Akkadian Texts Research Articles

Old Sumerian and Old Akkadian Texts in the National Museum of Copenhagen

Previous articleNext article No AccessOld Sumerian and Old Akkadian Texts in the National Museum of CopenhagenAage WestenholzAage Westenholz Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Cuneiform Studies Volume 26, Number 2April 1974 A journal of ASOR Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/1359389 Views: 1Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1974 American Schools of Oriental ResearchPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article: Petr Charvat , Ilene M. Nicholas , and William M. Sumner More on Proto-Elamite Iran, Current Anthropology 24, no.44 (Oct 2015): 530–533.https://doi.org/10.1086/203048

ウガリット語文書にあらわれたウガリット王国の性格及びその古代世界諸国との関係

The excavations at Ugarit have produced a host of prose and list texts in Ugaritic and Akkadian ranging from royal letters to economical or administrative lists. Most of the Akkadian texts deal with the royal circle and international affairs. In fact, the Akkadian texts published by Jean Nougayrol in PRU III and IV inform us that Ugarit is one of the best known city-states of antiquity with respect to both of the internal and external political life.This study, however, is to observe the political and economical situations of Ugarit in the ancient Near East World, principally by the use of Ugaritic texts—administrative, political and economical—newly published. The admimistrative documents give us a good picture of the society and its relation to, and regulation by, the government. Aside from the peasants and herdsmen, the people tended to be grouped according to hereditary guilds. Among them there are many groups of, foreign people possibly of craftsmen and merchants. In PRU V, 59 the King of Tyre reports to the King of Ugarit that the Ugaritic ships bound for Egypt sank in a storm off Tyre. PRU V 60 is a letter from the Hittite Emperor to King Ammurapi of Ugarit, alluding to food shortages in Ugarit and to the presence of an enemy. These show us that the political situation of Ugarit was greatly influenced by the political conditions between Hittite and Egypt, and that, nevertheless, Ugarit used to be highly esteemed as an important transit port or city-state all over the ancient world through 1400-1200 B. C. and that she, therefore, enjoyed a free trade with the areas covering Egypt, Hittite, Mesopotamia and even the Aegean.

Graeco-Babyloniaca

Exactly sixty years ago, the great cuneiformist Th. G. Pinches, whose immense services to Assyriology are not always fully realized, published in the Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology five fragments of tablets of an entirely new type: Sumerian and Akkadian texts written in the Greek alphabet. Commenting on some of these texts in the same issue of the Proceedings, A. H. Sayce added a sixth fragment. A further text, in two fragments, was published in 1928 by W. G. Schileico.The corpus of these most interesting texts can now be doubled by eight new fragments from the British Museum collections published here. Credit for this substantial addition must, however, be given to Pinches, for it is among the unpublished British Museum texts which he copied in the late nineties that I had the good fortune to find either copies of, or references to, the new fragments.In the following pages, I have attempted to give a catalogue of the extant texts arranged according to their subject-matter. They may be divided into two main groups—(A) Lexical, and (B) Literary texts, the word ‘literary’ being taken in its broadest sense. To these groups it has been thought preferable to add a third one, namely (C) Unclassified texts, rather than withhold those texts which I could not understand; it is thus hoped that other scholars might succeed where I have failed.

A Group of Akkadian Texts on Perfumery

Research Article| January 01 1960 A Group of Akkadian Texts on Perfumery Martin Levey Martin Levey Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences (1975) 6: 11–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/27757190 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Martin Levey; A Group of Akkadian Texts on Perfumery. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 1 January 1975; 6 11–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/27757190 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentHistorical Studies in the Natural Sciences Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1960 Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Dyes and dyeing in ancient Mesopotamia

This journal article identifies Sumer as a center for the bleaching, dyeing and weaving of wool. According to accounts clothing was brightly colored and patterned. Variegated hues were obtained by substantive, vat and mordant dyes. Black was derived directly from iron oxide or from plants such as Cassia bark used with iron sulphate. Blue likely came from Indigo prepared perhaps with lime or potash. Woad may have been used. Saffron and Tumeric provided rarer yellow dyes. Red was favored in many shades. Sumerian and Akkadian texts refer to blood red, rose color and russet. Kermes is identified as one red dye. Murex brandaris and Murex arunculus yield purple. The dyeing process as practiced by the Mesopotamians is little known. Scant information is provided by the Talmud and from comparison with Babylonian tablets on tanning. Fat, alum and gall were used as mordants for tanning and dyeing. Thread or yarn was dyed in vats. These vats and winding bobbins are described from archaeological finds in Palestine. Wooden vats were likely used in Mesopotamia.

