Elderly Age Group Research Articles

Clinicopathological correlation of p53 expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the 6 most common carcinoma in men worldwide. It is usually a cancer of the elderly age group. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common cause of urinary incontinence and urine flow symptoms, usually seen in the middle along with elderly age group. In this study we have evaluated the expression of p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in prostate adenocarcinoma with benign prostatic hyperplasia along with its diagnostic, treatment and prognostic implications.: 1. Assessment of clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate adenocarcinoma. 2. To assess p53(IHC) expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma : The study population comprised of a subset of patients who came to Ramaiah hospital, Bangalore from May 2018 till June 2019, for treatment regarding prostate related symptoms. The clinicodemographic data was collected and prostate biopsies were taken for which histopathological assessment was done. A total of 60 cases comprising of 30 cases of BPH and 30 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma was subjected to p53 immunohistochemistry. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed for significance.The present prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with 30 cases (50%) of BPH and 30 cases (50%) of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Based on the tumor differentiation there was 1 case (3.3%) of well differentiated carcinoma, 18 cases(60%) of moderately differentiated carcinoma and 11cases (36.6%) of poorly differentiated carcinomas. We observed an inverse relationship between p53 expression and histological grade. All poorly differentiated carcinoma had higher p53(>50% expression). There was statistically significant difference in expression of p53 between cases of BPH and carcinoma prostate, indicated by P value of <0.05. Among prostate carcinomas p53 had higher expression on those cases with Gleason score 9 and 10.: P53 expression directly correlates with Gleason score, while inversely correlating with tumor differentiation of prostate carcinoma cases. The expression of p53 is low in BPH as compared to that of prostate cancers. Hence it can be used as a good diagnostic and prognostic marker in prostate carcinoma.

Clinico-histopathological spectrum of ovarian tumors in tertiary care center rajahmundry

: Globally ovarian tumor is one of the leading causes of cancer death among women. It can present in childhood to postmenopausal age group and accounts for the most prevalent cause of hospital admissions. Ovarian tumor has varied histogenesis, clinical behavior and malignant potential. : This study was done to analyse the frequency of ovarian lesions, their clinico-histological features in a tertiary care center.: Retrospective hospital based study conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, GSL medical college from December 2019 to December 2020. All the relevant clinical data of patients who were treated surgically for suspected benign lesions of ovary were analysed from hospital record file. Of the 82 cases, 63 cases: benign (51.6%), 4 cases: borderline (3.28%), 15 cases: malignant(12.3%). Serous cystadenoma is most commonly seen benign tumor. Serous cystadenocarcinoma was commonly seen malignant tumor. Younger age group primarily presented with benign tumors whereas malignant tumors were common in elderly age group. Malignant ovarian tumors most commonly seen in nulliparous. Surface epithelial tumors were the commonest ovarian tumor. Most commonly seen in the age group of 40-59yrs. Maximum numbers of malignant ovarian tumors were in the age range of >50yrs.

Impact of parylene coating on heating performance of intravenous fluid warmer: a bench study

BackgroundPerioperative hypothermia is a common occurrence, particularly with the elderly and pediatric age groups. Hypothermia is associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications. One method of preventing hypothermia is warming the infused fluids given during surgery. The enFlow™ intravenous fluid warmer has recently been reintroduced with a parylene coating on its heating blocks. In this paper, we evaluated the impact of the parylene coating on the new enFlow’s fluid warming capacity.MethodsSix coated and six uncoated enFlow cartridges were used. A solution of 10% propylene glycol and 90% distilled H2O was infused into each heating cartridge at flow rates of 2, 10, 50, 150, and 200 ml/min. The infused fluid temperature was set at 4 °C, 20 °C, and 37 °C. Output temperature was recorded at each level. Data for analysis was derived from 18 runs at each flow rate (six cartridges at three temperatures).ResultsThe parylene coated fluid warming cartridge delivered very stable output of 40 °C temperatures at flow rates of 2, 10, and 50 ml/min regardless of the temperature of the infusate. At higher flow rates, the cartridges were not able to achieve the target temperature with the colder fluid. Both cartridges performed with similar efficacy across all flow rates at all temperatures.ConclusionsAt low flow rates, the parylene coated enFlow cartridges was comparable to the original uncoated cartridges. At higher flow rates, the coated and uncoated cartridges were not able to achieve the target temperature. The parylene coating on the aluminum heating blocks of the new enFlow intravenous fluid warmer does not negatively affect its performance compared to the uncoated model.

