Affect Tax Compliance Research Articles

Analisis variabel yang mempengaruhi sikap dalam membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan di kecamatan pasar kliwon Surakarta

This reseacrh aims to determine the effect of taxpayer income, taxpayer awareness, quality of tax services and tax sanctions on compliance with paying land and building taxes in Pasar Kliwon District. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling for 100 land and building taxpayers with the criteria of owning or building a house or building locasted in Pasar Kliwon District. The data used are primary data obtained through a questionnaire. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 19. The result of this study showed that taxpayer income, taxpayer awareness, and also the quality of tax services have a significant effect on tax compliance. On the other hand, tax sanctions have no significant effect on tax compliance. Synchronously, (simultaneously) taxpayer income, taxpayer awareness, quality of tax services, and tax sanctions affect tax compliance.

Trust in the Government, Tax Knowledge, Religiusity and Perceptions of Tax Sanctions on Tax Compliance

Tax compliance has long been a problem for governments around the world, including Indonesia. Trust in the government can be understood as something reciprocal and reciprocal that must be carried out by both parties, namely the government itself and the community and applies reciprocally. Responsive government that will have an impact on taxpayers, information received by taxpayers, even the attachment of taxpayers to their religion can control taxpayers in acting even in the imposition of sanctions received by taxpayers that affect tax compliance in Indonesia. Trust in government, Knowledge of taxation, this study uses quantitative data using a questionnaire distributed online (google form) to 99 samples registered at KPP Pratama Cikarang. The data collection technique used the accidental sampling technique. The results of the data analysis showed thatTrust in government, Knowledge of taxation, religiosity and perception of tax sanctionspositive and significant effect on the compliance of individuals registered with KPP Pratama Cikarang Keywords:Trust in Government, Knowledge of Taxation, Religiosity, Perception of Tax Sanctions, Tax Compliance DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/13-6-04 Publication date: March 31 st 2022

Taxpayer Compliance Determinants: Perspective of Theory of Planned Behavior and Theory of Attribution

Tax compliance is an issue that needs to be resolved by the government to ensure an increase in revenue, so it must develop taxpayer attitudes and awareness towards tax compliance. The purpose of the study was to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of tax knowledge, tax sanctions, and the ability to pay taxes on tax compliance mediated by awareness of paying taxes. The research design uses explanatory causality with the type of hypothesis testing, surveys for data collection, and the data source is primary. The research population is all individual taxpayers (WPOP) who have a Taxpayer Identification Number (NPWP) at the West Jakarta DJP Regional Office in DKI Jakarta Province. The sampling technique is accidental sampling. The research sample is 130 taxpayers (WPOP). The unit of analysis is individual. The time horizon is a cross-section--data analysis using path analysis. The results showed that knowledge of taxation, tax sanctions, and ability to pay taxes partially affected the awareness of paying taxes; knowledge of taxation, tax sanctions, and ability to pay taxes partially affects tax compliance. The research findings show that during the COVID-19 pandemic, taxpayers are pretty aware of paying taxes to comply with tax law regulations according to their abilities by functioning as a mediator to improve tax compliance.

Apakah Empati Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Pajak?

Research on the impact of empathy as a non-economic factor on taxpayer compliance has not been studied in Indonesia. Most research still focuses on economic factors that affect tax compliance. To find out whether empathy affects tax compliance, this study uses binary logistic regression analysis because the dependent variable is nominal and categorical. The significance of the regression equation parameters was tested by the Ratio Likelihood Test and the Wald Test. Then, the goodness of fit model was tested using the Hosmer-Lemeshow Test. The likelihood ratio test shows that there is at least one coefficient from the regression model that has an effect on the 5% significance level. Based on the Wald test, there is no independent variable that has a significant effect on tax compliance with a 5% significance level. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test states that the binary logistic regression model in this study is feasible to use. Binary logistic regression analysis shows that only one predictor has a significant effect on the tax compliance variable, namely empathic concern items. The odds ratio value of 1.054 on the empathic concern items variable shows that taxpayers who have empathy will be 1.054 times more tax compliant than respondents who do not have empathy. In other words, respondents who have empathy will tend to be more obedient in paying taxes than those who do not have this trait. Therefore, the government can formulate regulations that support the emergence of empathic concern items in the community so that tax compliance increases.

