Aggregation Technology Research Articles

Research on Key Technologies for Internet of Things

For Internet of Things (IOT) widely concerned by people in recent years, this paper analyzed and discussed the key technologies of restricting IOT development, including awareness technology, network communications technology, data aggregation and intelligent technology and cloud computing and so on. These technologies will play important roles in promoting the development and application of IOT, and even human life, industrial development and the advancement of science and technology.

Full Data Controlled Web-Based Feed Aggregator

Feed syndication is analogous to electronic newsletters, both are aimed at delivering feeds to subscribers; the difference is that while newsletter subscription requires e-mail and exposed you to spam and security challenges, feed syndication ensures that you only get what you requested for. This paper reports a review on the state of the art of feed aggregation technology and the development of a locally hosted web based feed aggregator as a research tool using the core features of WordPress; the software was further enhanced with plugins and widgets for dynamic content publishing, database and object caching, social web syndication, back-up and maintenance, among others. The results highlight the current developments in software re-use and describes; how open source content management systems can be used for both online and offline publishing, a means whereby feed aggregator users can control and share feed data, as well as how web developers can focus on extending the features of built-in software libraries in applications rather than reinventing the wheel.

CSDA a Routing Protocol Based on Secure Data Fusion for Wireless Sensor Network

Considering of routing on date aggregation and data transmission security, a routing protocol, CSDA, was put forward, which was based on the technology of secure date aggregation in the Wireless Sensor Network. It works in the network topology of sub-cluster structure, Data fusion on node level was achieved which based on the theory of fuzzy sets. Routing in cluster was achieved by updating info-stack. polymeric Data was encrypted on model code and transported. Simulation show that the protocol has good energy efficiency.

Influence Study of Steel Fiber Shape on the Impact Resistance Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Recycled aggregate concrete technology has been payed widely attention. In addition to the research on the basic performance of recycled aggregate concrete, the impact resistance performance of recycled aggregate concrete was also involved. Through mixing respectively steel fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber into the recycled aggregate concrete, the writer studied the impact resistance performance of fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete, and compared the influence of reinforced fiber on the impact resistance performance of recycled aggregate concrete.

Resource scheduling in downlink LTE-advanced system with carrier aggregation

In this paper, we focus on the resource scheduling in the downlink of long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) assuming equal power allocation among subcarriers. Considering the backward compatibility, the LTE-A system serves LTE-A and long term evolution (LTE) users together with carrier aggregation (CA) technology. When CA is applied, a well-designed resource scheduling scheme is essential to the LTE-A system. Joint scheduling (JS) and independent scheduling (INS) are two resource scheduling schemes. JS is optimal in performance but with high complexity. Whereas INS is applied, the LTE users will acquire few resources because they can not support CA technology. And the system fairness is disappointing. In order to improve the system fairness without bringing high complexity to the system, an improved proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm base on INS is proposed. In this algorithm, we design a weigh factor which is related with the number of the carriers and the percentage of LTE users. Simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm can effectively enhance the throughput of LTE users and improve the system fairness.

The Sustainability of Chinese Growth and the Aggregate Factor Substitution Elasticity

We discuss the sustainability of Chinese high growth relative to growth experience elsewhere, and specifically Soviet Russia in the 1950s to the 1960s by asking if the aggregate technology can eventually similarly constrain high growth performance in the Chinese case as argued by Weitzman in a paper in 1970 discussing the Soviet case. We note in the Chinese case, in contrast to Russia, the declining labor share in GDP over time, which suggests a substitution elasticity above rather than below one. We use time series data on labor’s share in GDP to estimate a substitution elasticity for China, finding that the substitution elasticity is greater than one. We then discuss how sub aggregate high growth can occur when there are three sectors, and large outflows of labor occurring from rural to urban areas over time with implications for the role of factor substitution in future Chinese growth. We argue that high growth in China can be supported in such a framework by a rural to urban labor outflows even if the substitution elasticities in both the urban and rural sectors are less than one. We estimate these two production functions using share data and these indicate substitution elasticities less than one. As such we suggest that aggregate substitution elasticities do not necessarily provide a clear guide as to the sustainability of high Chinese growth.

Mobility Performance Analysis under Different SCell Measurement Periods in the LTE-A System with Carrier Aggregation

In order to achieve up to 1 Gb/s peak data rate in future International Telecommunications Advanced mobile systems, carrier aggregation technology is introduced by the 3GPP to support very-high-data-rate transmissions over wide frequency bandwidths (e.g., up to 100 MHz) in its new LTE-Advanced standards. In this paper, two carriers are considered, namely primary component carrier (PCell) and secondary component carrier (SCell). Appropriately loosening SCell measurement period is able to save UE power consumption without apparent effect on the system performance. This paper analyzes system mobility performances under various SCell measurement periods. Furthermore, it gives the least length a SCell measurement period could be relaxed to while still retaining the system performance in scenario 2.