Mental Health Exploration and Screening in Adults and Elderly Age Groups

Mental health is an issue that is often discussed during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is critical to understand mental health for realizing its beneficial aspects. Early detection or screening of mental health status is an excellent step to prevent mental health problems. The researchers are interested in screening mental health problems in groups of adults and the elderly. This research design is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional data collection approach. The population in this study were all residents on Jalan Pasar VII Padang Bulan, Medan. The research sample was 139 people who were recruited by non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out from August to December 2021. The questionnaire used in this study is the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 42) questionnaire, which is a tool for measuring stress, anxiety, and depression levels which contains 42 questions. This study shows that from 139 respondents, 54 people (38.85) suffer from mental health problems. Types of mental health problems experienced by respondents were stress as much as 32 people (23%), 54 people (38.85%) experienced anxiety, and 36 people experienced depression (25.9%). It is crucial for the community to educate themselves on how to manage their mental health in a healthier way.

A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF WOUND DEHISCENCE OF EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY SURGERIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Introduction: Abdominal wound dehiscence is one the major complications of emergency laparotomy. It can range from minor wound gap to more serious emergency condition like burst abdomen and intensive care. It is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in emergency surgeries. Several risk factors have been identified as possible causes of wound dehiscence. Materials and Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted on 80 patients undergoing midline laparotomy in the emergency surgency. Informed written consent was obtained from all the participants after approval from the ethical committee of the institution. Complete evaluation of all patients with thorough history and clinical examination was done. Preoperative investigations were reported and underlying corrections were done. After proper resuscitation and preparation, patients were sent to operation room for surgery. Results: Out of the 80 cases on which emergency laparotomy were done, wound dehiscence was observed in 13 cases (16.25%). The highest incidence was found in the elderly age group (>60years) and highest in the emergency laparotomies indicated for bowel perforation with peritonitis. Timing of presentation and duration of surgery along with lab abnormalities like anemia, low serum albumin, uremia is thought to predispose to wound dehiscence. Intra-abdominal distension and paralytic ileus was also predisposing factors in post-operative period. Conclusion: abdominal wound dehiscence especially when done in emergency setting had higher risk of wound dehiscence due to less time for correction of underlying causes and lack of sterile techniques due to higher load of emergency cases. Emphasis has to be given in the reducing the modifiable risk factors.

Active surveillance of adverse events following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 immunization in geriatric population: a prospective multi-centric study from Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

India launched its coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination drive starting with healthcare workers. The aim of the study was to evaluate adverse events following immunization (AEFI) amongst the Geriatric population associated with two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. We also evaluated association of AEFI according to gender and elderly age groups. An observational study, conducted among 437 individuals vaccinated at multiple community healthcare centers in Jaipur, of AEFIs associated with both doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, via telephonic interviews on the day of vaccination-Day 0, Day 7 and Day 15 from vaccination. 463 vaccinated individuals who responded for first dose AEFIs, and 437 (94.3% 437/463) responded to the telephone interview regarding the second dose. Of these, 5.5% (24/437) reported AEFIs for the second dose. Among 60 respondents who reported AEFI (both doses) fever (26) and fatigue (22) were the most reported systemic AEFI. Local AEFIs were injection site soreness (23). The AEFIs (both systemic and local) in respondents mostly lasted for 1-2 days. AEFI reported by respondents in the age group 60- 70 years was higher than those above 70 years. Female respondents were associated with higher AEFI than the males. The AEFIs of both the doses were observed in the first 2 days predominantly. Symptoms were minor, short lived and selflimiting. No serious adverse events attributable to vaccines were reported in our study. Adverse event following immunization is independent of gender and age distribution for both the doses.

