Affairs Of Life Research Articles

Las virtudes de Satanás: perspectivas de educación moral del personaje de ficción

Recent attention to character formation as the key to moral education has also regarded personal and fictional role models as appropriate means to this end. Moreover, while one may have grave reservations about the influence of personal role-models (perhaps upon the young by those they happen to admire), serious fiction has often been considered an inspirational source of moral example. Still, while this paper ultimately mounts a defence of the moral educational potential of literature, it is also concerned to press two significant reservations about any and all attention to fictional character as a means to such education. First, since the ultimate meaning of any fictional character and conduct is largely, if not exclusively, confined to their narrative contexts, we should not suppose them to have any direct role-modelling application to the affairs of human life beyond such contexts. Second, and more significantly, since morality is also ultimately more than and/or not entirely reducible to the contingencies of human character, attention to either fictional or real-life character must anyway fall somewhat short of full moral education.

Neutrosophic Treatment of the Modified Simplex Algorithm to find the Optimal Solution for Linear Models

Science is the basis for managing the affairs of life and human activities, and living without knowledge is a form of wandering and a kind of loss. Using scientific methods helps us understand the foundations of choice, decision-making, and adopting the right solutions when solutions abound and options are numerous. Operational research is considered the best that scientific development has provided because its methods depend on the application of scientific methods in solving complex issues and the optimal use of available resources in various fields, private and governmental work in peace and war, in politics and economics, in planning and implementation, and in various aspects of life. Its basic essence is to use the data provided for the issue under study to build a mathematical model that is the optimal solution. It is the basis on which decision makers rely in managing institutions and companies, and when operations research methods meet with the neutrosophic teacher, we get ideal solutions that take into account all the circumstances and fluctuations that may occur in the work environment over time. One of the most important operations research methods is the linear programming method. Which prompted us to reformulate the linear models, the graphical method, and the simplex method, which are used to obtain the optimal solution for linear models using the concepts of neutrosophic science. In this research, and as a continuation of what we presented previously, we will reformulate the modified simplex algorithm that was presented to address the difficulty that we were facing when applying the direct simplex algorithm. It is the large number of calculations required to be performed in each step of the solution, which requires a lot of time and effort.

Strengthening the Shafi‘i Madhhab: Malay Kitab Jawi of Fiqh in the 19th Century

The supremacy of fiqh in Indonesian, and Southeast Asian, Islam has been widely acclaimed; the subject concerning the affairs of daily life, the core substance of fiqh, has its fertile grounds in Muslims religious ideas and practices. This article presents a historical analysis how the fiqh became popular in the region, which can be traced back to the 19th century. Taking Malay kitab jawi as the main subject of discussion, the shifting of religious concerns among the ‘ulamā’ (Muslim scholars) was of crucial significance. They increasingly engaged in dealing with the Muslims’ need of guidance in primarily prescriptions for worship (‘ubūdiyah). This study traces the historical aspect in the spread of the Shafii school, along with the development of the Malay textual tradition. As a result, kitab jawi on fiqh by Southeast Asian ‘ulamā’ grew considerably, in both number and religious authority, in line with the rise of learning institutions (pondok), leading the subject to appear as religiously essential to be produced, and reproduced, to become an established school for Muslims of the region.

Maqasid Al-Shari’ah is a Divine Shield of Islamic Policy

Shari’ah is the divine law for human beings to regulate their lives according to the will of God. In academia, it became a central focus for a large number of Muslim and non-Muslim scholars. Some considered it revealed law while others considered it a Juristic extraction of law known worldwide as jurisprudence. But it is obvious it is divine in nature as elaborated by Muslim scholarship as per need and requirement for human welfare. In the contemporary era under the influence of secular teachings, the Euro-centric scholarship cogitates it as a private affair but relevant to some issues of Muslim life called personal law affairs and rituals but, Muslim scholarship considered standardized law related to all affairs of life from polity to justice so as to achieve nearness of God (taqwa). It is noteworthy that, though Ghazali codified Maqasid al-Shari’ah within five objectives, other scholars included other necessary aspects that govern all affairs of human life, so that no one will be ill-treated. They uphold that it is a human welfare methodology that necessarily, safeguards human interests at local and international levels and makes it incumbent to regulate Muslim life through inclusive and exclusive methods on a priority basis.

