Aesthetic Purposes Research Articles

Dope-dyed polyurethane electrospun nanofibers

Electrospun polyurethane nanofibrous mats are used in stretchable, flexible, memory and other technical materials. Lately, their potential for aesthetic purposes has been explored, and various dyeing techniques, as an additional process, and the environmental impact have been reported. Herein, the dope dyeing technique of polyurethane electrospun nanofibers with disperse dyes is reported as a part of the electrospinning process. Dope dyeing when compared to other techniques consumes lesser time, reduced cost and environmental impact, and produces better color and uniformity. The preparation of dope solution, electrospinning and post dye curing processes was optimized for producing the colored polyurethane nanofibrous mat. Dope-dyed polyurethane nanofibrous mats produced good colored yield and colorfastness results. Moreover, the morphology of undyed and dyed polyurethane nanofibers was similar as observed in the SEM analysis and presence of the dye molecules were evident in the FTIR analysis.

Sensory translation between audition and vision.

Across the millennia, and across a range of disciplines, there has been a widespread desire to connect, or translate between, the senses in a manner that is meaningful, rather than arbitrary. Early examples were often inspired by the vivid, yet mostly idiosyncratic, crossmodal matches expressed by synaesthetes, often exploited for aesthetic purposes by writers, artists, and composers. A separate approach comes from those academic commentators who have attempted to translate between structurally similar dimensions of perceptual experience (such as pitch and colour). However, neither approach has succeeded in delivering consensually agreed crossmodal matches. As such, an alternative approach to sensory translation is needed. In this narrative historical review, focusing on the translation between audition and vision, we attempt to shed light on the topic by addressing the following three questions: (1) How is the topic of sensory translation related to synaesthesia, multisensory integration, and crossmodal associations? (2) Are there common processing mechanisms across the senses that can help to guarantee the success of sensory translation, or, rather, is mapping among the senses mediated by allegedly universal (e.g., amodal) stimulus dimensions? (3) Is the term 'translation' in the context of cross-sensory mappings used metaphorically or literally? Given the general mechanisms and concepts discussed throughout the review, the answers we come to regarding the nature of audio-visual translation are likely to apply to the translation between other perhaps less-frequently studied modality pairings as well.

Protocol Establishment and Reliability Verification of Three-Dimensional Digital Stereophotogrammetry in Lower Eyelid Anthropometry.

Three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry has been widely used in anthropometry for both medical and esthetic purposes. However, no studies have assessed its reliability on measuring the lower eyelid by 3D imaging. This study aimed to establish a standardized 3D anthropometric protocol for lower eyelid region and validate its reliability. Fifty-eight participants (116 eyes) were recruited with mean age of 39.14 ± 11.25 years. Two sets of VECTRA 3D images were taken for each subject, and each set of images was individually measured twice by two raters. Twenty-seven landmarks were identified in the lower eyelid region, and then 19 linear, 4 curvilinear, 7 angular and 2 areal metrics were assessed for intrarater, interrater and intramethod reliability. High reliability was found in this 3D imaging-based lower eyelid anthropometry. The mean absolute difference within 2 intrarater measurement were 0.22 and 0.08 units, the technical errors measurement were 0.31 and 0.15 units, the relative errors of measurement were 0.90% and 0.31%, the relative technical errors of measurement were 1.53% and 0.64%, and the intra-group correlation coefficient was 0.99 and 0.99. The results for interrater measurement were 0.53 units, 0.59 units, 2.94%, 3.41% and 0.96, and for intramethod measurement were 0.71 units, 0.77 units, 4.12%, 4.05% and 0.95 units, respectively. 3D stereophotogrammetry is reliable for lower eyelid anthropometry. The standardized protocol can be further applied for many purposes such as lower eyelid aging evaluation, surgical related assessment and periocular rejuvenation plan. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Experimental evaluation of poly methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene transmission welding using mold-integrated simultaneous laser welding technology

