Affordable Price Research Articles

Analysis of The Income Level of Street Vendors in Besitang Market Langkat Regency

Street trading plays a significant role in the urban economy, contributing to the livelihoods of several micro traders and opportunities for consumers to obtain goods and services at affordable prices. This research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of street vendors' income by considering several factors that influence their economic welfare. This study involved a field survey at Besitang Market. Data was collected through direct interviews with traders, field observations, and analysis of related documents. Based on the results and discussion, the economic conditions of street vendors at Besitang Market are influenced by factors such as competition with other traders, reduced customer interest, and high operational costs. Apart from that, the type of merchandise also influences the trader's income level. Therefore, market management strategies and support from the local government are needed to increase the income and welfare of street vendors at Besitang Market, Langkat Regency.

Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Dan Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Rozs Perfumery

The development of perfume in Indonesia is growing very rapidly. Making sales competition between perfume companies higher and making it difficult for companies to compete. One of them Rozs Perfumery must have the maximum ability to produce improvements in product quality and affordable price quotes to attract purchasing decisions made by consumers. With this, it is known that product quality and price at Rozs Perfumery still have many shortcomings. This study is intended to examine the effect of product quality and price on purchasing decisions on Rozs Perfumery products. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with a questionnaire in collecting data on 100 respondents. A number of analytical procedures used are validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation and determination coefficient analysis, to research hypotheses, using SPSS software. As the research findings, the regression equation Y = 12.035, X1 = - 0.297, X2 = 1.075 was obtained. This study found that the effect of product quality and price on purchasing decisions for Rozs Perfume Perfumery was 88.7%, and the rest was influenced by other factors not included in the study. It is known that product quality and price have a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions for Rozs Perfumery perfume.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA PETERNAKAN BURUNG PUYUH PEDAGING (Coturnix coturnix japonica) DI KECAMATAN KERUMUTAN

Quail farming business is one of the potential businesses as the population increases and public awareness of the need for daily animal protein sources that are easy to get at affordable prices compared to other poultry meat. The objectives of this study are to find out the feasibility of Mr. Agung Wibowo's quail farming business in Kerumutan District based on market and marketing aspects, technical aspects, environmental aspects and financial aspects. Data collection is carried out by means of field surveys, interviews, literature studies and documentation. The result of this research is that the quail farming business owned by Mr. Agung Wibowo in Kerumutan District is worthy of continuing. Based on market and marketing aspects, it is feasible because it has segmentation, clear targeting and market position, and a selling price that is quite competitive compared to other poultry meat prices and has a marketing strategy with a marketing mix. From the technical aspect, it is feasible because it has all the necessary facilities and equipment and have a clear production cycle and business location. From the environmental aspect, it is feasible because of the environmental impact management. Based on the results of the calculation, the financial aspect is declared feasible. Where the R/C Ratio value > out of 1, which is 1.5. The value of the π/C Ratio is 0.57% higher than the value of the BRI Simpedes savings interest rate of 0.25%. Production BEP Value < Production Amount and BEP Value Price < Selling Price per Head. From the results of the calculation of the Production BEP Value is 3,312 heads. So 3,312 Heads < 5,162 Heads and the result of calculating the BEP Price Value is Rp. 3,011. Then Rp. 3,011 < Rp. 5,500.

Does Organic Food Consumers’ Perception of Organisation CSR Matter: Evidence from Malaysia

This article aims to test whether organic food consumers’ perception of organisations’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) matters by examining the specific attributes that consumers prioritise in gauging the corporate CSR of organisations manufacturing organic food products in Malaysia. A structured Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect data from a total of 313 consumers utilising the survey method. Findings suggest that organisations should prioritise stakeholders’ interest through positive health benefits of organic food products, environmental commitment, product knowledge, trustworthy information and affordable prices rather than using CSR as a growth factor to promote quality and sustainability only. The study emphasises the role of the Malaysian government in enhancing the standards of organic food production and processing, which will motivate many companies to venture into organic farming and lead towards less reliance on imports of organic food. This will build up consumer trust and satisfaction towards organic produce. Lastly, there will be an increase in consumer trust and satisfaction towards organic produce as demand increases after the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study is suitable for organic food manufacturers who intend to improve social image, stakeholder experience and value creation, which will help brand their products. The implications of this study are generalisable not only in Malaysia but worldwide since the world is moving towards the new normal, and precautionary measures to combat health issues are prioritised.

