Agricultural Production Research Articles

Genomic insights into Verticillium: a review of progress in the genomics era.

Genomics has emerged as a great tool in enhancing our understanding of the biology of Verticillium species and their interactions with the host plants. Through different genomic approaches, researchers have gained insights into genes, pathways and virulence factors that play crucial roles in both Verticillium pathogenesis and the defense responses of their host organisms. This review emphasizes the significance of genomics in uncovering the mechanisms that underlie pathogenicity, virulence, and host resistance in Verticillium fungi. Our goal is to summarize recent discoveries in Verticillium research highlighting progress made in comprehending the biology and interactions of Verticillium fungi. The integration of genomics into Verticillium studies has the potential to open avenues for developing strategies to control diseases and produce crop varieties resistant to verticillium, thereby offering sustainable solutions for enhancing agricultural productivity.

The influence of drugs containing gluconolactone on the morphological parameters of the blood of rabbits

The work is devoted to the issues of using polyhydroxy acids in rabbit breeding. Antioxidants are extremely important compounds for living organisms. The authors considered the effect of gluconolactone used in the animal diet on the metabolic processes and physiological indicators of life activity of rabbits. Based on the studies (using gluconolactone as an example), the advisability of including supplements containing polyhydroxy acids in the rabbit diet is shown. Polyhydroxy acids, which are antioxidants, when regularly introduced with feed, help to increase the overall resistance of the body, stimulate the growth and healthy development of animals, which in turn leads to obtaining high-quality agricultural products. Rabbits, like other animals, can obtain antioxidants from plant foods, but their concentration may be insufficient for full protection against oxidative stress. To stabilize feed rations, various biologically active additives are used, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of animal rearing and improve productivity indicators. Thus, polyhydroxy acids, in particular gluconolactone, are well suited for sensitive animals that require the utmost care and gentle rearing.

Manganese: From Soil to Human Health—A Comprehensive Overview of Its Biological and Environmental Significance

Background: Manganese is an essential micronutrient that plays a pivotal role in environmental systems, plant physiology, and human health. This review comprehensively examines the manganese cycle in the environment, its absorption and transport mechanisms in plants, and the implications of manganese exposure to human health. Objectives: The objectives of this review are to (i) analyze the environmental cycling of manganese and its bioavailability, (ii) evaluate the role of manganese in plant metabolism and disease resistance, and (iii) assess the impact of manganese toxicity and deficiency on human health. Conclusion: This review highlights that while manganese is crucial for photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and resistance to plant diseases, both its deficiency and toxicity can have severe consequences. In plants, manganese deficiency can lead to impaired growth and reduced crop yields, while toxicity, particularly in acidic soils, can inhibit photosynthesis and stunt development. In humans, manganese is necessary for various physiological processes, but overexposure, especially in occupational settings, can result in neurodegenerative conditions such as manganism. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of managing manganese levels in agriculture and industry to optimize its benefits while minimizing health risks. A multidisciplinary approach is advocated to enhance agricultural productivity and ensure public health safety.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Cold Tolerance Mechanism in Honeybees (Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan).

Honeybees are important pollinators worldwide that are closely related to agricultural production and ecological balance. The biological activities and geographical distribution of honeybees are strongly influenced by temperature. However, there is not much research on the cold tolerance of honeybees. The Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan, a kind of western honeybee, exhibits strong cold hardiness. Here, we determined that short-term temperature treatment could regulate the honeybee's cold tolerance ability by measuring the supercooling point of A. m. sinisxinyuan treated with different temperatures. Transcriptome data were analyzed between the treated and untreated honeybees. A total of 189 differentially expressed genes were identified. Among them, Abra, Pla1, rGC, Hr38, and Maf were differentially expressed in all comparisons. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the DEGs were enriched in molecular functions related to disease, signal transduction, metabolism, and the endocrine system's function. The main components involved were ribosomes, nucleosomes, proteases, and phosphokinases, among others. This study explored the formation and regulation mechanism of cold tolerance in honeybees, not only providing a theoretical basis for cultivating honeybees with excellent traits but also promoting research and practice on insect stress tolerance.