Power, Trust and Transparency as Determinant Factors of Tax Compliance: A Systematic Review

This systematic review emphasizes the importance of expanding and deepening the theoretical framework of research on individual taxpayer compliance, particularly through integrated models. The main objective of this article is to systematically review the literature on tax compliance based on three determinants: coercive power, trust in tax authorities and transparency; and provide a direction for future research. There are three review questions in this paper, namely: (1) What is the present situation of the literature on the connection between coercive power and tax compliance; (2) What is the present situation of the literature on the connection between trust in tax authorities and tax compliance; (3) What is the present situation of the literature on the connection between “relationship transparency” and tax compliance. A systematic review of the literature was used to perform this review, considering 66 studies published in several suggested databases. The results are a call for a more sophisticated understanding of not only how suggested factors (Coercive Power; Trust; Transparency) affect tax compliance, but also how they interact and change each other and then, influence tax compliance. This review implies that enhancing tax service, transparency, and government trust is more successful and relatively easier to proceed than encouraging positive behaviour among taxpayers. This review is the first to systematically analyse the literature on tax compliance based on three determinants (coercive power, trust and transparency), as found, no synthesis studies have comprehensively covered the issue. This results in unique, motivating, and relevant discoveries that may be used to direct future studies and serve as a tool for academics, practitioners, and policymakers. Furthermore, this study would aid governments and tax authorities to understand the motives and perceptions of taxpayers into taxes.

When Do Beliefs, About the Values of Others, Affect Tax Compliance and Honesty?

When Do Beliefs, About the Values of Others, Affect Tax Compliance and Honesty?

The impact of attitude towards an e-tax system on tax compliance of Vietnamese enterprises: Adoption of an e-tax system as a mediator

PURPOSE: Tax compliance is a topic of concern for many scholars all over the world. Most of them point out factors affecting tax compliance, and one significant factor is the adoption of tax compliance. However, there have not been many studies analyzing the relationship between attitude towards an e-tax system, adoption of an e-tax system, and tax compliance. This paper aims to investigate the mediating impact of adoption of an e-tax system in the association between attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance based on empirical evidence from Vietnamese enterprises. METHODOLOGY: On the basis of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), the research model is proposed. Accordingly, hypotheses are developed and this study applies a quantitative analysis with a research sample of 435 Vietnamese enterprises. The questionnaire includes close-ended questions sent to managers or tax accounting officers at enterprises by three methods: directly interviewing, via e-mail, and via the General Department of Taxation. The collected data are then processed and analyzed by SPSS v.22 and AMOS. The study applies Cronbach’s Alpha as a tool for assessing the reliability or internal consistency of scales. Following is the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Finally, regression analysis is used to evaluate the impact of the independent variables on the dependent variable and to estimate the research model. FINDINGS: There are significant direct effects of the two independent variables, attitude towards an e-tax system and adoption of an e-tax system, with the dependent variable tax compliance. Furthermore, the adoption of an e-tax system partially mediates the association between attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance. This mediating effect positively consolidates the impact of attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance. IMPLICATIONS: This paper mainly focuses on the tax compliance of Vietnamese enterprises that could be further studied with foreign enterprises that have been operating in Vietnam. Besides, the research is conducted in the context of Vietnam, thus, it is a reference for studies in other developing countries having a similar economy or tax administration. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study contributes to enhancing research associated with tax compliance, especially investigating the mediating impact of adoption of an e-tax system in the association between attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance of enterprises in the context of Vietnam. The findings of the study suggest some policy implications for improving tax compliance in Vietnam including (1) continuously improving the information technology infrastructure for both tax authorities and enterprises; (2) widely disseminating tax law and providing support services to enterprises; (3) upgrading the e-tax system to ensure the effective coordination between tax authorities, tax officials, enterprises, and other authorities in applying e-tax; (4) consolidating the supervision and assessment of the adoption of e-tax; (5) promoting information and education on the perception of complying with the tax law for taxpayers in particular and the entire population in general; (6) developing a tax administration strategy based on tax compliance.