Anti-Parkinson's Disease Activity of Sanghuangprous vaninii Extracts in the MPTP-Induced Zebrafish Model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating disease of the central nervous system that occurs mainly in the elderly age group, affecting their quality of life. The PD pathogenesis is not yet fully understood and lacks the disease-modifying treatment strategies. Sanghuangprous vaninii (S. vaninii) is a perennial fungus with a plethora of pharmacological activities including anti-cancer and antioxidant activity and so on. However, no study till date has reported its neuroprotective effect against symptoms that are similar to PD in pre-clinical investigation. In the current study, we investigated anti-PD-like effects of S. vaninii mycelium extracts (SvMEs) on MPTP-induced PD in zebrafish. We observed that the loss of dopaminergic neurons and neurovascular reduction were reversed by using SvMEs in the zebrafish brain in a concentration-independent manner. Moreover, it also relieved locomotor impairments in MPTP-induced PD zebrafish. In addition, SvMEs exerted significant antioxidant activity in vitro, which was also demonstrated in vivo on ktr4:NTR-hKikGR zebrafish. Upon investigating the underlying mechanism, we found that SvMEs may alleviate oxidant stress and accelerate α-synuclein degradation and then alleviate PD-like symptoms. Antioxidant-related genes (sod1, gss, gpx4a, gclm, and cat) implied that the SvMEs exhibited anti-PD activity due to the antioxidation mechanism. Finally, upon analysis of chemical composition of SvMEs by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we identified 10 compounds that are plausibly responsible for the anti-PD-like effect of SvMEs. On the limiting part, the finding of the study would have been more robust had we investigated the protein expression of genes related to PD and oxidative stress and compared the effects of SvMEs with any standard anti-PD therapy. Despite this, our results indicated that SvMEs possess anti-PD effects, indicating SvMEs as a potential candidate that is worth exploring further in this avenue.

Frequency of Thrombocytopenia and its Severity among patients of Chronic Liver Disease presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Chronic liver disease is associated with various complications including thrombocytopenia. Aim: To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia and its severity among patients of chronic liver disease presented to a tertiary care hospital. Study design: It was Cross-Sectional Study. Study duration & setting: 7th December 2019 to 6th June 2020, Medical unit 2, Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Methodology: After approval from hospital ethical committee 190 patients aged 15 to 70 years having chronic liver disease were enrolled. Written informed consent was taken frequency of thrombocytopenia was determined in all patients. Results were analyzed using SPSS 24. Results: In our study total 190 patients were enrolled with mean age of 43.29±14.7 years. There were 36.3% patients in younger age group and 63.7% in elder age group. There were 46.8% male and 53.2% female patients. Thrombocytopenia was present 36.3% patients. Mild thrombocytopenia was present in 26.1%, moderate thrombocytopenia was present in 49.3% patients and severe thrombocytopenia was present in 24.6%. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is very common Chronic Liver Disease patients and all patients should be screened for thrombocytopenia at time of admission Keywords: Chronic liver disease, Thrombocytopenia, Male gender.

On the intraspecific competition of yellowfin sole Limanda aspera (Pallas, [1814]) (Pleuronectidae) in the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk

Based on the longterm observations for 1963–2019, the article provides an assessment of the yellowfin sole generation mortality dynamics depending initial abundance and population dynamics in view of abundance and biomass. Individual growth and matiration rates were evaluated in generations with different initial abundance and in different states of population dynamics. Results indicated about intraspecific competition in yellowfin sole in the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, expressed in specifics of the dynamics of stock abundance, growth and maturation. Forming generation stock abundance in early and later ages has different character. The more exceeding number of parental eggs spawned, the more generation abundance of yearlings getting exactly compensated by mortality (complete compensation). Older generations demonstrate the phenomen of “overcompensation”, when mortality of generations appeared in the years of higher egg production exceeds fertility. In the period of population growth and stabilization at a high level the period of the Yellowfin sole abundance fluctuation cycle gets shorter and the amplitude – smaller. Effects of intraspecific competition on the growth of individuals are revealed. Negative effects of the competition authentically revealed in elder age groups were not observed in younger age groups. An increase of the Yellowfin sole abundance brings negative effects on maturation rate of males with almost no such effects on females. To the greatest extent such effects can be seen in young age groups, at the beginning and middle stage of maturation.

