Static Air Atmosphere Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of Atmospheric Air Monitoring Systems Data

Purpose. To analyze the international experience in determining the state of atmospheric air, to conduct a comparative analysis of integrated indicators of atmospheric air quality on the example of the city of Mariupol. Methods. Processing and analysis of atmospheric air monitoring data were performed by calculation, statistical and graphical methods. Results. The study of the air quality of the city of Mariupol is carried out at 2 posts of the Automated Environmental Monitoring System in the Donetsk region and 13 automatic monitoring posts (AMP) at the borders of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) of the city enterprises. As a result of data analysis, the average percentage of pollutants, sub-indices and air quality indices according to the standards of Ukraine, EEA, EPA in 2020 were calculated. The obtained results differ in quantitative values, but on the scale of air quality are similar. Using the data of the Automated Environmental Monitoring System of Donetsk region, the average monthly concentrations of pollutants were calculated according to the data of regional posts and automatic monitoring posts on the border of sanitary protection zones. To assess the quality of atmospheric air, a data set was used: suspended particles, ozone, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide, which are used to calculate global air quality indicators. There is a tendency to increase the change in the concentration of formaldehyde in the atmosphere of the city during 2017 - 2020. Conclusions. The average percentage of pollutants, sub-indices and indices of air quality in Mariupol according to the standards of Ukraine, EEA, EPA are calculated. The obtained results differ in quantitative values, but on the scale of air quality are similar.

Methods and approaches to the determination of the carbon-containing dust concentrations in the atmospheric air during coal mining and processing

An overview of russian and foreign methods and approaches to control carbon-containing dust in the atmospheric air in the influence zone of coal mining and processing enterprises is presented in this paper. The main composition of suspended substances (coal dust), entering in the atmosphere in the processes of coal mining and processing, consists of an inorganic part, represented by the main rock-forming oxides, toxic elements, mineral particles PM2,5 and PM10, also organic substances, which include soot(carbon), organic matter of coal, benz(a)pyrene and other PAHs. The capabilities of modern physical and chemical analysis methods, which significantly increase the accuracy, reliability and information content of monitoring the state of atmospheric air, are still poorly used in industrial environmental control. Information about the composition and properties of coal dust obtained from research of Kuzbass coals, its mining and processing waste should be used in the development of industrial environmental monitoring programs by industry enterprises.

Изучение степени загрязнения атмосферного воздуха Грязинского района Липецкой области методом лихеноиндикации

The article presents an assessment and analysis of the ecological state of atmospheric air in 7 districts of the city of Gryazi, Lipetsk region, by the method of lichen-indication. In most of the studied areas, a tendency to degradation of epiphytic lichenoflora was revealed as the anthropogenic impact increased, which was expressed in the depletion of the species composition and a decrease in the area of the projective cover of lichens. The index of atmospheric purity IAQ in areas of the study varies significantly, which is associated with a different degree of anthropogenic load. The highest index of atmospheric purity IAQ was recorded in the Oak Grove district, the lowest, in the area of Borisoglebskaya and Astrakhan streets, and the average index was typical for the rest of the district. The result obtained can be used as a basis for biomonitoring the territory of the city of Mud.

Influence of increasing temperature and pollution of atmospheric air of the city environment as a result of climatic changes on the health of workers of social infrastructure

Problem statement. This article examines one of the key safety issues for workers in the open air − the increase in air pollution in the context of global climate change. Based on the analysis of monitoring data from stationary observation posts in Kiev for the state of atmospheric air, a positive trend is shown for the main components - air pollutants in recent years and their close correlation with temperature conditions. The calculation of the non-carcinogenic risk to the health of workers showed a significant level, which requires dynamic control for the production environment and a solution to the issue of risk management measures. The risk-oriented approach allows identifying not only the presence of a substance and its concentration, but also the likelihood and degree of its impact on a person at a given exposition. Purpose of the article is to analyze the effect of increasing temperature and air pollution in the urban environment due to climate change on the health of workers with the aim of developing measures to reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere and protect workers who are outdoors during the working day. Conclusion. Achieving an acceptable level of risk for workers in the areas of its maximum level can be achieved by introducing appropriate measures, which must necessarily include, in addition to organizing production, the choice of the optimal mode of work and rest, as well as personal protection equipment, namely: overalls or clothing made of natural fabrics, protective equipment for the respiratory system, head, eyes, skin, adherence to correct drinking regime, therapeutic and prophylactic nutrition, attraction to work of workers with age restrictions, constant monitoring of weather conditions and, when they deteriorate, immediate adoption of appropriate measures to improve the working conditions of workers in the open air.

ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION ALONG JUBILEE AVENUE IN THE CITY OF KHARKOV

A method for assessing air pollution was proposed, which can be used to take appropriate measures at various stages of the functioning of the "road - environment" system. The main source of emissions of harmful substances on highways is vehicles. The impact of traffic on the environment is considered as the sum of the impacts of single vehicles. The environmental hazard of a single car is determined not only by its design, but also by the driving mode. In contrast to the previously proposed methods for solving the problem of assessing atmospheric air pollution, the article pays attention to the systemic optimization of measures that takes into account the technical requirements of cars, drivers and sanitary requirements of pedestrians. Concentrations of pollutants from automobile transport on Yubileiny Avenue in Kharkov are calculated. The main measures to improve the state of atmospheric air on Yubileiny Avenue in the city of Kharkov are proposed.

STATE OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR IN KHARKIV AND KHARKIV REGION

The risk of chemical pollution is assessed by the level of its possible negative impact on the atmosphere, soils, groundwater and surface water, vegetation, animals and humans. The state of atmospheric air in Kharkiv and Kharkiv region is analyzed and it is revealed that atmospheric air pollution comes from mobile and stationary sources of pollution. One of the main sources of pollution is thermal power plants and oil and gas companies. The largest number of emissions from stationary sources is in Zmiiv, Krasnograd, Balakliia, Chuguiv districts and Kharkiv. The largest number of emissions from mobile sources is observed in Kharkiv and Derhachiv districts. The most polluted areas of the city of Kharkiv were identified, especially the central district and the area of the railway station, and the causes of pollution were established. As a result of comparison of the accepted maximum admissible concentrations of chemical substances in Ukraine, the USA and the countries of the European Union it is revealed that the Ukrainian norms are stricter. An analysis of emissions since 1990 found that their 9,14-fold reduction was due to a reduction in production and the closure of some enterprises as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The sharp drop in emissions since 2013 is also due to the economic crisis and hostilities in eastern Ukraine. The reduction of emissions is explained not only by the reduction of production volumes, but also by the implementation of air protection measures carried out at the enterprises of the city and the region. There is a close link between pollutant emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) production, which can be used in the future to forecast emissions. Measures aimed at improving the state of atmospheric air in Kharkiv region and the city of Kharkiv are presented.

Green synthesis of porous carbon nanocubes accumulated microspheres for the simultaneous non-enzymatic sensing of uric acid and dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid

Nanomaterials synthesis from biowastes is becoming one of the green strategies towards the production of toxic solvents- and pollution-free materials and in that view, we have prepared porous carbon nanocubes accumulated microspheres (PCMS) and tested its efficacy for the electrochemical sensing of both uric acid (UA) and dopamine (DA) simultaneously in the presence of ascorbic acid. The PCMS nanomaterial successfully synthesized by echo-free pyrolysis of neighborhood collected coconut shell at 450 °C under air atmospheric condition in a muffle furnace. From the physical characterization, we found that the formed product is crystalline in nature (powdered XRD) and the FTIR analysis provided the surface functionality and bonding, while the UV-Vis spectroscopy for the optical properties. The low-resolution SEM studies indicated for a uniform spherical like structure (1 µM size) and the high-resolution TEM image support for the formation of PCMS absolutely in cubic structure (20 nm size). Hence, it may be an accumulation of the cubic nanocrystal to a spherical microstructure which has played vital performance due to the high surface area spherical structure and porosity. On testing of PCMS’s sensing efficiency, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques showed well-detached oxidation peaks both for UA and DA. The lowest detection limits were observed to be 10 nM and 1 nM for the UA and DA respectively, and based on such low values of detection, this signal to noise ratio of the sensor can be applicable for real-time detection of UA and DA efflux from human nerve cells.