Automotive lamps have not only functional roles but also highly esthetic purposes in the design of a car. As such, they use complex three-dimensional shapes to implement various designs. The main manufacturing challenge comes from the plastic bonding process of the complex components, which currently is done by thermal bonding, ultrasonic bonding, and laser welding. Laser welding processes with a narrow joint area are preferred since they require minimal joint area and produce no burr. In this study, an optimization study for simultaneous bonding of lamps is carried out using multiple light sources generated by connecting specially manufactured bundle optical fibers with a diode laser source. The diode laser beams with a wavelength of 915 nm and a power of 80 W, each, were simultaneously delivered through a 30-optical fibers bundle. The fibers were integrated within the mold that holds the lamp achieving transmission welding through the overlapped upper transparent polymer PMMA (IF850) and the lower nontransparent polymer ABS (HL121H). The process parameters investigated were the laser power, duration time, waveguide gap, and clamping pressure. We present optimized process parameters that achieved no pores and relatively uniform melting. In the shear test, the average load was approximately 1300 N, and the base sheet fractures along the welding joints were observed.

Bamboo in the gardens of China

It seems inconceivable for a garden in China (or a Chinese garden elsewhere) not to feature bamboo, serving a variety of aesthetic, practical, and metaphoric purposes. This paper offers both a translation of a set of some of the most famous celebrations of the bamboo, in prose and poetry, from the Book of Odes (Shijing 詩經) down to the late imperial period, and a discussion of the role of this particular plant in the design and life of the Chinese garden and the levels of symbolic meaning it brings to these gardens.

Nerve Distribution Method is Superior to the Conventional Method in BoNT-A Treatment of Trapezius Hypertrophy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The contour of the neck and shoulder is defined by the trapezius muscle (TM). Beyond facial procedures, botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections has been increasingly adopted to create a smooth shoulder line. Several studies described the intramuscular nerve branching and the pattern of perforating branch of the accessory nerve in the trapezius muscle, providing essential information for botulinum neurotoxin injection. To this date, research groups seldom perform clinical investigations, especially randomized controlled trials, that demonstrates whether BoNT-A injections using the nerve distribution method for aesthetic purposes is more effective. Patients met the criteria for inclusion were randomized to either the Nerve Distribution group (ND group) or control group. Control group patients received injection using the conventional method while ND group patients received the nerve distribution method. Photographic and ultrasonographic evaluations were carried out at baseline, one month, three months, and six months after the procedure. Patients were also required to complete a questionnaire to evaluate their feedbacks to the injection. After screening, 30 healthy young Chinese women were included. At one-month follow-up, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two methods. At the three-month follow-up, the reduction of the TM thickness for the ND group (0.21 ± 0.09 cm) was more than that for the control group (0.27 ± 0.08 cm), with p = 0.047*. Similar differences were observed for the reduction of the shoulder area proportion (p = 0.031*) and the shoulder angle (p = 0.035*). At the six-month follow-up, the reduction in TM thickness in the ND group (0.2 ± 0.09 cm) was more than that of the control group (0.28 ± 0.06 cm), with p = 0.041*. The global aesthetic improvement scale feedbacks of the two methods showed no significant difference (3.4 ± 0.71 vs 3.8 ± 0.91, p = 0.207). The patients did not experience severe side effects. Compared to the conventional injection method, the nerve distribution method is more effective in reducing the trapezius muscle thickness, shoulder area proportion, and shoulder angle at three months, and shows longer lasting effects. The results of this study introduce unique insights into the design and tailoring of treatment protocols for shoulder-line contouring using BoNT-A.Level of Evidence I This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Popular pleasures: Sharpening the tools for a popular aesthetic in video game criticism

What is the purpose of popular aesthetics in video game criticism? This overarching question will serve as a starting point in this article, which is an attempt to bring the focus of game studies back to popular aesthetics in general and the aesthetic category of ‘cuteness’ in particular. As popular media pose problems for established aesthetic theories, I want to explore the most classical of all aesthetic theories, Immanuel Kant’s Critique of the Power of Judgment, in order to point towards the possibility of a popular aesthetic. The aesthetic judgement of cuteness, more concretely Yoshi’s Crafted World’s cuteness, guides us through this reflection. Cuteness finds its place as ‘impure’ beauty, characterized by a specific constellation between the agreeable, useful and beautiful. By interrogating the strengths and weaknesses of Kant’s aesthetics, I identify three points to carve out a popular video game criticism in the future: (1) the role of the body for sensory cognition, (2) the question of aesthetic form and (3) the emphasis on popular pleasures.

