Accumulation Of Material Research Articles

Akap5 links synaptic dysfunction to neuroinflammatory signaling in a mouse model of infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.

Palmitoylation and depalmitoylation represent dichotomic processes by which a labile posttranslational lipid modification regulates protein trafficking and degradation. The depalmitoylating enzyme, palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1), is associated with the devastating pediatric neurodegenerative condition, infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN1). CLN1 is characterized by the accumulation of autofluorescent lysosomal storage material (AFSM) in neurons and robust neuroinflammation. Converging lines of evidence suggest that in addition to cellular waste accumulation, the symptomology of CLN1 corresponds with disruption of synaptic processes. Indeed, loss of Ppt1 function in cortical neurons dysregulates the synaptic incorporation of the GluA1 AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit during a type of synaptic plasticity called synaptic scaling. However, the mechanisms causing this aberration are unknown. Here, we used the Ppt1-/- mouse model (both sexes) to further investigate how Ppt1 regulates synaptic plasticity and how its disruption affects downstream signaling pathways. To this end, we performed a palmitoyl-proteomic screen, which provoked the discovery that Akap5 is excessively palmitoylated at Ppt1-/- synapses. Extending our previous data, in vivo induction of synaptic scaling, which is regulated by Akap5, caused an excessive upregulation of GluA1 in Ppt1-/- mice. This synaptic change was associated with exacerbated disease pathology. Furthermore, the Akap5- and inflammation-associated transcriptional regulator, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), was sensitized in Ppt1-/- cortical neurons. Suppressing the upstream regulator of NFAT activation, calcineurin, with the FDA-approved therapeutic FK506 (Tacrolimus) modestly improved neuroinflammation in Ppt1-/- mice. These findings indicate that the absence of depalmitoylation stifles synaptic protein trafficking and contributes to neuroinflammation via an Akap5-associated mechanism.

Treatment Outcomes of Pulpotomy in Primary Teeth with Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the success rates of pulpotomy treatment for irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth. This study was registered and conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Relevant studies published between January 1980 and April 2023 were identified across eight online databases and two paediatric dentistry textbooks. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by multiple investigators independently. Data analysis involved single-arm and two-arm meta-analyses, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, and assessment of publication bias. The risks of bias were evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's assessment tools. The levels of evidence were determined using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) tool. Five primary studies were included. The weighted mean overall success rates at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups were 97.2% and 94.4%, respectively. Two-arm meta-analysis revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and non-MTA bioceramic-based materials as pulpotomy medicaments. The sample size of each study did not affect the degree of data heterogeneity. Egger's test revealed no significant publication bias. Pulpotomy may be regarded as an alternative modality for treating primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Nevertheless, future well-designed trials and extended follow-up periods are warranted.

Gene expression regulation of the effect of shading on chlorophyll content in Fuding White Tea (Camellia sinensis L.).

Shading is an important practical method to improve the quality of green tea. Previous research of our group found that because the biosynthesis and distribution of theanine in tea plants were affected by down regulation of gene encoding amino acid permeases, theanine content in tea leaves which grown under shading condition was significantly higher than those under natural light. In this study, our group analyzed the changes of tea leaf area, free amino acid content and photosynthetic parameters under natural light and shading conditions, to ensure that moderate shading did not reduce but improve the quality of tea. Transcriptome sequencing and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted to reveal the expression levels of genes related to chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio under natural light and shading conditions. Experimental results revealed the presence of the following differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway of tea under natural light and shading conditions: the up regulation of CPOX expression may lead to an increase in the accumulation of raw materials of chlorophyll synthesis, while the down regulation of SGR expression may lead to a decrease in chlorophyll degradation. The combined effect of these two genes may lead to an increase in the total chlorophyll content of tea. The down regulation of NOL expression may lead to the obstruction of chlorophyll b transform to chlorophyll a, that is, the decrease of the chlorophyll a/b ratio. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of chlorophyll content and component alteration in Fuding white tea under natural light and shading conditions, and elucidated the effects of different light intensities on the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway of tea. Thus provided deep understanding of chlorophyll regulation under shading condition in tea cultivation, which could contribute to high-quality matcha production.

