Agricultural Intensification Research Articles

Unraveling the advantages of site-specific nutrient management in maize (Zea mays L.) for enhancing the growth and productivity under varied plant populations in the hot and moist sub-humid region of Odisha

In developing countries like India, a cereal-based cropping system is one of the important practices, having a significant role in food security and the country’s economy. Among the cereal crops cultivated in India, maize is one among them having a huge market demand, and yield potential and can perform under various agroclimatic conditions. In the cultivation of cereal crops like maize, input optimization and intensification of farming by altering plant population are highly essential for agricultural sustainability as well as crop productivity. Nutrients can be efficiently applied through site site-specific approach by using a decision support system, namely, Nutrient Expert (NE) rather application of a recommended dose for an agroclimatic region. Considering the above fact, the research was carried out in the rabi season of 2022-2023 at the Post Graduate Research Farm ofCenturion University of Technology and Management (23?38' N latitude and 87?42' E longitude) in Odisha. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with different spacings and NE-based nutrient recommendations. The main factor consisted of 3 different spacings and 4 different nutrient recommendations were considered in sub-plots. The recommended dose of fertilizer for maize was 120-60-60 kg ha-1 of N: P2O5:K2O respectively. The results of the experiment revealed that the highest plant height (249 cm), dry matter accumulation (1556 g m-2), leaf area (5674 cm2 plant-1), grain yield (6362 kg ha-1), and stover yield (9334 kg ha-1) were obtained in 60 cm × 15 cm spacing. The NE-based nutrient management for a target yield for 10 t ha-1 recorded the highest values in terms of growth attributes, yield attributes, and yield of maize. The experiment concluded that providing fertilizers through NE-based nutrient recommendation for a target yield of 10 t ha-1 with a spacing of 60 cm × 15cm can be considered for obtaining better growth, yield attributes, and yield of maize.

Impact and transmission mechanism of digital economy on agricultural energy carbon emission reduction

The digital economy is a powerful driver for accelerating economic growth and an innovative approach to promoting high-quality agricultural development. Utilizing panel data encompassing 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2011 to 2021, this paper quantifies the development level of digital economy and agricultural energy carbon emission intensity, and examines the impact and mechanism of digital economy on agricultural energy carbon emission intensity. The results reveal that: (1) Distinct regional disparities exist in both the development level of the digital economy and the carbon emission intensity of agricultural energy across China from 2011 to 2021, although an overall decreasing trend is observed; (2) The development of digital economy has a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural energy carbon emission intensity, and this conclusion remains robust after a series of tests; (3) Digital economy development can mitigate agricultural energy carbon emission intensity by alleviating misallocation of agricultural capital and promoting green technology innovation. In addition, there are significant regional differences in the impact of the digital economy on the carbon intensity of agricultural energy. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the environmental governance implications of the digital economy in agriculture and offer valuable guidance for the effective application of digital technologies towards achieving agricultural emission reduction goals.

Looking for the ecological transition of Mediterranean small ruminant sector. Characterization and main drivers of environmental performance of the Sardinian sheep farming systems

A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study was carried out to assess the environmental profile of the main Sardinian dairy sheep farming systems, with the scope to provide a detailed and robust baseline for the identification of effective mitigation solutions at farm level and to develop environmental strategies at regional scale. Both product- and area-based functional units (FUs) were adopted, considering sixteen impact categories and soil carbon sequestration estimates as well. Water Use, Climate Change, Land Use, Ecotoxicity Freshwater, Marine Eutrophication and Fossils Resource Use resulted the main impact categories, cumulatively contributing over 80% of the total environmental impact (single score). Environmental performances significantly varied according to the geo-pedological traits of the different sheep milk production areas and were driven by the farming systems’ structure and production level. The group of farms located in less fertile areas showed significantly worse environmental performance per kg of normalized milk for the impact categories Climate Change and Land Use, whereas no significant differences were observed for the remaining main impact categories. Considering the area-based FU, this farm group resulted less impacting for all main categories compared to the group of farms located in more plain and productive soils, with a significantly lower impact observed for Marine Eutrophication and Fossils Resource Use. Regardless of the FU used, feed supply management represented a key area of improvement, and soil carbon sequestration impact compensated the high GHG emission intensity of grassland-based farms despite the limited nutritional value of natural pasture. Regional strategies should be based on ecosystem services optimization and eco-innovative solutions tailored according to both the specific geo-pedological conditions and the production level of each farming system.