Optimization Algorithm of Network Node Layout of Fresh Agricultural Products’ Online Consumption Behavior in E-Commerce Environment

In order to improve the efficiency of online consumption and supply chain efficiency of fresh agricultural products in the e-commerce environment, a network node layout optimization algorithm was designed. In the e-commerce environment, a network node deployment model has been constructed for the online consumption behavior of fresh agricultural products. A network transmission supply chain detection model was established through the rotation scheduling method. By combining distributed transformation protocols, the spatial layout characteristics of network nodes have been reorganized. Further introduction of a multi-coverage scheduling model, combined with sensor information fusion tracking technology, accurately detects the layout characteristics of network nodes. Based on these detection data, forwarding and adaptive control protocols were developed. Real-time control using the node traversal method was developed. Under the optimal node supply chain transmission mechanism, the scheduling of the network node layout has been achieved. Meanwhile, convolutional neural networks were utilized to dynamically adjust layout control to ensure convergence and stability. The simulation results show that the node forwarding ability of the network node layout design for online consumption behavior of fresh agricultural products in the e-commerce environment is good, which improves the output balance of the network supply chain transmission of online consumption behavior of fresh agricultural products in the e-commerce environment. In addition, the optimized delivery cost decreased by 20% compared to before optimization, delivery efficiency increased by 30%, and inventory turnover rate increased by 25%, confirming that the proposed method has good optimization performance.

Research on the Development Path of Rural E-Commerce in Supporting Rural Revitalization

With the rapid development of information technology, rural e-commerce is playing an increasingly important role in promoting rural economic growth, increasing farmers' incomes, and driving rural revitalization. This paper begins by defining rural e-commerce and analyzing its characteristics, current development status both domestically and internationally, and exploring the close connection between e-commerce and rural revitalization. By investigating multiple development paths through which rural e-commerce supports rural revitalization-including industrial structure optimization, market expansion for agricultural products, development of rural human resources, and improvement of information infrastructure—this paper reveals the critical role of rural e-commerce in achieving the goals of rural revitalization. Additionally, it presents relevant policy recommendations and solutions to the challenges faced by rural e-commerce development while forecasting future trends in rural e-commerce.

Effects of Combined Biochar and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Soil Fertility and Properties: A Two-Year Pot Experiment

A two-year pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the combined application of biochar and chemical fertilizer on soil quality and vegetable growth by adding different proportions of chemical fertilizer and biochar to the soil in 2022 and no fertilizer in 2023. It was concluded that the combined treatment improved the soil’s properties. After two consecutive years of planting vegetables, the improvement of soil properties was the most significant with the 1.5 g biochar + 80% chemical fertilizer optimal fertilizer application (BCF6) treatment. In comparison to the control (CK), soil pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved organic carbon increased by 0.59 units, 166.6%, and 282.6%, respectively. Soil fertility also improved significantly, indicating that the combined treatments resulted in the slow release of nutrients to enhance the effectiveness of the fertilizers. Co-application significantly increased the yield of the edible parts of Chinese cabbage and improved its quality. The most significant effects of vitamin C content and soluble protein were observed in Chinese cabbage under BCF6 treatment, which were 3.33 and 1.42 times more than the CK, respectively. Utilizing biochar as a partial substitute for chemical fertilizers can improve soil structure and fertility over the long term while reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers, ultimately providing sustained economic and ecological benefits for agricultural production.

Modeling and chewing parameters calibration of Euryale ferox based on discrete element method.

Euryale ferox was chosen for this study to examine its mechanical properties during chewing. Experiments and the discrete element method were used to conduct the study. Initially, the intrinsic and contact parameters of E. ferox were established through physical tests. The maximum compressive force of breakage and chewing mechanical properties (hardness, springiness, and chewiness) were measured using a texture profile analyzer (TPA). A Hertz-Mindlin with bonding model of the E. ferox was constructed. Optimal values for significant factors, including the normal stiffness per unit area, shear stiffness per unit area, and bonding radius, were obtained through single-factor, Plackett-Burman, steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken response surface tests, with the maximum compressive force as the index. Under optimal parameter combination conditions, the relative error between the simulated and experimental values of the maximum compressive force was 0.79%, and the relative errors between the simulated and TPA test values of all indicators were less than 5.65%. This study provides a valuable reference for simulating the textural characteristics of agricultural products.