Observational Study of Tax Compliance and Tax Evasion in Nigeria

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on tax evasion. The main purpose of the research is to explore how leaders in the manufacturing industries could understand the drivers of tax evasion in manufacturing companies, which may prevent sanctions from tax authorities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Systematization of the literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of low tax revenues indicated the presence of a significant number of drivers of tax evasion. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that high levels of tax evasion can lead to a decrease in tax revenues to such an extent that it will threaten the ability of the Nigerian government to finance fiscal measures. Investigation of the topic of tax evasion in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: at the first stage, an analysis of taxpayers; compliance attitude in developing countries and the level of tax compliance and tax evasion was conducted. In the second stage, factors affecting tax compliance and factors influencing tax evasion were summarized and analyzed in the article, and the economic consequences of these processes were determined. Methodological tools of the research methods were the methods of generalization, analysis, and synthesis of scientific literature, formalization, and abstraction. The object of research is the theories and/or concepts of tax evasion, in particular: the theory of reasoned action and the theory of technology adoption life cycle. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the drivers of tax evasion, which proved that manufacturing companies deliberately fail to submit the required tax return documentation to avoid tax obligations. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the list of drivers of tax evasion may also include other reasons for tax evasion for manufacturing companies, such as a lack of education and understanding of the tax documentation requirements, process issues, technology access issues, and others. The results of the research can be useful for the tax authorities in Lagos to educate other sectors that engage in tax evasion to increase the rate of overall tax compliance.

Factors affecting tax compliance of small and medium enterprises in Hung Yen province, Vietnam

Corporate tax compliance has been an interest of policymakers in many countries. Taxes contribute the most to the government’s revenues in Vietnam in general and in Hung Yen in particular. Therefore, tax compliance of enterprises, including SMEs, attracts special concern of the Government and many localities. The objective of this study is to evaluate factors affecting tax compliance by examining 310 managers, tax accountants and accountants at SMEs in Hung Yen province. The survey data is collected by the statistical software SPSS 20. The experimental research results confirm that factors (the possibility of tax inspection, tax rates, tax penalties, and the complexity of tax policy, social norms and tax knowledge) have different influences on tax compliance in SMEs in Hung Yen province, Vietnam.

Literature Reviews of Internal Aspects of Individual Taxpayers That Influence Tax-Paying Compliance

Studies on individual taxpayer compliance have been carried out. Several internal factors from within the taxpayer can affect taxpayer compliance. In this study, researchers will identify any internal factors affecting taxpayer compliance in paying taxes. Researchers reviewed 20 articles related to internal factors that can affect tax compliance. Such internal factors include tax morale, education level, income level, age, and gender. According to the 20 articles, there are still inconsistencies. Several studies have stated that these internal factors affect taxpayer compliance. Another study states that the internal factors did not affect taxpayer compliance.

Inequitable wages and tax evasion

In a two-stage lab experiment, we examine whether wage inequity has a greater impact on tax compliance and on the beliefs about peers’ compliance levels among the wronged when it results from intentional human choice versus a random mechanism. Subjects are organized into groups of six. In the first stage, we perform a wage inequity manipulation by assigning equitable or inequitable wages to subjects as remuneration for a real-effort task. In the second stage, subjects are prompted to report their incomes, of which a certain percent is deducted but not redistributed between them. Then, subjects state their incentivized beliefs about the mean of the declared-to-true income ratio among their group members. We find that tax compliance and beliefs are eroded when wage inequity stems from intentional human choice but not when it is due to randomness. Consequently, it is not inequity per se that reduces tax compliance and corrupts beliefs, but rather when inequity is due to a human choice. Our results demonstrate that incidental unfairness in the form of intentional wage inequity adversely affects tax compliance and beliefs about peers’ compliance levels. In conclusion, intentional wage inequity can be harmful for society. Preregistered at aspredicted.org #36099.

The Effect of Self Assessment and Tax Knowledge on Tax Compliance

Tax is the main income of the State. Unfortunately, citizens who fulfill their tax obligations are not balanced with the total population in Indonesia. This is a problem, how to increase tax compliance, to increase the tax ratio, so that income from taxes can be maximized. Many studies examine the factors that affect tax compliance. This research will examine the effect of self-assessment and tax knowledge on tax compliance of taxpayers. The sample of this study was 80 respondents, with the criteria of a private person in the city of Serang, who had a TIN and worked. The results of this study indicate that self assessment and tax knowledge have a positive and significant impact on tax compliance, either partially or simultaneously.

