Affective Well-being Research Articles

Changes in the network structure of well-being components in adolescents in the school context: A 2-year longitudinal study

Disentangling the connections between subjective and psychological well-being may help practitioners identify effective targets of intervention to promote mental health in school settings. Based on theoretical foundations of well-being, the present study utilized psychometric network analysis to explore prospective associations between the subjective and psychological well-being of adolescents over 2 years. To this end, a cross-sectional network was estimated at Time 1 (n = 560) and Time 2 (n = 281), followed by a longitudinal network incorporating individual changes across time points in each component (n = 235). The networks included different indicators of subjective (e.g., life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect) and psychological well-being measured by means of self-reported questionnaires. The results revealed direct connections between indicators of subjective and psychological well-being over time. Positive affect, especially feeling happy and satisfied, exhibited most of these connections. Only one negative longitudinal association emerged, which involved negative affect (e.g., feeling worried) and psychological well-being. The suitability of the network approach to represent the structure of subjective and psychological well-being can be used to widen research on adolescents' well-being. Considering the longitudinal associations identified, the present study makes an exploratory hypothesis to propose specific connectors between subjective and psychological well-being as potential targets for interventions aimed at promoting adolescents' mental health.

Effects of Social Media Use on Adolescent Psychological Well-Being: A Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between social media use and the overall well-being (WB) of young people. Previous research has presented conflicting findings, indicating both positive and negative effects of online platforms. Issues such as excessive use, reduced face-to-face interactions, social isolation, heightened stress levels, and disrupted sleep patterns have been identified as potential concerns. However, studies have also highlighted that moderate and mindful use of social media can enhance WB by facilitating social connections and support. It is crucial to consider the vulnerabilities of young individuals when examining this complex topic and provide them with age-appropriate guidance. This research project aims to address gaps in the existing literature and inform strategies for promoting positive online experiences and safeguarding the WB of young people by investigating the association between social media use and affective WB. The review process involved systematically searching for relevant research and evaluating its quality and relevance. The analysis encompassed 111 articles and reviews published between 2013 and 2023. The dataset comprised articles with an average age of 2.76 years and an average of 40.45 citations per article, sourced from 78 journals and other publications. Several variables were examined, including authors, publishers, affiliations, countries, and keywords used in the research articles. The discourse surrounding the benefits and drawbacks of social media use was found to be ongoing. Concerns were raised regarding the potential negative consequences of excessive use, including diminished face-to-face interactions, social isolation, increased stress levels, and sleep disturbances. However, it was also observed that moderate and mindful social media use could positively impact WB by promoting social support and connection. Given the complex nature of the relationship between social media use and WB, it is important to acknowledge the vulnerabilities of young people and provide appropriate assistance and guidance tailored to their age group.

The Relationship between Mindfulness and Resilience in Maltese Undergraduates: A study of Affective Well-being as a Potential Mediator

Existing research suggests that mindfulness cultivates positive affect while reducing negative affect, and facilitates increases in resilience. More research is needed to examine the complex mechanisms by which emotional affect likely translates mindfulness into increased states of resilience in undergraduates. We hypothesised that the relationship between mindfulness and resilience in Maltese undergraduates is mediated by both positive and negative affect. Using a cross-sectional survey design and quantitative methodology based on mediation analysis, a questionnaire comprising the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Brief Resilience Scale was circulated among 226 Maltese undergraduates. The results support previous research indicating significant relationships between mindfulness and both forms of emotional affect, as well as increased resilience. A path analysis revealed full mediation of the interaction between mindfulness and resilience by affective well-being. The indirect pathways through positive and negative affect to resilience, cumulatively accounted for a majority of the explanatory power attributable to mindfulness alone. Finally, an argument is presented in favour of mindfulness as a more formalised intervention within higher education settings, to support broader psychological wellness outcomes among Maltese undergraduates. Keywords: Mindfulness, resilience, affective well-being, undergraduate students, path analysis

Procedural justice and well-being at work: Moderating role of self-variables and work locus of control

