Airport Development Research Articles

The Durban Aerotropolis strategy for sustainable socio-economic development

Background: There has been a growing emphasis on airport development strategies as these strategies contribute towards economic growth and development. An aerotropolis as one of the initiatives is a strategy that facilitates the realignment of airports into economic hubs by increasing their scope of activities.Aim: To describe the Durban Aerotropolis strategy and contextualise its socio-economic impacts to the city and region of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. The socio-economic factors utilised are limited to the environment, people (community) and the economy.Methods: A qualitative research approach was adopted and used sequentially, concurrently and iteratively. The findings and recommendations are based on 12 in-depth interviews and five focus group sessions with participants from the target population.Results: The Durban Aerotropolis development is in its initial stages of adoption, and there is evidence of early positive socio-economic impacts including employment creation, growth in imports and exports and the creation of a competitive environment.Conclusion: The success of the strategy has been attributed to the adoption of novel strategies and concepts that enable improved logistics and mobility planning, connectivity and responsiveness, amongst other critical success factors. This has seen several strategies being considered, including roadway expansions, network designs, mobility platforms and many other infrastructural developments. This will enable purposeful planning to ensure that the region and South Africa are economically viable and competitive.

Achieving a return on investment from airport technology projects

Following a series of global events completely outside of its control, the aviation industry has started to look once again to the future. The focus can now turn from crisis management towards investing in the future of the infrastructure, the technology and the way that services are delivered to passengers and stakeholders. Recovery must, however, be achieved within the constraints of industry best practice in sustainability, new technologies and, of course, available financial resources. Never before has the importance of achieving a demonstrable return on investment (ROI) been placed on every airport development project, irrespective of scale. This paper provides an overview of how ROI can be built into airport projects, how it can be achieved and how it can be measured. The paper also highlights the importance of ROI as a corporate strategy that is reflected through every aspect of airport development and operation.

The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on Corporate Reputation: The Case of Incheon International Airport

This study aims to intensively analyze the effects of Incheon International Airport’s implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on its reputation. CSR activities constitute a significant role as management strategies and sustain their business reputation in the airport industry based on the Incheon International airport in Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide CSR activities to promote the sustainable development of airports by verifying the impact of CSR on airport reputation through mediate variables within the airport industry in consideration of the value and importance of CSR. A survey was conducted for a total of 297 Incheon International Airport users, and the collected data was analyzed using the structural equation model. As a result, it was found that CSR has a positive effect on reputation. Therefore, CSR activities can positively enhance customer perception, strengthen the importance of sustainability, and play a very important role in Korea’s airport industry. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data to emphasize the relative importance of airports’ CSR activities to enhance the reputation of airports in Korea and have a positive impact on sustainable development.

Integrated mapping of the earthquake-induced liquefaction in Wates Groundwater Basin, Kulon Progo for land use planning consideration: A preliminary study

Since the development of New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA), land use planning and development in Wates Groundwater Basin, Kulon Progo, Indonesia, becoming more crucial. A regional-scaled study led by Buana et al. (2019) pointed out the area as moderate-high susceptibility to liquefaction. This study provides updated land-use conditions and a detailed liquefaction susceptibility map using Geographic Information System and Multi-Criteria Analysis (GIS-MCA) from the previous research data by Maulana (2017). The result shows that the south and east part of the basin is classified as very high susceptibility to liquefaction while the other part is low to moderate susceptibility class. This preliminary study suggests the best recommendation for geophysics and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) data acquisition in further analysis.

Managing the development of airport enterprises with allowance for economic sustainability

Aim. The presented study aims to provide insight into the features and principles of managing the economic sustainability of the development of airport enterprises.Tasks. The authors explore the concept of economic sustainability; clarify the theoretical and methodological foundations of its assessment; describe the problem of assessing the economic sustainability of airport enterprises with allowance for the characteristics of the transport market, airport services, and management contours.Methods. Methodological approaches to sustainability assessment are analyzed. This study uses the systems approach to describe the sustainability of airport enterprises as economic systems and the resource approach to manage the sustainability of airport enterprises.Results. The structure of an integrated index for assessing the economic sustainability of airport enterprises is presented. Sustainability management circuits are described. The principles of managing the economic sustainability of the economic system of airport enterprises in different management circuits are defined.Conclusions. The practical and theoretical aspects of the economic sustainability of the economic systems of airport enterprises are highlighted, and the relevance of sustainability management is substantiated. The essence of the concept of economic sustainability is determined based on the resource approach in management in the context of the active influence of external factors and the disturbances generated by them. The objectives and principles of economic sustainability management under the influence of external and internal factors forming the peculiar contours of the economic sustainability management system of airport enterprises are described.

