Agile Model Research Articles

Towards improving agility in public administration

In times of crises, such as the refugee crisis or the corona pandemic, the workload in public administrations increases because of the demands of citizens or short-term legal changes. In addition, there is an increasing need for digitalization or to be able to react flexibly to changes. Agile process models and agile practices are appropriate to overcome these challenges. The objective of this paper is to investigate how public administrations can measure their degree of agility to identify potential for improving it. The authors conducted a descriptive single-case study which included multiple units of analysis in a public administration in Germany. The case study was supported by their questionnaire for measuring the degree of agility. One outcome of this study is a conceptual framework that can be used to drive agile transformation in public administrations by continuously measuring agility. Therefore, a questionnaire for measuring agility at team level in public administrations has been developed. The application of the questionnaire in three teams provide insights into dysfunctionality in the interdisciplinary teams as well as optimization potential in terms of affinity to change. The adoption of agility in public administration is a challenge, given that resistance to change is still prevalent. A transformational change is a constant journey, and therefore, the measurement of progress plays an important role in the continuous improvement of an organization. The applied approach delivers high potential for improvement in terms of agility and provides interesting insights for both practitioners and academics.

Engineering Services Landscape in India: Maneuvering the Analytical Journey for Agile Business Model Synthesis

This comprehensive research paper focuses on the strategic analysis and development of agile business models in engineering services environments. The study begins with an in-depth look at key industry players such as L&T Technological Services, Tech Mahindra, HCL, Tata Technologies, and Cyient. Key objectives include gaining insight into the competitive environment, assessing market dynamics, and strategically positioning companies for success in the evolving engineering services space. This study has a special focus on the generation and development of agile business models and highlights how companies such as L&T Technological Services, Tech Mahindra, HCL, Tata Technologies, and Cyient are adapting to dynamic market conditions. I'm guessing. This effort aims to provide nuanced insights into the complexities of designing and developing business models that are agile, responsive, and lead to sustained success in the engineering services industry. Key Words: Engineering Services, Agile Business Model, Competitive Landscape, Financial Metrics, Market Dynamics.

Modeling agile development of Web application e-monev using UML

Monitoring and evaluation (Monev) are critical to determining whether the plan has been implemented and learning for future policies and planning. In education, the information obtained from monitoring and evaluation results is beneficial and will help improve existing processes sustainably. Implementation of monitoring and evaluation using printed manual documents requires time in processing the monitoring and evaluation results, giving rise to a tendency to spend much time in the implementation process. At the same time, there are essential things to do next, namely, evaluation and follow-up of the monitoring and evaluation process. An integrated solution is needed to implement monitoring, evaluation, and reporting so that the monitoring and evaluation process can be emphasized on assessment and follow-up, not monitoring. This research aims to design a prototype e-monev application using a web platform. This system is intended to be used to monitor and evaluate lectures. E-Monev was developed using an Agile and Collaborative Model Driven Development (AC-MDD). AC-MDD helps teams identify and manage interactions between business processes, domains, software, and creative design in Web engineering projects. UML was chosen in the E-Monev system design modeling. UML was expected to assist the team in communicating, designing, and validating software architectural designs. Agile Modeling with UML can be modeling the E-Monev system by adopting changes that may arise due to policy or rule changes.

A Framework for the Construction and Tailoring of Engineering Development Process Models

A well-balanced project design using appropriate process models is an important success factor for the management of engineering development projects. There exists a wide range of different process models, including traditional waterfall-based models as well as agile development models like Scrum. Such standardized process models offer a good starting point for the management of engineering development projects; however, they have to be tailored in order to meet the needs of a specific project. Additionally, in complex environments, it might be necessary to construct dedicated process models, like hybrid combinations of several models. In this article, the groundwork for a systematic approach to the construction and tailoring of process models for engineering development projects is presented. It considers relevant international standards as well as traditional and agile process models and can serve as a basis for the subsequent tailoring processes. The developed framework offers the possibility to add distinctive characteristics to a process model, like means which facilitate quality, communication, or knowledge transfer. The evaluation of the framework was done by means of a case study, a survey, and expert interviews.