Environmental Restoration and Changes of Sediment and Hydrodynamic Parameters in a Section of a Renaturalised Lowland Watercourse

In Europe, the routes of most watercourses were straightened and shortened, leading to the destruction and degradation of many natural environments. Currently, in places where it is possible, as part of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive, efforts are made to improve environmental sustainability, including improving the ecological condition of rivers. This paper presents the impact of three in-stream deflectors on changes in the section of a small lowland river—the Flinta (Poland)—where (from 2018 to 2023) detailed, systematic geodetic, and hydrometric research and an assessment of the ecological conditions were carried out. The presented results show the influence of deflectors on the initiation of fluvial processes in the transverse and longitudinal layouts of the channel. The river channel was narrowed from 6 to 5 m, and the current line shifted by almost 3 m. Changes were observed in the distribution of velocities and shear stresses, varying along the surveyed section of the river. In the first year after their application, an increase in velocity at the deflectors can be observed (from 0.2 m∙s−1 to 0.6 m∙s−1 in the deflector cross-section). In the following years, on the other hand, a clear decrease in velocity was observed in the sections between the deflectors (to 0.3 m∙s−1). The introduction of deflectors resulted in a significant increase in the values of shear stresses (from an average value of 0.0241 N∙m−2 in 2018 to 0.2761 N∙m−2 in 2023) and local roughness coefficients (from 0.045 s∙m−1/3 before the introduction of the deflectors to 0.070 s∙m−1/3 in 2023). Based on analyses of sediment samples, erosion and accumulation of bottom material were initially observed, followed by a subsequent stabilisation of particle size. Differences in grain size were observed, especially in the cross-section of the deflectors (increase in granularity d50% downstream of the deflector from 0.31 mm to 3.9 mm already 2 years after the introduction of deflectors). This study confirmed the positive impact of using deflectors on hydromorphological processes as deflectors facilitate the achievement of a good ecological status, as required by the WFD. The innovation of this paper lies in demonstrating the possibility of using small, simple structures to initiate and intensify fluvial processes, which may contribute to improving the ecological conditions of watercourses.

Fire Resistance of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Containing Spent Garnet as Partial Fine Aggregate Replacement

Introduction The escalating demand for concrete, driven by global infrastructure development, poses significant challenges to environmental sustainability due to the depletion of natural resources and the accumulation of waste materials. This paper explores the potential of utilizing waste materials, particularly palm oil clinker (POC) and spent garnets, as sustainable alternatives in concrete production. The depletion of natural aggregates, such as river sand, coupled with the environmental hazards associated with waste disposal, underscores the urgent need for eco-friendly solutions in construction materials. POC, derived from palm oil production waste, and spent garnets from abrasive industries offer promising avenues for reducing environmental impact and enhancing sustainability in concrete production. By addressing the dual challenges of resource depletion and waste management, this research aims to contribute to developing greener construction practices and mitigating environmental degradation. Aims This study aims to investigate the effects of incorporating spent garnet as a partial fine aggregate replacement on the fire resistance of POC LWAC. By examining the interplay between spent garnet inclusion and fire resistance, the research contributes to developing more sustainable concrete formulations and aids in industrial waste management practices, addressing critical societal and environmental challenges. Methods This study investigates the effects of elevated temperatures on the compressive strength and durability of POC LWAC specimens. Concrete specimens were demoulded after 24 hours of curing and submerged in water for 28 days. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were conducted at the end of the curing period. Subsequently, specimens were subjected to temperatures of 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C for 1 hour in a furnace. After cooling naturally for 24 hours, visual inspection, mass reduction analysis, and evaluation of residual compressive strength were performed. Results Results indicate that 20% garnet replacement yields the highest compressive strength due to pore filling and denser structure. Higher garnet levels lead to reduced strength and increased water absorption. Visual assessment post-heating shows surface alterations, with 20% garnet exhibiting the lowest mass loss and strength reduction at elevated temperatures. Conclusion Notably, specimens containing 20% spent garnet in POC LWAC performed better in a fire than others, enhancing their fire-resistant properties. In summary, this research introduces a hopeful approach to improve the sustainability of concrete and mitigate the environmental repercussions of industrial waste.