Analisis Dampak Pembangunan Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta Ditinjau dari Perekonomian Masyarakat Kecamatan Temon Kabupaten Kulon Progo

Yogyakarta International Airport is an international airport built in Temon District, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. There are five villages affected by the construction of Yogyakarta International Airport, namely Glagah, Sindutan, Palihan, Kebonrejo, and Jangkaran. This research aims to find out the economic impact on the community due to the construction of Yogyakarta International Airport and the efforts of the community in dealing with the impact caused. This research uses qualitative methods. The data for this study was obtained from interviews conducted with several villagers affected by the construction of Yogyakarta International Airport, the Deputy Head of Trade and Industry Office Kulon Progo, the Palihan Village Head, and the Head of Jangkaran Village. This research was conducted in the Temon District in October 2021. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the Yogyakarta international airport has an impact on the economy of the surrounding community, with some differences of opinion about the economic changes felt by affected residents. Some of the factors that cause differences in economic change in society are employment and the utilization of business opportunities.
 Keywords : Impact of Airport Development, Community Economy, Yogyakarta International Airport
 

Penentuan Wilayah Lokasi Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Sampah Kabupaten Kediri Jawa Timur

This study was conducted to determine the location of the final waste disposal site in Kediri Regency. The district has a very large potential for waste generation, on the other hand it only has one landfill location, while the location is close to the airport development plan, thus requiring a new location that is adequate, strategic, economical and environmentally friendly. The methodology used is a qualitative research method, using primary and secondary data, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, literature study and documentation. Determination of the location of an adequate, strategic, economical and environmentally friendly waste landfill site is carried out through regional analysis, allowance analysis and determination. Based on this analysis, alternative locations for landfills in Kediri Regency are generated in four villages located in two sub-districts, namely Mojo Village and Sukoanyar Village in Mojo District and Selopanggung Village and Sidomulyo Village in Semen District.

Developing a Cost-Effective Assessment Method for Noise Impacts at Non-Towered Airports: A Case Study at Purdue University

Aircraft noise is considered as one of the environmental impacts that most adversely affects airport development. Aircraft noise estimation tools such as the Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT) are widely used by airports to mitigate local concerns for airport development. Aircraft operations and fleet mix information play important roles in aircraft performance modeling for noise prediction. However, such information is difficult to obtain at almost 85% of the 3,348 National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS) airports, which lack full-time air traffic control facilities and personnel. Given the increasing percentage of equipped automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) aircraft in the U.S. national airspace, this paper presents a cost-effective noise estimation approach for non-towered general aviation (GA) airports. Instead of deploying physical sound meters or relying on the local air traffic control facilities, the authors collected aircraft positional data and fleet mix information based on ADS-B broadcasts. Advanced aircraft performance model parameters are constructed using four-dimensional aircraft position and a kinematic point-mass model. Aircraft-specific noise levels are interpolated based on the EUROCONTROL Aircraft Noise and Performance (ANP) database. To obtain the final noise level, two adjustments are applied to the interpolated noise values. The test results show the proposed approach can help non-towered airports predict the noise impact on any selected locations near the airport cost-effectively. Recommendations and opportunities for future investigation are also included.

The Effect of Financial Compensation for Farmland Acquisition on Household Welfare: The Yogyakarta International Airport Development Case

Background Problems: Land acquisition is a major issue in development policy, and compensation is often described as being inadequate; meanwhile, adequate compensation is the key element of fairness. Main Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the impact on household welfare of financial compensation for farmland acquisition for new airport development. Novelty: This study utilizes land acquisition for the new Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) because this area provides a reasonable case for evaluation. Research Methods: A quasi-experimental design is used to draw a causal relationship. A questionnaire survey has been conducted with 452 households, consisting of 207 households in the treatment group and 245 households in the control group. Finding/Results: On average, the financial compensation for the farmland acquired for the new airport development increased a household’s total annual income by as much as 32.06%, especially the income that was generated from self-owned business and farmland activity, and it also increased their total annual expenditures by as much as 26.55%, especially those related to food, energy (LPG and fuel), vehicles, internet and phone, religion, social relationships, and insurance. Conclusion: This study highlights that financial compensation for farmland acquisition for tertiary industry, specifically a new airport development, has a positive impact on both the total annual income and the total annual expenditures.

