Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Research Articles

Meta Analysis and Systematic Review of Various Treatment Options for Maxillary Lateral Incisors Agenesis

Meta Analysis and Systematic Review of Various Treatment Options for Maxillary Lateral Incisors Agenesis

Patterns of tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: A secondary analysis using the Tooth Agenesis Code.

Tooth agenesis (TA) is common in Down syndrome (DS). It is unknown whether this agenesis occurs in specific patterns, which is important regarding treatment planning and aetiological research. This study aimed to aggregate and analyze patterns of TA, excluding third molars, in individuals with DS using the tooth agenesis code (TAC). The study was designed as a secondary analysis, following STROSA guidelines. The search (MEDLINE-PubMed) and selection process resulted in six included studies encompassing 241 individuals with DS. TA data were systematically converted into TACs and analyzed per dentition, per jaw, and per tooth type. Symmetry was evaluated. The prediction was calculated for oligodontia. In the 155 cases with TA 86 distinct Overall-TAC patterns were identified. The most common patterns were bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (TAC002.002.000.000;10.3%), bilateral mandibular second premolar agenesis (TAC000.000.016.016;5.8%), and unilateral left maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (TAC000.002.000.000;5.2%). Symmetry in TA patterns was observed in 49.6% of TA cases in the maxilla and 52.3% in the mandible. The simultaneous absence of both mandibular central incisors had a large predictive value for oligodontia (OR12.44;95% CI:4.97-31.84; p<.001). Predominant TA patterns exist in DS. Observation of mandibular central incisor agenesis can promote early diagnosis of oligodontia in DS.

Implant-Prosthetic Rehabilitation of the Agenesis of Maxillary Lateral Incisors: A 2-Year Prospective Clinical Study with Full Digital Workflow

Implant-Prosthetic Rehabilitation of the Agenesis of Maxillary Lateral Incisors: A 2-Year Prospective Clinical Study with Full Digital Workflow

Relationship of complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate with malposition and malformation of maxillary lateral incisors

Cleft palate is a facial deformity that allows primary and permanent teeth to be affected by anomalies such as malpositions and malformations. The lateral incisors are the most commonly affected in patients with cleft palate. The diagnosis of malposition and dental malformation is established through history taking, clinical examination, and diagnostic evaluation in the form of study models, clinical photos, and panoramic radiographs. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate and maxillary lateral incisor malposition and malformation. The research method is analytic cross-sectional, with the research sample consisting of 35 primary data from clinical examinations and secondary data from panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients 5-13 years old at YPPCBL RSGM Padjadjaran University, Bandung. This study looked at the clinical condition of dental anomalies and the interpretation of panoramic radiographs. Data were analyzed using Kendall Concordal analysis and Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that the impaction is the most common type of maxillary lateral incisor malposition found in complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate. Peg shape is the most common type of maxillary lateral incisor malformation found in complete unilateral cleft palate. The highest rate of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis was found in bilateral complete cleft palate compared to complete unilateral clefts. There is a relationship between complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate, which was statistically significant at 78% with p-value = 5.69E-32 &amp;#60;0.05. The conclusion of the study is there is a relationship between the unilateral cleft palate; and bilateral complete with malposition and malformation of maxillary lateral incisors.

Shear Bond Strength of Simulated Single-Retainer Resin-Bonded Bridges Made of Four CAD/CAM Materials for Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Rehabilitation.

Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA), treated orthodontically by space opening, requires complimentary aesthetic rehabilitation. Resin-bonded bridges (RBBs) can be equated as interim rehabilitation until skeletal maturity is achieved to place an implant-supported crown or as definitive rehabilitation in case of financial restrictions or implant contraindications. Scientific evidence of the best material must be confirmed in specific clinical situations. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials are promising versatile restorative options. This study aimed to identify a straightforward material to deliver interim or definitive RBBs for nonprepared tooth replacement in MLIA. Single-retainer RBB made from CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (Vita Enamic [ENA], Suprinity [SUP], and zirconia [Y-ZPT]) and a three-dimensional (3D) printed material (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene [ABS]) were evaluated by shear bond strength (SBS) and mode of failure, after adherence to an artificial tooth with RelyX Ultimate used in a three-step adhesive strategy. The load to fracture (N) was recorded, and the mean shear stress (MPa) was calculated with standard deviations (SD) for each group and compared between materials using boxplot graphics. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test was used to compare the differences (α = 0.05). A meta-analysis focusing on CAD/CAM materials evaluated the magnitude of the difference between groups based on differences in means and effect sizes (α = 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]; Z-value = 1.96). Failure mode was determined by microscopic observation and correlated with the maximum load to fracture of the specimen. The mean ± SD SBS values were ENA (24.24 ± 9.05 MPa) < ABS (24.01 ± 1.94 MPa) < SUP (29.17 ± 4.78 MPa) < Y-ZPT (37.43 ± 12.20 MPa). The failure modes were mainly adhesive for Y-ZPT, cohesive for SUP and ENA, and cohesive with plastic deformation for ABS. Vita Enamic, Suprinity, Y-ZPT zirconia, and 3D-printed ABS RBBs are optional materials for rehabilitating MLIA. The option for each material is conditioned to estimate the time of use and necessity of removal for orthodontic or surgical techniques.

Esthetic Perception of Different Clinical Situations of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis According to Populations with Dental and Non-Dental Backgrounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Treatment of unilateral or bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is challenging, time-consuming, expensive, and requires careful treatment planning, predictability, and esthetics. This review aimed to identify differences in esthetic perception among orthodontists, general dentists, differentiated dentists, and laypersons, which may interfere with treatment options. EBSCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were searched using keyword pairing and a Boolean expression, “(congenitally missing OR agenesis OR hypodontia) AND (maxillary lateral incisors) AND (esthetic perception OR smile) AND (laypersons OR dental professional OR general dentist OR orthodontists).” Reviews and case studies were excluded. A total of 13 studies were selected for qualitative analysis (adapted ROBINS-I) and 11 were selected for meta-analysis (p &lt; 0.05) after being sub-grouped into “Opening vs. Closure” and “No remodeling vs. Dental remodeling vs. Dental and gingival remodeling” groups. A meta-analysis evaluated the magnitude of the difference between groups based on differences in means and effect sizes (α = 0.05; 95% CI; Z-value 1.96), revealing that the esthetic perception of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis treatment remains controversial even among professionals. Gingival remodeling was not valued compared to isolated dental remodeling. Studies lack rigorously comparable methodologies. Discussion with the patient is pertinent in doubtful situations, as the best treatment option remains unclear, and overtreatment should be avoided.

Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors.

(1) Background: Hypodontia has a multifactorial aetiology, in which genetic factors are a major component. Associated with this congenital absence, the formed teeth may show differences in size and shape, which may vary with the specific genetic variants and with the location of the missing teeth. The aims of the present study were to investigate a specific variant of MSX1, derive morphometric tooth measurements in a sample of patients with isolated maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and matched controls, and model the findings. (2) Methods: Genotyping of the MSX1 rs8670 genetic variant and morphometric measurements with a 2D image analysis method were performed for 26 hypodontia patients and 26 matched controls. (3) Results: The risk of upper lateral incisor agenesis was 6.9 times higher when the T allele was present. The morphometric parameters showed significant differences between hypodontia patients and controls and between the unilateral and bilateral agenesis cases. The most affected crown dimension in the hypodontia patients was the bucco-lingual dimension. In crown shape there was significant variation the Carabelli trait in upper first molars. (4) Conclusions: The MSX1 rs8670 variant was associated with variations in morphological outcomes. The new findings for compensatory interactions between the maxillary incisors indicate that epigenetic and environmental factors interact with this genetic variant. A single-level directional complex interactive network model incorporates the variations seen in this study.

Implant–Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis with Narrow Diameter Implants and Metal–Ceramic vs. All-Ceramic Single Crowns: A 16-Year Prospective Clinical Study

The main objectives of the present prospective clinical study were to evaluate the marginal bone resorption and the peri-implant soft tissue conditions around narrow diameter implants, as well as the clinical performances of metal–ceramic and all-ceramic single crowns in the implant–prosthetic treatment of maxillary lateral incisors agenesis. Seventy-two patients affected by monolateral or bilateral agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors were included in the study, and a total of 105 narrow diameter implants were inserted. The final single crowns were fabricated 4 months after the surgical procedures by means of either titanium abutments with Auro-Galvan Crowns (AGC) veneered with feldspathic ceramics or zirconia abutments with all-ceramic (alumina or zirconia) crowns layered with dedicated veneering ceramics. Both marginal bone resorption and soft tissue quality were evaluated after a maximum period of 16 years. Two independent survival curves for patients wearing AGC or all-ceramic crowns were calculated by means of Kaplan–Meier analysis, and a log-rank test was performed in order to compare these curves (p &lt; 0.05). After 16 years of clinical function, a mean marginal bone resorption of 1.2 ± 0.61 mm and good response of peri-implant soft tissues were observed. Descriptive statistics resulted in 80% and 87.1% cumulative success rates for patients provided with AGC prostheses onto titanium abutments and all-ceramic crowns on-to zirconia abutments, respectively. The cumulative survival rate calculated for AGC group was 93.3%, whereas all-ceramic group showed a cumulative survival rate of 95.7%. No statistically significant differences were found with the log-rank tests. The overall success and survival rates calculated were 85% and 95% for all the restorations, respectively. Mucositis, abutment unscrewing, loss of retention, chipping, core fracture, and esthetic failure were the major complications reported. The implant–prosthetic approach can be considered an effective and viable solution to treat cases of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis in the long term.

Prevalence of congenital missing lateral incisors in military hospital population

Background: The congenital absence of teeth results from disturbance during the initial stage of tooth formation. The teeth most often missing are the second premolars, the maxillary lateral incisors, and the third molars. In this study, we aim to analyze a large sample to obtain a clear and valid picture of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors (agenesis) or any other abnormalities related to maxillary lateral incisors. This agenesis could be the cause of malocclusion and will affect methods of treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional design will be used to retrieve patient&amp;apos;s information prior to 2020 from medical records using panoramic radiographs. A total of 2,500 Saudi males and females with an age range of 12-30 years old in a military hospital in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) participated in the study. Results: The findings indicate that agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors was present in 5.01% with no statistically significant difference between unilateral and bilateral occurrence. Malformation was observed more on the left side (5.21%) with a significant difference in missing between the right and left. Regarding gender, it was more frequent in females than males (66.12%). Conclusion: The prevalence of congenitally missing teeth in this sample study in a military hospital was within the range of reported data in the literature for other populations. The most significant finding was the gender difference with a higher presence in females than in males.

Closure of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis space in unilateral cleft lip and palate: a digital model assessment

To compare dental positional and gingival parameters of maxillary anterior teeth in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) after orthodontic treatment with canine substitution due to lateral incisor agenesis. This split-mouth study comprised 57 subjects with UCLP (31 male, 26 female) and agenesis of maxillary lateral incisor at the cleft side, from a single center. Canine substitution was completed after the secondary alveolar bone graft. Dental models were taken between 2 to 6 months after debonding (mean age: 20.4 years). The following variables were measured in the maxillary anterior teeth: crown height, width, proportion, and symmetry, as well as steps between incisal edges, gingival margins, tooth mesiodistal angulation and labiolingual inclination. Paired t-tests with Bonferroni post-hoc correction was used for comparisons between cleft and non-cleft sides (p<0.05). At the cleft side, canines replacing missing lateral incisors had a higher crown height (0.77mm) and an increased width (0.67mm), and first premolars showed a shorter crown height (1.39mm). Asymmetries were observed in the gingival level of central and lateral incisors, with a greater clinical crown at the cleft side (0.61 and 0.81mm, respectively). Cleft side central incisors were more upright than their contralaterals (2.12º). Maxillary anterior teeth demonstrated positional, size and gingival height differences between cleft and non-cleft side after space closure of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis. Slight asymmetries in tooth position and gingival margin in the maxillary anterior teeth should be expected after orthodontic treatment in UCLP patients.

Orthodontic management of missing maxillary lateral incisors: A case report

The agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors affects the Quality of Life and self-esteem of patients. The management of such patients can be done by either opening the space and replacing it with the prosthesis or closing the space and substituting the canine as a lateral incisor. The choice of treatment decision depends upon the proper diagnosis and treatment planning of the case. In this case report, a skeletal class II patient with dental diagnosis Angle’s class II malocclusion and spacing in the maxillary arch due to missing lateral incisors is presented with the chief complaint of gap in the upper front region of jaw which is effectively treated with orthodontic space closure followed by a restorative procedure.

Non-syndromic hypodontia of maxillary lateral incisors and its association with other dental anomalies

BackgroundTooth agenesis (TA) is the developmental absence of one or more teeth and is the most common craniofacial disorder in humans. Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) is a specific subtype of TA and can have esthetic, functional, and psychosocial implications for patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of MLIA amongst patients with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, as well as its association with other dental anomalies.Materials and methodsThe dental records of 240 patients with non-syndromic congenitally missing teeth treated at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Orthodontics were reviewed. Dolphin Imaging software was used to identify missing teeth, microdonts, peg laterals, impactions, and transpositions. Data were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. All the tests were two-sided at the significance level of 0.05 (SAS 9.4).ResultsIn the patient cohort, MLIA prevalence was 37.5% (second most common) and no gender or ethnic differences were identified. We also observed the bilaterally missing lateral incisors more frequently than the unilateral presentation (p = 0.0006). Additionally, 62.5% of patients with unilateral MLIA displayed a contralateral tooth that was a peg (p = 0.0001); however, no association was found with other microdonts. Furthermore, of the 90 patients missing at least one maxillary lateral incisor, 42.2% were missing another tooth type and 10% of MLIA patients also had an impacted tooth (mainly maxillary canines). However, these were not statistically significant. Finally, no transposed teeth were found in our patients.ConclusionsThis study found that maxillary lateral incisors were the second most frequently missing teeth. When clinicians diagnose congenital absence of a maxillary lateral incisor, the patient should be evaluated for other missing teeth, peg lateral incisors, or potential impactions, especially maxillary canines.

Skeletal and dentoalveolar characteristics of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis patients: a comparative cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to evaluate the cephalometric and dentoalveolar characteristics of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis patients, and to compare the findings to a matched control group without tooth agenesis, excluding third molars, from the same population.MethodsThe pre-orthodontic records of 72 non-growing patients, who were treated at the Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, were used to address the aim of this retrospective study. Patients having unilateral or bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis, with no history of previous orthodontic treatment, congenital craniofacial malformations, facial trauma, or surgeries were divided into two test groups based on the pattern of maxillary lateral incisors agenesis (group I: unilateral (UMLIA), group II: bilateral (BMLIA)). A control group (group III (CTRL)) having a complete set of permanent dentition (excluding third molars), and having no dental anomalies was age-matched with the test groups. Measurements were performed on the pre-orthodontic lateral cephalometric radiographs and the pre-orthodontic digital dental casts. The measured variables were compared between the groups using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests according to the normality of the variable. In case of significant results, both tests were followed by multiple pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni adjusted significance level. Significance level was set at P < 0.05.ResultsBMLIA group showed a smaller SNA angle and maxillary length, a more negative ANB angle and Wits appraisal, and a larger Maxillo-mandibular differential than UMLIA and/or CTRL group. The dental and soft tissue cephalometric measurements did not show any significant differences between the groups. Dentoalveolar cast measurements showed that BMLIA patients presented with significantly smaller maxillary inter-canine width than UMLIA and CTRL patients.ConclusionsCephalometric analysis has shown that subjects with BMLIA have a statistically significant reduced ANB and maxillary length. Tooth eruption may play a role in the development of the maxillary arch.

Upper lateral incisor agenesis in deciduous and permanent dentition: case study

Upper lateral incisor agenesis is characterized by the absence of dental elements and can be a challenge for professionals regarding treatment possibilities, especially in deciduous dentition where it occurs less frequently. The aim of this report was to describe a case about the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors in deciduous and permanent dentition. A child of 02 years and 04 months old attended the dental office with his mother. During the evaluation, the mother's main complaint was the aesthetic compromise due to the appearance of her daughter's smile, the radiographic examination was observed in the absence of the deciduous dental elements and permanent germs. This article discusses which treatment alternatives offer better quality of life due to negative aesthetic impact, as well as related social, economic and psychological aspects.