Methodology for comprehensive assessment of atmospheric air state in populated areas

The article describes the development of a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the main sources of pollution and factors affecting the state of atmospheric air in populated areas. Its main distinguishing feature is that it takes under consideration the type of development of the selected area when assessing the impact of vehicles. Another important feature is the consideration of the estimated impact of new construction facilities, demolition of buildings and structures on populated areas, as well as the impact of unfavorable (dusty) areas as air pollution sources. The application of the proposed methodology makes it possible to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the main pollution sources and factors affecting the state of atmospheric air in the populated areas and categorize the city territory for making decisions on the possibility of locating new construction facilities in the urban area.

Study of the state of atmospheric air in the vicinity of non-ferrous metallurgy facilities and the power line tower damage

In the studies of the state of land areas performed using the advanced methods, in images from space, the industrial region around the city of Norilsk can be seen as a blurred spot that occupies an area of more than 900 km2. Among diverse pollutants forming the picture, sulfur and nitrogen compounds, nitrates, sulfates, phenols, industrial dust, and heavy metals have a particular impact. The release of sour gases results in acid rains, which are among the major pollutants forming the whole picture. These substances affect humans, all objects of the environment, and sources of anthropogenic activities including engineering installations of power plant enterprises. The direct impact on the state of metal towers decreases significantly their lifetimes and increases the risk of emergencies. In this paper, the research data on the state of power line towers of different types are provided and the effect of acid precipitation on structures is shown.

ATMOSPHERIC AIR CONDITION IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

In this work, the maps of the atmospheric air condition in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan were built taking into account the influence of the relief on the dispersion of pollutants. As a calculation model, a modified technique of V.A. Petrukhin and V.A. Vishensky was used. To increase the accuracy of the results, a correction factor for the influence of the relief on the process of dispersion of pollutants was calculated. According to the maps obtained, high concentrations of pollutants and high values of the integrated air pollution index are observed near two industrial centers: Ufa-Blagoveshchensk and Salavat-Sterlitamak.

Spectroscopic and thermal studies of cyano bridged hetero-metallic polymeric complexes derived from ligands containing N and S donor atoms

The new cyano bridged hetero-metallic polymeric complexes [Cu(dmtu)2Pd(CN)4]∙H2O and [Cu(H2O)2(detu)2Pd(CN)4]∙2H2O (dmtu = N,N'-dimethylthiourea, detu = N,N'-diethylthiourea; abbreviated henceforth as Cu–Pd–dmtu and Cu–Pd–detu) have been synthesized for the first time in powder form and their structures have been determined by vibrational (FT-IR and Raman) spectroscopy, thermal and elemental analysis techniques. Using vibration spectra of the complexes, it has been discussed whether the ligands are bound to metal atoms or not. According to the results obtained from the spectra of the complexes, the palladium atom is four coordinated with four cyano groups in a square planar geometry whereas the copper(II) atom of Cu–Pd–detu is six coordinated with two bridging cyano groups, two aqua and two detu ligands (four bridging cyano groups and two dmtu ligands for Cu–Pd–dmtu) in a distorted octahedral geometry. In addition, complex Cu–Pd–dmtu is similar to structure of the Hofmann type complexes and its structure consists of polymeric layers of |Cu–Pd(CN)4|∞ with the dmtu ligand bounded to the copper(II) atom. Thermal stabilities and decomposition products of the complexes were also investigated in the range of 30–1000 ºC in the static air atmosphere using TG, DTG and DTA techniques.
 
 KEY WORDS: Tetracyanopalladate(II), N,N'-dimethylthiourea, N,N'-diethylthiourea, Cyano-bridged complex, Vibration spectra
 
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(2), 365-376
 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i2.13

About creation of a hybrid multi-level atmospheric air monitoring system in the Republic of Tatarstan

The existing system of instrumental monitoring of the state of atmospheric air in the Republic of Tatarstan systematically reveals the facts of unsatisfactory quality of atmospheric air, in this connection, special attention has been paid to the work on regulating the impact of emissions on atmospheric air by means of calculated monitoring. The article notes that by now all the necessary legal framework has been created for creating a hybrid multi-level atmospheric air monitoring system in the Republic of Tatarstan. The paper provides a justification for the need to implement a hybrid multi-level atmospheric air monitoring system for three levels: the level "Enterprise" or "group of enterprises", the level" Municipality", the level"Subject of the Russian Federation the Republic of Tatarstan". The General scheme of the organization of environmental data collection in the Republic of Tatarstan and the scheme of the integrated architecture of the environmental data collection system are presented. The results of the implementation of a hybrid multi-level atmospheric air monitoring system in the environmental policy of the Republic of Tatarstan are presented