Criteria of quality assessment of regional airport services - A very last picture before the COVID-19 pandemic

Omnipresent globalisation causes integration of societies, economies and cultures, and air transport significantly facilitates it. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, air transport was one of the most dynamically developing types of transportation. The quality of airport services was measured, as it supports the development of air transport and airports in particular. As today the future of the air transport industry is not clear, it is essential to have the last picture of service quality assessment criteria before the airports' lockdown to sustain their development after reassumption. The study covered the operation of a regional international airport in Europe before the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A diagnostic survey was used in the study, and the data were collected through a questionnaire of 40 questions. The study covered 263 passengers who had used the services of the examined airport at least once before the lockdown. The collected data were statistically analysed. The main findings are that the passengers consider components of the quality of airport services in groups and not individually. In some groups of factors, the level of satisfaction varies depending on the frequency of airport use. The results are in accordance with the findings of other authors researching different airports. They should be considered when managing the airport and identifying the causes of low-quality services to improve them and eliminate or at least reduce passenger dissatisfaction, especially in the face of resumption of airport operations after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Airport infrastructure development in Ogasawara Islands Japan: A comparison of media and public discourse analysis

Small islands have often relied on the development of air transport to strengthen their economy, which often centers upon the tourism industry. However, such massive infrastructure projects become controversial, as the media has often framed infrastructure discourse into a conflict between environmental preservation and economic development. This paper explores the media portrayal of a proposal to develop an airport in the Ogasawara Islands, a remote Japanese region inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 2011. A thematic analysis was used to determine common themes found in 76 articles on the topic written between 2011 and 2019. These themes were then compared to an analysis of an island-wide census of residents, which collected opinions on the proposed airport and a follow-up interview conducted by the authors. The results reveal that the media had simplified and even misrepresented local opinion on the airport development as either pro-airport or pro-environment. Local islanders possessed complex opinions on the subject matter, and themes were identified beyond the typical economic development versus environment protection binary discourse associated with media coverage on infrastructure projects. Based on data collected from local interviews, this paper concludes with alternative scenarios to address local concerns.

Perceptions on Regional Benefit of Airport Development and Operation

Airport development and operation has a significant impact on local economy. However, the impact is assessed differently from different perspectives. In this paper, the authors investigated how the public think on the benefit of airport development and operation from a regional perspective. More specifically, the paper focuses on what the main factors are in public perceptions on the regional benefit of airport development and operation. The authors analyzed a survey collected in South Korea using structural equation models. The authors assigned five categories of perception factors and examined these factor relationships regarding the ripple effects caused by airport development and operation on each region. The five factors were “increased use in air transportation”, “increased exchange with other regions”, “regional economic benefit”, “regional development”, and “dis-benefit to the region”. The model was verified with structural equations and path analysis results for each factor. It was revealed that people perceive the increased use in air transportation and the increased exchange with other regions as bringing about the most significant ripple effects, followed by regional development and regional economic benefit in this order, according to the order of path groups. The results of this paper are expected to provide stakeholders’ perspectives and insights when planning airport development and operation.

The Causality Analysis of Airports and Regional Economy: Empirical Evidence from Jiangsu Province in China

China is the second largest aviation country in the world. The Chinese aviation industry and economy both developed quickly in the last two decades. However, the interaction mechanisms of aviation and the regional economy were different in each province. Jiangsu was the most important province in the Yangtze River delta region. The GDP of Jiangsu ranked second in China, but air transportation didn’t have the same leading position in the last decade. Taking Jiangsu province as for analysis, this paper provided empirical evidence of the causality between airport development and regional economic growth. The results showed that: (1) From 2008 to 2018, the overall volume of airport passenger throughput and GDP in Jiangsu had a strong upward trend with strong seasonal fluctuations; (2) There was a bi-directional Granger causality relationship between the airport passenger throughput and GDP in Jiangsu based on the vector autoregression (VAR) model and the Granger causality test; (3) From the impulse response and variance decomposition, the inter-contribution of GDP and airport development was sustainable and increasing over time. However, the impact of economic growth on airports was more significant than the impact of airports on economic growth.

