Aesthetic Balance Research Articles

Correlation between Nasolabial Angle and Maxillary Incisors Inclination in 18-25-Year-Old Chhattisgarh Population Using Pre- and Post-Treatment Lateral Cephalograms: A Retrospective Study.

One of the primary objectives of orthodontic treatment has been the enhancement of facial aesthetics. To obtain the perfect facial profile with aesthetic balance, knowledge of facial anatomy is essential. The diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic patients depend greatly on the examination of the soft tissue profile. Since the nasolabial angle is significantly affected by the inclination of the upper incisors, it is a frequently employed soft tissue parameter in orthodontic diagnosis. The study aimed to find out the correlation between the nasolabial angles with maxillary incisor inclination. In this retrospective study, 120 lateral cephalograms of orthodontic patients including males and females were traced. Their nasolabial angle and maxillary incisor inclination were calculated before and after orthodontic treatment. The mean of pre- and post-treatment nasolabial angle was found to be 91.43° ± 14.008 and 97.93° ± 14.194, respectively. The mean of pre- and post-treatment incisor inclination was found to be 32.59° ± 7.290 and 23.98° ± 6.851, respectively. The gender-wise Pearson's correlation (r) of nasolabial angle with incisor inclination for male and female was found to be -0.464 with a P value of 0.164 and -0.305 with a P value of 0.118, respectively. Overall Pearson's correlation of nasolabial angle with incisor inclination was found to be -0.040 with a P value of 0.384. There is an insignificant negative correlation between nasolabial angle and incisor inclination in the Chhattisgarh population as well as among the two genders.

A critical review on phytoremediation of environmental contaminants in aquatic ecosystem

The rapid urbanization and economic development have resulted in an unprecedented pollution of the entire biosphere. Aquatic ecosystems have become a sink for the discharge of numerous pollutants ranging from nutrients, heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, hydrocarbons, pesticides, medicines, pathogens, and explosives. The accumulation of these pollutants poses a serious threat to aquatic biodiversity, and drinking contaminated water poses severe health hazards in humans. Phytoremediation, an eco-accommodating process, aids in the maintenance of aquatic ecosystem functionality by detoxifying, decomposing, converting, or chelating contaminants, allowing for the proper treatment of wastewater-contaminated water bodies. The development of phytoremediation technology was facilitated by the economic aspects and side effects of conventional treatment technologies. Nevertheless, constructed wetlands have acquired popularity among the numerous accessible methods for treating and recycling diverse wastewaters because they fulfill the criteria of sustainability, public health maintenance, esthetic balance, design intricacy, and cost. The prolonged-release of untreated industrial waste, domestic sewage, accidental spills, rainfall run-off, and direct solid waste disposal all have a substantial influence on aquatic environments. Both live and dead macrophyte biomass may be utilized in phytoremediation; however, dead biomass is typically favored for treating industrial effluents due to lower cost, ease of disposal, and lack of active biochemical machinery that causes metal toxicity and plant death. Some of the barriers to translating phytoremediation technology from the lab to the field include the issue of disposing of biomass and the seasonal growth of aquatic macrophytes. Yet, via numerous works, an eco-sustainable model has been created that could mitigate some of the restrictions. Macrophyte waste biomass has a wide range of productive uses. Future potential for the utilization of macrophytes in phytoremediation investigations includes genetic engineering, biodiversity exploration, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. This emerging technology may advance environmental science and technology using a multidisciplinary and integrated approach. This review, thus focuses on the various contaminants found in aquatic ecosystems, their treatment by various phytoremediation processes, some successful phytoremediation studies conducted so far for remediation purposes, and myriad types of constructed wetlands utilized for attenuating pollution levels in various types of wastewaters to bring them down to permissible levels.

An easy way to treat buccal canine malocclusion: A case report

An ectopic tooth is one that is erupting in an aberrant route, whereas an impacted tooth is one that has failed to fully erupt into the oral cavity within its expected developmental time period and can no longer be expected to do so. The majority of canine eruption abnormalities occur in one of two directions: palatal or buccal displacement from the usual eruptive location 2. Permanent maxillary canine impaction or ectopic eruption affects about 1-2 percent of the general population. Canines that are palatally displaced are twice as common as those that are buccally placed. Buccally displaced canines, on the other hand, are very prevalent in practice and their etiology is related to a deficient dental arch perimeter 3,4. So, the purpose of this report is to show a case of a 15-year-old male with ectopic maxillary canines who was treated by extracting the four first premolars, using segmental T loops for retraction of ectopic canines. The goals were met at the end of treatment with optimal aesthetic balance and excellent occlusal connections, resulting in great long-term stability.