The Impact of Business Environmental Factors on Performance Through Strategic Agility and Business Model Innovation: An Analysis Based on Dynamic Capabilities Theory

The Impact of Business Environmental Factors on Performance Through Strategic Agility and Business Model Innovation: An Analysis Based on Dynamic Capabilities Theory

Barriers of Agile Requirements Engineering in the Public Sector: A Systematic Literature Review

Aim/Purpose: The objective of this study is to summarize the challenges of Agile Requirements Engineering (Agile RE) in the public sector in republican and constitutional monarchy nations. Additionally, it offers recommendations to address these challenges. Background: Failure of IT projects in the public sector results in financial losses for the state and loss of public trust, often attributed to issues in requirements engineering such as prioritization of user needs and excessive scope of requirements. IT projects can have a higher success rate with Agile RE, but there are also drawbacks. Therefore, this study holds significance by presenting a thorough framework designed to pinpoint and overcome the challenges associated with Agile RE to increase the success rate of IT projects. Methodology: This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocol in the field of software engineering or related domains, which consists of three main phases: planning the review, conducting the review with a snowballing approach, and reporting the review. Furthermore, the authors perform open coding to categorize challenges based on the Agile methodologies adoption factor model and axial coding to map potential solutions. Contribution: The authors assert that this research enriches the existing literature on Agile RE, specifically within the public sector context, by mapping out challenges and possible solutions that contribute to creating a foundation for future studies to conduct a more in-depth analysis of Agile adoption in the public sector. Furthermore, it compares the barriers of Agile RE in the public sector with the general context, leading to the discovery of new theories specifically for this field. Findings: Most challenges related to Agile RE in the public sector are found in the people and process aspects. Project and organizational-related are subsequent aspects. Therefore, handling people and processes proficiently is imperative within Agile RE to prevent project failure. Recommendations for Practitioners: Our findings offer a comprehensive view of Agile RE in the public sector in republican and constitutional monarchy nations. This study maps the challenges encountered by the public sector and provides potential solutions. The authors encourage practitioners to consider our findings as a foundation for adopting Agile methodology in the public sector. Furthermore, this study can assist practitioners in identifying existing barriers related to Agile RE, pinpointing elements that contribute to overcoming those challenges, and developing strategies based on the specific needs of the organizations. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers have the potential to expand the scope of this study by conducting research in other countries, especially African countries, as this study has not yet encompassed this geographic region. Additionally, they can strengthen the evidence linking Agile RE challenges to the risk of Agile project failure by performing empirical validation in a specific country. Impact on Society: This research conducts a comprehensive exploration of Agile RE within the public sector, serving as a foundation for the successful adoption of Agile methodology by overcoming obstacles related to Agile RE. This study highlights the importance of managing people, processes, projects, and organizational elements to increase the success of Agile adoption in the public sector. Future Research: In the future, researchers should work towards resolving the limitations identified in this study. This study has not provided a clear prioritization of challenges and solutions according to their significance. Therefore, future researchers can perform a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (F-AHP) to prioritize the proposed solutions.

