Organizations have seen an increasing need for entrepreneurial thought and behavior to meet the challenges and demands associated with a dynamic work environment. Interestingly, there is a dearth of scholarly literature exploring the antecedents and outcomes associated with such behavior beyond the scope of new ventures. Accordingly, the present effort draws from the entrepreneurship literature to explore how entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) impacts three types of work-related affect including job satisfaction, work engagement, and affective organizational commitment, via adaptive performance among employees in well-established firms. Data were collected from 251 full-time working adults at two time points and were examined using latent variable analysis. Results indicated that ESE is positively related to adaptive performance, and that ESE positively impacts all three forms of work-related affect via adaptive performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, including recommendations for managers wishing to enhance the adaptability and intrapreneurial performance of their subordinates.