Understanding of Plant Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Application to Molecular Breeding.

Soil salinization is a widespread hindrance that endangers agricultural production and ecological security. High salt concentrations in saline soils are primarily caused by osmotic stress, ionic toxicity and oxidative stress, which have a negative impact on plant growth and development. In order to withstand salt stress, plants have developed a series of complicated physiological and molecular mechanisms, encompassing adaptive changes in the structure and function of various plant organs, as well as the intricate signal transduction networks enabling plants to survive in high-salinity environments. This review summarizes the recent advances in salt perception under different tissues, physiological responses and signaling regulations of plant tolerance to salt stress. We also examine the current knowledge of strategies for breeding salt-tolerant plants, including the applications of omics technologies and transgenic approaches, aiming to provide the basis for the cultivation of salt-tolerant crops through molecular breeding. Finally, future research on the application of wild germplasm resources and muti-omics technologies to discover new tolerant genes as well as investigation of crosstalk among plant hormone signaling pathways to uncover plant salt tolerance mechanisms are also discussed in this review.

Trichoderma Rhizosphere Soil Improvement: Regulation of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Saline–Alkali Soil in Semi-Arid Region and Its Effect on the Microbial Community Structure of Maize Roots

In order to reduce the actual impact of a saline–alkali environment on maize production in semi-arid areas, it is particularly important to use the combined fertilization strategy of Trichoderma microbial fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer combined with Trichoderma on improving the structural characteristics and ecological functions of maize rhizosphere microbial community in semi-arid saline–alkali soil. Through the microbiome analysis of maize rhizosphere soil samples with 60 kg N·ha−1 (N1) and 300 kg N·ha−1 (N2) nitrogen fertilizer combined with Trichoderma (T1) and without Trichoderma (T0), we found that the combination of Trichoderma and different concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected the structure of bacterial and fungal communities. The results of this study showed that the combination of Trichoderma and low-concentration nitrogen fertilizer (N1T1) could improve soil nutritional status and enhance its productivity potential, revealing the relationship between beneficial and harmful fungal genera, microbial diversity and abundance, and crop biomass, which is of great significance for improving agricultural production efficiency and sustainable development.

Lifetime minimally invasive assessment of iron in the pig liver

Microelements are an integral part of the mammalian body, and their content in organs and tissues is associated with other components of a complex biological system. Based on this, it is feasible to evaluate the concentration of specific chemical elements within the structures of the body in non-invasive or minimally invasive methods. The meat and by-products of farm animals serve as a readily assimilateable source of iron, which is one of the reasons for potentially defining the quality of agricultural products in conditions of widespread iron deficiency. Landrace pigs were raised in standard conditions at an industrial complex located in the Altai Territory in order to fatten up to a live weight of 100 kg. Venous blood was collected using the acute method from the jugular vein in accordance with the principles of asepsis and pre-analytical guidelines. The hematologic and biochemical examination of the blood and serum of animals was performed by apparatus. After slaughter, liver samples were collected, and the method of atomic emission spectral analysis using inductively coupled plasma on iCAP-PRO equipment (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used to estimate the iron level in them. To manipulate the data, Microsoft Office Excel software and RStudio data analysis environment version 2023.03.1 (RStudio, PBC) were employed. For regression analysis, the least squares approach was used. The model was fitted using a stepwise selection of predictors in both directions using the Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, and adjusted coefficient of determination. The linear regression assumptions were evaluated. The final regression model used for determining iron levels in pig liver contains mean hemoglobin content in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and serum inorganic phosphorus as predictors. There is no evidence that there is multicollinearity between the predictors of the final model. The proposed model satisfies the requirements for a normal distribution of residuals, the absence of their correlation, and influential observations. The proposed multiple regression model has the capability to estimate iron levels in pig liver in vivo for various purposes.