A Critical Appraisal of Disability Laws in Islamic Republic of Pakistan

In Pakistan, the proportion of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) has significantly risen. This weaker section of society was habitually neglected, exposed to discrimination, put to legal violations, and banned from practically all advanced vocations while disregarding their other abilities for participation in the routine affairs of life. There was no dynamic legislative framework in place and no forward-thinking research to defend the rights of these PWDs in Pakistan. The problems that PWDs are now experiencing appear to be caused by excessive social, physical, and attitudinal action or inaction on the part of society. Therefore, it is essential that Pakistan's present laws be evaluated from the perspective of international human rights treaties and that administrative measures be put into place at the national level to eliminate the exploitation faced by PWDs. After ratifying the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), Pakistan has built a legislative framework for PWDs, but its efficacy remains unexplored. The article will thoroughly discuss the framework and its efficacy. In discussing PWDs' rights under the UNCRPD, the article emphasizes the active fundamental liberties that PWDs enjoy. The study will also discuss PWDs' challenges in Pakistan and the subtle bias that impedes their advancement. Ultimately, it will offer suggestions for improving legislation and implementation mechanisms to advance the welfare of PWDs in Pakistan.

ADMISSIBILITY OF NON-MUSLIMS EVIDENCE IN CASES INVOLVING MUSLIM PARTIES IN NIGERIA COURT: A CURSORY EXAMINATION OF QUR’AN CHAPTER 5 VERSE 106

The interpretation of Qur’an chapter 5 Verse 106 created a lot of divergent opinions among the early Muslim jurists, especially as regards the admissibility of the evidence of non-Muslims (people of scriptures) in cases involving Muslim parties. While some jurists reject their evidence on the basis that the verse in contemplation has been abrogated, others accepted it in line with the letters and spirit of the Qur’an provision solely, that is, in cases of bequest, on a journey and where Muslims are not available. There is also another candid but liberal opinion that allows such evidence in all circumstances where necessity dictates for same. Does this classical discourse represent the same position of our present society, or is it possible to adopt any of the classical arguments to our current situation, especially in Nigerian society where Muslims and people of other faith (especially Christians) intermingled in several affairs of life? What then will be the situation of the evidence of people who do not qualify as ‘people of scriptures’? This piece, through doctrinal analysis, founds that the classical jurists have exhausted all possible argument and their positions (depending on the school) could be adopted depending on the circumstance of each society and the necessity of each transaction. It is concluded that Muslims should be wary and conscious of the company to keep so as not to forestall compliance with the dictate of Shari‘ah.

SMITH AT 300: THE LURE OF POETRY AND PROFIT

“Prose is the Stile in which all the common affairs of Life, all Business and Agreements are made. No one ever made a Bargain in verse.”LRBL ii.115–116

Review: Line of Sight: Work with Lord Pentland, by Barbara Probst

Review: <i>Line of Sight: Work with Lord Pentland</i>, by Barbara Probst

Matematika Dalam Analisis Korupsi di Kota Medan Tahun 2023 serta Penanggulangannya

