Management Agencies Research Articles

Understanding Metrics for Communicating the Economic Importance of Florida’s Fisheries Part II: Quantifying Market Activity

Florida’s fish and fisheries are vital to the state’s economy, but often people want or need to know just how economically important they are. However, “economic importance” means different things depending on what economic approaches are used. Understanding these differences is important for discussing the economic importance of fisheries and how they might be affected by management actions or environmental changes. This publication is the second part in a three-part series that summarizes different types of economic metrics and how they are often used in a fisheries context. The first publication in the series, , provides an overview and explains how economic measures can be subdivided into two main groups: 1) those that quantify market activity, and 2) those that measure economic value. This second publication focuses on how regional economic methods are used to quantify market activity. It provides a discussion of the most relevant terms and analyses, as well as a brief discussion of how one might proceed with a regional economic analysis that would provide these types of measures for Florida’s fisheries (and related aspects like aquaculture or coastal resources). This information should help readers, especially management agencies and extension agents, as well as the interested public, better understand the metrics associated with quantifying market activity.

Whole-of-government approach in disaster management: collaborative case study on the 2023 Morocco earthquake response

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate Morocco’s Whole-of-Government (WoG) framework during the 2023 Al Haouz earthquake, applying complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory to assess its effectiveness with minimal international aid. Through extensive stakeholder engagement and real-time analysis, it examines interagency coordination among civilian and military actors and their interactions with external nongovernmental responders. This study identifies strengths and weaknesses within the WoG framework and presents a strategic roadmap with practical recommendations to enhance disaster resilience, offering valuable insights for Morocco and other middle-income countries facing similar challenges. Design/methodology/approach Framed by CAS theory, this research uses a rigorous mixed-methods approach through a collaborative case study methodology. Qualitative insights were derived from on-site observations and interviews with 126 stakeholders, including survivors. At the same time, quantitative data were collected through content analysis from multiple sources and rigorously triangulated to capture the full spectrum of WoG mobilization. The data were processed using TAMS Analyzer, and systemic evaluation was conducted through the M-MACBETH methodology, supported by a 21-member expert group. Informed by the assessment results and international best practices, this paper presents an actionable roadmap aimed at building a stronger and more flexible disaster management (DM) system. Findings The case study reveals that Morocco’s experience offers both a warning and a blueprint for future disaster response efforts. Although the WoG framework successfully coordinated military, civilian and political leadership, weaknesses in local preparedness, civil society integration and misinformation management reduced the overall effectiveness of the response. Aligned with CAS principles and informed by global best practices, the research advocates creating a National Emergency Management Agency with a comprehensive nationwide organigram to balance community-led initiatives with centralized authority, fostering a more resilient, adaptive and coordinated DM system. Originality/value This paper addresses a key research gap by applying CAS theory to a real-world disaster in the underexplored North African context. It offers a detailed, first-hand evaluation of Morocco’s WoG framework, assessing its ability to manage a large-scale disaster with minimal yet selective international aid. This study paves the way for comparative research across regions, disaster types and governance models while providing a practical roadmap for Morocco and similar nations to transition toward a Whole-of-Society strategy for DM, enhancing long-term resilience.

Co-occurring climate events and environmental justice in California, 2018–2019

Abstract Climate change will increase the frequency of extreme weather events. This means climate-driven events like wildfires and power outages will likely co-occur more often, potentially magnifying their health risks. We characterized three types of climate-driven events—anomalously warm temperatures, wildfire burn zone disasters, and long power outages—in 58 California counties during 2018–2019. We defined county-day anomalously warm temperatures when daily average temperatures exceeded 24 °C and the 85th percentile of the long-term county average. We defined county-day wildfire burn zone disasters when an active wildfire burn zone intersected a county, burned 1+ structures, killed a civilian, or received a Federal Emergency Management Agency Fire Management Declaration, and overlapped with a community. For a subset of the 38 counties (66%), long power outage county days were identified using PowerOutage.us data when an outage affected >0.5% of county customers for 8+ h. Co-occurring events were when 2+ of these events occurred on the same county day. Using the CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), we determined whether co-occurring events disproportionately affected vulnerable populations. Nearly every county (97%) experienced at least one day of anomalously warm temperatures, 57% had at least one wildfire burn zone disaster day, and 63% (24/38 counties with available data) had at least one long power outage day. The most common co-occurring events (anomalously warm temperatures and wildfire burn zone disasters) impacted 24 (41%) counties for 144 total county-days. We did not find a clear connection between co-occurring events and social vulnerability. We observed an inverse correlation between co-occurring wildfire burn zone disasters and long power outage days with SVI, and a positive correlation between co-occurring anomalously warm and long power outage days with SVI. This analysis can inform regional resource allocation and other state-wide planning and policy objectives to reduce the adverse effects of climate-driven events.