ВЕБ-КАРТОГРАФУВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ М. ЛЬВІВ ЗА ПОКАЗНИКОМ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ПОВІТРЯ

The condition and composition of atmospheric air are influenced by two main factors: the introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere through various sources and harmful physical effects on it. The latter includes radiation, sound vibrations, noise, and so on. These and other factors disrupt the optimal state of the air, which negatively affects human health, the condition and development of animals and plants. The main sources of pollutants in the air of Lviv are: dust – vehicles, woodworking and building materials industry; sulfur dioxide – industrial enterprises, carbon monoxide – vehicles, thermal power plants; nitrogen dioxide – heat power companies; formaldehyde – motor transport, woodworking industry. Today, emissions from mobile sources are the biggest air pollutants in the city. The chemical composition of emissions from mobile sources of pollution is characterized by the predominance of carbon monoxide (up to 74%), nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbons (12% and 11%, respectively). Today the state of atmospheric air in large cities of Ukraine and, in particular, in the city of Lviv is at an unsatisfactory level. The main problems in this area are the progressive nature of the negative impact on the ecological state of the environment and human health. As there is currently no interactive cartographic material that can visualize the problem of environmental pollution, the main purpose of this work was to create an interactive web map of the quality of life of the population of Lviv in terms of air pollution. To achieve this goal, we collected and systematized geospatial statistical cartographic materials on the ecological state of the air in Lviv. The necessary software for the development of an interactive map of air pollution has been identified and its possibilities have been studied. An algorithm for loading geospatial data into the created web resource has been developed. A template of applications for creating web maps of air pollution in Lviv was selected according to the indicators of the I and II quarters of 2020, which were measured at 30 intersections of the city. Thus, two interactive web maps of air pollution in Lviv were developed in the environment "Google My Maps" and "ArcGIS Online".

Establishment of a network for the public atmospheric air monitoring and informing the population

Perelik prohramnykh produktiv v haluzi okhorony atmosfernoho povitria. Available at: https://menr.gov.ua/content/perelik-programnih-produktiv-v-galuzi-ohoroni-atmosfernogo-povitrya.htmlThe object of research is monitoring the state of atmospheric air pollution in agglomerations with subsequent informing the population. Monitoring the state of the city's atmospheric air is of great importance both at the state level and for the public. In this work, public monitoring of atmospheric air is created on the example of the city of Poltava (Ukraine). The creation of a network for public monitoring of the state of air pollution in the city provides for independent monitoring of air pollution, based on decrees and other guidelines on air quality. In accordance with the existing requirements, the state monitoring of atmospheric air has a number of disadvantages, namely:– lack of monitoring of suspended solids, including PM2.5 and PM10;– monitoring of atmospheric air pollution at stationary observation posts is carried out a maximum of 4 times a day;– lack of a system of informing the population about the state of the air in the city, in particular, PM2.5 and PM10 pollution– lack of automated systems for analyzing air quality, that is, monitoring is carried out by sampling. In contrast to the conduct of state observation, public monitoring will provide not only informing the population, involving them in monitoring, but will also increase environmental awareness, responsibility, and create an additional tool for controlling air pollution. For the effective functioning of the public monitoring network, rules have been developed for conducting public monitoring of the state of atmospheric air pollution in the city with a description of the location of pollution sensors, their operation and basic requirements. Also, a website has been developed based on the monitoring database, reflecting the results of public monitoring. Taking into account that if the database contains data on the indicators of installed sensors (point measurements), then the site for informing the population is a visualization of the control results throughout the city, that is, it will act as a model for the distribution of pollution in the city's atmospheric air.