Influence Study of Reinforced Fiber on the Impact Resistance Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Recycled aggregate concrete technology has been payed widely attention. In addition to the research on the basic performance of recycled aggregate concrete, the impact resistance performance of recycled aggregate concrete was also involved. Through mixing respectively steel fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber into the recycled aggregate concrete, the writer studied the impact resistance performance of fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete, and compared the influence of reinforced fiber on the impact resistance performance of recycled aggregate concrete.

Delay analysis of DRX in LTE-advanced considering carrier aggregation

The long term evolution advanced (LTE-advanced) standards target at high system performance comparable or superior to the requirements of the International mobile telecommunications advanced (IMT-advanced). In order to support backward compatibility with LTE, most of the key technologies have been retained in LTE-advanced, one of which is the discontinuous reception mechanism (DRX). LTE-advanced adopts carrier aggregation technology to extend the system bandwidth, which requires the LTE DRX applied in single-transceiver scenario to be adapted to multi-transceiver scenario with multiple component carriers. Apparently, carrier aggregation will influence the performance of DRX severely, so it's worth studying the impact brought by the coexistence of LTE DRX and carrier aggregation on the system performance, e.g., the system delay. In this paper, first an overview of DRX in carrier aggregation scenario is given. Then it is modeled as a Markov process based on the queuing theory. Simulation results show that the independent component carrier configuration with a uniform Inactivity Timer achieves a superior service delay performance compared with other reference schemes.

Does Inflation Adjust Faster to Aggregate Technology Shocks than to Monetary Policy Shocks?

This paper studies U.S. inflation adjustment speed to aggregate technology shocks and to monetary policy shocks in a medium size Bayesian vector autoregression model. According to the model estimated on the 1959–2007 sample, inflation adjusts much faster to aggregate technology shocks than to monetary policy shocks. These results are robust to different identification assumptions and measures of aggregate prices. However, by separately estimating the model over the pre- and post-1980 periods, this paper further shows that inflation adjusts much faster to technology shocks than to monetary policy shocks in the post-1980 period, but not in the pre-1980 period.

QoS-Based Data Aggregation Technology in Wireless Sensor Networks

The main goal of data-aggregation algorithms in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is to gather and aggregate data in an energy efficient manner so that network lifetime is enhanced. In this article, we focus on QoS-based data-aggregation problems in WSNs. Firstly, we provide a definition of the different QoS parameters for data aggregation, such as energy efficiency, network lifetime, data latency and data quality. Then, we compare the different algorithms on each QoS parameter, describe the main features of each algorithm, and highlight the trade-offs between each parameter. Finally, we conclude with possible future research directions on QoS-based data aggregation in WSNs.

The specific factors continuum model, with implications for globalization and income risk

This paper embeds the specific factors model in the goods continuum approach of Dornbusch et al. (1977, 1980) and applies it to analyze the effect of globalization on income risk. Globalization amplifies sector specific income risk induced by idiosyncratic sectoral technology shocks, but tends to reduce income risk to both mobile and immobile factors induced by aggregate technology shocks that differ by country. Aggregate risk bears most heavily on the poorest specific factors.

Pension Plan Funding, Technology Choice, and the Equity Risk Premium

In this paper, the impact of Lazear contracts with defined-benefit pensions on aggregate technology composition and the aggregate risk premium is examined. In the presence of capital market constraints affecting workers, defined-benefit pensions bias the economy towards risk-free production. Leveraging the risky technology relaxes the constraints and results in more risky production and a fall in the aggregate risk premium. This effect holds with risky debt and low pension shortfall risk but breaks down with high pension shortfall risk. A key prediction is that as Lazear contracts become less common, risky production will increase and the aggregate risk premium will fall.

Credit Risk and Business Cycles

We incorporate long-term defaultable corporate bonds and credit risk in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium business cycle model. Credit risk amplifles aggregate technology shocks. The debt-capital ratio is a new state variable and its endogenous movements provide a propagation mechanism. The model can match the persistence and volatility of output growth as well as the mean equity premium and the mean risk-free rate as in the data. The model implied credit spreads are countercyclical and forecast future economic activities because they afiect flrm investment through Tobin’s Q. They also forecast future stock returns through changes in the market price of risk. Finally, we show that flnancial shocks to the credit markets are transmitted to the real economy through Tobin’s Q.

