Agrarian Conflict Research Articles

Land for the People: The State and Agrarian Conflict in Indonesia

Land for the People: The State and Agrarian Conflict in Indonesia

Indigenous Women and Customary Rights in Agrarian Conflicts: a Study of Ecofeminism

This paper narrates indigenous women, land rights, indigenous forests and the status of women’s marginalization in the agrarian conflicts in Nusantara. Forests are not only as natural resource, but for indigenous peoples, they were seen as culture. Rivers and swamps are not only a source of food. These are also the culture of indigenous women. Rivers and swamps are source for indigenous women in teaching their children to survive in nature. Since the presence of monoculture plantations, mining, etc., then they lose their cosmology (logos on beauty). Not only that the beauty is lost, but also acute environmental pollution that affect birth of disable infants.

Review of: A. Lucas, C. Warren (2013) Land for the people: the state and agrarian conflict in Indonesia

Review of: A. Lucas, C. Warren (2013) Land for the people: the state and agrarian conflict in Indonesia

Book Review: Anton Lucas and Carol Warren (Eds), Land for the People: The State and Agrarian Conflict in Indonesia

Book Review: Anton Lucas and Carol Warren (Eds), <i>Land for the People: The State and Agrarian Conflict in Indonesia</i>

Stealing Shining Rivers: Agrarian Conflict, Market Logic, and Conservation in a Mexican Forest . ByMolly Doane. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2012. xviii + 203pp. Chronology, map, appendixes, references, and index. Cloth $45.00.

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook Reviews Stealing Shining Rivers: Agrarian Conflict, Market Logic, and Conservation in a Mexican Forest . ByMolly Doane. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2012. xviii + 203pp. Chronology, map, appendixes, references, and index. Cloth $45.00.Liza GrandiaLiza GrandiaUniversity of California Davis Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 19, Number 4October 2014 Published for the American Society for Environmental History and the Forest History Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1093/envhis/emu081 HistoryPublished online September 24, 2014 © 2014 The Author. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

CHILD PROTECTION STRATEGIES AT AGRARIAN CONFLICT AREA (A Case Study at Moro-Moro Village, Register 45, Mesuji Regency)

Moro-Moro community understands that education is one of the most important parts of human basic right, especially at agrarian conflict area. There are several points that Moro-Moro community provides for child protection by education: 1) established school committee and gained some voluntary teachers, 2) established some school buildings, 3) integrates system to ‘main office, 4) finding scholarship for some students who continue to higher education, and) send back some graduates to teach at some school at Moro-Moro. This paper is aim to explain those points as fundamental strategies to actualize child welfare at agrarian conflict area.

Função social na tutela possessória em conflitos fundiários

O artigo é uma reflexão da dogmática do direito civil e direito processual civil, com especial enfoque na análise de jurisprudência do TRF-1, utilizando o método de análise de discurso. O CNJ reconhece que o conflito agrário tem peculiaridades que exigem que o magistrado seja sensível às especificidades desse tipo de disputa. Essa é a base da necessidade de análise do cumprimento da função social como um pré-requisito para a concessão da tutela possessória, apesar da falta de uma disposição expressa nesse sentido. Foi possível comprovar que os tribunais têm feito esse tipo de exame, mas apenas quando o resultado é favorável para o proprietário. Conclui-se que a ampliação do papel da função social na análise do merecimento de tutela possessória materializa o olhar diferenciado que o CNJ espera que o juiz agrário tenha, possibilitando a justa resolução dos conflitos de terra.

Stealing Shining Rivers: Agrarian Conflict, Market Logic and Conservation in a Mexican Forest. MollyDoane. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2012. i–xx + 203 pp.

Stealing Shining Rivers: Agrarian Conflict, Market Logic and Conservation in a Mexican Forest. MollyDoane. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2012. i–xx + 203 pp.

Stealing shining rivers: agrarian conflict, market logic, and conservation in a Mexican forest

What happens to indigenous people when their homelands are declared by well-intentioned outsiders to be precious environmental habitats? In this revelatory book, Molly Doane describes how a rain forest in Mexico s southern state of Oaxaca was appropriated and redefined by environmentalists who initially wanted to conserve its biodiversity. Her case study approach shows that good intentions are not always enough to produce results that benefit both a habitat and its many different types of inhabitants. Doane begins by showing how Chimalapas translated as shining rivers has been produced in various ways over time, from a worthless wasteland to a priceless asset. Focusing on a series of environmental projects that operated between 1990 and 2008, she reveals that environmentalists attempted to recast agrarian disputes which actually stemmed from government-supported corporate incursions into community lands and from unequal land redistribution as environmental problems. Doane focuses in particular on the attempt throughout the 1990s to establish a Campesino Ecological Reserve in Chimalapas. Supported by major grants from the World Wildlife Foundation (WWF), this effort to foster and merge agrarian and environmental interests was ultimately unsuccessful because it was seen as politically threatening by the state. By 2000, the Mexican government had convinced the WWF to redirect its conservation monies to the state government and its agencies. The WWF eventually abandoned attempts to establish an enclosure nature reserve in the region or to gain community acceptance for conservation. Instead, working from a new market-based model of conservation, the WWF began paying cash to individuals for environmental services such as reforestation and environmental monitoring.