Soil-Microbial Interactions in Rice-Loach-Shrimp Integrated Farming: Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Intensification

Ecological intensification of agriculture is crucial for sustainable food production, yet the complex soil-microbial interactions in integrated farming systems remain poorly understood. This five-year study compared a Rice-Loach-Shrimp (RLS) integrated system with conventional Rice Monoculture (RM) using advanced multivariate techniques, including correlation analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Random Forest modeling, and Structural Equation Modeling. The RLS system exhibited higher values for key soil health indicators compared to RM, although the overall correlation patterns were similar. Stronger correlations among soil organic matter, enzyme activities, and microbial populations were observed in RLS, suggesting a more tightly coupled soil ecosystem. Available phosphorus and soil organic matter were identified as primary drivers of microbial community structure. The RLS system showed a slightly higher mean pH and weaker correlations between pH and other indicators compared to RM, indicating potential altered biogeochemical processes. Complex cascading effects among soil properties, enzyme activities, and microbial populations were revealed in RLS. These soil health benefits persisted throughout the study period, demonstrating the potential of RLS as an effective ecological intensification strategy for sustainable rice production.

Spatiotemporal distribution, risk levels, and transport variations in neonicotinoids and fipronil and its metabolites cross a river-to-sea continuum

Neonicotinoids (NEOs) and fipronil are widely used in pest control, but their spatiotemporal distribution and risk levels in the “river–estuary–bay” system remain unclear. Between 2018 and 2021, 148 water samples from rivers to inshore and offshore seawater in Laizhou Bay, China were collected to investigate the presence of eight NEOs and fipronil and its metabolites (FIPs). Significant seasonal variations in NEOs were observed under the influence of different cultivation practices and climatic conditions, with higher levels in the summer than in the spring. The average concentrations of total neonicotinoids (ΣNEOs) and ∑FIPs decreased from rivers (63.64 ng/L, 2.41 ng/L) to inshore (22.62 ng/L, 0.14 ng/L) and offshore (4.48 ng/L, 0.10 ng/L) seawater of Laizhou Bay. The average concentrations of ΣNEOs decreased by 85.3 % from 2018 to 2021. The predominant insecticides in the study area were acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and fipronil sulfone, with a gradual shift toward low-toxicity and environmentally friendly species over time. Influenced by agricultural intensity, ∑NEOs were mostly distributed in the Yellow River, Xiaoqing River, and their estuaries, where they pose chronic ecological risks. However, FIP exhibited high risk in certain rivers and sewage treatment plants owing to the use of animal repellents or landscape gardening insecticides. This study provides evidence of the transfer of NEOs and FIPs from rivers to the ocean and also clarifies their transition dynamics and changes in risk levels from rivers to oceans. Additionally, the study offers data support for identifying critical pesticide control areas.

Coupled analysis of arable land input intensity and output intensity based on sliding windows

Sustainable intensification (SI) of agriculture can produce more food to meet the demand of a growing population while considering ecosystem health. The current SI estimation framework ignores the complex coupling between input and output intensity of arable land. A method for coupled analysis of arable land input intensity and output intensity based on sliding windows is proposed. By calculating the correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficient between input intensity and output intensity in different value ranges as the order parameter, the phase transition and the influence process of input intensity on output intensity can be explained. Meanwhile, a python-based framework is developed.An application of the method was made to reveal the interaction process between annual provincial input intensity and output intensity in mainland China. Researchers in many fields may benefit from the method by obtaining a fast way to analysis the coupling relationship between driving and dependent variables in complex systems.•New method for SI estimation is presented.•The order parameter of the coupling relationship between input and output intensity is calculated based on sliding windows.•Analysis of coupling relationships between driving and dependent variables in complex systems.

Seasonal movements of small-island birds along habitat and elevation gradients highlights the conservation value of small-scale agroforests