A Proposed Hybrid Model for Cost Management of Agility Smart Supply Chains Using Nanotechnology- Case Study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a proposed hybrid model for managing the cost of agility smart supply chains using Nanotechnology. Methodology – The paper concentrates on a case study of the Egyptian Electric Cables company related to the new implementation of Nanotechnology in Egypt’s industrial sector. The data was collected through interviews with company officials specializing in Nanotechnology since 2022. The paper constructs a model for managing the cost of an agile smart supply chain using the Fuzzy Model. The methodology involves defining specific capabilities and attributes, establishing linguistic scales for performance evaluation, and computing fuzzy performance indices. These indices aim to quantify the performance of agile attributes and capabilities within the context of Nanotechnology’s application in smart supply chains, culminating in an overall Fuzzy Performance Index. Findings – The Egyptian Electric Cables company’s utilization of Nanotechnology within their agile smart supply chain demonstrates remarkable effectiveness, as indicated by the fuzzy performance index values. Their success appears in adeptly managing various factors: flexibility, allowing adaptability to market demands and diverse product ranges; responsiveness, ensuring strong supplier relationships and swift adjustments to market fluctuations; competence, exhibited through effective collaboration, product quality, and skilled workforce development; cost management, focusing on controlling expenses throughout the sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery processes; and performance, emphasizing efficiency, increased output, and resource optimization. These practical results prove the company’s success in integrating Nanotechnology to efficiently manage costs within its agile smart supply chain model. Originality – It is believed that there is no study to date examining the effect of using Nanotechnology on the cost management of agility smart supply chains. This paper contributes to the limited literature on Nanotechnology and cost management of agility smart supply chain. It develops a fuzzy model that integrates Nanotechnology within the scope of capabilities (Flexibility, Responsiveness, Competence, Cost, and performance) in sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery within the agile smart supply chain, the construction of this fuzzy model was guided by the researchers’ creation of the suggested hybrid model for agile smart supply chains, integrating Nanotechnology and leveraging advanced technologies. Keywords: Nanotechnology, Cost Management, Nano Supply Chains, Agility Supply Chains, Smart Supply Chains, Value Chains, RFID, 3D printing.

Strategic Agility, Exaptation, and Business Model Innovation: The Case of an SME

This study adopts a process view on business model innovation (BMI) to address multiple issues pertaining to theory and practice. First, BMI is challenging for most firms in part due to resource constraints that impose limitations on activities for opportunity identification and resource acquisition. To overcome these constraints, exaptation has recently been proposed by scholars as a way to innovate business models through the utilization of existing resources in new domains. However, research to date on exaptation in the context of BMI is limited with inadequate attention to the conditions that lead to exaptation. Second, in line with this research gap, scholars call for further process studies on BMI to explore the role of and the interdependencies among the antecedents in different contexts. To resolve these issues, this article investigates how strategic agility, an established organizational antecedent in the literature, leads to BMI through exaptation with a qualitative, in-depth, single-case study on an small to medium-sized enterprise (SME). The findings of this study are threefold. First, the BMI process in the case unfolds in line with the stages of exaptation proposed in the literature. Second, the relationship between the underlying elements of strategic agility (SA) and BMI is highly complex and at times reciprocal, with SA and BMI switching roles in the causal relationship along the process. Third, strategic sensitivity and resource fluidity, two of the three metacapabilities underlying SA, in combination trigger exaptation, which leads to BMI. Therefore, this study proposes strategic agility as an enabling capability for exaptation.

Agile HR-Based Employee Management Practices for Improving Hospital Service Delivery

The effective management of the human resources of a hospital is essential for the delivery of high-quality healthcare services, a task that has become incredibly challenging in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The efficient management of employees is a top priority in healthcare organisations, which is why human resources (HR) plays a pivotal role in their functioning. It includes strategies for improving employee engagement, productivity, motivation, adaptability to change, welfare, and overall health in addition to traditional HR concerns. As part of this process, conducive working conditions must be created, talent management practices must be implemented, and flexibility must be provided to meet the evolving needs of healthcare professionals. The adoption of Agile HR practices is gaining momentum among hospitals in response to the dynamic challenges they face. In the Agile approach, the development cycle of 'Plan, Do, Check, and Act (PDCA)' enables real-time responsiveness. Through a qualitative research design with in-depth interviews conducted through purposive sampling, this study explores the implementation of Agile HR practices in hospitals located in Kerala and Karnataka. The research presents a novel human resources operating model, termed the 'Agile HR Model,' which advocates the integration of Agile principles into the management of healthcare employees. A key objective of this model is to enhance hospital service delivery by embracing agility and adaptability. The study provides HR managers and healthcare professionals with insights into enhancing the delivery of healthcare services

Designing an Agile Marketing Model for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Iran (Case Study: SMEs in the Northwest Regions of Iran)

