Age Group In Rural Area Research Articles

Factors for non-acceptance of contraceptive methods amongst married women of reproductive age group in rural Patna

Background: Population explosion has been India's major problem since independence. It is a major obstacle to the overall progress of the nation. Adoption of family planning methods is one of the best solutions to tackle this problem. The present study was planned to determine the factors for non-acceptance of different contraceptive methods among married women of reproductive age group in rural areas of Patna.Methods: Study design: a community based cross sectional study. Study population: married women of reproductive age group (15-45 years). Study period: January 2012- July 2013. Study area: field practice area of PHC Sampatchak, Patna. Sample size: 705 using formula n =4p* q/d2. Study tool: pre tested semi-structured proforma. Collected data was analysed using latest version of SPSS. Results: 705 married women of reproductive age group were surveyed and it was found that out of 705 women only 230 (32.65%) were using contraceptive methods. Amongst the users 70.87% were using permanent method of contraception and that too female sterilization. Of the temporary method users (29.13%) 2.60% were using condom, 15.21% were using OCP (oral contraceptive pills) and 11.30% were using IUCD (Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device). Choice of contraceptive method was mostly OCP (71.4%) when duration of marriage was <5 years. Greater the duration of married life more was the acceptance of Tubectomy. The main reasons for non-acceptance of contraceptives method was desire for child (31.17%) followed by fear of side effects (21.05%). Want of male child and opposition by husband accounted for 8.45% &12% respectively. Conclusions: There is tremendous need to increase use of temporary contraceptives for spacing after one or two children. Male involvement in RCH care is essential. It is important to increase their participation as husbands often influence their wife’s decision regarding reproductive health.

Nutritional assessment of women in the reproductive age group (15-49 years) from a rural area, Kolar, Kerala, India

Background: Adults in India are affected by dual burden of malnutrition such as over nutrition and under nutrition. Literature suggests that only 52% of women and 57% of men are at a normal weight for their height. Objectives: To estimate the nutritional status of women in the reproductive age group in rural Kolar and to estimate various socio-demographic factors associated with the nutritional status of women.Methods: Community based Cross-sectional study was conducted in rural field practice areas of Medical College for 6 months. 180 women in the reproductive age group of 15-49 years residing at Devarayasamudra village were included. Statistical methods: Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used as test of significance.Results: It was observed that out of 180 women, 49 (27.2%) of the women were overweight and 26 (14.4%) women were underweight. 36.67% women had a waist hip ratio of more than 0.85. Multivariate logistic regression showed that Age and educational status were independent risk factors for increased Waist Hip Ratio among women in reproductive age group.Conclusions: Higher prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity was observed among women of reproductive age group in rural area. Hence measures to improve the nutritional status of women in rural areas need to be addressed.

Decomposing change in China's suicide rate, 1990–2010: ageing and urbanisation

ObjectiveThe study empirically quantifies the contributions of age composition and urbanisation to changes in the suicide rate in China over the periods 1990–2000 and 2000–2010.MethodsA decompositional method was used to...

How well do antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees represent the general population? A comparison of HIV prevalence from ANC sentinel surveillance sites with a population-based survey of women aged 15-49 in Cambodia

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether HIV-1 prevalence among antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees in Cambodia provided a reasonable estimate of HIV-1 prevalence among all women 15-49 years. METHODS Antenatal clinic attendees in five HIV sentinel surveillance sites (five provinces) were selected by consecutive sampling (n = 1695). The population survey of females by household was carried out in the same five areas. Household females aged 15-49 years were selected using a three-stage cluster sampling design (n = 3066). Serum-based HIV ELISA testing was done for both ANC attendees and household females. The HIV prevalence for ANC attendees and household females were compared by age group and urban versus rural location. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 infection among ANC attendees (1.62%, 95% CI : 1.26-1.98) was similar to the overall prevalence obtained from the general population of household females (1.24%, 95% CI : 0.92-1.55) in the same catchment areas in Cambodia. In the rural areas, the overall HIV prevalence among ANC attendees (2.18%, 95% CI : 1.59-2.77) was significantly higher than among the household females (0.86%, 95% CI : 0.49-1.23) after adjustment for age distribution and education level. In the 15-24 age group in rural areas, the HIV prevalence of ANC women was 2.71% (95% CI : 0.96-4.46) compared with 0.77% (95% CI : 0.02-1.53) in household females. Although ANC data can be used to estimate trends over time, it should be realized that ANC data may overestimate the actual prevalence in the younger age group in rural areas in Cambodia.

Physician and society A study of people's perception of the social role of physicians in a region of Yugoslavia

The subject of this study was the physician's broader role beyond his professional interest in medical matters. The part of the study here reported concerns people's perception of the physician's normative and actual role in community affairs. It is based on interviews among a representative sample of the general adult population of Istria and Coastal Region of Croatia, Yugoslavia. The sample consisted of 509 respondents aged 15 years and over. The results show that people in urban areas and the more highly educated are more demanding in regard to the social participation they expect from the physician. The same applies to the younger and more highly educated, but older respondents in urban areas also were more demanding than the same age groups in rural areas. As to their perception of the physician's real role in community affairs, more rural people and also the younger ones consider the physician more active in the society. The findings have implications both on the education and training of physicians, and on the education of the public.