Naming and Branding of Madurese Traditional Culinary

Madura has diverse culinary specialties. This aspect of culinary naming and branding is interesting to study in relation to culinary tourism. This study aims to explain aspects of food naming and their patterns in traditional Sumenep culinary delights. In addition, it also explains the branding aspects of the food. Data on food names were obtained from the official tourism guidebook issued by the Office of Culture, Youth, Sports, and Tourism of Sumenep Regency. The results of this research show that aspects of food naming are derived from the food ingredients used, the uniqueness of the food, and the culinary origin, emphasizing its origin from Madura. The food naming uses patterns of words and phrases. If it is used a single word then the name of the food is unique, and if it is used a phrase pattern then the second word explains the first word, either for material or origin. Meanwhile, the culinary branding aspect in the tourist guidebook is to use explanations of authentic, distinctive, easy to find, delicious, affordable prices and cultural heritage. The terms used provide a positive image for traditional Madurese culinary delights.

Critical Issues Digital Natives and E-Market Consumption

The Javanese proverb “yen pasar ilang kumandange” describes real market conditions that have been disrupted by technology, such as the internet. In East Java, internet growth has developed rapidly, so that the number of internet users is increasing every year. The internet has become a basic need and cannot be separated from one’s everyday life. This is because the internet makes everything easy for its users, for instance, online shopping. Before the trend of online shopping, shopping activities were usually carried out in physical markets in the sense of conventional markets, between sellers and buyers making transactions offline, but since the advent of the internet, this culture has shifted to online shopping. This research was designed in an exploratory research scheme with an interpretative qualitative approach. Researchers explore information derived from experience, knowledge, understanding, and views using a type of qualitative research. The study uses a realist ethnographic inductive approach. Realist ethnography is an ethnographic approach that describes the situation and conditions of the culture of the informants. Moreover, two analytical methods were used – the Miles & Hubeman model data analysis method and the data analysis model method from Spradley. Based on the data obtained, five themes were found from the motives behind making purchases on the marketplace. These themes include the vast variety of goods that are sold online, effective and efficient use of time, more affordable prices, there is a review feature, and services provided by the marketplace. Besides, the purchase motives made by students can be classified into two – Utilitarian motives and Hedonism motives. Keywords: digital natives, consumption product, existence marketplace

Kajian Kepuasan Petani Terhadap Atribut Benih Tomat di Kabupaten Bandung

An act to increase the production of tomatoes needed since the Indonesian tomatoes production is still fluctuating. One of the efforts is to increase tomatoes’ production is the usage of certified tomatoes’ seed. The research conducted to analyze the farmers’ satisfaction level on the high variety marketed tomatoes’ seed. The research conducted using descriptive analysis method, Important Performance Analysis (IPA) and analysis using Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The research conducted in Bandung Regency in the area of Pangalengan Subdistrict and Arjasari subdistrict. The survey included a hundred respondents in total. Sampling conducted using survey method through questioners. Sampling selected using multistage cluster random sampling. Result of the research showed that there are 12 attributes considered as important and good performance according to farmers. The attributes included varieties with high yield (X2.3); varieties with good weather tolerance (heat and rain) (X2.4); varieties with quality that corresponds to the expected quality (X3.1); high productivity (X3.2); amount according to the land area requirement (X4.1); seed delivery to farmers (X4.4); expired date (X5.1); easy to access (X6.1); seed stock availability(X6.2); affordable price (X7.2); price according to the expected quality (X7.3). Farmers’ Satisfaction Analysis Result showed that 70% of farmers satisfied by the attributes of marketed tomatoes’seed.

Application of Interactive Games on Tourism Objects Based on Augmented Reality Gamification

The development of information technology is always growing rapidly, especially in the field of android smartphones. Android smartphones can now be obtained at a fairly affordable price. With rapid development, there are so many innovations that can be developed by the smartphone itself, even the tourism sector such as The Sila's Agroutourism can get the impact of several innovations that exist along with the times such as Augmented Reality. In this research, the author uses two augmented reality methods, namely Marker Based Tracker and also Markerless. Where Marker based tracker is a method that uses image illustrations in the form of QR codes or special logos to identify an object in the Augmented Reality application. While Markerless is a method that does not require a marker or image to display the object. So that this research produces an augmanted reality game using the marker-based tracker method and also markerless which takes the GPS tracker method as its markerless method. This test uses 3 tests, namely Blackbox testing, Response Time testing and also User Experience Questioner (UEQ). Where the UEQ results filled in by 35 respondents get results above average (Excelent). So that it shows that this game is good and as expected.