Orthosurgical approach of a skeletal class III malocclusion with mandibular laterognathia: a case report.

Skeletal class III malocclusion is characterized by an evident disharmony and discrepancy between the maxilla and mandible, affecting facial appearance and masticatory function. Usually, the association of transversal and vertical anomalies along with the anteroposterior problem makes the orthodontist's job perceived as a challenge. The ortho-surgical approach can be considered as an efficient alternative for the treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion, and it requires an interdisciplinary relationship between the orthodontist and a maxillofacial surgeon. This case report presents a 25-year-old female patient who consulted with a chief complaint of unsatisfactory facial esthetics. The clinical examination revealed a skeletal class III mainly due to maxilla hypoplasia accompanied with mandibular laterognathism, causing a unilateral posterior crossbite. The patient was treated with the ortho-surgical approach. The treatment objectives were achieved, providing a stable class I occlusion with an acceptable overjet and overbite, coordinated midlines, and a satisfactory facial profile with an excellent esthetic balance between the hard and soft tissue.

Salient-Centeredness and Saliency Size in Computational Aesthetics

We investigate the optimal aesthetic location and size of a single dominant salient region in a photographic image. Existing algorithms for photographic composition do not take full account of the spatial positioning or sizes of these salient regions. We present a set of experiments to assess aesthetic preferences, inspired by theories of centeredness, principal lines, and Rule-of-Thirds. Our experimental results show a clear preference for the salient region to be centered in the image and that there is a preferred size of non-salient border around this salient region. We thus propose a novel image cropping mechanism for images containing a single salient region to achieve the best aesthetic balance. Our results show that the Rule-of-Thirds guideline is not generally valid but also allow us to hypothesize in which situations it is useful and in which it is inappropriate.

Major considerations and clinical outcomes of aligner plates in orthodontic treatments to achieve dental harmonization: a concise systematic review

Introduction: Harmonized teeth are synonymous with a healthy mouth, and age is no longer an obstacle to starting orthodontic treatment. There are numerous options involving technologies that serve people of the most varied ages and lifestyles. Among them, the aligner plates are ideal for those who want to correct imperfections in the dental position. Objective: It was to carry out a concise systematic review to highlight the main considerations and clinical outcomes of aligner plates in orthodontic treatments to achieve dental harmonization and aesthetic balance. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The search was carried out from December 2022 to February 2023 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases, using articles from 2012 to 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed accordingly, according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 68 articles were found, 22 articles were evaluated and 16 were included and developed in this systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 14 studies with a high risk of bias and 22 studies that did not meet GRADE. It was concluded that the aligners are created by computer software, require only one impression, require a few additional tests, and allow excellent predictability of the treatment when used within their indications. They have a satisfactory aesthetic level, are comfortable, easy to clean, and cause less trauma when compared to conventional fixed appliances. However, serious skeletal discrepancies cannot be treated with the aligner plates, there may also be non-cooperation on the part of the patient, in which the use of the device is insufficient, making the treatment ineffective, high cost, slight intrusion of posterior teeth may occur, speech disturbances, dysphagia, and increased salivary flow.

Aesthetic Surgical Pathway in Permanent Facial Filler Removal.

Although permanent fillers have been introduced in order to get long-lasting results, many studies have shown numerous severe and disfiguring complications. Nonsurgical procedures may mitigate those adverse events but the only way to remove the filler previously injected is represented by surgical excision. We present a pathway of facial surgical accesses to be performed achieving two goals: permanent filler removal and restore facial aesthetic balance. The proposed surgical accesses are already standardized in aesthetic surgical practice in order to avoid direct excision and unpleasant facial scar. A total of 231 patients underwent surgery for permanent filler removal and aesthetic restoration of the involved facial area, represented by forehead, glabella, nose, cheeks, eyelids, chin, jawline, and lips. Magnetic resonance evaluation was performed with the exception of lip patients who were evaluated with ultrasound. Postoperative follow-up was 12 months to 6 years. Subjective and objective methods were used for outcome evaluation according to the FACE-Q questionnaire. Functional and aesthetic correction was scored using the patient-graded Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), overall patient satisfaction was assessed by a five-point scale questionnaire. Functional and aesthetic restoration was globally recognized as improved according to the GAIS. Patients reported high levels of satisfaction assessed by a five-point scale questionnaire. A very good satisfaction level was registered in both subjective and objective judgment scores. To the best of our knowledge, we present the largest case series regarding surgical removal of permanent facial fillers. A proper preoperative evaluation, filler removal followed by restorative facial aesthetic surgery technique is paramount to approach challenging cases.