Orbital Tumours in Northern Malaysia: A Five-Year Review.

Background: This study was conducted with the objective to examine demographic statistics and histopathological diagnoses of orbital biopsies from cases referred to the Oculoplastic subspecialty of the Ophthalmology department in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah, from 2016 to 2020.Method: This study is a case series of 28 patients who underwent orbital biopsy.Result: A total of 34 orbital biopsies from 28 patients were recorded. The mean age was 48.3 ± 19.1 years old. 22 (78.4%) cases manifested unilaterally and six (21.4%) manifested bilaterally. The commonest presentations were orbital mass (36.6%) and proptosis (24.4%). The mean duration of the presentation was 16.2 ± 19.5 months. Fourteen (50.0%) patients underwent orbital biopsy within six months of symptoms. 52.8% of the tumours are situated at supero-temporal region of the orbit. 53.0% (18) situated in extraconal space of orbit. Out of all, 23 (67.6%) cases were benign and 11 (32.4%) cases were malignant. All were primary in origin (100%). The commonest orbital tumours reported were malignant lymphoma (29.4%), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (14.7%), non-caseating granulomatous inflammation (11.8%), non-granulomatous inflammation (5.9%) and cavernous haemangioma (5.9%). Of all 10 malignant lymphomas from eight patients (two were bilateral eyes) were all mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas. None of the cases were reported to be metastasis from the systemic spread. The majority of patients' eyes (20, 58.8%) remained the same visual acuity post-biopsy while six (17.6%) eyes had improvement in visual acuity and eight (23.5%) eyes had reduced postoperative visual acuity.Conclusion: Malignant tumours are more common in the elder age group especially malignant lymphoma which is in contrast to Caucasian populations. Understanding the relative incidence of these various orbital tumours is essential to patient evaluation and management.

Evaluation of dental health of the adult population of Kazakhstan and solutions for improving removable prosthetics.

Screening studies on dental morbidity of elderly people in the urban and rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan were conducted. Three age groups were investigated in the districts of Almaty and Almaty oblast: middle-aged (45-59 years old), elderly (60-79 years old) and the oldest (80 years and above). A high loss of teeth was revealed, which was 79.3% in the urban and 90.6% in the rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, respectively. Complete absence of teeth on the upper jaw was most common in rural and city dwellers in the oldest and elderly age groups. A high frequency of complete absence of teeth was revealed in elderly rural residents (44.9%). The production of removable prostheses with a double layer base improves the quality thereof. Indications for these prostheses have been determined. In conclusion, the need for orthopedic dental care was the highest in rural areas. Complete absence of teeth on the upper jaw was most common in the oldest and elderly age groups among rural and urban dwellers. A high frequency of complete absence of teeth was revealed among elderly rural residents (44.9%). Orthopedic treatment of persons with complete absence of teeth requires improvement of this assistance. The use of removable prostheses with a two-layer base improved the quality of manufactured prostheses, providing comfort and functional efficiency for patients. Indications for the manufacture of soft-lined prostheses have been determined and clarified.