Akkadian Documents from Ras Shamra

RAS SHAMRA CONTINUES to maintain its position as one of the greatest archaeological treasure-troves of the Near East. After a full quarter of a century since its lucky discovery and nearly a score of seasons of excavation, the site does not begin to show any signs of diminishing returns. Virtually each season so far has been highlighted by outstanding contributions affecting our understanding of broad aspects of the ancient Near East. The latest campaigns have been no exception to this happy norm. Foremost among the manifold finds from this site are, of course, its unique epigraphic treasures. The Ugaritic material, however, has tendedunderstandably enough-to divert attention from the fact that other scripts and languages had been in use in that same city. Yet to date Ras Shamra has yielded no less than five different scripts which were employed for a total of eight separate languages.2 Within this literate and polyglot maze, classic cuneiform-syllabic, with but a thin sprinkling of logograms-ranks second only to the alphabetic script in which Ugaritic proper is recorded. Syllabic cuneiform was employed locally as a vehicle for Akkadian, Hurrian, Sumerian, and Hittite. Occasional specimens in that medium, representing sundry Akkadian texts and the Sumero-Hurrian Vocabulary, have appeared from time to time in periodicals.3 The 15th campaign, however, and even more so the 16th, recovered so many syllabic texts that an exclusive publication of this material became necessary. This has now

Two Old Akkadian Tablets in St. Louis

Previous articleNext article No AccessTwo Old Akkadian Tablets in St. LouisAlbrecht GoetzeAlbrecht Goetze Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Cuneiform Studies Volume 1, Number 41947 A journal of ASOR Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/1359468 Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article: I. J. Gelb The Date of the Cruciform Monument of Maništušu, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 8, no.44 (Sep 2015): 346–348.https://doi.org/10.1086/370937

A Matter of Criticism in Assyriology

The BULLETIN has honored me with two articles about my book, Miscellaneous Texts (Joint Expedition with the Iraq Museum at Nuzi). Publications of the Baghdad School, Texts, Vol. VI. In BULLETIN, NO. 77, Dr. Theophile J. Meek, who himself took part in the excavations in Nuzi and published Old Akkadian Texts from Nuzi, gave a succinct review of the book. In BULLETIN, No. 79, Dr. Julius Levy undertakes to show the weakness of the method used by the writer in copying the texts as it was briefly explained in JAOS, Vol. 55, pp. 429-431. A reviewer has the right to hold opinions which are opposed to those of the author of the work he is reviewing. No author can deny this right. But Professor Lewy in his review of the present writer's work has made statements that are clearly contrary to the facts. Under such circumstances an author is justified in challenging the reviewer. In view of the fact that Drs. H. and J. Lewy are expecting to write two more reviews of my book, it is therefore my very unpleasant, but important duty, to warn other scholars about their methods in criticizing others' work. Dr. Lewy makes a triple criticism: a general criticism of the method of copying tablets; a criticism of the details; and finally an assertion that the copyist has tried to show what is not on the tablets.

Excavations at Nuzi: Conducted by the Semitic Museum and the Fogg Art Museum of Harvard University, with the co-operation of the American School of Oriental Research at Baghdad. Vol. iii: Old Akkadian, Sumerian, and Cappadocian texts from Nuzi. By Theophile James Meek. Harvard Semitic Series, vol. x. 10¾ × 8, pp. lix, pls. cxiv. Cambridge, U.S.A.: Harvard University Press. London:

Excavations at Nuzi: Conducted by the Semitic Museum and the Fogg Art Museum of Harvard University, with the co-operation of the American School of Oriental Research at Baghdad. Vol. iii: Old Akkadian, Sumerian, and Cappadocian texts from Nuzi. By Theophile James Meek. Harvard Semitic Series, vol. x. 10¾ × 8, pp. lix, pls. cxiv. Cambridge, U.S.A.: Harvard University Press. London:

The Babylonian Practice of Marking Slaves

A PRACTICE connected with Babylonian slavery, knowledge of which is involved in considerable obscurity, is that of the method of marking slaves. The interpretation of this custom depends largely upon the meaning assigned to galabu,' abuttu, and muttatu. Laws I and II of the Sumerian Family Laws provide as the penalty to be imposed on a child who repudiates his parents; DUBBIN MI-NI-IN-?A-A, for disloyalty to father, and MUTTATI-A-NI DUBBIN SA-NE-IN-SI-ES, for disloyalty to mother. The sign transliterated DUBBIN may mean 'a sharp pointed instrument', 'finger', or 'nail-mark' (OBW 10O). But DUBBIN MI-NI-IN-SA-A is translated in the Akkadian text, u-gal-la-ab-su. This part of the law has been translated by Lenormant (EA 3, p. 22), 'ils lui rasent'; by Sayce (Records of the Past 3, p. 24) confirming it by (his) nailmark (on the deed)'; by Oppert (Doe. Jur. 56, 1. 26) 'et confirmat ungue impresso'; by Milller (Gesetze Ham. 270) 'macht er ihm ein Mal'; and Winckler (Gesetze 11am. 85), 'soll er ihm die Marke schneiden.' Haupt in his Sumerische FamilienGesetze (p. 35) stated that the expression should not be read 'er legt ihm den Fingernagel an,' but 'er scheert es.' Jensen (KB 6, p. 377, 1. 11) believed galabu to mean 'cut', referring to incised marks, and DUBBIN to be the instrument of cutting. MUTTATI-A-NI DUBBIN SA-NE-IN-SI-ES is translated in the Semitic text mu-ut-ta-a?-9u u-gal-bu-ma, which Sayce translated 'his hair is cut off'; Oppert (Doc. Jur. 57, 1.31) 'et