Recently, more exercise testing is performed as part of the medical check-up and exercise prescription in health promotion centers in Japan; however, exercise testing is mostly performed without expiratory gas analysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate gender and age differences in response to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) in subjects with wide age differences. Subjects consisted of 665 males aged 50.7 ± 13.3 (mean ± SD) and 2,305 females aged 47.6 ± 12.6 yrs, who performed CPX at the Tokyo Metropolitan Health Promotion Center. We conducted symptom limited maximal exercise tests by bicycle ergometer with expiratory gas analysis via the breath by breath method. Peak heart rate was slightly higher in males than in females for all ages but lower than the age predicted maximal heart rate (220-age) for both genders due to the use of the bicycle ergometer. Also age predicted maximal heart rates during bicycle ergometer exercise were 205 - 0.75 * age r = 0.601, P < 0.0001 in males and 195 - 0.62 * age r = −0.539, P < 0.0001 in females. Peak oxygen uptake was higher in males than in females for all ages with the female value being roughly 80% of the male value. Additionally age predicted maximal oxygen uptake, estimated by bicycle ergometer exercise testing, were 43 - 0.24 * age r = −0.524, P < 0.0001 in males and 35 −0.62 * age in females r = −0.477, P < 0.0001. Oxygen uptake at the ventilatory threshold (VT) was 20 - 0.059 * age r = −0.213, P < 0.0001 in males and 18 - 0.036 * age r = −0.140, P < 0.0001 in females. Heart rate at VT was 132 −0.36 * age r = −0.346, P < 0.0001 in males, and 133 - 0.26 * age r = −0.240, P < 0.0001 in females. These results offer valuable data for evaluating CPX and for comparison with international data.