Analisis Penerapan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Pemerintah PSAP 07 pada Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten PALI

The major objective of this research is to determine whether PSAP 07 is suitable for the identified, measured, evaluated, released and disposed of, disclosed, and depreciated fixed assets of the PALI Regency Financial and Fixed Asset Management Agency. The Agency was the site of the research. The focus here is on descriptive qualitative research. The research for this project made use of both official and unofficial sources of data. The data was gathered via interviews with people who were actively involved in managing regional assets and money. The impact of PSAP No. 07 on the fixed assets of BPKAD Pali Regency was investigated in this research using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results show that PSAP No. 7 has been satisfactorily handled by BPKAD Pali Regency with respect to the FMA of PALI Regency in terms of recognition, measurement, assessment, disclosure, disposal, and depreciation.

Translating eDNA data into conservation action: Partnerships to support imperiled amphibians in coastal California wetlands

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) detections of imperiled species have the potential to inform conservation action, but this requires the acceptance of new technologies by decision‐makers. Here we describe how engaging stakeholders into a collaborative process led to the successful translation of new eDNA findings into conservation outcomes. We characterized the distribution of three federally listed pond‐breeding amphibians across nearly 200 wetlands in coastal California using both traditional field surveys and eDNA sampling; the latter had greater detection rates overall. Regulatory agency staff gained trust in the rigor and effectiveness of eDNA data by joining traditional surveys and through the collaborative development of recommendations for the adoption of eDNA methods. Extensive outreach to the local community within the range of the highly endangered Santa Cruz long‐toed salamander resulted in invitations to sample previously unsurveyed wetlands on private property and the detection of new breeding sites. Conservation organizations and resource management agencies were integrated into our core team from the start, and ultimately shaped wetland management actions, siting of new wetlands, and land acquisition priorities informed by the data generated. Thus, this project serves as a model for actionable eDNA science directly affecting conservation.

Factors Influencing the Optimization of Asset Management and Reporting at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Mahakam Ulu Regency

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the management and reporting of regional assets at the Regional Finance and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of Mahakam Ulu Regency, and to formulate strategies to optimize asset management and reporting in the region. The approach used in this study is post-positivism, which allows researchers to view asset management not only technically, but also in the social, political, and ideological contexts that influence public policy. Using qualitative methods, this study explores the perceptions and experiences of stakeholders involved in asset management, through in-depth interviews with key informants, including the Head of BPKAD and other related parties. The results of the study indicate that there are several factors that influence the effectiveness of asset management and reporting, including limited human resources, technological infrastructure problems, lack of coordination between SKPDs, and support from regional leaders. This study also formulates several strategies to overcome these obstacles, namely increasing human resource capacity through ongoing training, improving technological infrastructure, especially to improve internet access in remote areas, strengthening regulations and monitoring, and increasing coordination between SKPDs. With these strategies, it is hoped that asset management and reporting in Mahakam Ulu Regency can run more effectively, transparently, and accountably. This research provides an important contribution to regional asset management policy and can be a reference for further research in the field of regional governance.