Mathematics always has an important meaning in life, everything in this world is inseparable from the name mathematics, therefore mathematics is also known as the Teacher of Life. With mathematics, all matters of life can be arranged systematically. What's more, besides managing the affairs of life, mathematics is also a reference in managing the future. The knowledge commonly used in mathematics is forecasting (Forecasting). Forecasting in mathematics is used to analyze conditions that may occur in the future, both in the near and long term. One of the applications of the mathematical method with the forecasting method that can be made is an analysis of the level of corruption in Medan City in 2023. This analysis is made as a reference for related parties so that they can socialize about the laws that apply to criminal acts of corruption in order to realize release to the public. The method used in the analysis of corruption figures in Medan City for 2023-2024 is a quantitative method using a mathematical model, namely Double Exponential Smoothing. The results of the analysis obtained are that the corruption rate in Medan City in 2023-2024 has decreased. However, this figure may not be achieved if corruption is not prevented in a certain way.&#x0D; Keywords: Forecasting, Mathematical Methods, Corruption, Community Service

Investigating the psychological status of children of divorce in adulthood using a qualitative method

Background and Aim: Divorce is one of the most important phenomena of human life, which disturbs not only couples' mental balance, but also children's mental balance. Based on this, it becomes important to study the psychological status of children of divorce in adulthood, with the understanding of this importance, the present study was conducted to investigate the psychological status of children of divorce in adulthood. Methods: This research is a type of qualitative study that uses foundational data theory. The participants included the children of divorce in Tehran, who had been divorced for 10 years, and 18 people were selected as key informants through the purposeful sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were obtained from the two methods of review by participants and recoding by experts. Data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Results: The research findings showed that the psychological status of children of divorce has positive and negative indicators in both childhood and adulthood dimensions. Conclusion: The positive aspect of childhood is companionship and empathy with the guardian parent, support and warmth of the guardian parent, liberation and satisfaction of the guardian parent. Among other positive indicators, we can mention the feeling of satisfaction with life without conflict and conflict, support from others (family and friends). Negative indicators such as loss of family, fear of telling the truth because of people's judgments, children experience a kind of fear and apprehension after the divorce and following the events that happened during the separation process and after; Not having or lack of intimate relationships, being rejected, losing a supporter, having difficulty in arranging the daily affairs of life, creating contexts according to personal values and needs.

ISLAMIC ETHICS OF BUSINESS: A MAQĀṢIDIC ANALYSIS

Islamic Sharīʽah includes all affairs of human life. An important part of Sharīʽah is related to human transactions. Conducting business is considered an important transaction, which has existed since the beginning of human life and until today. Presently, committing unethical activities in conducting businesses has increased both among Muslims and non-Muslims all over the world. These unethical activities cause a Muslim to lose blessings of Allah Subḥānahū wa Taʽālā (SWT) in his income and make his earnings haram, which leads to unacceptance of his worship by Allah (SWT). It also causes harm to other people. This ultimately will be an important reason for him to be not successful on the Day of Judgment. To make a Muslim successful in this world and the life hereafter, Islam provides rules and guidelines to be followed. Among them are the rules and guidelines for conducting businesses sincerely and righteously. These rules and guidelines are called Islamic ethics of business. These ethics can be divided into two types: first, some attributes which must be possessed by a businessman; second, several forbidden things which must be avoided by him. This paper aims to analytically discuss the second type of these ethics and strives to investigate how committing these forbidden things causes to violate different types of maqāṣid (objectives) of Sharīʽah. An important finding of this research paper is that Islamic ethics of business have been prescribed by Allah (SWT) in a way that they maintain significant balance between dīn and dunyā and cause a Muslim to be successful both in this world and next world.

The Role of Fiqh Ikhtilaf in the Implementation of Congregational Prayers During COVID-19

Fiqh Ikhtilaf is the diversity of views on fiqh as a result of the differences in the methodology of mujtahids in issuing laws that are understood from the Islamic nas. These differences are influenced by the background of thinking, the level of mastery of knowledge and the current needs. In this phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, society is faced with new issues that require a re-evaluation of Islamic law. The main objective of this concept paper is to explain the role of Fiqh Ikhtilaf in the implementation of SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) of Congregational Prayer in the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature review methodology was used to answer the research questions by analysing the debate on Fiqh Ikhtilaf and SOP of Congregational Prayers. The findings of the study showed that Fiqh Ikhtilaf facilitates the affairs of human life, becomes the basic reference for the Ulama in ijithad, opens the minds of the community towards the expanse of fiqh and helps realize Hifz Al-Din and Hifz Al-Nafs in Maqasid Shariah.&#x0D; Keywords: Fiqh Ikhtilaf, Maqasid Sharia, COVID-19