Aesthetic Genioplasty Based on Strategic Categorization.

Genioplasty is a popular procedure used for lower facial contour correction. Various osteotomy techniques enable us to perform advancement, setback, reduction, or narrowing procedures. Computed tomographic images facilitate preoperative planning in detail. The authors used a novel planning method based on strategic categorization. The analytic results are described. This retrospective study reviewed 208 patients who underwent genioplasty procedures for facial contouring from October of 2015 to April of 2020. During preoperative evaluation of the mandible, the operative procedure selected was one of three types: (1) horizontal segment osteotomy, (2) vertical and horizontal segment osteotomy, and (3) bone graft after repositioning. Adequate osteotomies were followed by rigid fixation using a titanium plate and screws. The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 24 months (average, 17 months). The results were assessed based on medical records, photographs, and facial bone computed tomographic images. Overall, the patients were satisfied with the outcomes and had responder-based improvement in lower facial contour and balance. Chin point deviations were noted in 176 cases; left-side deviation ( n = 135) was more frequent than right-side deviation ( n = 41). Strategic osteotomies based on precise measurements led to correction of asymmetries. Temporary partial sensory losses reported in 12 cases resolved within an average of 6 months after surgery. Each patient's chief complaint and bony structures should be carefully evaluated before genioplasty procedures are performed. During the operation, meticulous osteotomy, precise movement, and rigid fixation are necessary. The strategic process used for genioplasty resulted in aesthetic balance and predictable outcomes. Therapeutic, IV.

Management of Wide Alar Lobule Using Preservation Rhinoplasty Philosophy: Alar Coring Technique.

A broad alar base disrupts nasal harmony and facial aesthetic balance and is an aesthetic concern for many patients. This wide appearance may be related to excessive nostril sill, alar flare, wide alar lobule, or a combination. Many techniques are described in literature to address the alar base with resultant scars to a variable degree. Management of alar lobule thickness is particularly challenging. Our technique presented here introduces a novel method to reduce the thickness of the alar lobule with excellent aesthetic outcome.

Surgical correction of cleft lip lower-lip deformity: a report of three cases

Cleft lip lower-lip deformity is a secondary deformity in patients who underwent primary cheiloplasty of the upper lip, characterized by an enlarged and anteriorly rotated lower lip. In these cases, soft-tissue imbalances remain even after skeletal correction with orthognathic surgery, and additional soft tissue treatment is required for lip harmony and esthetic facial balance in CLP (cleft lip palate) patients. This study describes three cases of transverse myomucosal excision of the lower lip for correction of cleft lip lower-lip deformity to restore facial esthetic balance. Each patient underwent orthognathic surgery, rhinoplasty, or upper lip revision cheiloplasty according to condition. Postoperatively, volume of the lower lip decreased and lip harmony was improved in all three patients. The surgeon should fully understand the anatomical structure around the lips and be able to evaluate overall harmony of the soft tissue. When a lower lip deformity is present, careful surgical planning and execution are important for each patient.

К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ЭСТЕТИЗАЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

In the process of retrospective analysis of cultural epochs, one can observe the movement of the pendulum of culture from aestheticism to moralizing, and vice versa. One of the first critics of aestheticization was S. Kierkegaard, who, without denying the significance of the aesthetic, placed the latter below the ethical in the spiritual hierarchy. Domestic philosophers defended the need for a synthesis of ethics and aesthetics. Researchers of the twentieth century point to the trend of total aestheticization, the transformation and deformation of basic moral ideals. In modern times, the phenomenon of aestheticization of all social spheres, including politics and economics, is being updated, which is largely due to the formation of a «consumer society», visual and digital turns in culture. The article analyzes the main features of postmodernism that contribute to aestheticization: fragmentation, massification, clip consciousness, visual turn, loss of sacredness of traditional meanings and symbols. All of the above contributes to the strengthening of the aesthetic component and the violation of the ethical and aesthetic balance. The authors reveal that the absolutization of beauty in art leads to the degradation of tragic genres based on ethical conflicts. Art is able to educate, form a value hierarchy. Thus, art has possibilities that transform a person, which are contained in the synthetic integrity of the ethical and aesthetic, therefore, it already acquires cosmological parameters. In turn, aestheticization as the dominant of culture leads to moral limitations and the destruction of the spiritual integrity of man and society.