How does output price risk influence agricultural energy consumption? Evidence from China’s lychee market

ABSTRACT Agricultural price risk plays a critical role in shaping farmer behaviours. However, existing studies offer little evidence of how output price risk influences energy-related behaviours in agricultural production. In this study, we investigate the impact of output price risk on agricultural energy consumption by leveraging nationally representative data of lychee farmers with daily prices across the supply chain in China. Our findings robustly demonstrate that an increase in output price risk positively affects agricultural households’ energy expenditures. Additionally, we find that the effects of output price risk are more salient among samples of diesel consumption, small-scale households, and less-educated households. Furthermore, the mechanism analysis documents that output price risk significantly increases the likelihood of participating in the non-farm occupation, as well as adopting energy-powered production technologies and productive fixed assets.

A Review of the Application of the Laser-Light Backscattering Imaging Technique to Agricultural Products

Growing concerns about food safety and waste have increased consumer demand for high-quality agricultural products, particularly at the postharvest stage. This demand has prompted the development of non-destructive methods to assess or inspect the internal quality of fruits and vegetables. The backscattering imaging technique, also known as diffuse reflectance imaging, is considered a highly promising approach. Numerous studies have focused on practical applications, using laser light at selected wavelengths to develop quick multispectral methods. Due to the rapid interaction of photons with biological tissue, together with the highly computational performance of machine vision, backscattering imaging can offer a valuable alternative to traditional methods. Its primary benefits include quick measurements without chemical sample preparation, easy integration with high-throughput automatic quality control, and reduced waste, since this non-destructive technique does not damage samples. This review presents a comprehensive overview of backscattering imaging, including the measurement geometry, data analysis, and design considerations for vision systems. Additionally, it explores this technique’s advantages, challenges, and accuracy, as demonstrated using various case studies.

Remote Sensing and Field Data Analysis to Evaluate the Impact of Stone Bunds on Rainfed Agriculture in West Africa

This study evaluates the effectiveness of stone bunds in enhancing soil moisture, vegetation health, and crop yields in Ghana’s semi-arid Upper East Region, an important area for agricultural productivity in West Africa. In this region, agricultural practices are heavily impacted by erratic rainfall and poor soil moisture retention, threatening food security. Despite the known benefits of traditional soil conservation practices like stone bunds, their effectiveness in this context has not been fully quantified. Field and remote sensing data were used to evaluate the influence of stone bunds on soil moisture dynamics, vegetation growth, and crop yield. Experimental plots with and without stone bunds were monitored for climate, soil water infiltration, and soil moisture and analyzed using the NDVI from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery over two growing seasons under sorghum production (2022–2023). The results indicated that stone bunds enhanced soil moisture retention and increased infiltration rates. The NDVI analysis consistently revealed higher vegetation health and growth in the plots with stone bunds, particularly during critical growth periods. The intermediate results of the conducted experiment indicated that stone bunds increased sorghum yields by over 35% compared to the control plots. The substantial agronomic benefits of stone bunds as a soil and water conservation strategy were evident, improving soil water infiltration, water retention, vegetation health, and crop yields. The findings support the broader adoption of stone bunds in semi-arid regions to enhance agricultural productivity and resilience against climate variability. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term impacts and the integration of stone bunds with other sustainable farming practices to optimize rainfed agricultural outcomes.

Assessment of surface irrigation potential and crop water demand in Daramalo Wereda, southern Ethiopia

AbstractAssessing available water and land resources as well as their potential for surface irrigation use is vital for sustainable agricultural development and planning. Agricultural irrigation also plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and reducing poverty in Ethiopia. However, it is dominated by rain‐fed agriculture, with rainfall distribution and intensity vary spatially and temporally. Enhancing agricultural water management and irrigation has the potential to increase agricultural productivity. The objective of the study was to evaluate surface water potential and the irrigation water demand of Zage River sub‐watershed, which were estimated using hydrological model of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and CROPWAT8.0 software, respectively. Slope, soil type, drainage densities, land use/cover, and river proximity were the factors utilized to determine irrigation land suitability. A weighted overlay was completed, with 17.32% of irrigable lands found to be highly suitable, 41.29% moderately suitable, 37.61% marginally suitable, and 3.78% not suitable. The SWAT model result gave very good model performance indicator values of NE = 0.773 and R2 = 0.872 for calibration and NE = 0.771 & R2 = 0.945 for validation. The SWAT model result showed a total of 33.248 million m3 of surface runoff generated annually. Compared with irrigation water demand of 21.068 million m3, this suggests the watershed has high surface water potential for surface irrigation for selected crop types of the watershed. The findings of this research are relevant to improving local water management policies and practices and enable stakeholders to make decisions that enhance agricultural productivity and sustainable agricultural practices and help ensure the food security of local farmers.