2. Policy In Resolving Issues ﷺ Holy Prophet’s

Allah’s Prophet ﷺ Provided guidance to people for running the affairs of life in the light of Allah’s revelations by using his intellect and wisdom. Holy Prophet ﷺ took very little time for enforcing the injunctions of Allah. He did not leave any aspect of human life unaddressed. Allah revealed not only the Holy Book on himﷺ but he was also bestowed with glorious wisdom. Every Prophet got knowledge from three sources: Wahi, prophethood and intellect. Prophethood has been regard as an ability to differentiate right from wrong, a source of intellect and sometimes education. The knowledge of prophethood is lower in status than revelation and higher than common human intellect. Shah Wali Allah and others have called it prophetic power of theological inference. Research has concluded that there have been several occasions when Holy Prophet ﷺresolved issues in light of Allah’s revelations and his own wisdom and intellect, issue of Hajar e Aswad, charter of Madinah, foiling the conspiracies of disbelievers, treaty of Hudaibiya and conquest of Makkah are few bright examples which manifestly express the wisdom and vision of Holy Prophet ﷺ.At the end of research paper recommendation have been made to the life of Holy Prophet ﷺis the best model for success and prosperity, especially the rulers and leaders.

More Than a Cup of Coffee and Tea: A Generation of Lutheran-Muslim Relationships ed. by David D. Grafton

Reviewed by: More Than a Cup of Coffee and Tea: A Generation of Lutheran-Muslim Relationships ed. by David D. Grafton Robert F. Shedinger More Than a Cup of Coffee and Tea: A Generation of Lutheran-Muslim Relationships. Edited by David D. Grafton. Eugene, Oregon: Pickwick Publications, 2021. 212 pp. This book provides an overview of Lutheran-Muslim relationships spanning the last thirty years. Following forewords by Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) Bishop Elizabeth Eaton and Sayyid Syeed, head of the Islamic Society of North America, the book begins with four essays focused on official documents produced by Lutheran bodies on the topic of Lutheran-Muslim relationships as well as the influence of Islamophobia on those relationships. This section includes an essay on the 1986 document God and Jesus: Theological Reflections for Christian-Muslim Dialogue and one on the development of the Lutheran-Muslim consultative panel. These chapters lay the foundation for how the ELCA has thought theologically about its engagement with Islam and Muslims. The next three chapters take us inside specific examples of Lutheran-Muslim engagement in the United States. We learn how Lutherans are engaging with the Somali community in the Cedar-Riverside neighborhood of Minneapolis. We learn also about Lutheran-Muslim community connections in Southern California fostered by the Claremont School of Theology and the development of the Center of Christian-Muslim Engagement for Peace and Justice at the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago. The final four chapters expand the focus beyond the United States to Lutheran-Muslim encounters in Palestine, Indonesia, Senegal, and India. No doubt, Lutherans have been at the forefront of good faith efforts to build bridges of mutual understanding and cooperation with Muslims around the world. This book does an excellent job of documenting this. But despite all the good work —like the work of the Lutheran World Federation's Augusta Victoria Hospital serving Palestinians from the West Bank and Gaza—I think Lutherans, like other Christians, continue to view Christian-Muslim dialogue from [End Page 232] within a specifically Christian worldview. Are Lutherans authentically hearing Muslim voices? We see a hint of this in the Rev. Jane Buckley-Farlee's essay on engagement with the Somali community in Minneapolis. She relates how Trinity Lutheran Church launched a Safe Place Homework Help program in 2001. An average of fifteen Muslim students come to the church each day after school for help with homework provided by tutors from Augsburg University and the University of Minnesota. One day, Rev. Buckley-Farlee relates how a student asked to use her office to engage in one of the five daily prayers. Rev. Buckley-Farlee, who was working on prayers for her Sunday service, invited the student in to pray. "I could see her standing, bowing, and kneeling, praying, out of the corner of my eye as I tried to type my own prayers for Sunday. It suddenly dawned on me that we were doing the same thing" (83). Well, not exactly. Christian prayer is much more akin to the Muslim practice of dua (intercessory prayer). The obligatory five daily prayers (or salat) involving ritual physical prostration are one of the five pillars of Islam and as such are part of a larger Islamic system designed to inculcate submission to God in all affairs of life in a way that transcends the carefully maintained boundaries between the sacred and secular so fundamental to the Western Christian worldview. This same mistake occurs when Christians liken the Islamic pillar of zakat to charity, missing the fact that zakat is really an obligatory wealth tax and the heart of what many Muslims believe is a uniquely Islamic economic system. I hope that as Lutheran-Muslim relationships move forward, there will be a greater interest among Lutherans and all Christians to understand Islam from a Muslim perspective. They might find real common ground, not necessarily theologically, but in a shared vision of the devastating and dehumanizing effects of modern global capitalism. Christians and Muslims can do much together to save the planet from human-caused catastrophe. [End Page 233] Robert F. Shedinger Luther College Decorah, Iowa Copyright © 2022 Johns Hopkins University Press and Lutheran Quarterly, Inc.

