Особливості фізичного і статевого розвитку та стан кісткової тканини у дівчат підліткового віку

Abstract

In the period of puberty the reproductive system formation takes place, the physical development of adolescents body, the mineralization of bone tissue, and the accumulation of bone mass come to an end. Purpose - to assess the physical, sexual development and state of the bone tissue in adolescent girls with violation of the reproductive system formation. Materials and methods. A clinical examination of 87 girls of pubertal age was carried out, the study group included 47 girls with violation of the reproductive system formation. The comparison group consisted of 40 girls without such violation. Anthropometry was used to assess physical and sexual development, сonstitutional type, body mass index, sexual development, and mineral density of bone tissue were determined. Results. Secondary sexual characteristics were found to appear later and have a lower degree of expression in girls of the study group compared to the comparison group (10.2±1.0 points vs. 12.3±1.4 points, p<0.05). Asthenic type of body structure was found 4 times more often, normosthenic type - 2.2 times less often than in girls of the comparison group (р<0.01). Severe disorders of menstrual function occurred 2 times more often in girls with an asthenic body structure compared to girls with a normosthenic body structure. Deficit body weight in girls of the study group was determined 4.2 times more often in girls of the study group than in the comparison group (p<0.01). In 80.8% of adolescent girls with a violation of the reproductive system formation, the mineral density of bone tissue was significantly lower than in the comparison group. In 55.3% of subjects of the main group, osteopenia of various degrees of severity was determined. Conclusions. Adolescent girls with disorders of the reproductive system formation were found a delay in physical development and puberty. The mineral density of bone tissue was significantly lower than in adolescents with a physiological puberty. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committees of the institutions mentioned in the paper. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in children. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.