ANALISIS BIAYA PRODUKSI DAN PENGELOLAAN PERSEDIAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN PT NOORE SPORT INDONESIA DI KOTA BANDUNG

Effective production cost management is crucial for determining competitive selling prices, especially when facing competitors offering similar products at affordable prices. Inventory management plays a vital role in the sales process, making it essential for companies to manage and monitor their inventory effectively. This research addresses the challenges faced by companies regarding suboptimal production cost calculations and inadequate inventory management, leading to stock shortages. The study aims to analyze the practices employed by companies to optimize production costs and manage inventory efficiently, thereby maintaining product quality and responding to market changes. The focus is on understanding how companies identify, measure, and control production costs and manage inventory efficiently. The research employs descriptive and quantitative methods, including observations, interviews, and documentation related to production cost reports and inventory data. The findings indicate that current company policies are not optimal and lack efficiency. This study compares the company's production cost calculations with the full costing method and applies the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method for inventory management to enable efficient inventory control. The implications suggest that adopting these methods can significantly improve production cost management and inventory efficiency, providing a competitive edge in the market

Will Hydrogen Be a New Natural Gas? Hydrogen Integration in Natural Gas Grids.

Hydrogen is similar to natural gas in terms of its physical and chemical properties but does not release carbon dioxide when burnt. This makes hydrogen an energy carrier of great importance in climate policy, especially as an enabler of increasing integration of volatile renewable energy, progressive electrification, and effective emission reductions in the hard-to-decarbonize sectors. Leaving aside the problems of transporting hydrogen as a liquid, technological challenges along the entire supply chain can be considered as solved in principle, as shown in the experimental findings of the Hydrogen Innovation Program of the German Technical and Scientific Association for Gas and Water. By scaling up production and end-use capacities and, most importantly, producing hydrogen in regions with abundant renewable energy, hydrogen and its applications can displace natural gas at affordable prices in the medium term. However, this substitution will take place at different rates in different regions and with different levels of added value, all of which must be understood for hydrogen uptake to be successful.

Pengembangan Produk Menggunakan Pendekatan New Product Development di PT. LMN Purwakarta

In this study, it will focus on product development where the products that are currently produced, one of which is mustard greens, so because this mustard greens product is in the maturity phase or the peak of the increase, which will automatically if this product continues to be produced, it will decrease.research and development is the method used to conduct this research. In the processing of RND data, various processes in the RND method have been calculated according to the data generated from the questionnaire. For the results that have been determined using the RND method, the value generated from the method is that consumers prefer vegetables that are a new variant of PT LMN. After the sampling, market research conditions related to vegetables that are used as the basis for the questionnaire People want vegetables that have affordable prices with the development of vegetables that have a variety at PT LMN. The steps of HOQ to determine new products at PT LMN are to find the values generated from the questionnaire data that has been distributed and processed using the formulas in the HOQ process. After calculating the HOQ, a new product was produced that would be a variation of PT LMN's product, namely kailan vegetables.

Crop Water Use and a Gravity Model Exploration of Virtual Water Trade in Ghana’s Cereal Agriculture

Agricultural water productivity is crucial for sustainability amidst the escalating demand for food. Cereals are pivotal in providing nutritious food at affordable prices. This study was based on Ghanaian data spanning from 1992 to 2021 to evaluate water usage in the cultivation of major cereals. It also examined the virtual water losses or gains in cereal trade alongside influencing factors. The analysis utilized secondary data encompassing the virtual water content, production quantity, export and import quantities, distance, GDP per capita, population, and land per capita of Ghana and its 75 trade partners. In the last 5 years, crop water use (CWU) reached an average of 7.08 billion m3/yr for maize, 3.48 billion m3/yr for rice, 1.08 billion m3/yr for sorghum, and 0.63 billion m3/yr for millet production. Ghana’s major partners for exported virtual water (EVW) were Niger, Burkina Faso, South Africa, and Togo. Major partners for imported virtual water (IVW) were Argentina, South Africa, Ukraine, Togo, Russia, Burkina Faso, Canada, Senegal, Nigeria, Portugal, UK, Niger, and the USA. The Panel Least Squares Method of regression was used to apply the Gravity Model principle in assessing influencing factors. The findings indicate that Ghana is a net importer of virtual water in the cereal trade, with significant influences from geographical distance, GDP per capita, population, land per capita, and cereal water use.