Heidegger and Dewey

This article aims to investigate the possibility of a dialogue between Dewey and Heidegger, in particular on the role art plays in establishing horizons of meaning. After a brief introduction where the possibility and appropriateness of such a dialogue is justified, the first chapter investigates Heidegger and Dewey’s interpretation of the difference between the aesthetic experience of the ancient world and the modern world: while in the modern world art is locked up in museums and excluded from the affairs of life, in the ancient world it was at the center of the experience of meaning. In the following section, the ability to create horizons of meaning is identified as the possibility for art to become central again in the modern world. To argue this, the two key terms of horizon and meaning are investigated, showing the many points of convergence between Dewey and Heidegger’s theories. In conclusion, the argument is drawn to a close, showing both the important similarities and some fundamental differences between the two aesthetic theories of Heidegger and Dewey.

Elevated Performance of the Smart City—A Case Study of the IoT by Innovation Mode

The concept of the smart city has been created in response to the increasing numbers of people living in cities. Just as the development of technology has evolved rapidly, smart life has also emerged. The goal of the smart city is one day to enable all affairs of daily life to be completed with the single touch of a finger through cutting-edge technology. New and innovative information must be applied effectively to the industry. With the industrial revolution, propelled by the Internet of Things (IoT), big data and the cloud platform have birthed the “smart city,” integrating the IoT and the cloud through mobile devices and applying technology to fields like logistics, finance, healthcare, recreation, surveillance, and traffic transportation, thus providing people with greater well-being and convenience. Following the era of the big data knowledge economy, the IoT has become an important pillar of national economic development. The IoT is expected to provide substantial support for continued and sustainable development of the smart city. Therefore, effective use of the IoT has become an important topic in smart city development. The purpose of this paper is to build a conceptual framework of service innovation, relying on the smart city case of Taiwan. Based on a literature review, in-depth interviews, and case interviews, the proposed conceptual framework of IoT is rooted in the market, policy, and technical aspects. It incorporates eight steps: composition of the project team, service idea generation, service idea screening, development concept selection, design and development, service testing, commercialization, and service quality, to generate new service value and thereby create customer satisfaction. In fact, the IoT is designed to support the smart city vision; thus, this paper describes the various innovation modes of the smart city. Furthermore, the paper presents and discusses the technical solutions and best-practice guidelines adopted in the Taiwan Smart City project. Finally, it discusses the meaning and future research direction of the smart city through the use of the IoT. With wave after wave of digital development civilizing the city's evolution and with the phenomenon of Internet access through mobile phones for each person, the smart city of human factors is clearly coming.