Clipping in Qubadi Jalilzada's poetry

Generally speaking, literature is a rethinking of reality and the imagination, especially poetry, with its unique form and qualities such as ancient rhetoric and modern deviation devices. Any literary work must have some form deviation, in addition to creativity and poetic imagery, whether it is a change in meaning or a change in the texts structure, to be engaging for the reader, Cilliping is a bussinesing and art, we want to show all of nice art in poity. A component of structural deviation is clipping. In his poetry, jalilzada employs a variety of this approach, including the clipping of letters, words, images, half-lines( a verse), and single lines. The manipulation of this literary technique is done for both economic and aesthetic purposes, and it helps the poet stand a part from his predecessors. It implies that this device is being used as a language game and a literal device of a text. As a result, its employment demands a high level of literal quality, and a randomly selected clipping without skillful application does not always serve a texts aesthetic value. Thus, the researcher aims Because clipping affects internal and eexternal rhymes and enhances the texts aesthetic beauty, it is used to distinguish between a poetical and an unpoetical text. Thus, as a skilled poet, jalilzada has used clipping in his poetry. to illuminate the literal and aesthetical types of clipping in jalizadas poetry.

Human Stem Cell Transplantation: An Overview Of The Islamic Perspective's Ethical Issues In Malaysia

Stem cells have unprecedented promise for treating disorders that are not amenable to conventional treatment because of their special capacity to maintain, replenish, and repair all tissue types. Stem cell research is currently surrounded by several pressing ethical and challenges as a result of the quick development of biotechnology. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the ethical issues regarding the use of stem cells and correlate from an Islamic perspective, focusing on Malaysia. In this review, we outline an overview of the most significant ethical issues with stem cell application that the community especially Muslims should be aware of. The study applied a library-based methodology and gathered data about stem cells, their use, ethical concerns, and Islamic law with an emphasis on Malaysia from a range of sources, including books, websites and journals. The findings demonstrated that there are three main areas of ethical concern for stem cell technology from an Islamic perspective: human embryonic stem cells, stem cells used for aesthetic purposes, and stem cells used for therapeutic medicine. We attempted to correlate Malaysia's perspective with some of the Islamic perspective's points on all ethical concerns. We discovered that there are certain arguments towards every ethical issue from an Islamic perspective, and we tried to compare it to the perspective from Malaysia. Both the use of current ethical frameworks and careful evaluation from an Islamic perspective are important as this vast and diverse area of stem cell technology progresses, especially in Malaysia.

Functionalization of breast implants by cyclodextrin in-situ polymerization: a local drug delivery system for augmentation mammaplasty.

Mammaplasty is a widely performed surgical procedure worldwide, utilized for breast reconstruction, in the context of breast cancer treatment, and aesthetic purposes. To enhance post-operative outcomes and reduce risks (hematoma with required evacuation, capsular contracture, implant-associated infection and others), the controlled release of medicaments can be achieved using drug delivery systems based on cyclodextrins (CDs). In this study, our objective was to functionalize commercially available silicone breast implants with smooth and textured surfaces through in-situ polymerization of two CDs: β-CD/citric acid and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD/citric acid. This functionalization serves as a local drug delivery system for the controlled release of therapeutic molecules that potentially can be a preventive treatment for post-operative complications in mammaplasty interventions. Initially, we evaluated the pre-treatment of sample surfaces with O2 plasma, followed by chitosan grafting. Subsequently, in-situ polymerization using both types of CDs was performed on implants. The results demonstrated that the proposed pre-treatment significantly increased the polymerization yield. The functionalized samples were characterized using microscopic and physicochemical techniques. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed system for controlled drug delivery in augmentation mammaplasty, three different molecules were utilized: pirfenidone (PFD) for capsular contracture prevention, Rose Bengal (RB) as anticancer agent, and KR-12 peptide (KR-12) to prevent bacterial infection. The release kinetics of PFD, RB, and KR-12 were analyzed using the Korsmeyer-Peppas and monolithic solution mathematical models to identify the respective delivery mechanisms. The antibacterial effect of KR-12 was assessed against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, revealing that the antibacterial rate of functionalized samples loaded with KR-12 was dependent on the diffusion coefficients. Finally, due to the immunomodulatory properties of KR-12 peptide on epithelial cells, this type of cells was employed to investigate the cytotoxicity of the functionalized samples. These assays confirmed the superior properties of functionalized samples compared to unprotected implants.

