Agrarian Sector Of Ukraine Research Articles

COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF UKRAINIAN AGRICULTURE

In modern conditions, having a significant resource potential, Ukrainian agriculture is capable of providing a stable inflow of foreign currency to the national economy, defining one of the main specializations. Hence, the issue of benefits for the agriculture of Ukraine in foreign trade and the quality of its exports structure becomes relevant. The purpose of the study was to use the cluster analysis of comparative advantages in order to determine Ukraine's place in the global food market and to explore the promising export development directions in the agrarian sector of Ukraine. As a result, a group of products with the existing comparative advantages was determined, and the proposals to expand the range of exports towards increase of the high value-added goods in its structure was justified.

Development of Bioenergy from Biomass in Ukraine

The paper aims to present and assess the current situation of bioenergy production in Ukraine as well as provide insights into its development in the future. It is argued that the great potential of the Ukrainian agrarian sector could ensure not only food needs, but also could become a main source of production and accumulation of bioenergy in agro ecosystems. Under this perspective it can further the increase of energy safety.

БАНКІВСЬКЕ КРЕДИТУВАННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

В сучасних умовах аграрний сектор економіки України для оновлення своєї матеріально-технічної бази, впровадження інноваційних технологій, будівництва нових об'єктів дедалі більше потребує довгострокових фінансових ресурсів. Кредитні кошти залишаються поки що безальтернативним джерелом фінансування, але незадовільний фінансовий стан багатьох аграрних підприємств, відсутність ліквідної застави за кредитом, якої вимагають банки, відсутність позитивної кредитної історії ускладнюють, а в окремих випадках унеможливлюють отримання банківських кредитів, особливо на довготривалий строк. Тому, у статті розглядається сучасний стан забезпечення підприємств аграрної сфери банківськими інвестиційними кредитами, виділено основні проблеми, що перешкоджають ефективному процесу інвестиційного кредитування сільськогосподарських підприємств , а також надано власні пропозиції стосовно покращення даного процесу в сучасних умовах.

Research of coherence and consistency in the application of regulatory methods in the agrarian sector of Ukraine

In the article it is investigated the effectiveness of the instruments of regulatory impact on the development of agricultural sector on its main components: agricultural production, agricultural infrastructure and consumers for the period 1995–2012. Periods of increased (reduced) state influence on the development of the agricultural sector are defined. The link between regulatory measures and results of operation of agricultural sector with a significant time lag is established

ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND COMPONENTS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

The purpose of the paper is scientific grounding of theoretical and methodological approaches to the fundamental principles of the functioning of the existing system of financial support of the agrarian sector in Ukraine and its potential areas of its improvement through the construction of new effective financing mechanisms. Methodology. In the study the following methods are used: a comparative and morphological methods – to reveal the content and development of scientific thoughts about the interpretation of the concept of «financial support»; methods of systematization and generalization – to determine the functionality of the agricultural sector and the need of its financial support and to reveal the features of its functioning; systemic method – to construct a model of the implementation of agricultural sector financial support; logical method – for a consistent generalization of theoretical and practical scientific research statements. Results. Investigation of formation and development of the doctrine of financial support and systematization of scientific thoughts about its essence gives the opportunity to consider the content of the studied category in terms of the functional approach. Interpretation of the term “financial support” comes down to the statement that the formation of the theoretical foundations of the essence and the economic nature of financial support is a result of the achievements of several generations of scientists, each of whom invested a significant contribution to the development of the theory of the studied concept. This allowed us to analyze the term «financial providing» and to summarize the existing approaches in the light of the activities of the agricultural sector. In terms of functionality we found that financial support as a phenomenon can be seen in the context of its unique significance in the development of the economy. Practical implications. It was determined that the problems of financial support of the agricultural sector in Ukraine have a complex nature and relate to the economic, social and political spheres of its operation. The most important obstacles in the financial and credit sphere were and remain as follows: lack of adequate financial infrastructure to facilitate its development; lack of property that can be taken as sufficiently liquid collateral to guarantee repayment of the loan; complicated procedure for obtaining a bank loan and the length of the decision-making on the provision of concessional loans; lack of common rules for access of entities to the sources of financial resources; systematic need for funds for working capital; need for financial resources for the operation etc. In the article it is concretized and enhanced the concept of «financial security» as a system, which is characterized by a set of elements (tools, forms, methods of financing, leverages of the financial impact) and the relationship between them, the proper organization of which should focus on the effective development of the agricultural sector, and the fulfillment of its functions and the ability to show the closeness of the relationship between all the structural elements of the system in the process providing of agrarian business by financial resources. Value/originality. Such interpretation of the essence of «financial support» allows making justification of funds of financial support of the agricultural sector of Ukraine.