Theoretical typology of deceptive content (Conspiracy Theories)

Theoretical typology of deceptive content (Conspiracy Theories)

Harmfulness and Injunctions of Shariah regarding It: An Overview

Deen (the Path) is a guidance. Opinion is established about different Deens after extensive study of them. In such circumstances where Deen e Islam is distinguished in other aspects, its name itself is a distinction. Because the listener is invited to peace. Which Deen? The Deen of Peace altogether. Which Deen? The Deen of peace and protection etc. Its name becomes an obsession and absorption for the wise. In such situations, where beneficial and harmful are discussed under Islamic Shariah, it explain them in its own lovely manner. The reading and understanding of which provides moderation in different affairs of life. Some questions are raised. What is meant by harm? What is the reason for prohibiting harm? What is the standard of harm? Whether the use of anything which can harm humans is allowed or not? In this article, an attempt has been made to answer these questions.

U-15 Economics discussions in sahihain and today's Muslim Society

All praises are for Allah who blessed the Muslims by revealing the Holy Quran and himself took the responsibility of its safety through safe-guarding the Sunnah and the sayings of the Holly Prophet (peace be upon him). The Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) can be separated from each other. These are the two streams emerging from source, according to the saying of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him), “I am leaving two things among you, if you strictly follow them, you will never be distracted. These are the book of God and the Sunnah of his Prophet (peace be upon him)”. Along with being the fundamental source of the Hadith, the ‘Sahihain’ are regarded as the “Ash-ul-kutab”. In ‘sahihain’ the Al-Hadith encompasses all the spheres of life including sociology, politics, affairs of daily life and morality. On the other side, there is an extensive description of the principles of economics. The Holy Quran has regarded wealth and earnings as the foundation of the survival of human life. In the present age, it is the need to run the four elements of economics that are earning of wealth, distribution of wealth, exchange of wealth, and division of wealth for highlighting the Islamic economy. Unless society is not established on solid economic grounds, prosperity and affluence cannot be the fate of an individual. Keeping in vein and a survey of principles of economics in Sahihain will be presented."

Islamic Leadership Style Memoderasi Kepuasan Kerja dan Komitmen dalam Organisasi Terhadap Etika Kerja

Islam is a religion that regulates all the daily affairs of human life, including in organizations concerning leadership style, commitment, and work ethics and satisfaction in the organization. The objectives of this study are: 1) To analyze job satisfaction on the Islamic Leadership Style. 2) Analyzing the influence of commitment in the organization to the Islamic Leadership Style. 3) Analyze the effect of job satisfaction on work ethics. 4) Analyzing the influence of commitment in the organization on work ethics. 5) Analyze the effect of work ethics on Islamic Leadership Style. 6) Analyzing the effect of job satisfaction indirectly on work ethics through the Islamic Leadership Style. 7) Analyzing the effect of commitment in the organization indirectly on work ethics through the Islamic Leadership Style. The population in this study were all employees at M2M Indonesian Fast Food Mojokerto totaling 33 people. The sampling method in this writing uses census technique. Data analysis used SPSS version 20 for validity test with factor analysis, reliability test with Cronbach. Classic assumption test and multiple linear regression analysis, to verify and prove the research hypothesis. From the research results it can be concluded as follows: 1) Job satisfaction has no effect on Islamic Leadership Style 2) Commitment in the organization has a significant effect on Islamic Leadership Style 3) Job satisfaction does not affect work ethics 4) Commitment in the organization has no effect on work ethics 5) Islamic Leadership Style has a significant effect on work ethics 6) Job satisfaction has an indirect effect on work ethics mediated by Islamic Leadership Style 7) Commitment in the organization has an indirect effect on work ethics mediated by Islamic Leadership Style.