Synthesis of Dendritic Ligand Assisted Zn/Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticles as a Highly Active Green Catalyst for Chemoselective Oxidation and Reduction Reaction

The dendritic ligand 2, 4, 6-tris (di-4-chlorobenzamido)-1, 3, 5-triazine 3 supported Zn/Cu (1:1) 4a, 2, 4, 6-tris (di-4-chlorobenzamido)-1, 3, 5-triazine 3 supported Zn/Cu (1:2) 4b, and 2, 4, 6-tris (di-4-chlorobenzamido)-1, 3, 5-triazine 3 supported Zn/Cu (2:1) 4c bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized successfully by following the co-complexation route in which the desired molar ratio of Zn and Cu was confirmed by the obtained results of electron diffraction X-ray and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. The average particle size of these NPs was detected as 15–20 nm from transmission electron microscopy investigations and agglomerate spherical surface morphology was found by scanning electron microscopy, whereas the face-centered cubic structure of these bimetallic NPs was observed by X-ray diffraction assessment. Also, the formation of the ligand was proven by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and elemental analysis. Remarkably, the chemoselective oxidation of aromatic alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones at 25 min and reduction of aromatic nitro substituents to the corresponding aniline at 20 min in aqueous medium at room temperature have been studied by the most effective catalyst Zn/Cu (2:1) 4c NPs among other molar ratios of Zn/Cu (1:1) 4a and Zn/Cu (1:2) 4b NPs under atmospheric air (O2) conditions with good to excellent yields. This green catalytic approach of Zn/Cu (2:1) 4c NPs catalytic was easily recovered by simple filtration and recycled at least five consecutive runs without a noticeable loss of its catalytic effectiveness.

Quality ecological assessment of the urbanized territories’ environment

This article shows the results of a socially significant research, the relevance of which is constantly growing in current conditions, due to the impending global crisis. Research objectives are to develop theoretical knowledge in sphere of quality ecological assessment of the urbanized territories and identification of opportunities for their practical use in certain regions. Authors have systemized factors that affect on the quality of urban environment and identified main approaches, which are used in implementing of the quality ecological assessment of the urbanized territories’ environment. Results of ecological and hygienic assessment of air quality of Irkutsk Region’s (Russia) cities have been introduced as a part of the author’s methodology. Main sources of pollution and their impact on atmospheric pollutant emissions have been identified. Urban areas with high level of air pollution have been revealed. Based on the findings, set of measures has been proposed to restore ecological balance in Irkutsk region, the implementation of which will improve the environmental conditions of atmospheric air as one of the criteria of quality assessment of urban territories. Methods of systemic and comparative analysis, expert opinions and social polls as well as ecological monitoring of the environment have been used during the research.

Lichens as indicators of atmospheric pollution in urban ecosystems

Abstract Modern methods of lichen indication allow assessing the impact of climate change and air pollution on ecosystem health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the general state of atmospheric air in urban ecosystems of cities and towns using lichen indication methods. The objectives of the study included identifying lichen indicator species, as well as assessing the response of these species to various pollutants (e.g., lead, iron, manganese). The study was conducted in 2017 in the Bryansk region of the Russian Federation (9 settlements in total) and the Oryol region (1 settlement – the city of Oryol). Four hundred samples belonging to epiphytic lichens were collected. Additional 300 and 137 samples of epiphytic lichens were used for chemical and toxicological analyses, respectively. The following two generally accepted lichen indicator indices were calculated: poleotolerance index (PI) and atmospheric purity index (API). When calculating the latter, the lichen species Xanthoria parietina was used as the baseline. Epiphytic lichens in small settlements were represented by 50 species (28 genera, 8 families). In large cities, 55 (Bryansk) and 53 (Oryol) species of epiphytic lichens were detected. The number of species in small settlements was 1.5 times lower than that of large cities. There were 8-15 and 25-32 species of epiphytic lichens in the central region and in the periphery of Bryansk, respectively. The number of epiphytic lichen species detected in the parks was 41. Within the territory of large cities, 17 species of lichens were identified as potential indicators, since they were found in every second or fourth sample. Maximum concentrations of lead were recorded in industrial areas of cities, as well as near major roads with traffic intersection and bridges and in some dormitory suburbs. This is a distinctive feature of large cities – the predominance of lead in lichen thalli, which is primarily associated with vehicles. In small cities in which there are no specific industrial enterprises (metallurgical plants, etc.), other heavy metals – manganese and iron – prevail in the thalli of lichens. In this work, new methods are adopted – mapping pollution with the use of nitrophilous epiphytic lichens that reflect the ongoing macro processes of nitrification in urban areas. The authors have proposed and tested the following lichen indicator methods: the use of indicator species (epiphytes-nitrophytes) of various sensitivities and the study of their distribution within the territory. The mapping method has been substantiated, which takes into account the API and zoning of territories according to the level of general pollution. Among the indicator species, Xanthoria parietina turned out to be the most suitable one.