Between the bullet and the bank: agrarian conflict and access to land in neoliberal Guatemala

In the midst of neoliberal restructuring and a project of market-led agrarian reform (MLAR), Guatemalan rural communities and peasant organizations have fought to access, reclaim, or hold onto communal land through direct action. This essay explores the dynamics of organized agrarian struggle in contemporary Guatemala, arguing that three forms of organizing that have been labeled officially as ‘agrarian conflicts’ – historical land claims, rural labour disputes, and land occupations – together account for more peasant land access than has been delivered through the MLAR system. The difficulty of escaping the neoliberal model is also discussed, and the essay concludes that even the most successful grassroots campaigns for land have fed into the implementation of neoliberal restructuring.

Model of Effective Community Empowerment Policy of Forestry Partnership to Forest Community in Mesuji-Lampung

Nowadays, forest conditions in Indonesia show a trend of increase in forest areas release. It provides negative impacts, especially for the people who have been living around the forest areas. Various phenomena of community resistance to the government and forest companies become indicators that community empowerment policy implementation around the forest areas is not effective. This research intends to get a model of effective community empowerment policy to solve problems of forest use so that it is right on target for the community, government, and company (SIL). This research uses a qualitative research design. The results show that the empowerment model that has been implemented currently has positive impacts on the community and company, especially intercropping and komplangan of cassava programs, as well as rubber tapping. The impacts can be seen from the increased people incomes, improved social and economic infrastructure of the local community, as well as increased awareness of the importance of forest resources. This research has also shown strong evidences of positive impacts, in form of private property ownership of local community, and cassava farming skills. However, the existing model also provides negative impacts, i.e. forest encroachment, agrarian conflicts and even social conflicts in Mesuji. These result in the termination of the empowerment programs normatively, and detrimental to stakeholders, including the community, company and government (local). The new model resulted from policy reconstruction can guarantee the continuity of implementation of community empowerment programs through forestry partnership.

Corticosteroids inhaled could inhibit substance P receptor expression in asthmatic rat's ASMC

Land tenure in Indonesia is regulated by a complex combination of traditional, formal and informal arrangements. Legal ambiguity over land and natural resources has resulted in tenure insecurity, impacting livelihoods and perpetuating conflict. We reviewed land and forest laws in Indonesia and their effect on livelihoods and conflict and studied the impact of land tenure uncertainty in Rempek village on the island of Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. In Rempek, conflict over land tenure and forest boundaries has occurred since 1984. We built a timeline of events from discussions with various stakeholders and obtained legal documents to support our analysis. The major driver of conflict is the disagreement over the forest boundaries between the Ministry of Forestry and the National Land Agency. This disagreement has escalated and introduced uncertainty, which negatively affects livelihoods in the area. Conflict resolution in Rempek requires a multi-stakeholder approach and an agreement between the Ministry of Forestry and the National Land Agency over the forest boundary and an explicit classification of land status in the conflict area. Our case study is relevant to recurrent disputes over land tenure in contemporary Indonesia. Agrarian conflict and tenure insecurity have stimulated political and social justice movements throughout the country. Recent reforms of land and forest tenure in Indonesia are opening up new pathways for local forest tenure arrangements in situations such as Rempek. Integrated landscape approaches are emerging in Indonesia and have elements that may contribute to resolving land tenure uncertainty. As land tenure security underpins livelihoods for most Indonesians, land authorities must demonstrate stronger coordination and pay more attention to realities on the ground to achieve political and legal progress on land tenure arrangements.

Peasant Protest in the Late Ottoman Empire: Moral Economy, Revolt, and theTanzimatReforms

SummaryThis article argues that despite the different contexts of the Ottoman peasant uprisings in Vidin, Canik, and Kisrawan during the mid-nineteenth century, the attitudes and actions of peasants in the three revolts were remarkably similar. The moral economy of the peasants played an important role in determining their attitudes to the upper classes and to the state. During agrarian conflicts, the peasants received no support from outside but were well organized, used violence selectively, refused to pay taxes they deemed unfair, tended to radicalize, and preferred to deal with central instead of local authorities. Their preference for dealing with central authorities stemmed not from any naive monarchism, but from their realistic assessment of the local balance of power and a pragmatic desire to bypass it; and from their wish to have recourse to the moral authority of the sultan. The article will conclude that the rebels did not rise up against theTanzimatreforms, nor did they simply misunderstand them; rather, they endorsed the reform programme, reinterpreted it through rumour, and strove to radicalize it.