Scientific and educational support of agrarian sector in Ukraine

Providing innovative development of the agrarian economy under conditions of global modernization is impossible without the existence of a powerful source of new ideas and technologies for agribusiness. The aim of the study is to identify the problems hindering the development of the innovative capacity of the university’s agrarian science in Ukraine. The study used data from the monitoring 15 major agricultural universities in Ukraine in 2011–2013. Thus the special attention is paid to the issue of the level of development of their research activities. As a result the groups of institutional, axiological and economic-convergence problems in the scientific and educational provision of agricultural production and rural development are identified. It creates opportunities to improve the efficiency of the target efficiency of organizational and methodological assistance of the Government to agricultural universities in the subsequent reform of the national scientific and educational complex. JEL Codes: I23, Q18.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ЗАСАДИ СУЧАСНИХ СОЦІО-ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ФОРМ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ В АГАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ

Main problems of agrarian sector of economy of Ukraine are revealed. Main directions of development of agriculture of Ukraine are determined. The necessity of socio-ecologo-economic agrarian sector is proved. Tendencies of institutionalization of forms of economy in a system of agrarian relationship were investigated. The necessity of creation of effective system of institutions with an aim of functioning effective and rational forms of economy in agrarian sector of Ukraine, which could provide a balancing of economic, social and ecologic spheres, is confirmed. In the paper is proved the necessity of creation and function of social-ecologo-economic model of agriculture development, where a social-ecologo-economic development is characterized like economic development of rural territories, rural employment in agriculture, the efficiency of employment, ecologo-safe production focused on human needs and etc., on the one side and on the other side is a significant role of rural social capital. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, it's confirmed that development socio-ecologo-economical forms of economy are accompanied with modification of the institutional structure of regulation of agriculture. It's proved that the functioning of effective forms of economy promotes the competitiveness of the agricultural sector of the national economy. Keywords: agricultural sector, institutionalism, institutionalization, forms of economy, social, ecological and economic development, farming, peasant economy, cooperative.

Features innovative software agriculturalareas of ukraine

This article describes the theoretical and practical aspects of innovative features to ensure the agrarian sector of Ukraine. It should be noted that the formation and functioning of the national innovation system, as well as innovative software agrarian sector is a complex multidimensional process, which is defined institutional structural features of a particular country. Innovation process in AIC is a constant, uninterrupted process of transformation of individual technical, technological, organizational and economic ideas and scientific solutions to specific practical tasks in order to move industries and agricultural enterprises to a new level of production. This process involves the authors, inventors, innovators and producers, managers who are engaged in manufacturing and promotion of agricultural products on the internal and external markets. Topical issue of developing a mechanism effective implementation of intellectual resources, the intellectual capital of the state in the production of material and spiritual wealth of the agrarian sector.

Trends of development of forms of economy in agrarian sector of Ukraine

Trends of development of forms of economy in agrarian sector of Ukraine are studied. Foreign experience of cooperation farmers, their unions with State like partnerships is analyzed. An importance of creation non-commercial production unions as production cooperation in Ukraine is proved.

Реформировнаие села и направления инновационной деятельности в АПК Украины

This paper describes scientific and practical aspects of innovative re-equipment of agricultural production in Ukraine. A classification of innovation processes in the agricultural sector is given, special attention is paid to theoretical and methodological positions that have been ignored or underestimated during the reform processes in agribusiness. The estimation of results of the full market mechanism introduction in the outdated technological environment with its high costs and low productivity is made, several inconsistencies of «anti-innovational character» that paralyze economic mechanism and minimize its effectiveness, are highlighted. The author proposes ways to solve the problems of the agrarian sector of Ukraine and its transfer to the innovational base. The conclusion is made about the need to focus on solving the problem of increasing profitability of agricultural production as the main condition for the development of post-industrial model of development. According to scientific concepts and doctrine of reforms designed at the Institute of Agricultural Economics (The Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences), Institute of Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and other scientific centers, a comprehensive approach to reforming the agricultural sector, phasing in addressing key issues of agriculture is required.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND BASIC PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT-GROWER IN UKRAINE

Economic feasibilities of agrarian sector of Ukraine are not fully used. It is carried out economic reforms consistently and so far did not provide the increase of efficiency and labour productivity. Volumes of production output, investments and technological level of agriculture go down. Hopes on that markets economic reforms will be instrumental in the rapid revival of economy, were confirmed neither in Ukraine nor in most countries with a transitional economy.