Aksu Region Research Articles

Effect of neonatal resuscitation training in both Mandarin and Uygur in Uygur area in Xinjiang, China

Objective To explore an appropriate way and its effect on neonatal resuscitation training in Uygur area of Xinjiang, China. Methods From October 2014 to February 2015, obstetricians, neonatologists (pediatricians), midwives and anesthetists from Turpan Region Central Hospital, Turpan City People's Hospital,Aksu Region First People's Hospital and other five hospitals at county level were chosen to attend the training course of neonatal resuscitation. The textbook for the course was Guidelines for Resuscitation which had been translated to Uygur language from English and the class was lead by less than ten Uygur trainees with Mandarin and Uygur when necessary in addressing some difficult or important points. The duration of theoretic courses took 6 h and the operational course took 8 h. Theorectical exam was taken before, immediately after and three months after (before re-training) the training. The accuracy rate was applied to assess the effect of training through evaluation for each resuscitation techniques. Repeated measures analysis of variance and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 220 health care staff were included in the study. The average score of theoretical examination after the training was higher than that before (85.68±8.52 vs 65.37±12.08, t=18.532, P=0.000), and that before re-training was lower than that after training (80.08±12.70 vs 85.68±8.52, t=-4.943, P=0.000). After the training, the proportions of Done in each item, including rapid assessment, preliminary resuscitation, correct positive pressure artificial ventilation, external cardiac massage together with artificial ventilation, proper endotracheal intubation and proper administration of resuscitation drugs, were all higher that those before [72.7%(160/220) vs 1.4%(3/220), 40.0%(88/220) vs 0%(0/220), 15.9%(35/220) vs 0%(0/220), 37.7%(83/220) vs 8.2%(18/220), 51.8%(114/220) vs 5.9%(13/220) and 48.2%(106/220) vs 10.5%(23/220), all P<0.01]. But at the time before re-training, only one proportion of Done which was higher than those immediately after initial training was proper administration of resuscitation drugs [49.6%(109/220) vs 48.2%(106/220), χ2=9.129, P<0.05]. Conclusion Bilingual (Mandarin and Uygur) neonatal resuscitation training in Xinjiang minority areas might enhance the recovery skills for local medical personnel. Key words: Asphyxia neonatorum; Resuscitation; Inservice training; Multilingualism; Evaluation studies

Age and nature of Cryogenian diamictites at Aksu, Northwest China: implications for Sturtian tectonics and climate

The Neoproterozoic succession in the Aksu region of northwestern China forms an unconformable boundary with the lower Precambrian Aksu basement group and consists of the Qiaoenbrak, Yuermeinak, Sugetbrak, and Chigebrak Formations. The two lowermost units include distinct glaciogenic diamictites that indicate distinct episodes of glaciation. In this study, we report the LA-ICP-MS U–Pb ages of detrital zircons and geochemical data from the lower Neoproterozoic strata. The age of the detrital zircon constrains the maximum depositional age to between 769 ± 10 and 727 ± 8 Ma for the Qiaoenbrak diamictites, which are associated with the Kaigas glaciation that occurred during the early Cryogenian period. The youngest detrital zircon age of 719 ± 9 Ma corresponds to the maximum depositional age of the Yuermeinak diamictites, which are associated with the Sturtian glaciation. The detrital zircons from the lower Neoproterozoic strata in the Aksu area indicated four peak ages of 2484, 1948, 861, and 647–581 Ma, which are consistent with the major tectonic episodes in the Tarim Block. The peak age of 2484 Ma represents an Archaean basement, which participated in the worldwide continental nuclei growth event from the late Neoarchaean to the early Palaeoproterozoic. The peak age of 1948 Ma may be associated with the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent, and the 861 and 647–581 Ma are likely associated with the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. The combination of geological and geochemical characteristics between the Qiaoenbrak Formation and Aksu Group indicates that the Qiaoenbrak Formation may be penecontemporaneous with the Aksu Group in an active continental margin tectonic setting. Following the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent, the margin of the Aksu evolved into a passive margin and the Yuermeinak and Sugetbrak Formations were deposited.

Implication of the chemical index of alteration as a paleoclimatic perturbation indicator: an example from the lower Neoproterozoic strata of Aksu, Xinjiang, NW China

The Neoproterozoic successions in the Aksu region, NW China, which lies unconformably on the Precambrian Aksu Group basement, comprises the Qiaoenbrak, Yuermeinak, Sugetbrak, and Chigebrak formations (from bottom to top). The two lowermost units include two distinct glacial diamictites, which indicate distinct episodes of glaciations. We report the major and trace element (including rare earth element) data for the Qiaoenbrak, Yuermeinak, and Sugetbrak formations to identify the paleoclimatic perturbations. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) values show variations from Qiaoenbrak to Yuermeinak, then Sugetbrak formations. The diamictites have relatively lower chemical index of alteration values (45.23–59.64) than inter-, post- and non-glacial sediments (48.28–66.96). This result supported the condition that the diamictites underwent relatively weak chemical weathering from a dry-cold sedimentary environment, which is associated with the sedimentary facies description. The lower Neoproterozoic successions recoded at least two glaciations, one is Qiaoenbrak glaciation and the other is Yuermeinak glaciation.