IntroductionThis study investigates the role of self-variables and locus of control in determining job-related affective well-being. ObjectiveIt especially focuses on the moderating role of Organizational Based Self-Esteem (OBSE), work self-efficacy, and Work Locus of Control (WLOC) in relation to procedural justice and positive/negative emotions in the banking industry. MethodCarried out in Istanbul, Turkey with participants from three banking institutions from private sector (n=190), responded to a questionnaire consisting of five sections (Scales for procedural justice, organization-based self-esteem, work locus of control and organizational commitment, plus demographic descriptive of the participants). ResultsResults of this research indicate the buffering effect of OBSE, work self-efficacy and WLOC on the interlinkages between negative emotions and procedural justice, but the moderating role of these variables is not confirmed for the relationship between procedural justice and positive emotions. ConclusionAmong the key findings of our study, the paper shows that the OBSE and work self-efficacy buffer to negative emotions in the case of low procedural justice, and the external locus of control provokes negative emotions in the case of low procedural justice.

IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CYNICISM ON TURNOVER INTENTION: MEDIATION BY WORK ALIENATION

Negative behaviors in the workplace affect well-being in the work environment. Organizational cynicism is frequently researched as one of the common negative behaviors in organizations. Individuals who experience cynicism may have turnover intentions. In addition, another negative concept closely related to turnover intention is work alienation. It is widely accepted that work alienation has a significant effect on turnover intention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational cynicism on turnover intention and to determine whether work alienation plays a role in this relationship. The research findings show that organizational cynicism has a significant and positive effect on turnover intention. In addition, there is a statistically significant relationship between organizational cynicism and work alienation. Finally, a partial mediating effect of job alienation was also found. The study of negative organizational behavior will help to better understand the challenges of modern organizations and contribute to the literature.

Socioeconomic Status and Students' Mental Health during the COVID-19 University Closure: Mediating Roles of Perceived Social Support and Self-Efficacy.

Despite the need for urgent actions in response to the exacerbated inequalities in mental health resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, there remains a significant gap in research into the relationships and underlying mechanisms between socioeconomic status (SES) and various mental health outcomes among students during the COVID-19 university closure. With a sample of 839 students from a university in Lanzhou, the capital city of China's Gansu Province, which was closed during the 2022 autumn semester due to the COVID-19 outbreak, this study examined the relationships between SES and both the negative and positive mental health outcomes, with a particular inquiry into the mediating roles of perceived social support and self-efficacy. The results show that SES had significant and negative total associations with psychological distress (β = -0.119, p < 0.001) and loneliness (β = -0.132, p < 0.001), while having significant and positive total associations with life satisfaction (β = 0.90, p < 0.01) and affective well-being (β = 0.108, p < 0.01). Moreover, perceived social support and self-efficacy independently and sequentially mediated the associations between SES and various mental health outcomes. Research implications for the design and improvement of university measures to reduce the socioeconomic inequalities in students' mental health are also discussed.

Chinese calligraphic handwriting practice promotes positive affect in adolescents: Converging evidence from correlational and experimental designs

Chinese calligraphic handwriting (CCH) practice has proven to be beneficial to several aspects of psychological health and has been considered a complementary therapy for mental disorders. However, less is known about whether CCH practice benefits an individual's positive affect, a core component of affective well-being. Therefore, we examined this question in Chinese adolescents by combining correlational and experimental methods. In Study 1 (N = 1460), we found that high school students who practiced CCH had higher positive affect in their daily lives than those who did not practice CCH. In Study 2, a training experiment was conducted with college students, who were randomly assigned to receive either CCH training or no treatment. A six-day short-term CCH training led to a significant benefit in positive affect in the training group (N = 23) relative to the control group (N = 27). Together, our study provides converging evidence that CCH practice can promote positive affect in adolescents, further supporting the promotion of CCH in mental health practice.