An Image-based method for evaluating changes in particle size and morphology distributions of aggregate materials after vibratory compaction test

Particle breakage and abrasion of aggregate materials can be induced by field compaction during construction, which adversely affects their mechanical properties. However, current compaction quality control testing does not evaluate changes in particle size distribution and particle morphology of aggregate materials due to the lack of fast and inexpensive testing methods. In this study, a modified watershed-based segmentation image analysis method and computational geometry algorithms were used to quickly quantify changes in particle size and morphology distributions of a large amount of contacting aggregate particles. The accuracy and required minimum sample size of the image analysis method were statistically evaluated. Compared to the conventional ASTM C136 aggregate sieve analysis test, the image analysis method conducted on a 40% sample size of the conventional method yielded less than 6% difference between the results, which can meet the ASTM C136 test repeatability criteria. In addition, demonstration tests were conducted to incorporate the image analysis method into a laboratory vibratory compaction test for evaluating the overall particle size and morphology changes of an aggregate material after compaction. Results indicate that the initial gradation and water content of the aggregate material can influence the particle breakage and abrasion characteristics of aggregate materials under compaction.

Shear mechanical properties of aggregate cemented materials: a numerical study based on a particle flow modeling strategy

Shear mechanical properties of aggregate cemented materials: a numerical study based on a particle flow modeling strategy

Archaeology in the Fourth Dimension: Studying Landscapes with Multitemporal PlanetScope Satellite Data

AbstractFor the last seven years, PlanetScope satellites have started near-daily imaging of parts of the Earth’s surface, making high-density multitemporal, multispectral, 3-m pixel imagery accessible to researchers. Multitemporal satellite data enables landscape archaeologists to examine changes in environmental conditions at time scales ranging from daily to decadal. This kind of temporal resolution can accentuate landscape features on the ground by de-emphasizing non-permanent signatures caused by seasonal or even daily changes in vegetation. We argue that the availability of high spatial and temporal resolution multispectral imagery from Planet Inc. will enable new approaches to studying archaeological visibility in landscapes. While palimpsests are discrete overlapping layers of material accumulation, multitemporal composites capture cyclical and seasonal time and can be used to interpret past landscape histories at multiple scales. To illustrate this perspective, we present three case studies using PlanetScope imagery in tropical environments on the Indian Ocean islands of Madagascar, Mauritius, and Zanzibar.

Evaluating different geogrid products for modulus improvement with bender element sensor technology

Geogrids extend pavement lifespans by stiffening the unbound aggregate base/subbase through geogrid-aggregate interlocking and restraining of the lateral movements of aggregates. Different geogrids may provide different mechanisms of stabilization based on aggregate size and shape distributions, geogrid properties, and the stabilization mechanism. This study proposed the experimental results of evaluating five different geogrid products: three extruded, one woven, and one welded, with different physical properties tested using a dense graded crushed limestone base course aggregate material. The direct and quantitative stiffness measurements were performed using shear wave transducers (bender elements (BEs)). Small strain shear modulus was measured using three BE sensor pairs instrumented on 300 mm height and 150 mm diameter cylindrical specimens with geogrids installed at specimen midheight. The aggregate material was used based on its as-received gradation. Geogrid-stabilized and unstabilized control tests were conducted in repeated triaxial loading at the 15 stress states following the AASHTO T 307 resilient modulus test protocol. Although the resilient modulus tests could not differentiate the effects of geogrid stabilized specimens, local measurements of small strain shear modulus using the BE sensor pairs demonstrated certain increases in shear moduli owing to the incorporation geogrids. Thus, BE sensor technology was demonstrated as an effective tool for quantifying stiffening/stabilization of different geogrids through increased small strain shear modulus.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SELF-LEVELING FLY ASH-SLAG GEOPOLYMER MORTAR

Exponential growth in the world population and increase in demand for concrete are pressing researchers and scientists to find sustainable alternative materials for Portland cement and natural aggregates. Self-leveling mortar is extensively used in construction applications, such as floor leveling, repair, resurfacing, or adhesion. Yet, limited research has been carried out on enhancing this material’s sustainability. This paper aims to produce a geopolymer mortar produced with fly-ash (FA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (BFS), and desert dune sand. Geopolymer mortar samples were produced with different binder-to-sand (B:S), FA-to-slag (FA:BFS), and alkali-activator solution-to-binder (AAS/B) ratios. Alkaline solution was blended with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide with a molarity of 8 M (ratio of 1.5). Fresh and hardened properties of the developed self-leveling mortars were assessed. Experimental results showed that the flow, initial and final setting time, and 7-and 14-day compressive strength were in respective ranges of 17.3-40.3 cm, 21-155 minutes, 42-221 minutes, 6.0-70.3 MPa, and 5.2-78.7 MPa. Furthermore, an increase in FA:BFS, B:S, and AAS/B ratios enhanced flowability and prolonged setting time but reduced compressive strength at both ages. These research findings advocate the use of a self-leveling, cement-free geopolymer mortar to be utilized in various buildings and repair applications.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SELF-LEVELING FLY ASH-SLAG GEOPOLYMER MORTAR