Objective: The aim of this research was to design and propose an agile marketing model for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Iran using a grounded theory approach. The study investigated the factors influencing the implementation of agile marketing, its enablers, barriers, and outcomes in SMEs located in the northwest regions of Iran. Methodology: This study employed a mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative phase, theoretical sampling was conducted until theoretical saturation was reached through 21 semi-structured interviews, and the data were analyzed using the grounded theory method. In the quantitative phase, field data were collected via questionnaires from 406 SMEs in the provinces of East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, and Zanjan, and the data were analyzed using statistical methods. Findings: The findings revealed that agile marketing improves the skills of specialized employees, enhances customer-centricity, and increases the competitiveness of SMEs. Furthermore, the role of digital technologies and data analytics as facilitators in the successful implementation of this approach was confirmed. Barriers such as organizational resistance and the complexity of the business environment were also identified as factors hindering agile marketing implementation. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that agile marketing can significantly enhance the performance and competitiveness of SMEs in turbulent markets. However, successful implementation requires appropriate infrastructure, digital technologies, and cultural changes within the organization. Agile marketing is proposed as an effective strategy for improving marketing and market management capabilities in SMEs.

ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ МОДЕЛЕЙ ТА МЕТОДІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВИМИ ПРОЕКТАМИ

The article examines the importance and effectiveness of using the project management methodology to ensure timely and budget-effective implementation of projects in accordance with customer requirements. The author emphasizes that project management is a strategic process that encompasses project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, control, and closure. Special attention is paid to the role of project management in marketing, where complexity and constant dynamics require careful planning and execution. Using project management techniques in marketing teams can improve planning, improve efficiency and productivity, improve communication and collaboration, provide greater control over budget and resources, and lead to improved campaign results. Various marketing project management methodologies, their characteristics and differences are studied. The waterfall cascade model is defined as a sequential approach to dividing a project into fixed tasks, which can be effective for short and well-defined projects, but not suitable for complex and long-term tasks. Agile flexible model and Scrum are defined as fundamentally different approaches based on collaboration, iterability and speed. Agile emphasizes individuals over processes, while Scrum is defined by short iterations and a team motivation system. The Critical Path Method (CPM) and Critical Chain Marketing Project Management (CCPM) are defined as methodologies aimed at determining and optimizing project completion times. Integrated Marketing Project Management (IPM) is seen as an approach focused on standardizing and sharing processes across the organization, which can be useful for large creative agencies. Methodologies (PRiSM, PRINCE2, PMI PMBOK) expand the range of available approaches to marketing project management. Each of them has its own features and applications depending on the specific needs and characteristics of the project. The article provides a comprehensive overview of various methodologies and their relevance to specific conditions and types of marketing projects.

Designing a Sustainable Supply Chain Agility Model in the Oil and Gas Industry of Bushehr Province Using a Mixed Approach

The primary objective of this research is to design a sustainable supply chain agility model in the oil and gas industry of Bushehr Province. This study employs a mixed-method approach (qualitative-quantitative), content analysis, the fuzzy DEMATEL technique, and the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The statistical population consists of managers, officials, and mid- to senior-level experts from companies operating in the oil and gas industry of Bushehr Province. A sample size of 10 managers, experts, and industry specialists was selected for each stage. The qualitative findings revealed that sustainable supply chain agility indicators are comprised of environmental factors (green purchasing, eco-friendly and economic design and packaging, environmental preservation), economic factors (adoption of information technology, responsiveness, speed, competence, flexibility), and social factors (customer collaboration, ethical purchasing, social responsibility, compliance with laws, integration of relationships, and supplier collaboration). In the quantitative section, the first stage using the fuzzy DEMATEL approach showed that environmental factors fall under the category of effect criteria, while economic and social factors fall under the category of cause variables. ANP findings indicated that among the environmental factors, the green purchasing indicator holds the highest weight (0.33), followed by the environmental preservation indicator (0.087) and eco-friendly and economic design and packaging (0.086). Among the economic factors, the speed indicator has the highest weight (0.0524), followed by flexibility (0.0513) and competence (0.0505). Among the social factors, the customer collaboration indicator (0.0439) and compliance with laws (0.0438) have the highest weight.