Accounting for the Cyclical Dynamics of Income Shares

Over the business cycle, labor's share of output is negatively but weakly correlated with output, and it lags output by about four quarters. Profit's share is strongly procyclical. It neither leads nor lags output, and its volatility is about four times that of output. Despite the importance of understanding the dynamics of income shares for understanding aggregate technology and the degree of competition in factor markets, macroeconomics lacks models that can account for these dynamics. This paper constructs a model that can replicate those facts. We introduce costly entry of firms in a model with frictional labor markets and find a link between the ability of the model to replicate income shares' dynamics and the ability of the model to amplify and propagate shocks. That link is a countercyclical real interest rate, a well-known fact in U.S. data but a feature that models of aggregate fluctuations have had difficulty achieving.

The effects of aggregate technology to the properties of alloy castings АК7ч with high iron content

The effect of aggregate technology to the properties of the cylindrical castings from foundry aluminum alloy АК7ч having high iron content is analysed. The results of researches of microstructure of foundings and mechanical properties are resulted

The role of aggregation technologies in the provision of supranational public goods: A reconsideration of NATO’s strategies

Voluntary contributions to the provision of public goods do not necessarily follow a summation aggregation technology. The article investigates the alternative best-shot aggregation process and provides the corresponding Nash equilibrium conditions for allies in the context of joint products in a supranational alliance. The application deals with NATO over the period 1955–2006 and evidences new breakpoints and aggregation technology assessments, which leads to a reconsideration of the alliance’s strategy. We find that a best-shot technology prevails from 1955 to 1970. Afterwards, summation of contributions becomes the aggregation technology of the alliance, with increased strategic behavior after 1990.

Alliance Formation and Better-Shot Global Public Goods: Theory and Simulation

In this paper, we examine the process of global order formation during the early days of the Cold War from the viewpoint of Global Public Good (GPG). Focusing on the alliance formation, we specify contributions as exogenous and membership as endogenous. Our theoretical analysis reveals that alliance formation depends on the aggregation technology of the GPG and on the potential GPG, which is the amount of the GPG provided by the largest alliance of the feasible. When a big country with the greater potential GPG overestimates its opponent’ s GPG provision, the two big countries divide the world into two blocs, as the US and the USSR did during the Cold War. The simulation based on actual military spending in 1947 also suggests that the Western bloc’ s overestimation of the threat from the Eastern bloc might have accelerated the expansion of both blocs.

Carrier aggregation for LTE-advanced mobile communication systems

In order to achieve up to 1 Gb/s peak data rate in future IMT-Advanced mobile systems, carrier aggregation technology is introduced by the 3GPP to support very-high-data-rate transmissions over wide frequency bandwidths (e.g., up to 100 MHz) in its new LTE-Advanced standards. This article first gives a brief review of continuous and non-continuous CA techniques, followed by two data aggregation schemes in physical and medium access control layers. Some technical challenges for implementing CA technique in LTE-Advanced systems, with the requirements of backward compatibility to LTE systems, are highlighted and discussed. Possible technical solutions for the asymmetric CA problem, control signaling design, handover control, and guard band setting are reviewed. Simulation results show Doppler frequency shift has only limited impact on data transmission performance over wide frequency bands in a high-speed mobile environment when the component carriers are time synchronized. The frequency aliasing will generate much more interference between adjacent component carriers and therefore greatly degrades the bit error rate performance of downlink data transmissions.

Relative-Preference Shifts and the Business Cycle

This paper develops a two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model in which intertemporal fluctuations (and sectoral comovement) are driven by idiosyncratic shocks to relative preferences between consumption goods. This class of shocks may be interpreted as shifts in consumer tastes. When shifts in preferences occur, consumers associate a new and different level of satisfaction to the same basket of consumption goods according to the modi ed preferences. The paper shows that, if the initial composition of the consumption basket is sufficiently asymmetric, a shift in relative preferences produces a so strong perception effect capable of inducing inter and intra sectoral positive comovement of the main macroeconomic variables (i.e., output, consumption, investment, and employment). Furthermore, extending the theoretical framework to a multisector model and introducing a more flexible structure of the relative preference shock, we show that the parameter restrictions, necessary in order to observe sectoral comovement after a relative preference shock, are much less severe. In particular, the comovement between the most of the sectors emerges under general conditions, without requiring high asymmetry in the composition of the consumption basket and/or high aversion to risk. It is a welcome result that these fi ndings are reached without introducing either aggregate technology shocks or input-output linkages, or shocks perturbing the relative preference between aggregate consumption and leisure.