The Influence of Leadership Style Toward Employee Performance in the Regional Board for Disaster Management of South Nias Regency

This study aims to determine the effect of Leadership Style on Performance, at the Office of the Regional Disaster Management Agency of South Nias Regency. All employees in the research object as many as 30 people were designated as respondents. Because the type of data is primary data, therefore the data collection uses a questionnaire distribution method which is then processed with the help of IBM SPPS Statistics 23 software. The analytical tool used is simple linear regression. The test results show that the t-count value ≥ t-table value, partially the leadership style variable has a positive effect on the performance variable. Because the significanc e≤ value 0.05, it can also be stated that the leadership style variable has a significant effect on the performance variable

Dietary intake of heavy metals from seafood and human health risk implications in Tuticorin, Southeast coast of India.

Toxic metals pollution in the marine environment can lead to seafood contamination, affecting people's health. The objective of the present study was to determine the level of heavy metal contamination in the most common seafood and the health risks associated with its consumption in Thirespuram, Tuticorin. Samples were collected directly from the fishermen at the landing sites of the study area between October and December 2022. The levels of metal accumulation in different seafood were statistically significant (p<0.05). Mollusks had the highest average concentrations, followed by fish and crustaceans. In some seafood species, concentrations exceeded the level of "Food Safety Guidelines of WHO/FAO". Feeding habits and/or local pollution sources mainly contribute to the bioavailability and accumulation of heavy metals in seafood. However, the study finds no risk to human health as indicated by the metals' EDI values. The THQ level is <1 for individual heavy metals suggesting the absence of any potential health risks. The THQ value indicates that L. lambis from the study sites is unsafe for consumption. But the HI representing the combined impact indicates a health risk from consuming A. djedaba, P. sanguinolentus, L. lambis, and F. ficoides. Although consumption of other seafood at the current accumulation level is safe, long- term consumption over a lifetime (<68years) could potentially lead to cancer risk. Individually, the metals do not pose any non-carcinogenic health hazard; but their combined effect is potentially hazardous to human health. This study recommends routine heavy metal monitoring of seafood obtained from this coast and defining regulatory standards by environmental health management agencies.

Estimating water surface elevation for a wetland using integrated multi-sourced remote sensing data

Surface water plays an important role in understanding the hydrological behaviour of a wetland and is crucial for the sustainability of wetland ecosystems. Remote sensing increasingly is used for the estimation of surface water levels in larger inland waterbodies. However, there are few investigations that have employed multi-sourced remote sensing data for water level predictions in wetlands, which was the motivation for undertaking this study. Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 are among the latest satellites providing optical imagery with high spatial resolution and coverage that are available in the public domain. Different water indices have been applied to estimate surface water levels using these satellite image sources; however, what index to use for a particular application requires thorough, site-specific analysis. In this study, the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), two versions of the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), and the Water Ratio Index (WRI) were used to estimate water levels in a constructed wetland, as part of an effort to better guide regulation and decision-making for a local management agency. The satellite data were complemented with high resolution aerial photogrammetric images and LiDAR data to assess the accuracy of water level predictions provided by the satellite images. The photogrammetric images were used as reference datasets while the LiDAR data supported the development of area-elevation curves for the wetland. Accuracy assessment between the satellite and reference images was performed using the Kappa co-efficient (K). MNDWI performed better than the other water indices for both satellite data sources; however, the optimum threshold was different for each satellite (− 0.35 for Sentinel-2 and − 0.25 for Landsat-8). K values for the optimum threshold ranged between 0.72 and 0.77 for Sentinel-2 and 0.73 and 0.87 for Landsat-8. The water levels estimated using the remotely sensed data were assessed against in situ, continuously measured water levels using multiple efficiency evaluation metrics including R2, RMSE, and SSE. Estimated water levels with Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 resulted in an R2 of 0.86 and 0.88, RMSE of 0.04 m and 0.06 m, and an SSE of 0.02 m and 0.06 m, respectively. These results show that even for a small wetland, it is possible to use satellite imagery to estimate water levels with high accuracy.

Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Pegawai Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kota Padang

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Organizational Climate on Organizational Citizenship Behavior at the Padang City Regional Disaster Management Agency. This study uses quantitative research methods, with sample techniques using total sampling, with a total of 68 subjects, the scale used in this study is a Likert scale. The results showed that Organizational Climate affects Organizational Citizenship Behavior by 0.086 (8.6%). This illustrates that the Organizational Climate variable affects Organizational Citizenship Behavior in employees by 8.6%, where the remaining 91.4% of the influence is influenced by other variables not examined in this study. It can be concluded that if the organizational climate in an organization is high, then OCB will also be high, and vice versa.

Management Collaboration and Performance of Service Institutions in the Nigeria Airspace Management Agency, Calabar

Management Collaboration and Performance of Service Institutions in the Nigeria Airspace Management Agency, Calabar

Developing a cloud-based WebGIS tool for communicating integrated ecosystem services assessment modeling to conservation stakeholders.

Various modeling efforts have been conducted to evaluate ecosystem services (ES) of agricultural conservation practices but typically these models are too complex for conservation stakeholders to use. This research developed a cloud-based WebGIS tool for communicating integrated ES modeling to conservation stakeholders. The integrated ES modeling was developed by linking farm economic, watershed hydrologic, and soil carbon modeling within a spatial optimization framework for identifying conservation practices to minimize economic costs subject to multiple ES targets including water quality and soil carbon improvement benefits. The WebGIS tool, named "Ecosystem Services Assessment Tool" (ESAT), has a suite of functions to visualize watershed characteristics, summarize the effectiveness of existing agricultural conservation practices, examine the cost, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of future agricultural conservation practices, and further, identify optimal sets of conservation practices for achieving cost-effectiveness. The study area for the integrated ES modeling and WebGIS tool development was the 4,820-km2 Modeste watershed in Alberta, Canada. The ESAT application demonstrated its functionalities to support decision making, particularly in identifying cost-effective conservation practices for achieving sediment, phosphorus or nitrogen reduction, or soil carbon increase target. In the research, conservation stakeholders including municipal and provincial governments, conservation management agencies, and NGOs were actively engaged in data collection, modeling development, WebGIS tool development, and training for the use of the WebGIS tool. Conservation stakeholders assessed that the ESAT is a very useful tool for supporting decision making in agri-environmental programs. However, the WebGIS tool can be further simplified and streamlined to improve the user-friendliness of the ESAT.

Transformation of Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction in Building HR Capabilities at BPBA

This study examines the impact of organizational culture and contributions on employee job satisfaction at the Aceh Disaster Management Agency (BPBA). Human Resource Development is critical for organizational success, especially in disaster management. Utilizing a sample of 100 BPBA employees, the study employed canonical correlation analysis to assess the relationship between organizational contributions, culture, and job satisfaction. Results indicate that organizational culture significantly influences job satisfaction (β = 0.327, p &lt; 0.001), highlighting the importance of collaborative environments, open communication, and employee appreciation. Conversely, while important, organizational contributions showed no significant direct effect (β = 0.078, p = 0.358). The findings emphasize the role of a supportive organizational culture in fostering job satisfaction and employee motivation. The model accounts for 26.2% of the variability in job satisfaction, suggesting that additional factors also contribute. This research underscores the need for strategic improvements in organizational culture to enhance employee welfare and productivity.

Defining Our Mission: A Content Analysis of U.S. Emergency Management Agency Mission Statements

Abstract The identity and mission of emergency management is a topic of frequent discussion among researchers and practitioners. However, the extent to which there is consensus across emergency management agencies about what their missions are is unclear. This study seeks to answer that question through a content analysis of the mission statements from 226 emergency management agencies representing all levels of government in the United States (i.e. federal, state, territorial, tribal, and local). Mission statements are a tool organizations use to indicate both externally and internally their raison d’etre. This study found there is consensus regarding emergency management agencies’ concern with “all-hazards” and the use of phases to organize their work. There were differences found in how agencies accounted for their constituencies, partner agencies, role identity, and goals. Despite some differences, this study found that overall agency mission statements across levels of government in the US align, suggesting consensus in the field of the mission of emergency management.