Daily stigma and daily emotional well-being among people living with HIV: Testing a buffering hypothesis of social support during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study examined the relationship between daily perceived stigma and daily emotional well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, a buffering effect of perceived emotional support on this relationship was verified. The participants were 133 patients with a medically confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection. Data were collected using online diaries completed every evening for five consecutive weekdays in three bursts separated by 6months. Dynamic multilevel analyses showed a significant positive autoregressive effect for daily stigma in each burst. Additionally, increased stigma predicts increased negative affect and decreased positive affect the next day. However, these effects differed across bursts. Thus, to some extent, daily HIV/AIDS stigma was found to predict a decrease in affective well-being the next day. The buffering effect of perceived emotional support reduced this decline but was also time-limited, probably because of the later established direction in these relationships at the individual level and/or because of changes in the course of the pandemic. The results provide insights on the role of daily stigma in shaping affective well-being, suggesting that it may be a significant source of short-term negative emotional consequences for PWLH.

H - 42 Multivariate Base Rates for the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery in the Spanish-Speaking Normative Sample.

This study involved the calculation of multivariate base rates for the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery (NIHTB-EB) for the Spanish-speaking normative sample, stratifying by sociocultural variables. Participants were 224 Spanish-speaking adults from the NIHTB norming study (M = 42.2years-old, SD = 16.3; 40.2% Male; 100% Hispanic/Latinx). Frequencies of obtaining one or more "potentially problematic" emotion scores (i.e., either T60, depending on scale orientation) were calculated with stratifications by gender, education, country of birth and education, bilingualism, and household income. The NIHTB-EB includes 17 scales measuring negative affect, social satisfaction, and psychological well-being. When interpreting all 17 scales, 59.8% of participants had one or more potentially problematic score(s). Only education was related to problematic score frequencies (p < 0.014, phi = 0.19). Adults with less than high school education (68.4%) had the highest frequency scores compared to adults with a high school diploma (42.3%) or greater education (54.5%). Although non-significant, bilingual adults (66.7%) tended to have more potentially problematic scores than monolingual adults (56.8%; p = 0.16, phi = 0.09) and higher income (49.0%) was related to more potentially problematic scores than lower income (63.8%; p = 0.07, phi = 0.14). Most Spanish-speaking adults obtained one or more potentially problematic NIHTB-EB scores, with more emotional difficulties associated with less education and modestly associated with lower socioeconomic status and bilingualism. Future research may explore how these variables interact with emotional health among Spanish-speaking Hispanic/Latinx adults.

Be positive? The interplay of Instagram influencers’ body type and favorable user comments on young women’s perceptions, affective well-being, and exercise intentions.

Be positive? The interplay of Instagram influencers’ body type and favorable user comments on young women’s perceptions, affective well-being, and exercise intentions.

Examining the protective role of self-compassion in the links between daily sexual orientation salient experiences and affect.

Research has shown that minority stress is linked to poorer mental health across a variety of stigmatized populations, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) people. It is therefore essential to understand factors that can counteract minority stress. To date, most research on LGBQ people's resilience relied on retrospective reports of stressful identity-salient experiences. This limits the understanding about resilience factors that enable LGBQ people to thrive in the face of minority stressors as they occur on a day-to-day basis. The present study addressed this gap by using a daily diary design to test whether self-compassion protects LGBQ people's affective well-being from daily stressful sexual orientation-salient experiences (SOSEs). A sample of 235 LGBQ adults completed a baseline survey that assessed self-compassion, as well as brief online surveys twice daily for a maximum of 17 days that assessed SOSEs and affect, providing a total of 3,310 days of data. As anticipated, results of multilevel modeling showed that negative and positive SOSEs were linked to negative and positive evening affect, respectively, at both the daily and person levels. Self-compassion moderated the link between daily negative SOSEs and positive evening affect, such that daily negative SOSEs were linked to lower positive affect only among those with lower self-compassion. Moderation effect was not observed for negative evening affect as an outcome. Exploratory analysis suggested that the buffering effect of self-compassion could be impacted by contextual factors. Our study showed the importance of self-compassion and access to positive SOSEs for LGBQ people's well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Baby bliss: Longitudinal evidence for set-point theory around childbirth for cognitive and affective well-being.