Exponential growth in the world population and increase in demand for concrete are pressing researchers and scientists to find sustainable alternative materials for Portland cement and natural aggregates. Self-leveling mortar is extensively used in construction applications, such as floor leveling, repair, resurfacing, or adhesion. Yet, limited research has been carried out on enhancing this material’s sustainability. This paper aims to produce a geopolymer mortar produced with fly-ash (FA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (BFS), and desert dune sand. Geopolymer mortar samples were produced with different binder-to-sand (B:S), FA-to-slag (FA:BFS), and alkali-activator solution-to-binder (AAS/B) ratios. Alkaline solution was blended with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide with a molarity of 8 M (ratio of 1.5). Fresh and hardened properties of the developed self-leveling mortars were assessed. Experimental results showed that the flow, initial and final setting time, and 7-and 14-day compressive strength were in respective ranges of 17.3-40.3 cm, 21-155 minutes, 42-221 minutes, 6.0-70.3 MPa, and 5.2-78.7 MPa. Furthermore, an increase in FA:BFS, B:S, and AAS/B ratios enhanced flowability and prolonged setting time but reduced compressive strength at both ages. These research findings advocate the use of a self-leveling, cement-free geopolymer mortar to be utilized in various buildings and repair applications.

Heterogeneity of mesenchymal cells in human amniotic membrane at term.

There is increasing interest in understanding the tissue biology of human amniotic membrane (hAM) given its applications in medicine. One cellular component is mesenchymal cells, which can be extracted, cultured and differentiated "in vitro" into various cell types. These studies show that there is heterogeneity among mesenchymal cells. The aim of this work is to study the membrane in situ to determine whether this cellular heterogeneity exists. The hAMs were obtained from caesarean deliveries at term and analyzed by histological techniques. Types I-III mesenchymal cells and Hofbauer were distinguished by light microscopy. Histochemically, mesenchymal cell types showed successively increasing positivity to: PAS, vimentin, fibronectin, and Concanavalin-A; VGEF, TGF-β2, PDGF-C, FGF-2. By the semiquantitative point of view, the percentage of Type II cells was 60%, significantly higher than the other types. With transmission electron microscopy, an intermediate cell type between II-III was observed. Strong vesiculation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with exocytosis was observed. In addition, an accumulation of a similar material to the extracellular matrix in the RER caused its dilation especially in type IIITEM cells. Some of this material acquired a globular structure. These structures were also found free in the extracellular matrix. In conclusion, the mesenchymal cells of the fibroblastic layer of the hAMs studied are heterogeneous, with some undifferentiated and others with a probably senescent fibroblastic phenotype with accumulation in their RER of fibronectin. These results may be of interest to extract mesenchymal cells from hAMs for use in regenerative medicine and to better understand the mechanisms of fetal membrane rupture.

Ferrocene Appended D-π-A chromophores for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Synthesis, Photophysical, Effect of Co-adsorbent on Photovoltaic Efficiencies and DFT studies

A new ferrocene conjugated donor–π–acceptor type of dyes 1 and 2 were synthesized and characterized using different spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, NMR, and ESI-mass). The intramolecular charge transfer process of both the dyes were analysed using the solvatochromic method, which reveals positive solvatochromism due to its well stabilization in the excited states than in the ground states. The electrochemical behavior of the dyes 1 and 2 were carried out by the cyclic voltammetric technique, which shows quasi-reversible in nature, and the potentials were further utilized for the band gap calculation with UV–visible data [2.99 eV (1) and 2.88 eV (2)]. The photovoltaic attainments of the dyes 1 and 2 were studied through the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) in the presence and absence of co-adsorbent like chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), which act as an anti-dye aggregation material. The photovoltaic parameters like short circuit current density (Jsc) = 0.067 mA cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc) = 0.444 V, fill factor (FF) = 0.447, and the cell displayed an overall conversion efficiency of 0.013 % for dye 2. In contrast, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was found to be enhanced to 0.177 % (Jsc = 0.389 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.577 V, FF =0.790), in the presence of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) co-adsorbent. This enhancement in efficiency is due to reduced dye aggregation and increased electron injection in the presence of CDCA. In addition, chromophore 2 has 1.4 times higher efficiencies than 1, attributing to the presence of an additional phenyl group making an efficient intramolecular process of 2. Furthermore, the incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies reveal the dye efficiencies were directly proportional to that of the power conversion efficiency (PCE), respectively. Moreover, the electronic structure and electron density distribution analysis were analysed for both dyes 1 and 2 to confirm the intramolecular charge transfer properties using density-functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations using the B3LYP/ 6–31+G** level of theory.