Delineating urban flooding when incorporating community stormwater knowledge

Abstract Accurately delineating both pluvial and fluvial flood risk is critical to protecting vulnerable populations in urban environments. Although there are currently models and frameworks to estimate stormwater runoff and predict urban flooding, there are often minimal observations to validate results due to the quick retreat of floodwaters from affected areas. In this research, we compare and contrast different methodologies for capturing flood extent in order to highlight the challenges inherent in current methods for urban flooding delineation. This research focuses on two Philadelphia neighborhoods, Manayunk and Eastwick, that face frequent flooding. Overall, Philadelphia, PA is a city with a large proportion of vulnerable populations and is plagued by flooding, with expectations that flood risk will increase as climate change progresses. An array of data, including remotely sensed satellite imagery after major flooding events, Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Special Flood Hazard Areas, First Street Foundation’s Flood Factor, road closures, National Flood Insurance Program claims, and community surveys, were compared for the study areas. Here we show how stakeholder surveys can illuminate the weight of firsthand and communal knowledge on local understandings of stormwater and flood risk. These surveys highlighted different impacts of flooding, depending on the most persistent flood type, pluvial or fluvial, in each area, not present in large datasets. Given the complexity of flooding, there is no single method to fully encompass the impacts on both human well-being and the environment. Through the co-creation of flood risk knowledge, community members are empowered and play a critical role in fostering resilience in their neighborhoods. Community stormwater knowledge is a powerful tool that can be used as a complement to hydrologic flood delineation techniques to overcome common limitations in urban landscapes. &amp;#xD;

Community Efforts to Care for Animals During Climate Disasters: Experiences and Recommendations from an Australian Bushfire Affected Region

Abstract Formal disaster prevention, preparation, risk management, and response remain highly anthropocentric, with non-human animals afforded minimal attention, resourcing, and support. This article reports on informal community efforts to care for non-human animals during and after the 2019/2020 “Black Summer” bushfires in Australia, when over three billion animals were killed, injured, or displaced. We conducted 56 in-depth interviews with community members, government officials, and experts, and ran four full day workshops with community members to investigate: how communities sought to protect and care for domesticated, farmed, and wild animals; the factors that facilitated and impeded their efforts; and the changes they believed would lead to better outcomes for animals in disasters in the future. Key findings are that: human communities understood and treated non-human animals as part of their communities; humans went to extraordinary lengths to care for and rescue animals; these efforts were largely invisible to, and unsupported—even condemned—by formal emergency management agencies. We conclude that human-centric emergency and disaster management policies are at odds with community values and behaviors. We argue that disaster management must evolve to accommodate and support the realities of community-based rather than individual-based approaches, and must simultaneously expand to consider communities as multispecies.

Chilean Mediterranean forest on the verge of collapse? Evidence from a comprehensive risk analysis.

World forests are experiencing significant modification due to the confluence of climate change and deforestation, with Mediterranean forests facing particularly acute threats. The Chilean Sclerophyllous Mediterranean Forest is considered a world biodiversity hotspot, a restricted ecosystem type that is highly affected by global change drivers. Despite the high ecological and environmental importance of this ecosystem, an integrated assessment of its risk derived from climate and land-use change is lacking. This study estimates the level of risk of all sclerophyll forest stands in Chile, by assessing their exposure to several factors linked with climate change, land cover change, wildfires, change in the vegetation functional properties, and habitat fragmentation. We also generated a spatially explicit estimate of the main factors underlying the risk of each sclerophyllous forest stand. We constructed a multifactorial risk index based on the different analyzed variables, exploring the main drivers associated with the risk of each forest stand using principal components analysis with agglomerative hierarchical clustering. We found that 39.8% of sclerophyll forest stands reached a high or very high-risk index, with the highest levels concentrated between 32°S and 34°S. The vigor and net primary production of sclerophyll forest stands decreased in 90.9% and 86.6%, respectively. We identified three groups of forest stands: A) northern group (29.9°S to 33.5°S), which has experienced high decrease of net primary production and vegetation vigor; B) central group (32°S to 35°S), also affected by degradation and replacement by croplands; and C) southern group (34°S to 39°S), affected by drought and exotic forest plantations. The results of this study provided clarity on the current state of the sclerophyll forest, allowing for the identification of spatial differences in the risk and their underlying factors. Our results and data can be useful for informing policy and supporting sustainable management of government agencies and practitioners.

