One of the key measures of a nation’s overall health and well-being is the incidence of maternal mortality (Osunu, Ofili, and Nwose, 2021). The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), which is estimated as a ratio per 100,000 live births in the survey population, is frequently used to quantify maternal mortality (WHO, 2019). According to statistics, 287,000 maternal fatalities were recorded worldwide in 2020, with sub-Saharan Africa having the greatest casualty count and Eastern Asia holding the least (Mhyre, 2020). According to the aforementioned statistic, there are 223 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births, which translates to a 1 in 210-lifetime probability risk for any girl of reproductive age to die from pregnancy-related causes (Mhyre, 2020). This article addresses maternal mortality as a global health issue. It provides an in-depth overview of its epidemiology, stating prevalence rates based on global, regional, and local estimates. Postpartum bleeding, hypertensive problems in women, obstructed labor, unsafe abortions, and obstetric sepsis are some of the leading direct causes of maternal mortality (Von-Dadelszen and Magee, 2017). It also highlights risk factors such as HIV/AIDS, age, and social determinants like education, as well as their impacts on the general population. This article also examines the global and national policy initiatives that are in place to tackle the prevalence of maternal mortality around the world, the majority of which are a continuation of the promises to improve global health from the 2015 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) into the current Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that will remain in effect until 2030. The overall goal is to reduce the global MMR to fewer than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030 (WHO, 2015). Evidence suggests that these policies are effective in some areas and lead to a slight decrease, but the effectiveness of some global policies has been constrained by their lack of coordination and their inherent contradictions. The assignment examines different health interventions and describes the concept of the health promotion model that adopts these concepts as regards trying to reduce maternal mortality, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In conclusion, the articled highlights some of the challenges faced in the execution of these responses and makes recommendations for activities that will assist in addressing the national and international regulations that have prevented significant advancements in the decrease in maternal mortality.
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