Knowledge on species distributions and seasonal movement patterns within landscapes is important for understanding their ecology and roles in agroecosystems, and is critical for enabling their effective conservation and monitoring, particularly in small-island states where conservation resources are limited. We undertook bird surveys to examine species distributions across a range of agricultural land-use intensities and elevations on the Caribbean island of Grenada by collecting data over 6 repeated monthly surveys (3 wet season, 3 dry season) at sites located in a variety of habitats spread over 6–300 m elevation. We observed a gradual upslope increase in bird species diversity and abundance from the mid-wet season to the late-dry season, as well as a movement from reduced-canopy habitats to closed-canopy habitats in the dry season. The mid-elevation hillsides of Grenada consist of a diverse mosaic of closed canopy secondary forest patches, interspersed among more open agroforests and small-scale cropping and grazed areas. These agroecosystems appear to provide important habitats to birds throughout the year, especially open canopy agroforests in the wet season. We also found that open mixed agroforests contained a greater diversity of fruit, flower, and seed resources than closed canopy habitats such as secondary forest, cacao agroforests, young secondary forests, or dry forest scrub; and that plant food diversity was highest in the wet season. However, bird abundance significantly increased in closed canopy forest habitats during the dry season, suggesting that intact canopy forests provide important dry season habitat for many Grenadian birds, which may be particularly important for species in drier lowland areas experiencing more intensive agricultural land use and urban and resort development. Overall, this research demonstrates the importance of maintaining the functional connectivity of treed habitats at local and landscape scales for species conservation, as well as the contribution of diverse, small-scale agriculture to maintaining small-island bird communities.

Assessment of risk intensity in the triffa plain aquifer: Integration of hazard quantification, land use analysis, dynamic vulnerability GCITF, and DRASTIC method

This study aims to assess the level of groundwater pollution risk in the Triffa Plain, stemming from various pollution sources, with a specific focus on agricultural intensification and excessive pesticide use. Data were collected from ABHM (the Moulouya Hydraulic Basin Agency) and ORMVAM (Regional Office of Moulouya Agricultural Development), and a field visit was conducted in July 2023. The study utilized two main methodologies for mapping risk intensity: the COST 620 action and overlaying vulnerability maps with the land use (LU) factor. Vulnerability maps were generated using the original DRASTIC method and the new dynamic vulnerability assessment method, GCITF.The research approach involved comparing the COST 620 risk index (Ri) and the land use risk index (LU) to identify the most suitable method for the study area. Due to challenges in inventorying various point sources of pollution, the study focused on mapping the primary sources of pollution (diffuse, point, and linear). The key findings indicate that the predominant pollution intensity in the region is high, covering 60.66% of the total surface area. These results closely align with those obtained using the European COST 620 approach and the spatial distribution of nitrates. The study demonstrates the reliability of integrating the GCITF method in assessing groundwater contamination risk, highlighting the significant negative impacts of agricultural activities on the Triffa Plain aquifer, primarily due to uncontrolled pesticide and fertilizer use and point sources of pollution.This study suggests that implementing targeted technical solutions for specific pollution sources is crucial for reducing contamination in the Triffa Plain. These pollution risk intensity maps can assist planners and decision-makers in understanding the origin of pollution and identifying necessary actions to minimize contamination risk, contributing to better groundwater management and protection in the region.

Sustainable (balanced) land use development is the basic foundation for the formation of Ukraine’s land system

The article examines the key aspects of sustainable land use as a foundation for the effective development of rural areas and communities. Balanced land use should be viewed through the lens of land management development and the implementation of integrated land resource management. The excessive intensification of agriculture and the rapid expansion of cities lead to the loss of beneficial land functions, causing land degradation. The study assessed the ecological stability of territories and revealed an unsatisfactory state of ecological stability in Ukraine, associated with the high level of land plowing (68.4%). It is noted that preserving and restoring land as a unique natural resource requires active intervention by government bodies to stimulate measures for the protection and restoration of land resources through the implementation of effective environmental initiatives. Due to progressing erosion, approximately 40–50 billion hryvnias are lost annually. It is proposed to develop a conceptual strategy for enhancing the ecological sustainability of land management at the legislative level, as well as during the reform of land relations, with a focus on the ecological reorganization of the land management system in the country, regions, and newly established territorial communities. Ecologically sustainable land use is possible only with the implementation of scientific and technological advancements and the orientation of the economy towards ecological principles at the national, regional, and local levels. Sustainable land use development means not only the effective utilization of land resources but also the creation of an appropriate land institutional structure and a favorable environment for land resource management, as well as the formation of social relations that promote the rational use of ecosystems while maintaining a balance between environmental, economic, and social components. In recent years, the practice of farming under market conditions has confirmed that the productivity and efficiency of agricultural activities primarily depend on the effective use of agricultural land. Modern research presents various approaches to identifying factors that influence the efficiency of agricultural land use. It should be noted that effective land use in agricultural enterprises must be combined with economic efficiency in land management. One of the important ways to achieve this is by enhancing the operation of agricultural producers, as well as improving the mechanism based on the integration of ecological and economic components, which ensure the quality use of agricultural land.