Politics, identity, and Mexico's indigenous rights movements

1. Indians by choice?: traditional societies, indigenous rights movements, and the state in post-Zapatista southern Mexico 2. A tale of two movements: the salience of indigenous rights in Chiapas 1994 but not in Oaxaca 2006 3. Agrarian tenure institutions, conflict frames, and communitarian identities in indigenous southern Mexico 4. Agrarian conflicts, armed rebellion, and the individual versus collective rights tension in Chiapas' Lacandon jungle 5. Individual rights and communal elections in Oaxaca, Mexico: a challenge to multiculturalism and women's rights 6. From balaclavas to baseball caps: wearing many hats in the exercise of 'real world' identities 7. Reconciling individual rights, communal rights, and autonomy institutions: broader lessons from Chiapas and the 'Oaxaca experiment'.

De estructuras, culturas y otros demonios: una revisión de las insurrecciones andinas de finales del siglo XVIII

Este ensayo observa las insurrecciones populares del siglo XVIII no como episodios casuales o aislados, sino como síntomas de un sentimiento generalizado de descontento social e intensificado conflicto. Sentimientos cuya intensidad se incrementó durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII y culminó con la Gran Rebelión de 1780-1783 en el sur de los Andes, el levantamiento en Quito de 1765 y la Rebelión de los Comuneros en la Nueva Granada de 1781. Este artículo examina los trabajos que hacen referencia a estas revueltas, reconociendo el hecho que la producción académica de las insurrecciones de finales del siglo XVIII en las colonias americanas forman parte de los amplios debates académicos que abordan las insurrecciones fuera del contexto Andino, e incorpora preguntas promulgadas por los estudiosos de las revueltas campesinas y el conflicto armado en otros campos y otros periodos.

Plantations, Resistance and the Greening of the Agrarian Question in Coastal Ecuador

Worldwide, industrial tree plantations are at the origin of a growing number of conflicts between local populations and commercial planters. Such conflicts – which often turn out to be ‘environmental’– have largely remained understudied. By focusing on the establishment of an industrial eucalypt monoculture in a coastal Ecuadorian canton, this paper investigates the effects of the penetration of capital into the rural sphere, emphasizing the resulting resistance campaign of a local NGO originating from a peasant organization. We analyse the evolution of land conflicts in the region – historically as well as operationally during the latest eucalypt campaign. We find that displacement of local peasants is a recurrent theme, while environmental issues have recently been incorporated into the resistance to landowners. We thus argue that the agrarian question also includes – now perhaps more than ever – an environmental dimension, thereby providing space for a fruitful dialogue between political ecologists and students of agrarian conflicts.

O conflito social pela terra na Fazenda Coqueiros: um acerto de contas do latifúndio

This article analyses the aspects of the agrarian conflict that has been taking place since 2004 at Coqueiros Farm in Northen Rio Grande do Sul. It is aimed to centralize the juridical sphere negotiation within some of its deliberations as well as the strong clashes and polemics around the Landless Rural Workers’ actions.Key words: agrarian conflict, right, criminalization.

O conflito social pela terra na Fazenda Coqueiros: um acerto de contas do latifúndio

This article analyses the aspects of the agrarian conflict that has been taking place since 2004 at Coqueiros Farm in Northen Rio Grande do Sul. It is aimed to centralize the juridical sphere negotiation within some of its deliberations as well as the strong clashes and polemics around the Landless Rural Workers’ actions. Key words: agrarian conflict, right, criminalization.

To Conform or to Confront? CSOs and Agrarian Conflict in Post-Conflict Guatemala

AbstractThis article is about the role of civil society after violent conflict. It argues that the transformations that civil society organisations (CSOs) make are more ambiguous than supporting donors and NGOs presume. The article analyses how, ten years after the 1996 peace agreements, Guatemalan CSOs deal with agrarian conflict. It discusses in detail the case of a church-related organisation assisting peasants with agrarian conflicts and the challenges it faced in defining its strategies. The article argues that supporting donors and NGOs should stop seeing the difficulties of organisational change in post-conflict situations exclusively in terms of the internal incapacities of civil society. Instead, they should re-politicise their analyses and focus on the importance of broader social and political processes in post-conflict settings for the strategic options open to CSOs.

PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (PSPBM) MELALUI MODEL CO-MANAGEMENT PERIKANAN

This study aims to identify the Co-Management PSPBM, on review of socio-economic dynamics and conflict management of traditional fishermen, in the city of Bengkulu. The nature of this study used qualitative methods-phenomenalogis with research sites in the city of Bengkulu. Data collection techniques include collecting secondary data and primary data through the determination of the informants, observation, depth interviews, FGDs. Results of research found a patron-client relationships are still very dominating this region, and once the economy of social security for fishermen. Kinship relations are generally good. Social solidarity is still high but not a guarantee, and survival strategies of fishermen are still relatively traditional sort because only starting point on the sea fishing only and does not extend to other areas that still use of marine resources. Results of analysis of conflict in general can be seen conflict among fishermen that happened in the three study sites are: class conflict, or vertical conflict and agrarian conflict.