The reverse Brayton cycle (RBC) is known to exhibit a lower coefficient of performance (COP) when compared to conventional vapor-compression refrigeration systems. To tackle this issue, this study proposes a centrifugal reverse Brayton cycle (CRBC) that features a rotating heat exchanger, which utilizes the conversion mechanism between equal potential energy and pressure energy to enhance system performance. The findings indicate that the COP of the CRBC is roughly inversely proportional to the working fluid density, making CO2 a more suitable option for CRBC systems than conventional working fluids. We propose three different cycles for the CRBC system: the diamond cycle, trapezoid cycle, and rectangle cycle. From both technical and operational perspectives, the trapezoid cycle appears to be the preferred choice for CRBC. When the isentropic efficiency of the CRBC system exceeds 95%, its coefficient of performance (COP) ranges from 5.31 to 5.7, whereas the COP of transcritical carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle (tCO2), air RBC, and CO2 RBC are around 4.3, 1.9, and 0.79, respectively. This suggests that the performance of the CRBC system surpasses that of RBC by a significant margin, while achieving comparable performance to conventional vapor compression refrigeration systems. Moreover, the dimensionless power reflecting the installation capacity requirements for CRBC, tCO2, air RBC and CO2 RBC are around 0.2, 0.35, 5.3 and 1.9, respectively. This indicates that the compressor/expander capacity demand for system CRBC approaches the thermodynamic minimum.