Quality of life of women submitted to facial aesthetic myofunctional therapy - educational status influence

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the influence of educational status on the quality of life of women submitted to facial aesthetic myofunctional therapy. Methods: a self-controlled experimental clinical trial conducted at the Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade (Open University for Seniors - UNATI) of the Pontífica Universidade Católica (Pontifical Catholic University - PUC) of Goiás, Brazil. The 44 participating women, aged 50 to 65 years, were divided into group 1 (having completed middle or high school) and group 2 (with a higher education degree) and were submitted to aesthetic myofunctional therapy. Data analysis was made with the paired t-test, Levene test, t-test to compare the means of independent groups, and Spearman correlation, at the 5% significance level. Results: after the aesthetic myofunctional therapy, the wrinkles and orofacial myofunctional balance improved significantly in groups 1 and 2. The physical aspects and overall health status mean scores increased significantly in group 1, after the intervention. There was no statistically significant difference in the women’s quality of life between groups. The correlation between educational status and the quality-of-life domains was predominantly low. Conclusion: the educational status did not interfere with the quality of life of women submitted to aesthetic myofunctional therapy.

Quality of life of women submitted to facial aesthetic myofunctional therapy - educational status influence

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the influence of educational status on the quality of life of women submitted to facial aesthetic myofunctional therapy. Methods: a self-controlled experimental clinical trial conducted at the Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade (Open University for Seniors - UNATI) of the Pontífica Universidade Católica (Pontifical Catholic University - PUC) of Goiás, Brazil. The 44 participating women, aged 50 to 65 years, were divided into group 1 (having completed middle or high school) and group 2 (with a higher education degree) and were submitted to aesthetic myofunctional therapy. Data analysis was made with the paired t-test, Levene test, t-test to compare the means of independent groups, and Spearman correlation, at the 5% significance level. Results: after the aesthetic myofunctional therapy, the wrinkles and orofacial myofunctional balance improved significantly in groups 1 and 2. The physical aspects and overall health status mean scores increased significantly in group 1, after the intervention. There was no statistically significant difference in the women’s quality of life between groups. The correlation between educational status and the quality-of-life domains was predominantly low. Conclusion: the educational status did not interfere with the quality of life of women submitted to aesthetic myofunctional therapy.

Эстрада: старые «новые» жанры и проблемы

The article examines the state and problems of nowadays transformation of the pop genres, the connection between the new forms with classical pop genres of the past. The problems of rap on the modern Russian stage are analyzed. Rap music itself is perceived as a borderline phenomenon between the established culture of local social groups (subcultures) and as a recipient of the carnival tradition, farcical culture, rooted in early folk forms of theatricality. Modern pop culture perceives part of the artistic tradition born at the Soviet stage. However, not all of its positive elements and achievements of the national stage, dating back to the high satire of N.V. Gogol, M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, M.A. Bulgakov, M.M. Zoshchenko are still demanded by the mass culture today. The main role in maintaining aesthetic balance play traditional cultural values, framing subcultural phenomena. These values are potentially able to direct all the subcultures into the creative channel of authentic art.

Partial auricular reconstruction surgery for facial skin cancer

Auricular defects resulting from excision of cutaneous malignancies pose a challenge to the reconstructive surgeon due to the complex anatomy, convexities, and concavities of the ear. A surgeon must be familiar with analyzing defects of the ear and understand the variety of reconstructive options available with the goals of restoring function, re-establishing anatomic units, and achieving aesthetic balance. This review summarizes current methods for reconstruction of partial auricular defects resulting from neoplasm. A brief overview of ear anatomy and aesthetic relationships is also provided. Techniques for the reconstruction are classified by anatomic region: upper-third, middle-third, and lower-third defects.

A Cephalometric Evaluation of Soft Tissue Following Maxillary Incisors Retraction

Background: Class 2 Division 1 is the most prevalent type of malocclusion affecting about 32% of Pakistani population. With upper maxillary premolar extraction is one of most frequent treatment choice. Aim: To evaluate the effects of these extractions on soft tissue show variable results depending upon the sex, ethnicity, maxillary arch crowding and pretreatment structure of lips. Methods: In this study pretreatment cephalograms of 106 Class 2 div 1 patients were taken whose treatment plan include extraction of maxillary 1st premolar. Then the second and final cephalograms were taken when retraction of incisors was completed. Mean changes in the position of upper and lower lip were measured with respect to Ricketts E-line before and after completion of retraction of maxillary incisors. Results: After the extraction of premolars there is a significant (P value=0.000) reduction in the lip protrusion of -2.033mm±1.148mm and -1.695mm±1.628mm in both upper and lower lip respectively. Conclusion: Extraction of maxillary premolars cause significant reduction of lip prominence and achieve facial esthetic balance. Keywords: Class 2 div 1, lip position, Premolar Extraction