Corpus Callosal Morphometry in Mid-sagittal Plane MRI in Patients of Different Age Groups: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Corpus callosum is the largest and most important of the forebrain commissural tracts connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. This white matter tract plays essential role in sensory, motor, and cognitive signal transmission across the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Hence, corpus callosal thickness and morphology reflects the hemispheric volume and functional ability of the brain. Thinning of corpus callosum which can be due to abnormal or absent myelination, demyelinating conditions, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and metabolic diseases affecting the white matter can lead to developmental impairment and behavioural disorders which need to be properly evaluated. Aim: To identify possible age-associated variability in the anteroposterior diameter and the thickness of different parts of the corpus callosum. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 420 patients over a period of two years from January 2019 to December 2020 done at Dr. PSIMS and RF, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh. Magnetic Resonance (MR) examinations were performed with 1.5T Philips Healthcare Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner. The subjects who underwent MRI for various suspected or known central nervous system diseases were included in the study. The thickness of various parts along with the anteroposterior diameter of the corpus callosum were measured with mid-sagittal T1 weighted MR sequence and the mean and standard deviation was calculated. Results: The anteroposterior diameter of the corpus callosum was more in older adults (61-70 age group) than in children and younger adults. The mean thickness of genu, body and isthmus was found to be significantly more in younger adults (21-30 age group), whereas thickness of splenium was more significant in the age group of 31-40 years. Conclusion: The anteroposterior diameter was more in the elderly age group, whereas the thickness of corpus callosal regions was more in the young adult age group. Therefore, variations in corpus callosal thickness would help in the diagnosis of disease presence and progression.

Factors affecting compliance to quarantine and its psychological effects during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study from aspirational district of India

Background: COVID-19 has caused pandemic during 2019–2020 and has presented with illnesses ranging from the usual mild flu to serious respiratory problems/complications, even leading to considerable mortality. Recent literatures have suggested that the health (especially psychological) impacts of quarantine are substantial and can be long lasting. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the mental health status (psychological distress) of experienced quarantine and compliance to quarantine during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Nuh district. Methods: The study included 543 subjects (adults aged 18 years or more) who were sent for quarantine at home or state-run facilities and included “Flu corner” screened patient and health-care staff working in COVID-19 outpatient and wards. The psychological impact was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Categorical data were presented as percentages (%), and bivariable logistic regression was applied to find out the association, and it was considered significant if the P < 0.05. Results: The doctors and nursing staff were among two-fifth of the subjects (217/543, 40.1%), and only 11.6% of quarantined subjects (63/543) were compliant with all protective measures. The mean score obtained on Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) subjects was 18.69 ± 4.88, whereas out of 543 subjects, 152 (27.9%) had a score of 20 or more, and it has a significant association with the elderly age group, female gender, and workplace as exposure setting (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Given the developing situation with coronavirus pandemic, policymakers urgently need evidence synthesis to produce guidance for the public. Thus, the outcomes of this study will positively help authorities, administrators, and policymakers to apply quarantine measures in a better way.

Epidemiological trend and clinical profile of COVID-19 patients: Experience from a designated COVID-19 center in Delhi.

ABSTRACTObjective:To study the epidemiological characteristics of the pandemic by describing the clinical profile of the COVID-19 patients presenting to a super specialty hospitalMethods:This was a descriptive study using medical records of patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction between 17th March and 15th January 2021 while maintaining confidentiality. The clinical and demographic data of all the patients were entered in a Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21 software. Regression analysis was performed and a P value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significantResults:A total of 3534 patients were enrolled in this study aged 9–96 years. Among patients with symptoms, fever and cough were the most common presenting symptoms, while 5.6% of the patients were asymptomatic. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (37%), while no comorbidities were present in 43.0% of the participants and this was statistically significant for age (P = 0.000). Among patient outcomes, >50% of patients were in home isolation, while 11% of patients had a fatal outcome. Elder age group had a higher proportion of expiry among outcomes (P <= 0.001). Most patients had a hospital stay of 9–11 days. A total of 63 health workers were included with male: female ratio being 3.5:1Conclusion:Our study reflects that majority of the positive cases that presented to the hospital had mild/moderate symptoms. We believe that appropriate triaging of patients followed by early institution of medicine and good critical care services may help to control this epidemic.