Study on the cementation and engineering properties of ternary eco-binder mortar containing pulverized coal fly ash mixed with circulating fluidized bed co-fired fly ash

This study aimed to verify the role and feasibility of co-fired fly ash (CFA) as an alternative construction material. It also demonstrated the engineering properties of CFA mortar and compared them with those of pulverized coal fly ash (PCFA) mortar. Further, CFA-PCFA-cement mortar specimens were mixed to produce ternary eco-binder mortars and find the optimal application proportion. The results pointed out that the pozzolanic strength activity index of CFA was 76 %, with only a slight pozzolanic reaction. The sum of the chemical composition (SiO2+Al2O3+Fe2O3) of CFA was insufficient to meet ASTM C618 requirements, and it was deduced that a small amount of CFA should be used as the substitute for cement or fine aggregates. Specimens with CFA replacing fine aggregates contributed to lower water absorption, improved sulfate resistance, and increased compressive strength; Specimens with CFA replacing cement reduced shrinkage and improved sulfate resistance but decreased compressive strength and increased absorption. Blended CFA-cement mortars consisting of 5 % CFA as a replacement material for cement and fine aggregates had excellent engineering properties. Ternary blended CFA-PCFA-cement mortar exhibits superior engineering properties. The optimum proportion is an economy-friendly binder composed of 10 % CFA (5 % as cement and 5 % as fine aggregates) and 10% PCFA (as a replacement for cement).

Neutron stars in accreting systems -- Signatures of the QCD phase transition

Neutron stars (NS) that are born in binary systems with a main-sequence star companion can experience mass transfer, resulting in the accumulation of material at the surface of the NS. This, in turn, leads to the continuous growth of the NS mass and the associated steepening of the gravitational potential. Supposing the central density surpasses the onset for the phase transition from nuclear, generally hadronic matter to deconfined quark-gluon plasma, which is a quantity currently constrained solely from an upper limit by asymptotic freedom in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the system may experience a dynamic response due to the appearance of additional degrees of freedom in the equation of state (EOS). This dynamical response might give rise to a rapid softening of the EOS during the transition in the hadron-quark matter co-existence region. While this phenomenon has long been studied in the context of hydrostatic configurations, the dynamical implications of this problem are still incompletely understood. It is the purpose of the present paper to simulate the dynamics of NSs with previously accreted envelopes caused by the presence of a first-order QCD phase transition. Therefore, we employed the neutrino radiation hydrodynamics treatment based on the fully general relativistic approach in spherical symmetry, implementing a three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport and a microscopic model EOS that contains a first-order hadron-quark phase transition. The associated neutrino signal shows a sudden rise in the neutrino fluxes and average energies, becoming observable for the present generation of neutrino detectors for a galactic event, and a gravitational wave mode analysis revealed the behaviors of the dominant $f$ mode and the first and the second gravity $g$ modes that are excited during the NS evolution across the QCD phase transition.

A Laboratory-Scale Evaluation of Smart Pebble Sensors Embedded in Geomaterials.

This paper introduces a novel approach to measure deformations in geomaterials using the recently developed 'Smart Pebble' sensors. Smart Pebbles were included in triaxial test specimens of unbound aggregates stabilized with geogrids. The sensors are equipped with an aggregate particle/position tracking algorithm that can manage uncertainty arising due to signal noise and random walk effects. Two Smart Pebbles were placed in each test specimen, one at specimen's mid-height, where a geogrid was installed in the mechanically stabilized specimen, and one towards the top of the specimen. Even with simple raw data processing, the trends on linear vertical acceleration indicated the ability of Smart Pebbles to assess the geomaterial configuration and applied stress states. Employing a Kalman filter-based algorithm, the Smart Pebble position coordinates were tracked during testing. The specimen's resilient deformations were simultaneously recorded. bender element shear wave transducer pairs were also installed on the specimens to further validate the Smart Pebble small-strain responses. The results indicate a close agreement between the BE sensors and Smart Pebbles estimates towards local stiffness enhancement quantification in the geogrid specimen. The study findings confirm the viability of using the Smart Pebbles in describing the resilient behavior of an aggregate material under repeated loading.

Continuous Anode Slurry Production in Twin-Screw Extruders: Effects of the Process Setup on the Dispersion

Screw design in the extrusion process has an important effect on the distribution of material through the extruder, resulting in partially filled sections in the processing zone. Accordingly, the local accumulation of material in the extruder leads to variations in material strain conditions and also influences the local residence time of the material in a given screw section. This work evaluates particle dispersion in anode slurry considering three different screw arrangements. The particle size distribution is considered as a quality parameter representing the microstructure of the battery slurry components and their distribution. Numerical simulation of the material flow behavior through a laboratory extruder was performed to investigate the filling ratios and resulting shear rates for different screw designs and process conditions. The importance of process parameters and a suitable screw configuration to achieve specific particle sizes in battery slurry is discussed.

Analisis Kelayakan Kualitas Material Batu Pecah Dan Pasir Asal Kelurahan Wandoka Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi Sebagai Bahan Konstruksi Gedung

Concrete is a construction material consisting of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate which is mixed and added with sufficient water to form a dough which then hardens into hard concrete. This study aims to determine technical feasibility, the cost and the difference to the unit price based on the 2021 Regent's Regulation and to analyze the unit cost of construction of local Wakatobi materials and materials outside Wakatobi based on Analisa Harga Satuan Pekerjaan (AHSP). The method used in this study to determine the compressive strength of concrete refers to SNI 1974; 2011 and carried out observations and measurements in the laboratory with 60 specimens in the form of a cylinder with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm with a concrete age of 28 days for each mixture variation. The results of the study obtained the compressive strength of aggregate variations on 100% Moramo coarse aggregate on crushed stone and sand with several variations. Comparison of the unit price of the Wakatobi local fine aggregate material with the outer Wakatobi fine aggregate material is 32.40% higher, the Wakatobi local coarse aggregate material unit price and the outer Wakatobi coarse aggregate material unit price is 52.17% higher. The construction unit cost for making 1 m3 of concrete using local Wakatobi materials is Rp. 1,916,756, and the construction unit cost for making 1m3 of concrete using non-wakatobi materials is Rp. 2,678,889. With a large construction unit, making 1m3 of concrete using external Wakatobi materials is 28.45% higher.

Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Guna Mengoptimalkan Penyimpanan pada Gudang

The rapid development in the industrial world forces industry players to be required to pay attention to all aspects of business in their efforts to survive in competition, including control of raw material storage for the smooth production process. UD. XYZ is an industry engaged in the production of shovels, which in the production process involves several raw materials on a fairly large scale. The limited raw material storage space available results in frequent accumulation of some raw materials which can have an effect on the continuity of the production process. Calculations are carried out using the ABC classification method, inventory turnover ratio, and min-max stock on raw material control to avoid the accumulation of raw materials in the storage room. It was noted that there were several raw materials that experienced accumulation such as iron plates, iron pipes, screws and welding wires.

MdTPR16, an apple tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-like superfamily gene, positively regulates drought stress in apple

The Tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-like superfamily with TPR conserved domains is widely involved in the growth and abiotic stress in many plants. In this report, the gene MdTPR16 belongs to the TPR family in apple (Malus domestica). Promoter analysis reveal that MdTPR16 incorporated various stress response elements, including the drought stress response elements. And different abiotic stress treatments, drought especially, significantly induce the response of MdTPR16. Overexpression of MdTPR16 result in better drought tolerance in apple and Arabidopsis by up-regulating the expression levels of drought stress-related genes, achieving a higher chlorophyll content level, more material accumulation, and overall better growth compared to WT in the drought. Under drought stress, the overexpressed MdTPR16 also mitigate the oxidative damage in cells by reducing the electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde content, and the H2O2 and O2− accumulation in apples and Arabidopsis. In conclusion, MdTPR16 act as a beneficial regulator of drought stress response by regulating the expression of related genes and the cumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).