Complex temporal trends in biomass and abundance of Diptera communities driven by the impact of agricultural intensity

Complex temporal trends in biomass and abundance of Diptera communities driven by the impact of agricultural intensity

Peasant perception of beekeeping constraints and practices in large honey production areas in Burkina Faso

BackgroundIn recent decades, agricultural landscapes have been profoundly modified due to the intensification of agriculture, therefore leading to significant disturbances in all components of biodiversity. A survey on the knowledge of beekeeping realities and the use of phytosanitary products in areas of high honey production in Burkina Faso was carried out. Beekeeping realities design the state of beekeeping activities in the study localities.MethodsThe objective of this survey was to characterize Beekeeping operations and to assess the level of knowledge of beekeepers on the effects of the use of phytosanitary products through different beekeeping and agricultural practices. In this sense, 113 farmer beekeepers from the Boucle du Mouhoun, Hauts-Bassins and Nord regions in Burkina Faso were surveyed about their different beekeeping practices.ResultsThe results obtained indicated that beekeeping is a secondary activity (96.47%) and is mainly practiced by men (90.27%). The respondents have mostly an average of 22 traditional hives. The majority of beekeepers have not received training (84.07%) on the hazards of plant protection products on their beekeeping farms. However, a large amount of beekeepers (70.73%) acknowledged that the use of plant protection products could be harmful to their activity. Hives are usually installed in or near the fields. The plant protection products used for crop protection are herbicides (27%), insecticides (23%), fungicides (8%), but especially mixed (42%).ConclusionThe results show that beekeeping in Burkina Faso remains traditional and is practiced for sociocultural reasons. The use of pesticides close to beekeeping could play a role in bee colony collapse taking place in these regions. Training beekeepers on the dangers of the chemicals they use in fields near hives is therefore essential.

Can digital financial inclusion converge the regional agricultural carbon emissions intensity gap?

To explore whether digital finance can reduce agricultural carbon emissions, promote regional convergence, and foster inclusivity in rural revitalization and shared prosperity, this paper uses the provincial-level index of digital financial inclusion to analyze the impact of digital financial inclusion on the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions and the Degum Gini coefficient (D-Gini coefficient) of regional carbon emission intensity in 30 sample provinces from 2010 to 2020. It examines the mechanism of the impact of digital financial inclusion on both variables to understand the underlying factors better. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Digital financial inclusion significantly reduces the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions and narrows the gap in carbon emission intensity between regions. (2) The unconditional quantile regression coefficients show that the negative coefficients of the digital financial inclusion index and the three-dimensional indices decrease with increasing quantiles. However, the significant effects vary significantly at different quantiles. (3) Technological progress and the government's ability to allocate financial resources play a significant mediating role, and the income gap between urban and rural areas can be further narrowed, as well as the carbon emission intensity gap between provinces. The empirical results are robust and proven by replacing the econometric analysis method, changing the core variables, and other methods.

An Innovative Prototype to Measure Carbon Dioxide, Ethylene, and Nitric and Nitrous Oxides in the Soil Air

ABSTRACT Agricultural intensification has increased the consumption of inputs, mainly fertilizers, which may increase emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The improvement of our knowledge on GHG dynamics in the soil is mandatory to optimize the use of fertilizers and reduce environmental impacts. We developed an electronic sensor prototype based on Arduino to monitor concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), ethylene (C2H4), ammonia (NH3), and nitrogen oxides (N2O/NOx) in the soil air in a greenhouse experiment with soybean (Glycine max L.) under two treatments: single inoculation (Bradyrhizobium spp.) or triple co-inoculation (Bradyrhizobium spp. Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens) in a completely randomized design. One-way analysis of variance, as well as correlation between plant traits at 35 days of emergence and the average daily concentration of gases in the soil air were performed. Although not affecting plant growth or yield-related traits, co-inoculation increased CO2, while decreased NOx concentrations compared with single inoculation, whereas C2H4 emission changed with the plant growth stage. Although co-inoculation increased respiration, decreased N losses by denitrification, mitigating the total emissions of GHG. The prototype showed to be efficient for monitoring GHG across the experiment at a low cost and easy use, contributing for monitoring GHG concentrations in the soil air.