Antrochoanal polyp among elderly age group: Our experiences at a tertiary care teaching hospital of Eastern India

Antrochoanal polyp among elderly age group: Our experiences at a tertiary care teaching hospital of Eastern India

Factors affecting mortality in COVID-19 patients

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused large number of deaths all over the world. Our study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during second wave of pandemic in India. Material and methods: The data was collected retrospectively from the medical records of P. K. Trauma Care Centre, Mysuru where exclusively COVID-19 patients were admitted during second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. This study included total of 98 patients who expired due to COVID-19 during the period of March 2021 to October 2021. Demographic details, clinical presentation, treatment and laboratory data were extracted from medical records. We analysed the significance of the data using chi square test and other statistical tests. Results: A total of 948 cases were admitted during the said period and 98 patients expired. With statistical analysis following factors are found to be significantly associated with high mortality - age above 60 years, unvaccinated, low oxygen saturation at presentation to the hospital, high serum ferritin level, elevated neutrophil –lymphocyte ratio (NLR), elevated D-dimer level, presence of co-morbidities. Duration of symptoms with which the patients presents to the hospital is the least significant factor associated with the mortality. Conclusion: Elderly age group, lack of vaccination, low oxygen saturation at presentation to the hospital, presence of comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension and ischemic heart disease, elevated serum ferritin, D-dimer level and high NL ratio are associated significantly with high mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection. Vaccination, monitoring of oxygen saturation and proper management and control of comorbidities are the easily modifiable factors to reduce the mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Death analysis of COVID-19 patients admitted in dedicated COVID hospital in Mumbai.

Introduction:COVID-19 poses a great threat globally and also a huge burden on developing countries due to its expensive, less effective, and toxic treatment. India is one of the countries with large number of confirmed cases. This study is done to assess the death due to COVID-19 on various parameters so that necessary action can be taken to reduce the disease burden of COVID-19.Aim and Objective:I) To find sociodemographic and other factors associated with mortality. II) To study various comorbidities related to the death due to COVID-19 infection. III) Recommendation for reducing mortality in COVID-19 patients.Material and Method:Data related to COVID-19 death was taken from MRD (Medical Record Department) & e-Health records from HMIS and was analyzed by Bivariate analysis in SPSS.Results:Results showed that people with 1--2 comorbidity have 62% death. Mortality was found to be more in elderly, that is, >60 years age group with 67.5% of total mortality. And in males (68.6%) as compared to female.Conclusion:People with comorbidities have significant association. Also, it showed that death was more common in male and elderly age group as compared to female and youngsters.

Evaluating the relationship between smartphone addiction/overuse and musculoskeletal pain among medical students at Taif University

Background: Smartphone use has recently increased, and smartphones do the most common daily tasks. Therefore, a lot of time spent on these devices can be associated with a bad posture that can lead to musculoskeletal pain. Thus, in this study, we aim to raise awareness and assess the relationship between smartphone addiction/overuse and musculoskeletal pain among Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, medical students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Taif University. The Problematic Use of Mobile Phones (PUMP) scale was used to estimate the level of smartphone addiction; meanwhile, Nordic Musculoskeletal Scale was used to assess musculoskeletal pain. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to associate PUMP scores with demographic factors and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire items. Results: The study included 285 participants, of which 67.4% were males. The average PUMP score among participants was 62.3. Neck pain was reported by 61.1% of participants, upper and lower back pains were reported by 37.5% and 47.7%, respectively, and 41.4% reported shoulder pain. PUMP score was significantly associated with age (p = 0.000), as the highest PUMP score was reported among the eldest age group (25 years or older), followed by the youngest (19 to 20 years). PUMP score was also significantly associated with neck pain (p = 0.000), right shoulder pain (p = 0.004), right elbow pain (p = 0.030), right wrist pain (p = 0.012), upper and lower back pain (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). Conclusion: The study found an association between problematic phone usage and discomfort in the neck, upper back, and lower back. The research also found that those with higher PUMP scores had more significant discomfort on their right elbow and wrist than on their left.