Analysis of Relation and Variation Characteristics Between Soil Water and Groundwater in Planting Conditions

The station located in Aksu region is distributed under the Tarim Basin oasis which is in arid condition, it is the largest cotton producing area in China, also is has the greatest changes in the Tarim Basin. The study of arid farmland ecosystem water oasis, salinity and nutrient rule change process, water-saving irrigation technology demonstration theory and the ideal place for the sustainable development of agriculture and the oasis are very typical representative. In this paper, we make cotton growing soil water - groundwater changes as the study objection, focusing on the analysis of soil moisture in farmland ecosystem and the correlation between groundwater. The basic data of this paper came from experimental field station in Aksu, such as--soil moisture, groundwater depth, they are segmented by cotton fertility cycle in order to analyze soil moisture trends, combined with the local irrigation analysis of soil moisture under different irrigation curves, finally, we will combine these conclusions with evaporation, temperature and other weather station related data, then make a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between soil water, groundwater depth and amount of irrigation, evaporation. We draw the following conclusions: First, the characteristics of soil moisture conditions analysis can divide the soil into four layers: dramatic changes in the surface layer(0~30cm), water supply layer(30~50cm), graded layer(50~100cm) and are stable layer(100~150cm); Secondly, we found that under different irrigation amount, different evaporation affected by different growth stages of cotton water requirements of different factors; Finally, we fit the trend line chart with two lines means a comprehensive analysis of the soil water - groundwater relationship, while the thesis raised the topic in favor of crop irrigation proposal.

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep in the Aksu Region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China, between 1990 and 2010

Seroprevalence of brucellosis infection in sheep between 1990 and 2010 in the Aksu Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China was determined by Rose Bengal Precipitation Test of Brucellosis (RBPT). The sera samples were analyzed according to region, husbandry practice, sex, and age. A total of 208,438 sheep were tested, with overall brucellosis seroprevalence of 0.26% (550/208438). No statistically significant difference was found in terms of age and region. Seroprevalence in male sheep (0.53%, 52/9877) was higher than that in the females (p = 0.02; OR = 2.105, 95%; CI = 1.581–2.803). Significant difference (p = 0.03; OR = 2.358, 95%; CI = 1.843–3.017) was evident for rates for brucellosis in the scale breeding (0.13%, 73/55195) and backyard groups (0.31%, 477/153243). The current brucellosis serosurvey is expected to broaden the understanding of zoonotic infection in the region. We concluded that the control measures for brucellosis in the Aksu region sheep herds are effective.

Fruit Growers' Opinions About Bird Conservation in North Part of Tarim Basin

A total of 216 survey interviews were completed in the orchards of the Aksu Region and the outskirts of Korla City, in October, 2009. The questionnaire was structured around fruit growers' opinions about insect pest management, bird conservation and included brief profiles of the growers' social background. The results showed that pest management was a great concern to all types of orchard growers and more than half of them would like to attract more birds to their orchards. The age, income level, education level and the orchard type of the fruit growers had significant effects on their opinions about bird protection.

Evidence for late Proterozoic subduction from 700-Myr-old blueschists in China

IN a comprehensive review of the world's blueschists, Ernst1 noted an apparent absence of these high-pressure, low-temperature rocks in the Precambrian, and ascribed it to a cooling of the Earth in the Phanerozoic eon. As blueschists are thought to be formed in subduction zones, the absence of Precambrian blueschists has been adduced as evidence that plate tectonics did not operate on the early Earth2. Although this conclusion is not inevitable, in that ancient mobile belts are more likely to have been obliterated than younger ones3, the presence of paired metamorphic belts of kyanite–sillimanite and andalusite–sillimanite grade in Proterozoic Gondwanaland supports the existence of a subducted slab, but with ancient geothermal gradients too high to form blueschists along the convergent plate boundary4,5. On the other hand, data from inclusions in African diamonds support the opposing view, that Archaean continental geotherms were similar to those of today6. Here we present Rb–Sr and K–Ar ages of 698–718 Myr for phengitic mica from high-pressure pelitic schists from the Aksu region of China, which are interleaved with blueschists. We interpret these dates as representing the time of the blueschist-facies metatmorphism, suggesting that subduction was occurring in the late Proterozoic.