Long‐distance movements, large population sizes and density‐dependent dispersal in three threatened butterfly species

Abstract This study investigates the ecology of three threatened butterfly species on a 60 km2 site in Gotland, Southeast Sweden, using mark–recapture methods from 2017 to 2020. Nearly 30,000 captures were recorded, with average lifespans of 6 days for Euphydryas aurinia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and 2 days for Phengaris arion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Population size, density and maximum flight distances varied between species, with E. aurinia at 7.2 km, P. apollo at 6.4 km and P. arion at 2.5 km. Movement data showed the lognormal kernel fit better than gamma, negative exponential and half‐normal kernels for distance travelled per time unit across species and sexes. Generalised linear models revealed significant positive density‐dependent emigration and negative density‐dependent immigration in all three species. Despite available suitable habitats, these species face threats from limestone quarry expansions, agricultural intensification, modified forestry practices, natural succession and climate change, highlighting the need for proactive conservation and strategic habitat management.

Military Agricultural Reclamation: Strategic Land-Use Change to Remake Unruly Desert Borders

This article outlines the social, political, and environmental conditions under which states engage in strategic agricultural development along desert borders and what these developments achieve for the state. We focus on how national governments employ state-led agricultural reclamation, expansion, or intensification in deserts to produce and territorialize borders and discuss how these projects fall short. We apply theories of state power and legibility to analyze three military agricultural sites on the China–Kazakhstan, Egypt–Sudan, and Israel–Egypt–Gaza borders, each of which exemplifies strategic desert borderland agricultural development. These sites have geopolitical significance due to their history of territorial disputes, potential for ethnic conflict, and access to strategically important natural resources. By drawing on commonalities between these sites, we find that these developments achieve multiple goals for states, including demarcating territorial boundaries, increasing legibility of peripheral borderlands, and demonstrating control over difficult terrains. We also outline how these projects fall short of totally remaking borderlands due to social, political, and environmental limitations.

Pest management facing warming and chemical stresses: Multi-stress effects on the biological agent Trichogramma oleae

Global change is affecting plant-insect interactions in agroecosystems and can have dramatic consequences on yields when causing non-targeted pest outbreaks and threatening the use of pest natural enemies for biocontrol. The vineyard agroecosystem is an interesting system to study multi-stress conditions: on the one hand, agricultural intensification comes with high inputs of copper-based fungicides and, on the other hand, temperatures are rising due to climate change. We investigated interactive and bottom-up effects of both temperature increase and copper-based fungicides exposure on the important Lepidopteran vineyard pest Lobesia botrana and its natural enemy, the oophagous parasitoid Trichogramma oleae. We exposed L. botrana larvae to three increasing copper sulfate concentrations under two fluctuating thermal regimes, one current and one future. Eggs produced by L. botrana were then exposed to T. oleae. Our results showed that the survival of L. botrana, was only reduced by the highest copper sulfate concentration and improved under the warmer regime. The development time of L. botrana was strongly reduced by the warmer regime but increased with increasing copper sulfate concentrations, whereas pupal mass was reduced by both thermal regime and copper sulfate. T. oleae F1 emergence rate was reduced and their development time increased by combined effects of the warmer regime and increasing copper sulfate concentrations. Size, longevity and fecundity of T. oleae F1 decreased with high copper sulfate concentrations. These effects on the moth pest and its natural enemy are probably the result of trade-offs between the survival and the development of L. botrana facing multi-stress conditions and implicate potential consequences for future biological pest control. Our study supplies valuable data on how the interaction between pests and biological control agents is affected by multi-stress conditions.

Climate Resilient Agriculture: Enhancing Agricultural Sustainability in the Face of Climate Change Scenario

The increasing demands of a growing population pose a serious danger to global food and nutritional security due to the detrimental impacts of climate change on crop growth and agricultural production, both in terms of quantity and quality. Climate change impacts on income, livelihoods, and population health are directly related to factors including increasing temperatures, erratic rainfall, and extreme weather events. Agronomic practices that are robust to climate change have the potential to improve the current state of matters, maintain agricultural productivity globally, especially in a sustainable way, and accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Agricultural scientists are anticipated to be crucial in this scenario in advancing the shift to climate-resilient agriculture (CRA), enhancing the conversion of conventional to sustainable food systems, and serving as liaisons between farmer practices and technological developments. In this study, we offer a road map for increased agricultural sustainability that includes the efficient application of technological advancement, policies and plan that will support the intensification of sustainable agriculture and climate resilience.