Peran Komunitas Online Dalam Membangun Preferensi Merek Otomotif Jepang (Studi Netnografi Pada Grup Facebook Motuba)

The purpose of this research is to determine the role of online communities in building preferences for Japanese automotive brands (netnographic study of the Motuba Facebook group) (student study at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Singaperbangsa University, Karawang). Japanese popular culture, or what is often called J-pop culture, is a global phenomenon that attracts the attention of many people in various countries, including Indonesia. The qualitative research design used in this study is a netnographic study. This approach allows researchers to understand and analyze interactions, behavior and community dynamics in depth through participant observation in online environments. An interview with Mbah Mikael Bekti revealed that the Motuba group is a relatively new community for him, but members tend to have a preference for Japanese automotive brands due to personal experience and affordable prices. Communication within the group occurs directly through the comments feature, with little use of special terms or symbols.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Sistem Pemasaran Warkop Kopi Kampus (KOKAM) di Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

The purpose of this service is to find out how and how much influence the use of the management control system (SPM) and marketing strategies implemented at the Campus Coffee Shop has to improve quality so that it can survive in the competition of similar coffee shop businesses. Marketing development strategy for campus coffee shops (KOKAM). Several approaches that can help coffee shops around campus increase their attractiveness and business success include understanding the target market, strong branding, menu variations, special promotions for students, collaboration with student organizations, a comfortable and instagrammable atmosphere, promotions on Social Media. Conclusion Warkop campus coffee (KOKAM) is growing and attracting more customers, prioritizing the quality of the products sold, warkop is a comfortable place with affordable coffee prices with the aroma and taste of coffee being the main attraction, by creating a variety of different coffee flavors, take advantage of social media platforms to introducing warkop.

Effects of Fast Food Consumption on Adolescent Health: A Literature Review

Ready-to-eat food is food that can be easily and quickly prepared as a substitute for home-cooked food. The popularity of fast food or fast food among teenagers is increasing, along with the increase in portions and energy contained in it. Several factors that support the consumption of fast food by teenagers include knowledge, peer influence, a comfortable place to gather, good taste, convenience and practicality, pocket money, affordable prices, and fast food brands. This research aims to determine the negative impacts that can be caused by consuming fast food on teenagers. This research was conducted using qualitative analysis methods through literature studies obtained from Google Scholar relating to the influence of fast food consumption among teenagers. Research results show that consumption of fast food by teenagers can cause dangerous diseases such as high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease, kidney problems and liver damage. Apart from that, excessive consumption of fast food can also increase the risk of obesity in teenagers.

Strategi Brand Relationship Quality Pada Bisnis Waralaba di Indonesia

A franchise is defined as a business that provides more or special benefits. Based on the results of literature research, franchise marketing can be a consideration to be implemented by paying attention to the standards of the brand owners with whom we collaborate. Franchise marketing can bring new colors and develop attractive, quality products at more affordable prices. BRQ strategy is a method for establishing a high-quality psychological or emotional connection between consumers and brands. The focus of this research examines the things that need to be prepared to use the BRQ strategy to build a franchise business in Indonesia. The method used in this article is narrative literature reflection and literature search based on research conducted in Indonesia. Literature search using the Google Scholar database.

Motif Penggunaan Modem Orbit Telkomsel Pada Masyarakat di Kabupaten Karawang : Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Kebutuhan Internet

This research aims to explore the motives and experiences of using the PT Orbit Modem. Telkom Indonesia Tbk. by the people of Karawang Regency in meeting internet needs. By using a qualitative approach and phenomenological study methods, this research identifies the factors that influence people's decisions in using the Telkomsel Orbit modem. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with ten informants who are Telkomsel Orbit modem users in Karawang Regency. The research results show that the motive for using the Telkomsel Orbit modem is influenced by previous positive experiences with Telkomsel products, trust in stable network quality, affordable prices, ease of use, and internet stability. The motives for using it include cost savings, efficiency of use, ease of installation, payment via the MyOrbit application, and the experience of internet stability for daily needs. Therefore, it can be concluded that the decision to use the Telkomsel Orbit modem by the people of Karawang Regency was driven by a combination of positive experiences and the desire to create better conditions in the future, with a focus on trust, efficiency and stability in internet use.