Elective Foot &amp; Ankle Procedures in the Geriatric Populations: Worth the Mobility Gains

Category:Ankle; Hindfoot; Midfoot/ForefootIntroduction/Purpose:Chronic, non-traumatic pathologies of the foot and ankle can be mobility-limiting for patients of all ages. Given increased rates of perioperative comorbidities and the heightened risks of intraoperative complications, physicians may be more inclined to manage elderly patients with longer periods of conservative treatment for similar pathologies. However, previous work has shown that decreased mobility of elderly patients affects longevity and is linked to increased rates of all-cause and non- cancerous morbidity and mortality. Currently, little is known about the effect of elective foot and ankle procedures on mobility in patients of all ages. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare posteroperative changes in LifeSpace Mobility Assessment (LSA) scores of adult and elderly patients following foot and ankle surgery.Methods:A prospective study of 184 patients undergoing elective ankle, hindfoot, and midfoot procedures conducted by a single surgeon between September 1, 2015 and August 31, 2019 was undertaken following IRB approval. Patient-reported LSA scores were collected at preoperative and routine 6-month and 12-month follow-up clinic appointments. Patient demographic and surgical data were recorded, and they were divided into groups by age over and under 65 years. Demographics and surgical characteristics were compared utilizing an independent sample t-test for continuous, normally distributed data and a chi-squared or Fischer's exact test for categorical data. Alpha and beta were assumed to be 0.05 and 0.8, respectively.Results:The younger (<65) group included 140 patients (mean age 44.1, SD 13.2), while 44 patients were observed in the elderly (>=65) age group (mean age 70.4 years, SD 8.4 (p<0.0001). The elderly group had significantly more patients with hypertension requiring medical management (p=0.012), but no other differences in perioperative comorbidities or demographics were observed. A higher proportion of elderly patients underwent surgery for conditions of osteoarthric origin, while younger patients underwent surgery more frequently for soft tissue pathology (p=0.033). The average LSA score of elderly patients at the preoperative visit was 58.3 (SD 38.0) versus 79.3 (SD 38.8) in the younger cohort (p=0.041). Both the young and elderly patient cohorts regained and surpassed their preoperative mobility scores by 6 months and 1-year postop. No difference in average mobility score was observed between young (85.6, SD 36.1) and elderly (90.1, SD 34.3) cohorts at 1-year follow-up.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that while elderly patients may begin with lower mobility than younger patients with foot and ankle pathology, operative treatment can improve their mobility dramatically up to comparable levels of operatively-treated younger patients. Our results, in tandem with literature showing the drastic deleterious effects of decreased mobility in the elderly, suggest that the discussion to pursue or hold on surgical correction of chronic foot and ankle disease in the patients over the age of 65 must take into account the mobility benefits of surgery.

Spectrum of biopsy-based renal disease in an elderly Turkish population.

The prevalence of kidney disease and the number of renal biopsies performed in the elderly are increasing with aging of the population. We aimed to analyze the clinicopathological findings of kidney diseases in the elderly (≥ 65 years), in comparison with their younger counterparts (aged 16-64 years). The data at the time of renal biopsy were obtained by reviewing medical records and the biopsy reports of the patients retrospectively. The data at the time of renal biopsy were obtained by reviewing medical records and the biopsy reports of the patients who underwent renal biopsy at Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital. Demographic characteristics, clinical syndrome at presentation, and histopathological diagnosis of all patients were recorded. Among the 750 renal biopsies, 93 were performed in elderly patients, which constitutes 12.4% of the biopsies. The mean age of the patients was 71.7±5.4 years, and 62.4% were male. The most common indication for renal biopsy was nephrotic syndrome (NS) in elderly and younger age groups (45.2% vs. 40%). The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN). According to the clinical presentation, MGN (42.8%) was the leading cause of NS, and almost 1/3 of the patients with acute or rapidly progressive renal failure were found to have pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN). In comparison with renal biopsy results of younger patients, MGN and pauci-immune GN were more prevalent, but IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and acute tubular necrosis were less common in elderly patients. Clinical presentation and the frequency of certain renal pathologies differ with age. The relatively high prevalence of potentially curative kidney diseases in the elderly indicates the importance of renal biopsy in these patients.