Presenting a Strategic Agility Model Focused on Innovation in Exporting Companies of Gilan Province

Exports are considered one of the key components of any country’s economic engine, and the volume of exports is regarded as one of the indicators of a nation's success. Many actors are involved in exports, but the most crucial role lies with exporting companies. Therefore, the aim of this research is to present a strategic agility model with a focus on innovation in exporting companies in Gilan Province. This research is qualitative and fundamental in nature. Additionally, based on the method of data collection, it is categorized as field research. The statistical population of this study consists of senior managers of exporting companies in Gilan Province. Theoretical sampling was employed in this research, and the sample size was 15 individuals, determined by theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and qualitative data were analyzed using the grounded theory approach. According to the results obtained from open, axial, and selective coding, the variables of senior management capability and support, knowledge absorption capacity, entrepreneurial tendency, and human resource capabilities and skills were selected as causal conditions. Information technology capabilities, open innovation, organizational learning, and resource flexibility were identified as core phenomena. Finally, financial performance, non-financial performance, and competitive position were recognized as consequential factors in this research.

Presenting a Behavioral Agility Model for Employees in the Banking Industry

Objective: This article aims to present a behavioral agility model for employees in the banking industry. Methodology: This study can be classified as applied. Furthermore, considering that the meta-synthesis method and the Delphi process were used to extract the indicators in this research, it can be categorized as qualitative. After conducting the necessary examinations, the final behavioral agility model for employees at Bank Tejarat was presented in the form of a paradigm model. In this study, after extracting the indicators from the literature, the final model was presented using the opinions of 11 experts in the field through the Delphi process. Findings: The findings of this research indicated that employee behavioral agility includes factors such as flexibility, responsiveness, culture of change, mutual cooperation, competence, and technology. This study also revealed that factors influencing employee behavioral agility include individual factors, organizational factors, and environmental factors. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained from the model, the outcomes of managerial agility include both organizational and individual consequences. Moreover, this model comprises organizational, occupational, and structural strategies. According to the findings, the contextual factors of this model include individual and organizational dimensions. Finally, the intermediary conditions of the model encompass organizational and environmental components.

Adoption and Design of Supply Chain Agility Model by Indian Automobile Manufacturing Industry for Enhancing Environment Sustainability <br>

Adoption and Design of Supply Chain Agility Model by Indian Automobile Manufacturing Industry for Enhancing Environment Sustainability <br>

Project management of the lifecycle of students' research projects in higher pharmaceutical education

Management of students' research activities in recent years has been following the principles of project management, which involves the inclusion of project lifecycle management models. The aim is to determine the possibilities of using project lifecycle management models based on the Project Management Institute Project Management Body of Knowledge-6 methods in the research projects made by students receiving higher pharmaceutical education. The models under study are rigid (cascade, iterative, V-model) and flexible models (Agile models, AZ model). The assessment was carried out by 19 experts in the fields of knowledge of the Six-Pointed Star Project Management Body of Knowledge model according to the Likert scale. It has been established that rigid and flexible models can be selectively applied in the research of junior and senior students, depending on the priority of individual areas of knowledge of the Six-Pointed Star Project Management Body of Knowledge model and the scale of work. Among rigid models, the iterative model and the V-model were better than the cascade model in some areas of knowledge and at a certain scale of the research project. Among flexible models, Agile models outperformed the AZ model in terms of time and cost, and the AZ model was better than Agile models in terms of quality and risk. The preferential opportunities for the application of project lifecycle management models in the students' research projects in each of the fields of knowledge of the Six-Pointed Star Project Management Body of Knowledge model have been shown. For a more detailed study of the process of choosing a project lifecycle management model for students' research projects, it is necessary to create an algorithm for this process.

Constant Software Updates vs. Public Software Acquisition

Software industry has widely adopted agile software development model, where it is accepted that change is constant. Indeed, as the environment in which the software is run changes – be it changes in jurisdiction, language, user expectations, reinterpretation or requirements, or something else – the software needs to be modified to satisfy end-user needs. At the same time, many organizations, especially those that operate in the public sector, rely on tendering and detailed requirements documentation when acquiring software, with an assumption that once deployed, the software would continue to serve the end users unaltered or with minor changes covered by a maintenance contract. In this article, we will consider this fundamental mismatch from the viewpoint of what we know about software evolution in general, and then propose ways forward to design and implement public sector software that can be adapted to new, emergent needs.