Strategic management of airports efficiency and safety in the process of air and multimodal logistics transportations development

The airport is a complex system that focuses on the intersection of the interests of different players in the transport market and different activities related to the performance of air transportation. The airport has an independent position in relation to partners and users of air transport. Therefore, the role of the airport, above all, is to unite the efforts of the air transport system and find a balance between their economic interests in order to maximize the efficient and safe use of air transport. In addition to effective cooperation with its partners, the airport must meet the requirements of international standards for aviation security, the appropriate state of infrastructure and efficiency of technological processes. States are also interested in developing, increasing the capacity of airports, expanding opportunities in the process of operation, as the airport contributes to the revival of ties between countries and the development of the global economy, tourism. Bringing the air transport infrastructure in line with international requirements is an important component of Ukraine's strategy aimed at ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy on the world market. Solving the problems of airport development is a nationwide problem that hinders the use of the high transit potential of the state. The complex and diverse challenges facing airports require rational, integrated and flexible solutions in business process management and active cooperation of air transport system participants, which is manifested in the coordination of strategic, tactical and operational decisions. The article is devoted to improving approaches to strategic management of airport efficiency and safety in the process of ensuring the implementation of international air and multimodal logistics services.

ANALISIS DAMPAK PENGEMBANGAN BANDAR UDARA WAMENA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN JAYAWIJAYA

The development of Wamena airport transportation infrastructure is able to encourage new growth centers that have an impact on economic growth for the surrounding area. Along with the increasing number of visitors and airport passengers, the existing service facilities around the airport will be needed, so that the airport will foster trade and service activities that are able to provide jobs for the surrounding community. The most visible impact of the existence of a new airport in an area is the shift of business activity units and changes in land use carried out by the community around the airport. With the impact of the construction of the airport after it was developed. The community is manifested in the form of perceptions from the public regarding the airport development plan as well as the tendency for business reorientation plans to be carried out after the airport is built. Perceptions related to business reorientation are needed because in the end they will find out which business directions are in demand by the community around the airport affected area due to changes in land function on economic growth by affecting the surrounding economic growth.

Numerical evaluation on indoor environment quality during high numbers of occupied passengers in the departure hall of an airport terminal

The rapid development of airports and the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have brought increased attention to indoor environment quality, airflow organization, key pollutant dispersion, and ventilation modes in airport terminals. However, the characteristics of these parameters, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) and aerosol diffusion, are not fully understood. Therefore, in this study, the airflow patterns; CO2 and aerosol dispersion; and several thermal environment indices, including temperature, wind velocity, and predicted mean vote (PMV), of an airport terminal departure hall with high numbers of occupied passenger were numerically evaluated using the realizable k-ε and passive scalar models. The efficacies of three common ventilation modes, namely, up-supply and up-return, up-supply and down-return with different sides, and up-supply and down-return with the same side, were evaluated based on the CO2 removal efficiency and spreading range of aerosols. The results indicated that under high numbers of occupied passenger conditions, these ventilation modes vary slightly, with respect to create a comfortable and healthy environment. In particular, the up-supply and down-return with different sides mode was the best among the modes considered, when comparing the indices of temperature, wind speed PMV, and CO2 emission efficiency. Conversely, with respect to decreasing the risk of aerosol exposure, the up-supply and down-return with the same side mode was the best. Overall, the results from this study provide fundamental information for predicting CO2 and aerosol exposure levels and will act as a reference for the design and operation of ventilation systems in airport terminal buildings.

Social Changes Affected by the Development of Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA)

The construction of Yogyakarta International Airport in Kulon Progo Regency is a mega project in the National Medium-Term Development Plan as outlined in the Master Plan for the Acceleration and Equity of Indonesian Economic Development (MP3EI) 2011-2025. The initial consequence of the airport development with the aerotropolis concept is the preparation of land for the physical development of the airport with various facilities (physic engineering) which has an impact on the conversion of agricultural land to industrial land. This study aims to explain the social changes affected by the construction of Yogyakarta International Airport. The research method uses a qualitative approach, the research location is in the Tuksono Village, Sentolo District, Kulonprogo Regency. Data collection by in-depth interviews with local village officials, community leaders and business actors in the Tuksono village area. Data analysis by presenting data, reducing data and drawing conclusions. The results of the study explain that there is a change in the function of land that was previously for plantations and agriculture turned into an industrial area so that the orientation of the community that was previously productive has changed to a consumptive society. The recommendation of this research is that it is necessary to prepare the community by stakeholders in dealing with the impact of the development of Yogyakarta International Airport