Determinants of parental demand of human papillomavirus vaccination for adolescent daughters in China: Contingent valuation survey.

Several types of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been approved for use in adolescent girls in China. These vaccines are regulated as non-National Immunisation Program vaccines and are optional and generally fully self-paid by vaccinees. To assess parents' demand for HPV vaccination by eliciting their willingness-to-pay for their adolescent daughters to be vaccinated against HPV and to examine the determinants of demand for HPV vaccination in China. A contingent valuation survey was conducted across three cities in Shandong Province in eastern China. We selected 11 junior middle schools with different socioeconomic features and randomly selected 6 classes in each school, and questionnaires were distributed to all girls aged 12-16 in the 66 classes for their parents to complete. A payment card approach was used to elicit parental willingness-to-pay for HPV vaccination for their daughters. We also collected a wide array of socioeconomic and psychological variables and interval regressions were applied to examine the determinants of parental willingness-to-pay. A total of 1074 eligible parents who completed valid questions were included in analyses. Over 85% of parents believed HPV vaccines were, in general, necessary and beneficiary. However, only around 10% believed that their daughters would be infected by HPV. About 8% of parents would not accept HPV vaccine even if the vaccine were free mainly due to concerns about the potential side effects and vaccine safety and quality issues, and 27.37% would only accept the vaccine if it were free. The median willingness-to-pay was 300 CNY (42 USD). Several factors were positively correlated with higher willingness-to-pay: income, urban residence (relative to rural residence), mothers (relative to fathers), parents' beliefs about vaccine benefits, whether they should make decisions for their daughters, and whether their daughters would be susceptible to HPV. Though education-level was not significantly correlated with willingness-to-pay in the main regressions, a subgroup analysis revealed interesting dynamics in the relation between education and willingness-to-pay across different income-levels. There is a large gap between parents' willingness-to-pay and the market price of HPV vaccine for girls in China. Parents generally believed the HPV vaccines were beneficial and necessary but when asked for their daughters, most parents did not believe their daughters would be infected by HPV despite the high prevalence in China. Future focus should be on ensuring the provision of accurate health information about HPV prevalence, vaccine quality, and safety to promote vaccine uptake, and promotional efforts tailored to different income groups might yield better effects. Government involvement in negotiating more widely acceptable and affordable prices or subsidising may be necessary for protecting high-risk population groups.

Upaya Dalam Mempertahankan Kinerja yang Produktif Pada UMKM Goks, Padang

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are business activities that are able to expand employment opportunities, provide broad economic services to the community, play a role in the process of equalizing and increasing community income, encourage economic growth, and play a role in realizing national stability. MSMEs are very important in implementing and maintaining productive and healthy performance. One of those who need an adaptation plan is MSME Goks which is located on Jl. Aru No. 13, Lubuk Begalung Nan XX, Padang City, West Sumatra, 25221. Goks is an ice cream business that offers attractive promotions and has a very affordable price factor. This community service activity begins with surveys and interviews, mapping and identifying problems, formulating solutions, and implementing mentoring activities. The impact of this activity is the expansion of product marketing and business development of Goks Padang MSME actors.

Assessing the viability of enhancing logistics and supply chain operations: a case study of the Eastern Economic Corridor

ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) rail project on Thailand’s logistics and supply chain operations using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Pearson’s correlation analysis reveals a negative correlation of −0.3354 for economic factors and a positive correlation of 0.3179 for logistic performance, indicating a moderate to strong negative correlation with the EEC line’s progress. Survey results show that 62.30% of respondents live in urban areas of Chonburi or Rayong. Transportation preferences indicate that 72.13% use a single mode, mainly private cars, with public transport rarely used (1.64% daily) and typical travel times of 30 minutes to an hour for 60.66%. Awareness of the HSR project is low, with over 57% unfamiliar, but 54.10% strongly agree on its importance for regional economic growth. Feasibility studies show 54.10% find it highly feasible to use HSR, expecting benefits in job creation, tourism, and business opportunities. Environmental and social concerns suggest affordable pricing, targeted job creation, and support for vulnerable groups to ensure social equity. Recommendations include improving transport integration, fostering economic and social equity, and prioritising environmental sustainability to support Thailand’s long-term development goals.