The development of the method of optimizing costs for software testing in the Agile model

The object of research in the article is the process of testing and operating software with cost minimization. In the Software Development Life Cycle, depending on the chosen option of the flexible methodology, special attention is focused on testing software versions both in the process of passing iterations and in the process of releasing alpha, beta and production versions. This article is devoted to the problem of developing a method for software testing cost optimization method that estimates the test cost function and the losses cost function from the occurrence of an error. Using the optimization method (for example, the first-order descent method) from the two functions of testing costs and estimating the losses caused during operation, it is possible to calculate the optimal cost of testing and operating the software product. The results obtained show that with the correct assessment of a cost function and a loss function such calculations allow to significantly save money and time for the production of the next version of the software product. These results are explained by the fact that the method of optimizing the cost function finds the optimum point and allows to pre-estimate the budget and risks during the development and operation of the software. The article provides several examples of the calculation and optimization of testing costs within the proposed concept for one iteration in a flexible software development cycle. The results of the study can be used in practice, provided that the functions of estimating costs for testing and compensation for losses caused during the operation of the software are set correctly. Experienced managers and project supervisors determine these functions quite accurately for a certain number of iterations, which makes it possible to apply the method of finding the minimum budget costs for testing and operating a software product.

An agile layer-resolved SOFC stack model using physics-informed neural network

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stacks are one of the most critical modules in industrial SOFC energy conversion systems. Although the detailed multiphysics distribution has been elaborately studied with accurate 3-dimensional (3D) models, development and validation of agile stack model is yet inadequate. Due to slow and tedious meshing and simulation, fast prototyping of stacks remains a challenge. Therefore, a 30-cell stack was tested at varied temperatures and gas flowrates and a real-time transient layer-resolved stack model is established and calibrated using the measured data, which gives a Root-Mean-Square (RMS) prediction error of 2.21% for measured voltages and 1.53 °C for measured temperatures. With layer resolution, the stack model shows the voltage, average temperature, as well as fuel and air flowrates of each cell. Moreover, the stack model reveals the relation of voltage distribution at varied fuel flowrates with temperature distribution. Furthermore, the stack model is potentially applicable to stack scaling effects, or designing Balance of Plant (BoP).

Enhancing Support For Senior Citizens: Development And Evaluation of The OSCA Information Management System With Agile Methodology and ISO/IEC 25010 Compliance

The elderly were a member of the vulnerable group which the government supported and assisted in every way possible. To contribute to the support and assistance needed by the elderly who are called senior citizens, this study was conducted. This aims to develop and design a usable, performance-efficient, and functional suitable to the operation and service of the Office of the Senior Citizen Affairs (OSCA), Cabanatuan City office. The System Application Office of the Senior Citizen Affairs Information Management System with Analytics (OSCA-IMSA) was developed using the Agile System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Model. The agile model has different phases and sub-phases that guarantee the quality and efficient development of the system. Every phase and sub-phases lead to a well-organized, and systematic process of system development. The proponents adopted the ISO/IEC 25010 criteria as an evaluation tool to assess the system's usability, reliability, performance efficiency, functional suitability, security, portability, maintainability, and compatibility. The self-made survey questionnaire was used as the main tool to collect the data from the respondents. Purposive sampling was used to determine the right respondents for the study. The study was composed of two different sets of respondents, the first set was the System Users and the second set was composed of IT Experts. The Office of the Senior Citizen Affairs Information Management System with Analytics (OSCA-IMSA) was evaluated and assessed by the respondents with a result of being highly functional, highly efficient, highly portable, highly maintainable, highly compatible, highly secured, highly reliable, and highly usable. This result indicates that the system passed and conformed to the ISO/IEC 25010 Software Product Quality Standard, hence, is recommended to be deployed at the research locale.