The state of aviation field during COVID-19 pandemic

The global pandemic COVID-19 had a serious impact on the dynamics of air traffic. The purpose of this article is to analyze the change in air travel over the past 10 years and to describe the potential situation, threats and suggest alternative ways out of the crisis. As a result, we identified the following problems: insufficient funding for the aviation industry, lack of resources necessary for its development, low level of exports of civil aviation, no credit mechanisms to finance the production of aircraft, lack of incentives for domestic and foreign institutions to invest, lack of control over aviation companies . The largest decline in air travel occurred in 2020. We also see a decrease in flights from 2013 to 2014 in connection with the beginning of military clashes in eastern Ukraine. In 2021, new air carriers entered the Ukrainian market, including Flynas (low-cost carrier of Saudi Arabia) and Eurowings (German low-cost carrier). It was found that domestic flights through the airspace of Ukraine have increased. An important impetus for their growth is the development of regional airports with the prospect of creating a National Airline. The positive dynamics was influenced by the opening of new passenger flights (Kyiv-Uzhhorod, Chernivtsi-Kryvyi Rih) and the adoption of the draft law №5301, which extended the term of granting Ukrainian airlines a transitional period for the transition to the use of domestic aircraft. In the summer of 2021, flights resumed, and Ukrainians are actively flying to Turkey, Egypt and the Dominican Republic - the most popular destinations. As for Ukrainian airports, their passenger traffic has decreased significantly since 2019, more than twice. Therefore, we propose to look for ways to reduce airport costs and fees, reduce aircraft fleet to save on their maintenance, reduce staff, refocus on charter flights, reduce the tax burden and encourage investors, which is especially important.

Criticality of a regional airport development to mitigate covid-19 economic effects

The current COVID-19 crisis is having major impact on businesses across the world. This Insight focusses on investment in transport infrastructure as one of the key tools to enforce employment, businesses afloat and to maintain the productive capacity of the economy as well as maintain, and possibly increase, the attractiveness as business location. The challenges associated with the delivery and operation of complex transport infrastructure projects in today’s marketplace have been well documented in recent years. Decision making in planning and management of new transport infrastructure projects is complicated due to the different stakeholders involved in decision process, especially for restricted economic conditions and financing assumptions, where the project business plan performance is strongly related to regional development prospects. The paper provides an evaluation framework based on an ex-ante assessment framework of a new airport economic impact concentration to business ecosystem on one hand and the diversity of economic impact to business ecosystem on the other in the post COVID-19 era. The approach is essential to provide key messages to national governments, decision makers and stakeholders regarding the contribution of an airport investment towards regional economic development in terms of contribution to business ecosystem after COVID-19 pandemic. The case study adopted to illustrate the application of this methodology is a new regional airport with high seasonal traffic characteristics on the island of Crete in Greece, one of the most attractive tourist destinations in South-east Mediterranean.

SIMULATION AS A DECISION SUPPORT TOOL FOR AIRPORT PLANNING: RIGA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CASE STUDY

This research considers the aspects of decision-making according to the airport activities. The decision about airport planning and management should be comprehensive and operative and of course, the assessment of alternative decisions is necessary. The purpose of this research is to highlight the role of simulation modelling at the stage of airport development. The authors present the methodology of a model-driven decision-making approach and then describe 2 cases of using simulation for Riga International Airport (RIX) development. The 1st case study is used for analysis possibility of the development of the airport’s surrounding territory. The planned massive development of RIX and the surrounding area requires detailed analysis for increasing its positive impact on regional and national business economics, social aspects, business and the environment. The 2nd case supports decision-making for the needs of the terminal reconstruction, presents a helpful tool for visualization of the tendencies in the future, and allows the analysis of the different infrastructure layouts. Both cases give the possibility to predict the situation and evaluate the service provided for passengers (travellers) of the airport. Simulation modelling allows to study complex system – airport and evaluate direct and indirect impacts of planned reconstruction.