Ratiometric electrochemical and impedimetric dual-mode aptasensor based on thionine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene/Pt and Au nanoparticle composites for reliable detection of aflatoxin B1

Rapid and reliable detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is critical in public health, food safety and environmental control. Herein, a ratiometric electrochemical (EC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) dual-mode aptasensing platform based on thionine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene/Pt and Au nanoparticle composites (MXene@Thi/PtAuNPs) was constructed for accurate and reliable detection of AFB1. The MXene@Thi/PtAuNPs composites were prepared by a facile and mild approach. The electroactive molecule Thi embedded in MXene could not only inhibit the aggregation of MXene nanosheets, but also act as an internal reference probe to form a ratiometric sensing strategy. The decoration of Pt and Au nanoparticles can further effectively enhance the conductivity and catalytic activity of the composites. The MXene@Thi/PtAuNPs composites were then served as a support to sequentially assemble hairpin DNA (hDNA) and ferrocene-labelled AFB1 aptamer (Fc-Apt) to construct the dual-mode sensor. The developed dual-mode sensor with both ratiometric EC detection (based on IThi/IFc) and EIS detection (based on Ret) can mutually verify the detection results obtained by two modes, offering more accurate and reliable results, which enabled sensitive and reliable AFB1 detection in the concentration range of 10.0 pg mL−1-30.0 ng mL−1 (ratiometric EC mode) and 3.0 pg mL−1-30.0 ng mL−1 (EIS mode), respectively. The sensing platform also demonstrated favorable selectivity, reproducibility and stability, and satisfactory applicability in corn sample, showing great potential in the sensing of mycotoxins in agricultural products.

Bacillus CotA laccase improved the intestinal health, amino acid metabolism and hepatic metabolic capacity of Pekin ducks fed naturally contaminated AFB1 diet

BackgroundAflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a prevalent contaminant in agricultural products, presenting significant risks to animal health. CotA laccase from Bacillus licheniformis has shown significant efficacy in degrading mycotoxins in vitro test. The efficacy of Bacillus CotA laccase in animals, however, remains to be confirmed. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used to investigate the effects of Bacillus CotA laccase level (0 or 1 U/kg), AFB1 challenge (challenged or unchallenged) and their interactions on ducks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus CotA laccase in alleviating AFB1 toxicosis of ducks.ResultsBacillus CotA laccase alleviated AFB1-induced declines in growth performance of ducks accompanied by improved average daily gain (ADG) and lower feed/gain ratio (F/G). Bacillus CotA laccase ameliorated AFB1-induced gut barrier dysfunctions and inflammation testified by increasing the jejunal villi height/crypt depth ratio (VH/CD) and the mRNA expression of tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) as well as decreasing the expression of inflammation-related genes in the jejunum of ducks. Amino acid metabolome showed that Bacillus CotA laccase ameliorated AFB1-induced amino acid metabolism disorders evidenced by increasing the level of glutamic acid in serum and upregulating the expression of amino acid transport related genes in jejunum of ducks. Bacillus CotA laccase ameliorated AFB1-induced liver injury testified by suppressing oxidative stress, inhibiting apoptosis, and downregulating the expression of hepatic metabolic enzyme related genes of ducks. Moreover, Bacillus CotA laccase degraded AFB1 in digestive tract of ducks, resulting in the reduced absorption level of AFB1 across intestinal epithelium testified by the decreased level of AFB1-DNA adduct in the liver, and the reduced content of AFB1 residues in liver and feces of ducks.ConclusionsBacillus CotA laccase effectively improved the growth performance, intestinal health, amino acid metabolism and hepatic aflatoxin metabolism of ducks fed AFB1 diets, highlighting its potential as an efficient and safe feed enzyme for AFB1 degradation in animal production.Graphical

Assessing the impact of various irrigation technologies on agricultural production: A water-energy‑carbon nexus perspective