Does Rural Labor Transfer Impact Chinese Agricultural Carbon Emission Efficiency? A Substitution Perspective of Agricultural Machinery

In this paper, referring to Kaya’s method, the ratio of gross agricultural production (GAP) and agricultural carbon emission is defined as agricultural carbon emission efficiency (ACEE). Considering rural labor transfer (RLT) increases the agricultural machinery intensity (AMI), the two are substitutes for each other and may interact with agricultural carbon emission efficiency (ACEE). We constructed a Simultaneous Equations Model (SEM) of ACEE, RLT and AMI and analyzed the interaction mechanism of these three variables using the Three-Stage Least Squares (3SLS). The following conclusions are drawn. First, RLT and AMI significantly promote the improvement of ACEE, while the improvement of ACEE and AMI further promotes RLT. Secondly, the causal relationship and influence mechanism of ACEE, RLT and AMI are interactive and multi-directional. For example, an increase in AMI promotes ACEE, but an increase in ACEE inhibits an increase in AMI. Finally, China has significant regional heterogeneity, and different regions have different interaction mechanisms. Local governments should consider the local economic base and technological level when implementing policies. This paper extends the analytical framework of ACEE, RLT, and AMI and provides a reference for governments to make policies.

Influence of agricultural intensification on pollinator pesticide exposure, food acquisition and diversity

Abstract Pollinators are essential for maintaining sustainable crop production, while the decline of pollinators is a widespread concern. Agricultural intensification is one of the primary drivers of the decline of insect pollinators. Agricultural intensification usually involves a decreasing of non‐crop semi‐natural habitat and an increasing of pesticide exposure for pollinators. However, causal links between agricultural intensification, increased pesticide exposure, and reduced pollinator's food sources and pollinator diversity remain underexplored. We assessed pollinator diversity across a landscape gradient where the proportion of rice ranged from 11% to 85% in South China. We placed honeybee (Apis mellifera) and mason bee (Osmia excavata) in these landscapes and investigated pesticide exposure in honeybee foragers and pollen, and in mason bee pollen and nesting materials. We also assessed the acquisition of food by mason bees. We found a higher frequency of pesticide detection in honeybee foragers and honeybee pollen samples in areas with a higher proportion of rice fields. There was a strong positive relationship between mason bee food acquisition and the proportion of semi‐natural habitats, while no significant effects of pesticide exposure on pollinator diversity were found in addition to the effect of semi‐natural habitat. Synthesis and applications: Our results suggest that pollinator communities could be at an increased risk of pesticide exposure due to intensified agriculture, while the negative impact on pollinator diversity mainly results from the loss of habitat and/or reduced food sources. This study highlights the importance of conserving semi‐natural habitat to mitigate the causes of decline in pollinator diversity. We also recommend long‐term, multi‐year studies to further understand the mechanisms behind the loss of pollinators in farming landscapes.

The Assessment of Biodiversity Changes and Sustainable Agricultural Development in The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of China

In the face of a series of challenges, such as climate change, population growth, and agricultural intensification, as well as the issue of how to promote sustainable development and guarantee food security, biodiversity, with its unique genetic, ecological, and traditional socio-cultural values, has become an important way to solve this dilemma. Urban biodiversity has continued to decline in recent decades due to rapid urbanization. The agroecosystem health of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, a typical urban agglomeration economic area, is facing a critical situation. Therefore, assessing the potential of ecosystem diversity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and exploring the assessment mechanisms and methods of ecosystem health can provide theoretical support for biodiversity conservation and utilization. In this thesis, the overall ecosystem health of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was assessed based on the land cover data from 1992 to 2022 and the projected land cover data up to 2032, as well as using the habitat quality indicated by the Fragstats and InVEST models and the landscape pattern index, habitat quality, and mean species abundance (MSA) indicators of the GLOBIO module. The main results are as follows: Habitat quality and mean species abundance (MSA) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were observed to show a continuous downward trend over 40 years from a landscape level perspective, and landscape fragmentation due to urbanization was the main reason. Habitat loss and habitat degradation caused by landscape fragmentation led to a decline in biodiversity. The spatial distribution of habitat quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is closely correlated with topography and landscape, being higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast, forming a clear spatial pattern that declined from 0.599 to 0.564 between 1992 and 2032. The mean species richness (MSA) value of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is significantly affected by infrastructure, especially road construction. With the continuous expansion of the road network, the MSA values in the region generally show a decreasing trend from 0.270 to 0.183 between 1992 and 2032. Based on the above results, it is recommended to carry out several aspects of agrobiodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration.