Agenda Item Research Articles

A Letter from the American Historical Association to California’s Placentia–Yorba Linda Unified School District

Research Article| May 01 2023 A Letter from the American Historical Association to California’s Placentia–Yorba Linda Unified School District James R. Grossman James R. Grossman JAMES R. GROSSMAN is executive director of the American Historical Association. Formerly vice-president for research and education at the Newberry Library, he has taught at the University of Chicago and the University of California, San Diego. The author of Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration and A Chance to Make Good: African-Americans, 1900–1929, Grossman was project director and coeditor of the print and digital Encyclopedia of Chicago. He is editor emeritus of the University of Chicago Press book series “Historical Studies of Urban America,” which he abandoned to his colleagues after fifty volumes. Articles and short essays have focused on urban history, African American history, ethnicity, higher education, and the place of history in public culture. Short pieces have appeared in the Chicago Tribune, New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Time, New York Daily News, North Shore Magazine, Chronicle of Higher Education, The Hill, and elsewhere. Grossman’s consulting experience includes history-related projects generated by BBC, Smithsonian, various “Teaching American History” programs, and a wide range of theater companies, films, museums, libraries, and foundations. He has served on governing boards of the American Council of Learned Societies, Association of American Colleges and Universities, Center for Research Libraries, National Humanities Alliance, Vivian G. Harsh Society, and Chicago Metro History Education Center. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar California History (2023) 100 (2): 78–81. https://doi.org/10.1525/ch.2023.100.2.78 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James R. Grossman; A Letter from the American Historical Association to California’s Placentia–Yorba Linda Unified School District. California History 1 May 2023; 100 (2): 78–81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/ch.2023.100.2.78 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCalifornia History Search In January 2022, the American Historical Association (AHA) sent a letter to the leadership of the Placentia–Yorba Linda Unified School District (California) opposing a proposed Resolution No. 21–12, “Resolution Opposing the Teaching of Critical Race Theory” (see the proposed resolution at https://4.files.edl.io/e3c9/11/22/21/155531-39d91aa4-c235-4949-a1f4-153f76aa17e8.pdf). We were alerted to this agenda item by a resident concerned about censorship and the quality of history education. We immediately noticed that its text resembled bills being introduced in many state legislatures; the AHA had already begun writing letters to members of those legislatures (for the AHA’s list of letters, organized by state—at this writing, eighteen states—see https://www.historians.org/news-and-advocacy/teaching-history-with-integrity/freedom-to-learn). In this particular letter the AHA noted that “the proposal singled out one set of ideas—critical race theory—as a subject that cannot be taught in Placentia–Yorba Linda schools. The letter includes a link to a statement criticizing similar legislative efforts to restrict education about racism in American... You do not currently have access to this content.

Modernisasi Manajemen Pesantren Menyongsong Era Society 5.0

Modernization of pesantren management is an important agenda item to be implemented immediately in welcoming the era of "society 5.0." The massive use of technology and information in the era of "society 5.0" provides challenges as well as opportunities for pesantren to adapt substantively and administratively. The aim of this research is to get a description of the modernization of pesantren management carried out at the Pesantren Al-Kautsar Banjar in response to Society 5.0. This research used a descriptive-qualitative approach. The empirical research data collection techniques are carried out in two ways, namely, primary data collection through field research, interviews, and direct observation, as well as secondary data obtained from library sources. The results of the research show that the modernization of pesantren management has been carried out at the Pesantren Al-Kautsar Banjar with five indicators, namely intentionality, novelty, specificity, acceptability, and direction towards certain goals.

Digital Connectivity Bridging Digital ASEAN

The world is changing rapidly with the adoption of sophisticated digital technology. The foremost tool for digital technology operation is digital connectivity infrastructure. To unleash the potential of the digital economy in ASEAN countries, the foundation is upgrading its digital connection, which is a key part of making digitalization feasible. This study identified five factors that contributed to the digital connectivity of ten ASEAN countries and used them to calculate the overall score of each country to show its performance in terms of digital connectivity. The competitive analysis results of the five digital connectivity enablers in each country show their respective strengths and shortcomings. Myanmar made the greatest progress in overall digital connectivity, due to its engaging in national regulatory reforms and focusing connectivity developments after realizing the need to improve their ICT infrastructure. There is still much room for improvement in the network performance of ASEAN countries; among all ten countries, only Singapore has reached a very satisfactory level. Striving to narrow the digital connectivity development gap would be an important agenda item for all ASEAN countries.

Applying a new approach to the governance of healthcare quality at board level

PurposeThis paper describes a quality improvement project to improve oversight of quality at national board level using statistical process control (SPC) methods, complimented by a qualitative experience of patients and frontline staff. It demonstrates the application of the “Picture-Understanding-Action” approach and shares the lessons learnt.Design/methodology/approachUsing co-design and applying the “Picture-Understanding-Action” approach, the project team supported the directors of the Irish health system to identify and test a qualitative and quantitative picture of the quality of care across the health system. A “Quality Profile” consisting of quantitative indicators, analysed using SPC methods was used to provide an overview of the “critical few” indicators across health and social care. Patient and front-line staff experiences added depth and context to the data. These methods were tested and evolved over the course of six meetings, leading to quality of care being prioritised and interrogated at board level.FindingsThis project resulted in the integration of quality as a substantive and prioritised agenda item. Using best practice SPC methods with associated training produced better understanding of performance of the system. In addition, bringing patient and staff experiences of quality to the forefront “people-ised” the data.Originality/valueThe application of the “Picture-Understanding-Action” approach facilitated the development of a co-designed quality agenda item. This is a novel process that shifted the focus from “providing” information to co-designing fit-for-purpose information at board level.

WRC-23 on the Horizon: Large Satellite Constellations, ITU Issues, and Industry Perspective

Although the previous World Radiocommunications Conference (WRC-19) attempted to resolve spectrum-sharing issues among the disparate new satellite constellations, issues have multiplied as these constellations are coming into use before all the rules have been created. The upcoming WRC, to be held at the end of 2023, will grapple with spectrum and situational sharing issues among constellations that are larger than ever before, and that are disrupting national regimes designed for licensing more traditional, one-at-a-time geostationary satellites. The agenda for WRC-27 will surely include multiple areas of study related to constellations, and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) will need to work closely with the UN’s Office of Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) to resolve situational issues such as traffic management, debris, and the sustainability of the outer space environment. The emergence of operational constellations is disrupting legal regimes for states and industrial players, and future Agenda Items (AIs) should be added to WRC-27 or future Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) sessions. constellations, LEO, ITU, spectrum, WRC

Socio-economic and ethnic disparities in childhood cancer survival, Yorkshire, UK

BackgroundEstablishing the existence of health inequalities remains a high research and policy agenda item in the United Kingdom. We describe ethnic and socio-economic differences in paediatric cancer survival, focusing specifically on the extent to which disparities have changed over a 20-year period.MethodsCancer registration data for 2674 children (0–14 years) in Yorkshire were analysed. Five-year survival estimates by ethnic group (south Asian/non-south Asian) and Townsend deprivation fifths (I–V) were compared over time (1997–2016) for leukaemia, lymphoma, central nervous system (CNS) and other solid tumours. Hazard ratios (HR: 95% CI) from adjusted Cox models quantified the joint effect of ethnicity and deprivation on mortality risk over time, framed through causal interpretation of the deprivation coefficient.ResultsIncreasing deprivation was associated with significantly higher risk of death for children with leukaemia (1.11 (1.03–1.20)) and all cancers between 1997 and 2001. While we observed a trend towards reducing differences in survival over time in this group, a contrasting trend was observed for CNS tumours whereby sizeable variation in outcome remained for cases diagnosed until 2012. South Asian children with lymphoma had a 15% reduced chance of surviving at least 5 years compared to non-south Asian, across the study period.DiscussionEven in the United Kingdom, with a universally accessible healthcare system, socio-economic and ethnic disparities in childhood cancer survival exist. Findings should inform where resources should be directed to provide all children with an equitable survival outcome following a cancer diagnosis.

Two Responsibilities to Protect

The purpose of this paper is to re-theorize the evolution of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) in the UN through to 2011, the apogee of liberal interventionism in the post-Cold War period. Contrary to a common argument in existing literature, and notwithstanding the adoption of the concept as an annual agenda item of the General Assembly, international contestation is not about implementation as neatly separated from meaning, but rather definition or interpretation. To better understand the boundaries of intergovernmental understanding, we need to interrogate the language or terms of the debate, particularly the ways in which those terms have been practiced. There have been two Responsibilities to Protect in international society. A discursive practice called Southern RtoP, traced through UN-based political dialogue, contests a meaning that has been prevalent for 20 years at least: that of Northern RtoP. This article shows evaluative nuance and data from the perspective of the Global South and provides a discursive history of an ongoing non-aligned protest against a NATO-associated theory of defeasible sovereignty. Deux responsabilités de protéger

Analysis of the WRC-23 Agenda Item Concerning the Future Use of the 470-694 MHz Band in Europe

The upcoming World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23), according to the preliminary agenda item 1.5, will decide the long-term use of the 470-694 MHz band in International Telecommunication Union Region 1 and consider regulatory actions for the rest of the decade. This article attempts to inform the debate on the future use of spectrum in the 470- 694 MHz band and the status of broadcasting services at the European level and in many individual member states. This article highlights the role WRCs played by allocation of the previous digital dividend bands for mobile services. It provides an overview of the most recent trends and developments of existing services in the sub-700 MHz band. The article also explores and analyzes options for future use of the 470-694 MHz band in Europe and discusses the benefits and implications of adopting each option. Based on this analysis, it is recommended to introduce a secondary allocation to mobile service in the downlink-only mode alongside traditional broadcasting services in the sub-700 MHz band at the upcoming WRC-23.

Investigate the significant impact of Effective Strategic Management on The Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses: A Case Study of M-Gurush Money Transfer Company

This study aims to investigate the impact of effective strategic management on the performance of small and medium-sized businesses through a case study of M-Gurush Money Transfer Company Limited. There are initiatives on the impact of mobile money in various places throughout the world, including Juba, South Sudan. Given that the definition of financial inclusion is "the share of individuals and firms that use financial services," the majority of studies have focused on the relationship between financial inclusion and mobile money (World Bank Group, 2014). Unquestionably, the growth of mobile money in Sub-Saharan Africa helps to accomplish this first goal. The global agenda item of financial inclusion is of great interest to policymakers, regulators, academia, businesses, and other stakeholders. Conduct a study for the M-Gurush Money Transfer Company, situated in Juba, South Sudan, evaluating the effectiveness of strategic management practices used by small and medium-sized businesses. Analyze how effective strategic management affects small and medium-sized firms' performance. Another crucial aspect of m-gurush money transfer is the generation of new concepts and technological innovations.

Preparing for the Next Leadership Position, Part 3: The Campus Interview

Preparing for the Next Leadership Position, Part 3: The Campus Interview

Babies before bottom lines: A call for Australia to end exploitative marketing of commercial milk formula at home and abroad

Babies before bottom lines: A call for Australia to end exploitative marketing of commercial milk formula at home and abroad

What’s on the agenda? UN climate change negotiation agendas since 1995

ABSTRACT Our understanding of climate change has expanded to include issues beyond reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Yet, we do not have a sound empirical understanding of how negotiations under the auspices of the United Nations have evolved to address an increasingly wide range of issues relevant to climate change. To understand what the climate talks have focused on and how the volume of work has changed, the authors create a Climate Negotiations Database that categorizes negotiation agenda items starting from the first Conference of the Parties (COP) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1995. Overall, the volume of work in the negotiations is shown to have steadily increased over time but it is not necessarily tied to the negotiation of new rules enshrined in major agreements or outcomes. While the negotiations have broadened to include a wider range of issues, we demonstrate that transparency and mitigation matters traditionally dominate the agendas. This finding lends support to the call for greater balance among issues. Transparency and mitigation show different patterns. While mitigation issues are more negotiations-intensive, and often about markets, the transparency discussions tend to be more implementation-focused. The database provides an empirical base for further research on various aspects of global climate governance.

Virtual Reality Simulation for Emergency Management teams – A Literature Review

The objective of this review was to provide a summary of virtual reality (VR) simulation for emergency management (EM) teams and suggest future research agenda items. A systematic literature review was conducted using three databases: PsycINFO, Compendex (Engineering Village), and Web of Science. A total of five articles met inclusion criteria and thus were reviewed here. Our review identified four common aspects of VR-based EM team simulation: coordination, communication, decision-making, and situation awareness. Future research is recommended to investigate other aspects of team cognition and collective characteristics as to how these are related to team performance. The level of fidelity of the VR simulation was identified as an important factor to consider when designing VR simulations for different populations with varying experience level. The adoption of more immersive VR systems would be beneficial to improving ecological validity. Moreover, a deep analysis of fidelity and simulation effectiveness is recommended.

Mapping the extent, range and nature of research activity on value-based healthcare in the 15 years following its introduction (2006–2021): a scoping review

ObjectivesWe aimed to systematically map the extent, range and nature of research activity on value-based healthcare (VBHC), and to identify research gaps.DesignA scoping review with an additional cited reference search...

Explicit and implicit knowledge and learning of an additional language: A research agenda

AbstractThis paper puts forward a research agenda in the area of explicit and implicit knowledge and learning of second or additional languages. Based on a brief overview of reliable findings as well as open questions in the field, three agenda items are highlighted. First, valid and reliable measures of explicit and, in particular, implicit knowledge and learning need to be identified and their suitability for participants of different ages established. Second, and closely related to the previous point, explicit and implicit knowledge and learning should be investigated across the human lifespan. Therefore, studies need to include to a greater extent hitherto under-represented groups such as children and older adults in order to pinpoint the benefits or otherwise of implicit and, in particular, explicit knowledge and learning in these age ranges. Third, researchers should aim to capture with their designs the complex and dynamic interplay of the multiple cognitive, affective, biographical and contextual factors that influence the development of explicit and implicit knowledge over time. Concrete tasks for future research are proposed under these three agenda items, with a view to assisting interested investigators in formulating research questions and specifying research designs.

A Partnership Among Local Public Health Agencies, Elementary Schools, and a University to Address Childhood Obesity: A Scalable Model of the Assess, Identify, Make It Happen Process.

One pathway to addressing childhood obesity is through implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) shown to promote nutrition and physical activity in K-12 school settings. Assess, Identify, Make it happen (AIM) is a strategic planning process to engage stakeholders in implementing EBPs in their K-12 schools. Local Public Health Agencies (LPHAs) are a potential partner to facilitate this process to a broader audience of rural school communities. A process and outcome evaluation design was applied in this study to examine the extent to which LPHAs effectively implemented AIM with rural/frontier schools in comparison to university staff. Data collection included post-meeting surveys completed by facilitators, a post-intervention interview with facilitators, a survey of school task force members at the end of the AIM process, and systematic documentation of the intervention. Reach -Among the 26 eligible elementary schools, 18 (69%) agreed to participate. Effect -In total, schools facilitated by LPHAs fully implemented an average of 4.0 changes per school, while schools facilitated by the university staff fully implemented an average of 3.7 changes. Adoption -Among the five LPHAs in the target region, all five agreed to partner on the initiative, but some agencies were unable to identify sufficient personnel to facilitate all schools in their catchment area. Implementation -(1) In total, 89 of 94 (95%) meetings scheduled by LPHA facilitators occurred. 47 of 48 (98%) meetings scheduled by the university staff occurred. (2) The university staff self-reported 93% of agenda items in the AIM process as "completely" followed while LPHA facilitators reported 41% of agenda items as "completely" followed. (3) Task force satisfaction with the AIM process and facilitator showed limited variance across LPHAs and university-facilitated schools. Maintenance -Of the 16 school districts that agreed to participate in the school-based version of AIM, 9 (56%) also participated in a district-wide version of AIM 2 years later. AIM is an effective process for implementing EBPs in elementary schools when facilitated by LPHAs. Effective partnerships, a nuanced approach to fidelity, scalability considerations, and the role of technical assistance and training all contributed to the successful implementation of this LPHA-Elementary school partnership.

A General Approach for Meeting Summarization: From Speech to Extractive Summarization

Developing technologies and techniques have increased the amount of information and enabled easier access to information resources. However, due to the ever-growing amount of information sources, it has become difficult to access the information needed in a limited time. Consequently, the need for summary information has become important. This research is focused on the extraction of inferential written summaries of communications that occur in oral environments such as meetings, lectures and conferences. However, since this type of problem requires conversion from audio to text, it also includes issues such as the human factor, sound recording environments, and language-specific problems. This study aimed to take the audio recordings of the meetings, especially the IT sector, to process and summarize. Spontaneous conversations were converted into audio recordings and the obtained texts were summarized using extractive summarization techniques. The motivation of the study is to catch the important points that may escape the attention of the individuals at the meeting and to summarize the main agenda items for the personnel who could not attend the meeting. The experimentally generated dataset (converted from audio recordings to text) was summarized by three different human summarizers and compared with the summaries obtained from the developed inferential summative model. The results obtained are remarkable and it is seen that approximately 71% success was achieved.

Implementation of a "Foley Light” Emergency Department to Reduce Catheter Utilization

Background Decreasing the use of indwelling urinary catheters is a key prevention approach for catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). The Emergency Department (ED) is a common location where inpatient admits obtain an indwelling urinary catheter. These catheters are often clinically unnecessary and are more likely to remain in place once the patient is admitted. Methods Infection Prevention (IP) and the ED partnered to decrease utilization of indwelling catheters. A team consisting of ED leadership, Critical Care, Hospitalists, and IP developed a “Foley Light” protocol for limiting indwelling catheter insertion in the ED. Education on the protocol was given to all stakeholders. An electronic medical record report was created to identify catheter insertion, order, indication, and ordering provider. The catheter insertion rate and an in-depth weekly analysis of the report was sent to key stakeholders with recommendations for improvement. ED nursing leadership shared weekly updates with staff and provided individual nurse coaching as needed. The ED providers were updated periodically by IP on the program's progress and offered input opportunities. Results Catheter insertion rates decreased from 8.33% during the initial 4-month measurement period to 6.22% in the consecutive 3-month measurement period. Catheter insertions without a provider order decreased 1.4%. Early reviews and discussion with staff indicated increased use of Foley alternatives. The “Foley Light” protocol was a regular agenda item for nurse meetings. Conclusions Consistent feedback and a team approach is essential to tackle a complex issue such as CAUTI. This “Foley light” program provides a platform to increase understanding of the problem and supports the cultural shift needed in the ED to reduce catheter utilization. Decreasing the use of indwelling urinary catheters is a key prevention approach for catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). The Emergency Department (ED) is a common location where inpatient admits obtain an indwelling urinary catheter. These catheters are often clinically unnecessary and are more likely to remain in place once the patient is admitted. Infection Prevention (IP) and the ED partnered to decrease utilization of indwelling catheters. A team consisting of ED leadership, Critical Care, Hospitalists, and IP developed a “Foley Light” protocol for limiting indwelling catheter insertion in the ED. Education on the protocol was given to all stakeholders. An electronic medical record report was created to identify catheter insertion, order, indication, and ordering provider. The catheter insertion rate and an in-depth weekly analysis of the report was sent to key stakeholders with recommendations for improvement. ED nursing leadership shared weekly updates with staff and provided individual nurse coaching as needed. The ED providers were updated periodically by IP on the program's progress and offered input opportunities. Catheter insertion rates decreased from 8.33% during the initial 4-month measurement period to 6.22% in the consecutive 3-month measurement period. Catheter insertions without a provider order decreased 1.4%. Early reviews and discussion with staff indicated increased use of Foley alternatives. The “Foley Light” protocol was a regular agenda item for nurse meetings. Consistent feedback and a team approach is essential to tackle a complex issue such as CAUTI. This “Foley light” program provides a platform to increase understanding of the problem and supports the cultural shift needed in the ED to reduce catheter utilization.

It's Time to Focus! Maximizing the Effectiveness and Outcomes of Your Infection Prevention Committee

Background One out of every 25 patients is impacted by a healthcare-acquired infection (HAI). Mitigation and prevention efforts require both a skilled infection preventionist (IP) and a high functioning infection prevention committee (IPC) by which the diffusion of information related to HAI risks is reviewed. In addition, there exist numerous regulatory requirements for infection prevention programs (IPP). This breadth of IPP elements led to deferred discussions of critical items, information overload, and limited time for detailed case reviews. Member attendance was sporadic therefore, situational awareness of practice gaps was missing. IPP action planning was ineffective due to this continual cycle of inefficiencies, thus putting patients and the organization at risk. Methods Within this healthcare system, the formation of IPP quality assurance, process improvement (QAPI) was implemented using standardized tools and a meeting consent agenda format. The IPC was educated on the consent agenda method and member responsibilities. Regulatory program requirements are all listed on a one-page checklist, providing clarity with all IPP components. These items and accompanying performance metrics are sent to committee members one week before the meeting. Most of the items are placed on the consent agenda which leaves time for focused discussions on critical items. Results Observed benefits across this network of hospitals include focused discussion on critical items and improved performance metrics. Other benefits include clarity for attendee expectations regarding meeting preparedness and readiness to discuss items of pertinence, meeting flexibility for the IPC by maneuvering consent agenda items based on need and shortened meeting time. Improved meeting attendance and meeting satisfaction was reported. Conclusions The IPP effectiveness and outcomes are based on an organized QAPI process and engaged committee members. Effective meeting facilitation and tools assist the IP in managing the broad scope of IPP elements ensuring patient harm is mitigated and regulatory requirements are met. One out of every 25 patients is impacted by a healthcare-acquired infection (HAI). Mitigation and prevention efforts require both a skilled infection preventionist (IP) and a high functioning infection prevention committee (IPC) by which the diffusion of information related to HAI risks is reviewed. In addition, there exist numerous regulatory requirements for infection prevention programs (IPP). This breadth of IPP elements led to deferred discussions of critical items, information overload, and limited time for detailed case reviews. Member attendance was sporadic therefore, situational awareness of practice gaps was missing. IPP action planning was ineffective due to this continual cycle of inefficiencies, thus putting patients and the organization at risk. Within this healthcare system, the formation of IPP quality assurance, process improvement (QAPI) was implemented using standardized tools and a meeting consent agenda format. The IPC was educated on the consent agenda method and member responsibilities. Regulatory program requirements are all listed on a one-page checklist, providing clarity with all IPP components. These items and accompanying performance metrics are sent to committee members one week before the meeting. Most of the items are placed on the consent agenda which leaves time for focused discussions on critical items. Observed benefits across this network of hospitals include focused discussion on critical items and improved performance metrics. Other benefits include clarity for attendee expectations regarding meeting preparedness and readiness to discuss items of pertinence, meeting flexibility for the IPC by maneuvering consent agenda items based on need and shortened meeting time. Improved meeting attendance and meeting satisfaction was reported. The IPP effectiveness and outcomes are based on an organized QAPI process and engaged committee members. Effective meeting facilitation and tools assist the IP in managing the broad scope of IPP elements ensuring patient harm is mitigated and regulatory requirements are met.

Sustainable Communities, Neighborhoods, Cities And Their Criteria

We have 8 years to 2030, when the promises and targets of sustainable development and smart growth are expected to be achieved at the global level, the agenda items about sustainability remain urgent. Sustainable development and smart growth are more important than ever. The managers of the Sustainable and Smart concepts are local governments that own urban units and can make more critical decisions due to scale permits, rather than the changing policies of states. Considering the point reached, it can be observed that the concepts of the sustainable neighborhood, community and city are based on different foundations in the light of assessment tools and models, although the urban terminology that develops with the concept of sustainability is often used to support each other. It can even be said that its sustainable indicators are close to smart city criteria rather than sustainability criteria. In this study, sustainable neighborhood, community and city criteria, the mentioned urban units were determined, defined, and interpreted through 18 assessment tools, guidelines, standards, and models in total.