Effective coordination of water, energy, and carbon is vital for the sustainable development of irrigated agriculture. However, limited research has been conducted on the impact of irrigation technology on the coupling and coordination relationship of these elements, especially on the North China Plain (NCP) where irrigation is applied extensively. This study establishes a water-energy‑carbon (WEC) nexus framework based on footprint theory and energy analysis. Water utilization, energy consumption, and carbon emissions in a wheat production system under conventional irrigation (CI), sprinkler irrigation (SI), and drip irrigation (DI) technology on the NCP from 2000 to 2019 were quantified. Subsequently, the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model is used to analyze the interactions and correlations of the WEC nexus. Results indicated that SI and CI effectively reduced water consumption and mitigated water degradation, but this came at the expense of increased energy consumption and carbon emissions. The irrigation process represented the predominant share of energy consumption, representing 40.54 % and 37.64 % of the production-based energy consumption under SI and DI, respectively. The primary contributors to the production-based carbon footprint under CI, SI, and DI were N fertilizer (23.67 %), pipeline production (59.10 %), and irrigation electricity (21.85 %), respectively. The CCD range of WEC systems under the three irrigation technologies varied from 0.35 to 0.50 on the NCP during the investigation period. There were some slight differences in the average annual CCD between each irrigation technology, with DI (0.43) > SI (0.40) > CI (0.39). SI and DI was in basic coordination, while CI was in imbalanced type. Meanwhile, the spatial heterogeneity of CCD was fully reflected over time. Promoting water-saving irrigation technologies, developing clean energy, controlling the expansion of irrigation areas, and strengthening the connections among various subsystems are crucial measure to achieve regional WEC nexus coupling coordination.

Valorization of Strawberry Juice Production Wastewater: Possibilities for Polyphenols Recovery and Plant Biostimulant Production.

Fruit juice production is one of the most important branches of the food and beverage industry, considering both the market size and demand. It is also one of the largest generators of industrial wastewater, considering the large consumption of fresh water during fruit processing. Hence, the appropriate treatment strategies are of the utmost importance to minimize the environmental footprint of food industry effluents. This study aimed to investigate the valorization routes for strawberry juice production wastewater (SJPW), both in terms of nutrient recovery and a circular approach to its utilization as a medium for plant biostimulant production. The results show a low antioxidant capacity and low content of polyphenols in SJPW; however, promising results were obtained for the in vitro seed germination and tomato growth promotion when investigating a biostimulant based on Bacillus sp. BioSol021, which was cultivated using SJPW in a lab-scale bioreactor, with root and shoot length improvements of approximately 30% and 25%, respectively, compared to the control samples. The plant growth promotion (PGP) traits indicated the ability of IAA production, in a concentration of 8.55 ± 0.05 mg/L, and the enzymatic activity was evaluated as through the enzymatic activity index (EAI), achieving the following: 2.26 ± 0.04 for cellulolytic activity, 2.49 ± 0.08 for hemicellulolytic activity, 2.91 ± 0.16 for pectinolytic activity, and 1.05 ± 0.00 for proteolytic activity. This study opens a new chapter of possibilities for the development of techno-economically viable circular bioprocess solutions aimed at obtaining value-added microbial products for sustainable agriculture based on the valorization of food industry effluents thus contributing to more sustainable food production at both the agricultural and industrial levels.

Conservation agriculture improves soil health and sustains crop yields after long-term warming

Climate warming threatens global food security by exacerbating pressures on degraded soils under intensive crop production. Conservation agriculture is promoted as a sustainable solution that improves soil health and sustains crop yields in a changing climate, but these benefits may be affected by long-term warming. Here, we investigate the effects of conservation agriculture compared to conventional agriculture on 17 soil properties, microbial diversity and crop yields, during eight-years’ experimental warming. An overall positive effect of warming on soil health over time under conservation agriculture is characterized by linear increases in soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon. Warming-triggered shifts in microbial biomass carbon and fungal diversity (saprogen richness) are directly linked to a 9.3% increase in wheat yields over eight years, but only under conservation agriculture. Overall, conservation agriculture results in an average 21% increase in soil health and supports similar levels of crop production after long-term warming compared to conventional agriculture. Our work provides insights into the potential benefits of conservation agriculture for long-term sustainable food production because improved soil health improves resilience to the effects of climate warming.