Dental and skeletal features in subjects with missing maxillary lateral incisors: a case control retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between missing maxillary lateral incisors and the mesio-distal (MD) diameters of the teeth. Occlusal and skeletal characteristics of the patients have been analyzed. Seventy-nine patients were included in the study (permanent dentition, mean age: 13.7): 30 subjects with uni- or bilateral maxillary lateral incisors agenesis (study group, SG) and 49 patients with no maxillary lateral incisors agenesis (control group, CG). Orthopanoramics, plaster models and cephalometric analysis were used to perform the evaluations. Compared to the CG, in the SG, most of the teeth had smaller MD diameter. In the bilateral agenesis subgroup, the average differences between teeth diameters were lower than those found by comparing them to the unilateral agenesis subgroup and to the SG. Overjet was reduced on average in the SG. In the SG were found less cases of cross-bite and scissor-bite, less frequency of impaction of at least one tooth and agenesis of other teeth, crowding only in the lower arch, square or ovoid arch shape in the upper arch and square in the lower arch, increased interincisal angle and decreased SN^GoMe. Upper lateral incisors agenesis, especially in cases of unilateral agenesis, is associated with MD teeth reduction. The agenesis of the upper lateral incisors is associated with a greater probability of agenesis affecting other teeth, molar and canine class II, reduced overjet and overbite, square or ovoid upper arch shapes, increased interincisal angle and reduced total divergence.

Correlation of Dental Anomalies with Cleft Type and Gender in Non-Syndromic Oral Cleft Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

To investigate the distribution of dental anomalies between non-syndromic orofacial cleft patients and their association with the cleft type and gender. Retrospective cross-sectional study involving examination of intraoral dental records and radiographs. 300 non-syndromic orofacial cleft patients included (161 males and 139 females, mean age: 10.23 ± 2.3 years). Variables analyzed: tooth agenesis, microdontia, and supernumerary teeth. Data analysis: Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to investigate the correlation between dental anomalies, cleft type, and gender. Agenesis occurred in 66% of the subjects, supernumerary teeth in 19.6%, and microdontia in 18.3%. In females with unilateral left cleft lip and palate (CLP), agenesis was significantly higher compared to males. Both genders presented significant agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and right central incisor. Significant agenesis of central incisor, canine and second premolar on the upper left side and lower second premolars were observed only in males, with significant microdontia for maxillary lateral incisors and left central incisor. Significant agenesis of maxillary first premolars was seen only in females. Agenesis in maxillary quadrants was significant for patients with unilateral right and left CLP, and bilateral CLP. In mandibular quadrants, agenesis was substantially higher for patients with isolated CP. Results suggest that tooth agenesis and microdontia might not be directly associated with the cleft area's anatomical irregularity but are affected by gender and other genetic factors that regulate the development of the anomaly and the orofacial clefting mutually.

Relationship between Craniovertebral Abnormalities and Maxillary Lateral Incisors Agenesis: A Case-Control Study.

Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether the sella turcica bridging (STB) and ponticulus posticous (PP) are associated with the congenital missing maxillary lateral incisor (CMMLI), based on lateral cephalograms of patients who needed orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods This case-control study examined 160 panoramic images and lateral cephalograms of 2000 patients seeking orthodontic treatment. The case group included 80 patients with CMMLI (40 with unilateral and 40 with bilateral CMMLI) and the control group included 80 patients without CMMLI. Panoramic images were used to diagnose CMMLI and lateral cephalograms showed STB and PP extension. The researchers used statistical analyses to examine the relationship among STB, PP, and CMMLI (P < 0.05). Results The prevalence of STB type I, II, and III was 47.5%, 35%, and 17.5% in the case group and 72.5%, 22.5%, and 5% in the control group, respectively, determining a positive relationship between CMMLI and STB and a significant relationship between bilateral CMMLI and STB (P < 0.05 for both). The prevalence of normal, incomplete, and complete PP extension was 80%, 5%, and 15% in the case group and 82.5%, 5%, and 12.5% in the control group, respectively. There was no significant relationship between CMMLI and PP extension (P > 0.05) and between the STB and the PP extension (P > 0.05). Conclusion CMMLI was significantly related to STB but not to PP extension. Investigating the relationship between unilateral/bilateral CMMLI, STB, and PP has shown only a significant relationship between bilateral CMMLI and STB. There was no significant relationship between STB and PP extension.

Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is associated with maxillary form: a geometric morphometric analysis

Background and objectiveAgenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor occurs in up to 4% of all individuals and requires multidisciplinary treatment. Its developmental origins, however, are not fully understood. Earlier studies documented genetic factors contributing to agenesis but also an association with craniofacial morphology. In this study, we assessed the association between maxillary morphology and lateral incisor agenesis by a geometric morphometric approach to disentangle the roles of developmental plasticity and genetic factors.Materials and methodsWe quantified the maxillary alveolar ridge by 19 two-dimensional landmarks on cross-sectional images of 101 computed tomography scans. We compared the shape and size of the alveolar ridge across patients with unilateral or bilateral agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and patients with extracted or in situ incisors.ResultsThe maxillary alveolar ridge was clearly narrower in patients with agenesis or an extracted incisor compared to the control group, whereas the contralateral side of the unilateral agenesis had an intermediate width. Despite massive individual variation, the ventral curvature of the alveolar ridge was, on average, more pronounced in the bilateral agenesis group compared to unilateral agenesis and tooth extraction.ConclusionsThis suggests that pleiotropic genetic and epigenetic factors influence both tooth development and cranial growth, but an inappropriately sized or shaped alveolar process may also inhibit normal formation or development of the tooth bud, thus leading to dental agenesis.Clinical relevanceOur results indicate that bilateral agenesis of the lateral incisor tends to be associated with a higher need of bone augmentation prior to implant placement than unilateral agenesis.

An Assessment of the Correlation Between Tooth Size and Agenesis of Maxillary Lateral Incisor in Subjects Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment.

Background and objectiveOcclusion rehabilitation and restoration are difficult in subjects with congenitally missing lateral incisors, either unilaterally or bilaterally, and often lead to malocclusion and warrant replacement. The present study was conducted to assess the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisor unilaterally and bilaterally and to examine tooth size discrepancy in agenesis subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment.Materials and methodsWe assessed 32 dental casts of both genders (17 males and 15 females) with missing maxillary lateral incisors either unilaterally or bilaterally. Mesiodistal dimensions were measured and a comparison of tooth sizes was done for control and test groups. The data were assessed and the results were documented.ResultsLateral incisors of the maxillary arch were statistically smaller in the test group compared to the control group. This was true for both males and females (p=0.001 for both). A similar finding was observed with respect to the overall study group (p<0.0001).ConclusionBased on our findings, maxillary lateral incisor agenesis plays a role in malocclusion development.

Familial Aggregation Pattern of Non-Syndromic Combined Aplasia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors and Third Molars

Congenitally missing teeth, the most common dental anomaly, refers to teeth whose germ did not develop sufficiently to allow the differentiation of the dental tissues.&#x0D; This study aimed to determine the importance of genetic investigations on oral health-related quality of life in children with congenitally missing lateral incisors.&#x0D; We are presenting a genetic study performed by the A.S. Division of Medical Genetics, in Bucharest, Romania, in the case of a patient (16-year-old boy) presenting bilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis in the permanent dentition, a hereditary, non-syndromic familial hypodontia in three successive generations, which suggest an autosomal dominant inheritance, combined with aplasia of maxillary third molars.&#x0D; The oral visual examination and the radiological exam of the patient were completed with the oral photographic examination, the family historyinvestigation, the pedigree, and the analysis of the studied family’s genealogical tree, after acquiring the signed informed consent of the patient.&#x0D; The genetic investigations of the congenitally missing lateral incisors, allow the calculation of the anomaly recurrence risk amongst offspring, and the direct and specialized monitoring of affected families, in order to limit the potential complications.