Alar Rim Deformities in Korean Primary Rhinoplasty Patients

Background and Objectives: The alar-columellar relationship plays an important role in the esthetic balance of the nose. We analyzed alar rim deformities and aesthetic concerns and expectations among patients by deformity type in Korean primary rhinoplasty patients.Materials and Methods: Retrospective photographic analysis was done on 336 patients planning to undergo primary rhinoplasty at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong. We categorized their alar rim deformities as normal, hanging columella, retracted columella, hanging ala, retracted ala, convex ala, concave ala, thick ala, and a combination of the above. Patients’ aesthetic concerns and expectations about their nose were analyzed by preoperative questionnaire.Results: Of the enrolled patients, 38 (11.3%) had no alar rim deformities, and the other 298 patients (88.7%) had one or more deformities. The most prevalent alar rim deformity was hanging ala (59.2%), followed by convex ala (53.3%) and thick ala (32.1%). Male patients were more likely to have convex ala and retracted columella than female patients. More than one-half of the patients (64.1%) had two or more deformities and tended to be young (p=0.028). Patients with thick ala had several reasons for being dissatisfied with their nose and various demands for correction.Conclusion: Distinctive characteristics of alar rim deformities should be considered in surgical planning in order to obtain satisfactory results in Korean primary rhinoplasty patients.

Alar Flare Preservation Using the Sandwich Technique as an Adjunct to Alar Base Reduction.

Background:Achieving an aesthetic balance and natural appearance when modifying soft tissues of the nasal tip, alae, and nostrils is fundamental to the success of rhinoplasty surgery. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of a simple “sandwich” technique combined with external alar base reduction to preserve the alar flare and achieve a natural and appealing alar contour.Methods:The study included 40 patients who reported dissatisfaction due to excessive nasal flaring. Cartilaginous grafts were harvested from the septum in cases of primary rhinoplasty. Grafts were harvested from the conchal cartilage in cases of secondary rhinoplasty to ensure adequacy of the grafts. The grafts were inserted from the alar wedge excision point along the created pocket to be “sandwiched” in the soft tissue of the alar rim.Results:The average preoperative alar flare was 35.2 mm (SD ±1.9 mm), with an average postoperative reduction of 3 mm. Difference between intercanthal distance and postoperative alar flare distance showed a mean of (−0.4 mm) (SD ±1.2 mm) and was highly significant with P < 0.05. A comparison between nasal base width and alar flare measurements was done. Difference between nasal base width and preoperative alar flare distance was (−9.2 mm) (SD ±2.6), and between nasal base width and postoperative alar flare was (−6.3 mm) (SD ±2.1). Postoperatively, overall patient satisfaction was scored 4.1 of 5.Conclusion:The use of a trapezoidal graft, in combination with external alar base reduction, markedly improves the basal view while maintaining the natural alar flare and curvature.

Role of Green Spaces and Their Impact on Climate Design and Ecosystem Efficiency

Anbar Governorate suffers from clear negligence in achieving a balance between the natural and constructed components and their impact on the local climate, especially in terms of providing green spaces, the components of the natural environment are affected the climate, which is characterized by its harshness in the hot dry region, which requires developing solutions for its climatic design and achieving the efficiency of its ecosystem, as well as providing green spaces commensurate with the nature of the city and its population, and from here the research problem identify the role of green spaces in climate design and achieve efficiency High for the ecosystem. The research reached many proposed solutions through which it is possible to overcome the difficulties and challenges facing green spaces within the cities of Anbar Governorate, including preserving and protecting green spaces, raising their efficiency and increasing their area, as well as converting unused lands into green spaces, as well as reaching many Among the recommendations that would highlight the role and importance of green spaces in achieving the environmental and aesthetic balance of Anbar Governorate cities.

Control of the occlusal plane in orthognathic surgery

• Diagnostic considerations of occlusal plane can make a treatment plan for better results. • Presurgical control of occlusal plane can contribute in reducing the need for double-jaw surgery. • Functional occlusal plane should be controlled to improve stability with better esthetics. • Adequate planning of occlusal plane orientation is of high significance in orthognathic surgery. The orientation of the occlusal plane (OP) influences the functional and esthetic balance of the face. We report on two patients for which the careful consideration of OP angulation from diagnosis to treatment planning aided in achieving a superior esthetic correction and improved stability. In both surgical patients, adequate presurgical control of the OP facilitated the surgical correction with a rotation of the OP. The results showed a better esthetic outcome and improved orientation of the musculoskeletal relation. Therefore, in severe mandibular prognathism or retrognathism, adequate planning of the OP orientation is of high significance.