PEMANFAATAN NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION DAN CITRA SATELIT HIMAWARI-9 DALAM ANALISIS KONDISI ATMOSFER SAAT HUJAN LEBAT

Heavy rainfall occurred in the Special Region of Yogyakarta on March 14, 2024. This rainfall event was categorized as extreme weather, as data from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) reported damage in 496 affected locations. Heavy rainfall can occur due to atmospheric instability caused by the growth of convective clouds (cumulonimbus). The phenomenon of heavy rainfall was monitored using remote sensing systems in the form of satellites to observe and analyze the event. Yogyakarta's topography explains the use of ECMWF ERA-5 model data to identify wind distribution patterns (streamlines) influenced by westerly winds. The Convective Cloud Overlay (CCO), red-green-blue (RGB), and High-resolution Cloud Analysis Information (HCAI) methods were applied to interpret cumulonimbus cloud development, observed from the formation phase (08:00 UTC) to the dissipation phase (18:00 UTC). Observations indicated a decrease in cloud-top temperature to -80°C at 09:00 UTC, followed by dissipation with a temperature of -20°C at 18:00 UTC. Atmospheric instability indices were analyzed using numerical weather prediction (NWP) methods to obtain quantitative values for indices contributing to heavy rainfall, such as SSI, LI, KI, TT, SWEAT, and CAPE. This study concluded that a "moderate" increase in instability index values explained why convective cloud development occurred.

Institutional Analysis of Sustainable Management of the Sekampung Watershed, Lampung Province, Indonesia

The Sekampung Watershed is one of the 108 critical national watersheds designated by the government as requiring restoration of its carrying capacity. In addition to restoration challenges, a lack of coordination among various institutions has led to fragmented and uncoordinated efforts in watershed conservation. Addressing these, researching the institutional aspects of sustainable management by synergistic governance across sectors in the Sekampung watershed is crucial. This study aimed to determine the key institutions directly involved in the sustainable management of the Sekampung Watershed in Lampung Province, along with their coordination mechanisms and interrelationships. This study also aimed to identify constraints in the sustainable management implementation of the Sekampung watershed. The study employed the Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) method using questionnaires and expert discussions. The results show that the key institutions in the integrated management of the watershed to ensure the Sekampung Watershed’s functions are preserved and sustainably utilized were the provincial government institutions, governor, regent, mayor, together with the Provincial and Regency or City Regional House of Representatives (DPRD), the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park Authority (BBTNBBS), and the Way Seputih Way Sekampung Watershed and Forest Management Agency (BPDAS HL WSS). The low awareness care of the community towards watershed management was identified as a critical constraint that must be addressed for the successful sustainable management of the Way Sekampung Watershed. Keywords: institutional analysis, interpretative structural modelling, protected forest, Sekampung Watershed, stakeholder

Geospatial neocolonialism and social vulnerability to hydrometeorological events in coastal Michoacán

ABSTRACT Recent decades have seen a sharp rise in global disaster frequency due partly to climate change, with hydrometeorological events significantly impacting México. In Michoacán's Pacific coastal region, these events highlight critical issues tied to anthropogenic factors. This study's main objective was to assess social vulnerability to extreme hydrometeorological events and examine neocolonialism and its geospatial distribution, while challenging traditional spatial planning to improve disaster response and community adaptation. A mixed-methods approach combined the analysis of socioeconomic and demographic indicators in a Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) with an assesment of neocolonial influence through a classification matrix of economic activities. The results reveal significant contrasts in the municipalities’ SVIs and support the regional prevalence of neocolonialism, with detailed maps for contextually informed strategies. By integrating overlooked factors, the study identified infrastructure disparities and heightened vulnerabilities, offering a tool for policymakers and disaster management agencies to tailor interventions and allocate resources effectively.