Becoming a parent relates not only to joy but also to new challenges. Consistent with set-point theory, previous research found that life satisfaction increased around childbirth but decreased back to baseline in the following years. However, it remains unresolved whether individual facets of affective well-being show lasting or temporary changes around childbirth. In 5,532 first-time parents from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), we tested how life satisfaction, happiness, sadness, anxiety, and anger changed in the five years before and five years after becoming a parent. Parents experienced a large increase in life satisfaction and happiness in the years surrounding the birth of their first child. This increase was most pronounced in the first year of parenthood. Sadness and anger decreased in the years before childbirth, reached their lowest point in the first year of parenthood, and increased in the following years. Anxiety slightly increased in the five years before childbirth but was lower thereafter. Most well-being changes bounced back in the long run, resulting in comparable well-being levels five years after versus five years before becoming a parent. These findings suggest that set-point theory also applies to different facets of affective well-being across the transition to parenthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The direction of effects between parenting and adolescent affective well-being in everyday life is family specific

Numerous theories and empirical studies have suggested that parents and their adolescent children reciprocally influence each other. As most studies have focused on group-level patterns, however, it remained unclear whether this was true for every family. To investigate potential heterogeneity in directionality, we applied a novel idiographic approach to examine the effects between parenting and adolescent well-being in each family separately. For 100 days, 159 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 13.31, 62% female) reported on affective well-being and four parenting dimensions. The family-specific effects of pre-registered (https://osf.io/7n2jx/) dynamic structural equation models indeed revealed that a reciprocal day-to-day association between parenting and adolescent affective well-being was present only in some families, with the proportion of families displaying a reciprocal association varying across the four parenting dimensions (11–55%). In other families, either parenting predicted the adolescent’s affective well-being (8–43%) or vice versa (10–27%), or no day-to-day associations were found (16–60%). Adolescents with higher trait levels of environmental sensitivity and neuroticism were more strongly affected by parenting. Thus, findings suggest that the ways in which parents and adolescents influence each other in everyday life are unique, stressing the need to move towards an idiographic parenting science.

The relationship between preference for online social interaction and affective well-being via compulsive dating app use: The moderating role of algorithmic beliefs

This study examined whether preference for online social interaction (POSI) was related to poorer affective well-being via compulsive dating app use and whether algorithmic beliefs attenuated the negative association between compulsive use and affective well-being. An online survey among Chinese dating app users (N = 361) was conducted. The sample included participants aged 18–60, with the majority (89.47%) falling within the 18–35 age range (M = 29.19, SD = 6.02). Women comprised a slightly larger proportion (56.2%) of the sample than men (43.8%). Results of the survey revealed that POSI was positively associated with compulsive use, which was positively related to post-dating app joviality. Furthermore, the relationship between algorithmic beliefs and post-dating app sadness was only significant among individuals with a low level of algorithm beliefs. The findings extended prior research on social network sites to dating apps and demonstrated the potential positive relationship between technology use and transient emotional states. Furthermore, our results suggest that algorithmic beliefs, which essentially reflect human-technology relations, may affect interpersonal communication outcomes on dating apps.

Impact of Pesticide Exposure on Affective Well-being: A Study on Agricultural Workers in Chile's Maule Region

Impact of Pesticide Exposure on Affective Well-being: A Study on Agricultural Workers in Chile's Maule Region

Relationship between Dark Tetrad and affective well-being: Dark comic style as a mediator

Relationship between Dark Tetrad and affective well-being: Dark comic style as a mediator

Are Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Related to Peace of Mind? The Mediating Role of Nonattachment.

