Nigeria was admitted into the WHO International Drug Monitoring Programme in 2004. That marked a new era of pharmacovigilance in Nigeria. Nigeria is a large country in sub-Saharan Africa with essentially a homogenous black population of over 170 million people, a significant disease burden (communicable and non-communicable) and consequent medication use. Inevitably, the need for medicine safety is becoming increasingly appreciated by the government, health-care workers and patients. Pharmacovigilance activities in Nigeria are coordinated by the National Pharmacovigilance Centre (NPC) situated in the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC—the drug regulatory agency in Nigeria). NPC serves as a repository for reported adverse drug reactions from health workers and also liaises with other international groups such as the WHO, US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency in improving drug safety in Nigeria. Increasing participation of the public in drug safety is also a major thrust of the NPC and the contributions of public-health programmes in this resource-poor setting to pharmacovigilance cannot be overemphasised. The provisions of a unique policy to define the responsibilities of the stakeholders in pharmacovigilance, as well as training of the health-care workers, are a few of the achievements of the agency in charge of pharmacovigilance in Nigeria.