Gender Differences in Association between Air Pollution and Daily Mortality in the Capital of the Green Lungs of Poland-Population-Based Study with 2,953,000 Person-Years of Follow-Up.

(1) Introduction: air pollution is considered to be one of the main risk factors for public health. According to the European Environment Agency (EEA), air pollution contributes to the premature deaths of approximately 500,000 citizens of the European Union (EU), including almost 5000 inhabitants of Poland every year. (2) Purpose: to assess the gender differences in the impact of air pollution on the mortality in the population of the city of Bialystok—the capital of the Green Lungs of Poland. (3) Materials and Methods: based on the data from the Central Statistical Office, the number—and causes of death—of Białystok residents in the period 2008–2017 were analyzed. The study utilized the data recorded by the Provincial Inspectorate for Environmental Protection station and the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management during the analysis period. Time series regression with Poisson distribution was used in statistical analysis. (4) Results: A total of 34,005 deaths had been recorded, in which women accounted for 47.5%. The proportion of cardiovascular-related deaths was 48% (n = 16,370). An increase of SO2 concentration by 1-µg/m3 (relative risk (RR) 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.12; p = 0.005) and a 10 °C decrease of temperature (RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05; p = 0.005) were related to an increase in the number of daily deaths. No gender differences in the impact of air pollution on mortality were observed. In the analysis of the subgroup of cardiovascular deaths, the main pollutant that was found to have an effect on daily mortality was particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5); the RR for 10-µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 was 1.07 (95% CI 1.02–1.12; p = 0.01), and this effect was noted only in the male population. (5) Conclusions: air quality and atmospheric conditions had an impact on the mortality of Bialystok residents. The main air pollutant that influenced the mortality rate was SO2, and there were no gender differences in the impact of this pollutant. In the male population, an increased exposure to PM2.5 concentration was associated with significantly higher cardiovascular mortality. These findings suggest that improving air quality, in particular, even with lower SO2 levels than currently allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, may benefit public health. Further studies on this topic are needed, but our results bring questions whether the recommendations concerning acceptable concentrations of air pollutants should be stricter, or is there a safe concentration of SO2 in the air at all.

Fast Growth of Multi-Phase MoOx Synthesized by Laser Direct Writing Using Femtosecond Pulses

Molybdenum oxide is an attractive material for application in several technology fields such as sensors, displays, and batteries, among many others. In this work, we present a reliable laser direct writing (LDW) method for synthesizing multi-phase molybdenum oxide (MoOx) on a single processing step. We use femtosecond laser pulses to produce up to five distinct crystalline phases of molybdenum oxide at once. We demonstrate how the laser irradiation conditions determine the MoOx stoichiometry, phase, and morphology. We show that by conveniently adjusting either the per-pulse laser fluence or the exposure time, MoOx can be obtained in nano or micro-structured form. We found that this ultrashort pulse laser processing method allows for the formation of unusual MoOx phases such as o-Mo18O52, which is rarely reported in the literature. In addition, it is possible to synthesize other sub-stoichiometric molybdenum oxide phases such as o-Mo4O11 and m-Mo8O23 all at atmospheric air conditions, with no need for demanding oxygen pressure precautions.

МОНИТОРИНГ ВОЗДУШНОЙ СРЕДЫ В Г. ВОРОНЕЖ

Air monitoring is most often carried out in areas with high industrial load. There are few observations of the state of atmospheric air in the territories of the "sleeping areas", where there are no industrial facilities. However, an increase in pollutant emissions can be observed in such areas. This happens for various reasons, but the main one is the increase in the number of vehicles. For the study, the location area of the Voronezh State Forestry University was selected. In this area there are university buildings and residential buildings. A highway with 2 lanes crosses from north-west to southeast. The amount of emissions of harmful substances from vehicles to the atmosphere was estimated by the calculation method. The calculations were made according to three indicators: carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO2) and hydrocarbons. A high degree of anthropogenic air pollution in the study area has been revealed.