Peace of mind is an important affective well-being valued in Chinese culture. Mindfulness and self-compassion could potentially promote peace of mind. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects were not well understood. The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether nonattachment explained the effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on peace of mind. A sample of 364 Chinese adults was recruited from WeChat, a popular Chinese social media platform. Participants filled out an online survey including measures of dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, nonattachment, and peace of mind. The results of correlation analyses revealed significant and positive associations among mindfulness, self-compassion, nonattachment, and peace of mind. Furthermore, nonattachment significantly mediated the associations between mindfulness and self-compassion with peace of mind. Moderated mediation analyses indicated that the relationships between mindfulness and self-compassion with nonattachment were stronger for women than for men. Gender did not moderate the direct effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on peace of mind, the relationship between nonattachment and peace of mind, and the mediating effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on peace of mind through nonattachment. These findings suggest that nonattachment may be a potential mechanism through which mindfulness and self-compassion promote peace of mind among Chinese adults. If the mediating effects are confirmed in future longitudinal and experimental studies, mindfulness and self-compassion interventions can emphasize nonattachment to optimize their effects on peace of mind. It may also be important to tailor mindfulness and self-compassion training for men and women given the gender differences in the relationships between mindfulness and self-compassion with nonattachment.

Working from home and subjective wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of pre-COVID-19 commuting distance and mode choices

Working from home (WFH) was prevalent among previous daily commuters during the COVID-19 pandemic and is expected to continue in post-COVID-19 society. By using WFH enforced by the UK government during the pandemic as a real-world experiment, our study investigates the relationship between switching from commuting to WFH, and subjective wellbeing (SWB). Particular interest lies in determining the extent to which this relationship depends on homeworkers' commuting behaviours prior to the COVID-19 outbreak. The data we used is from a COVID-19 panel survey on UK workers who were born in 1970. Results from the between-individual analysis and fixed-effect analysis show that the transition to WFH was not indicative of life satisfaction but it was conducive to affective wellbeing in the short term. This positive effect on affective wellbeing became insignificant after specific experiences of WFH were taken into account; that is, positive homeworking experiences were a result of strong social support, healthy daily lifestyles and stable financial circumstances during the pandemic. Crucially, the impact of switching to WFH on SWB was moderated by the pre-pandemic commuting behaviour. Previous long-distance commuters (one-way commuting distance >30 miles) reported better affective wellbeing when they could work from home, while commuters who had frequently walked or cycled to work had worse SWB outcomes after switching to WFH.

Supplemental Material for Week-to-Week Fluctuations in Autonomous Study Motivation: Links to Need Fulfillment and Affective Well-Being

Supplemental Material for Week-to-Week Fluctuations in Autonomous Study Motivation: Links to Need Fulfillment and Affective Well-Being

Career optimism and job-related well-being of Australian nurses during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.

Australia has been confronted with a severe nursing deficit, making it difficult to maintain a strong healthcare workforce capable of meeting the mounting demands of healthcare organizations. This study aimed to understand how personal and organizational resources influence career optimism and job-related affective well-being of Australian nurses during a pandemic using the Conservation of Resource Theory. A cross-sectional online survey was emailed to 123 Australian nurses from January to February 2021. The survey consisted of self-reported measures, including mindfulness, career optimism, job-related affective well-being, personal and job resources measures, and the Dirty Dozen scale. Correlations, independent sample t-test, and a series of hierarchical regressions were conducted on the cross-sectional data with SPSS Version 27. The STROBE checklist was used to report the results. Findings suggested that mindfulness, perceived supervisor support, and job autonomy were significant predictors of job-related well-being, whereas mindfulness, perceived supervisor support, and opportunities for professional growth contributed more to career optimism of nurses during a health crisis. Male nurses in this study reported significantly higher mindfulness, career optimism, and job-related well-being levels than female nurses. Developing mindfulness among nurses, allocating organizational resources to facilitate more supervisor support, and providing job autonomy may enhance career optimism and job-related well-being of nursing staff who work in disruptive and high-demand work environments such as those experienced during the COVID-19 health crisis. Supervisors should also facilitate and encourage nurses to reflect and be mindful of their behaviors with their peers and patients which can help to reduce exploitative or arrogant behaviors in the workplace.