Small business tax compliance under third-party reporting

How does third-party income reporting affect tax compliance? We use confidential administrative data from tax returns and information reports to estimate the impact of third-party income reporting on small business tax compliance. Since 2011, payment settlement entities (e.g., American Express) were required to report payment card transactions to both the firm and the Internal Revenue Service using Form 1099-K. This requirement made businesses’ receipts from payment cards—but not their cash receipts—third-party reported. Consequently, businesses located in higher payment card use areas experienced greater levels of third-party reporting than businesses located in lower credit card use areas. We construct an index of payment card use at the commuting zone level, and we use this variation to identify the effect of Form 1099-K on reported receipts and deductions by small businesses. Overall, we find that the legislation modestly increased reported receipts without significantly increasing deductions. We also find substantial heterogeneity, with smaller firms, firms in business-to-consumer industries, and partnerships reporting a relatively large increase in receipts and a partially offsetting increase in deductions, implying a modest increase in tax compliance.

SOSYAL NORMLAR VE DAĞITIM ADALETİ ALGISININ VERGİ UYUMU ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Bugün ülke ekonomilerine bakıldığında, küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin, tüm işletmelerin yaklaşık %95-99'unu oluşturduğu ve yatırım, ihracat ve istihdam açısından ülke ekonomilerindeki paylarının sürekli arttığı görülmektedir. Bu da onları vergi uyumu açısından önemli bir grup haline getirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, vergi uyum niyetinin, sosyal normlar ve dağıtım adaleti tarafından nasıl etkilendiğinin küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler açısından incelenmesidir. Çalışmada vergi uyum niyetini, sosyal normları ve dağıtım adaletini ölçmek için üç farklı ölçek kullanılmıştır. Yapısal eşitlik modeli oluşturulduktan sonra tahmin edilmiştir. Tahmin edilen model sonucunda, vergi uyum niyetinin, dağıtım adaleti ve sosyal normlar tarafından etkilendiği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Dağıtım adaleti doğrudan ve pozitif olarak vergi uyum niyetini etkilemektedir. Kişisel normlar, vergi uyumunu pozitif ve anlamlı şekilde etkilemektedir. Subjektif normların dağıtım adaleti üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi vardır ve aynı zamanda dağıtım adaleti yoluyla vergi uyum niyeti üzerindeki dolaylı etkileri de söz konusudur. Tahmin edilen modelin bulgularına göre, vergi uyum niyeti hem sosyal normlardan hem de dağıtım adaletinden anlamlı ve pozitif bir şekilde etkilenmektedir. Bu sonuç vergi uyum niyetini ortaya koymak için sosyal normların ve dağıtım adaletinin önemini göstermektedir.

Relationship between Taxpayers and Authorities against Tax Compliance during the Covid'19 Pandemic

Taxpayer compliance during the Covid 19 pandemic is an important issue in the relationship between taxpayers and tax authorities. This study was to identify taxpayer compliance behavior using factors, namely: procedural fairness, trust, and commitment. The commitment mediation effect was also tested in this study. Data were collected through questionnaire involving individual taxpayer respondents. A total of 102 collected questionnaires were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Procedural fairness in determining tax incentive policies during the Covid 19 pandemic is not enough to increase taxpayer compliance. The results of this study also prove that the commitment be a factor affecting tax compliance, either directly or indirectly. Result of mediation test prove that taxpayer’s commitment mediates the relationship of procedural justice on tax compliance. Similarly, commitment is a mediation in the relationship of trust on tax compliance. Therefore, it is important for the government and tax authorities to maintain the commitment of the taxpayer as part of a strategy to increase tax compliance and develop effective long-term relationships.

Examining the Impact of PP 23/2018 policy through the Tax Compliance Factor of Tanah Abang Traders

This study aims to examine the factors that can affect tax compliance at Tanah Abang Market traders, which are the tax rate, perceived opportunity to evade, legal certainty, and group influence. This study uses a quantitative method with a positivism approach which examines social phenomena and captures the perceptions of MSEs actors on the determinants of tax compliance. The sample in this study were 154 MSEs respondents in Tanah Abang Market that were scope into Central Jakarta Regional Tax Office, both private individuals and corporate taxpayers. The results of the study revealed that the tax rate, perceived opportunity to evade, legal certainty, and group influence have a positive effect on tax compliance at Tanah Abang Market traders, but not significant only in the tax rate variable. This is very useful for the DGT authority and the Fiscal Policy Agency as policymakers that the reduction in tax rates does not affect the compliance behavior of MSEs traders and increase monitoring of compliance with MSEs taxpayers through derivative regulations on the implementation of supervision of MSEs taxpayers.

ASSOCIATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND TAX COMPLIANCE OF INDONESIA STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES

This study aims to explore the association of SOE monitoring and corporate governance variables and the tax compliance of Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). The samples of this study are SOEs in 2009-2018 listed on the official website of the Ministry of SOEs that have all required data. The data is analyzed using ordinary least square to test the hypothesis with STATA statistical analysis software. The results show that SOEs that receive PSO (Public Service Obligation) and listed on the stock exchange are more tax compliant compared to others. However, the study found no evidence that the governance structure of SOEs affects tax compliance. The data shows that most SOEs still do not have governance structure that comply the regulations. The findings imply that external monitoring received by PSO recipients and listed SOEs improve SOEs tax compliance. Moreover, the findings also imply that SOEs’ corporate governance structure is only a formality and does not take its functions seriously.

Religiosity and Tax Compliance: Evidence from U.S. Counties

ABSTRACT The intention of this paper is to analyse religiosity as a factor that potentially affects tax compliance. Studies in the 1990s have shown that the puzzle of tax compliance is ‘why so many individuals pay their taxes’ and not ‘why people evade taxes.’ It has been noted that compliance cannot be entirely explained by the level of enforcement. Countries set the levels of audit and penalty so low that most individuals would evade taxes if they were rational, because it is unlikely that cheaters will be caught and penalized. Nevertheless, a high degree of compliance is observed. Therefore, studies that analyse a variety of factors other than detection and punishment are need. Religiosity can play an important role in determining one’s tax compliance decision. We use religious adherence data from the American Religious Data Archive and measure tax compliance as a discrepancy in reported income between Internal Revenue Service and Census data to analyse independent effects of church adherence rates on tax compliance in the United States at the county level. To our knowledge, this paper is the first study that analyzes the effect of religiosity on actual tax compliance behaviour.

Determinants affecting tax compliance: A case of business households in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

This paper aims to identify key factors influencing the tax compliance of business households in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The researchers surveyed 215 owners of business households in Ho Chi Minh City from June 2020 to July 2020. Analysis of the model includes the 4 phases following: (i) Applying the expert methodology; (ii) Cronbach’s test for reliability of the scale and exploratory factors analysis (EFA); (iii) Pearson correlation coefficient analysis; (iv) Regression analysis and hypothesis test of a model. The results of this study revealed that factors affecting tax compliance of business households in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in descending order of importance: Tax Rate, Tax Knowledge, Tax Penalty, Personal Norm, and Perceived Fairness (of the system). Moreover, the tax rate had a negative relationship with tax compliance and the others had a positive one with tax compliance. Finally, the research also proposes some implications to enhance tax compliance of business households and directions for further research.

THE IMPACT TAX KNOWLEDGE, TAX AWARENESS, TAX MORALE TOWARD TAX COMPLIANCE BOARDING HOUSE TAX

This study aims to determine the effect of 1) tax knowledge, 2) tax awareness, 3) tax morale, 4) tax compliance. The sampling in this research was conducted by using an incidental sampling method. Methods of data collection through questionnaires that have been distributed to 100 respondents who have met the criteria. Multiple linear regression analysis shows that tax knowledge, tax awareness, and tax morale are significant toward tax compliance. The simultaneous have a significant effect on tax compliance. It can be concluded that tax knowledge mitigation, tax awareness, and tax morale towards tax compliance. The results of t-test showed that tax knowledge isn't approved and indicates it has a significant impact on affecting tax compliance, tax awareness is approved, and indicates has less impact on affecting tax compliance, tax morale isn't approved. It indicates has a great impact on affecting tax compliance. The results of F test showed that both of the independent variables are simultaneously affecting tax compliance. R Square's result is 0.710, which shows that 71 % of tax compliance mitigation can be explained by tax knowledge, tax awareness, and tax morale. Simultaneously, 29 % of tax compliance variables can be explained by other factors or variables not examined in this research.