Surgical protocol of buccal fat pad excision technique for functional and aesthetic purposes: a series of 58 clinical cases

There is a limited number of published studies regarding buccal fat pad removal for aesthetic contouring of the midface and lack of patient follow-up. To describe a protocol of bichectomy technique, with aesthetic and functional purposes and to show its predictability with a report of a cases series. The bichectomy described herein was systematically applied in 58 patients. All data was submitted to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. From 58 patients, 89.5% were women. The median age was 35 (19-62) and 64% of the patients had round facial shape. No permanent or significant complications occurred, and all patients declared to be satisfied with aethetics and/or function. There was no difference in the amount of removed tissue from left and right side (p = 0.227), however, the total fat tissue removed is different according to the facial shape (p = 0.022). Round facial shape had a greater amount of tissue removed than the square facial shape (p = 0.03). If this protocol is followed correctly, bichectomy surgery can be performed accurately, safely, and predictably. The amount of tissue removed was equal on both sides with the total fat tissue removed is greater in round facial shapes.

Aspacochioside C from Asparagus cochinchinensis attenuates eumelanin synthesis via inhibition of TRP2 expression

Aspacochioside C (ACC) is a steroidal saponin isolated from Asparagus cochinchinensis. Steroidal saponins, such as pseudoprotodioscin and dioscin, are known to inhibit melanogenesis, but the role of ACC in melanogenesis remains unknown. Due to the toxic effect of the commonly used skin whitening agents like arbutin, kojic acid and α-lipoic acid alternative plant products are recentlybeen studied for their anti-hypergmentation effect. This study explores the role of ACC in melanogenesis in both in vivo and in vitro models. Here, we for the first time demonstrate that ACC attenuated α-MSH- and UVB-induced eumelanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2 protein expression in both murine B16F10 and human melanoma MNT1 cells. However, ACC had no significant effect on pheomelanin concentration. ACC also decreased the pigmentation density in zebrafish embryos, which indicates that ACC targets TRP2 and inhibits eumelanin synthesis. Our results demonstrate that ACC inhibits TRP2, thereby attenuating eumelanin synthesis both in in vitro and in vivo zebrafish model. Therefore, ACC can potentially be used as an anti-melanogenic agent for both aesthetic and pharmaceutical purposes.

Multimodal artistic metaphors: Research on a corpus of Sardinian art.

The study aims to define an artistic metaphor and highlight the multimodal properties of metaphors in artistic environments. In this research, an artistic metaphor has a relevant aesthetic purpose and it conveys beauty. Interpreting a metaphor in Sardinian art requires time for contemplation, however the cognitive effort of understanding the meaning of an artistic metaphor is rewarded by the delight of those who contemplate it. This metaphor has some characteristics in common with a visual metaphor but differs from other types of images that have been more extensively analyzed in the literature: it is difficult to establish a specific directionality, and consequently, it is not easy to recognize the target and source domains; the way it is expressed makes its interpretation and classification problematic at times. A proposal is presented in the paper to describe artistic metaphors according to universal macro-categories, inspired by the knowledge of Aristotelian and Kantian categories and by studies in the field of aesthetics: (1) time, (2) space, (3) decontextualization of stereotypes, and (4) fusion of forms. These categories are applied to a corpus of artworks by important artists in Sardinia to show that the visual, tactile, and auditory components of the pictures can boost an effective comprehension of figurative meaning. Results suggest that the multimodality of Sardinian artistic metaphors orients the observer toward original possibilities of learning and stimulates knowledge of the "submerged" wealth of symbols and archetypes that characterize insularity.

Rhinoplasty and YouTube: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Quality, Dependability, and Reliability of Videos on Rhinoplasty.

Rhinoplasty, also referred to as a nose job or a reconstruction of the nose, is a surgical procedure that alters and reconstructs the nose for aesthetic or functional purposes. With the emergence of social media and modern internet accessibility, YouTube has gained popularity among users of all ages. Despite this, the accuracy and credibility of these videos and the information they include could be cause for concern. This study intends to assess the competence, quality, and dependability of the information in the videos related to "Rhinoplasty surgery" on YouTube. This is a cross-sectional observational study that analyzes rhinoplasty information on YouTube. A Google Forms questionnaire was used to collect the data. The Global Quality Score (GQS), reliability score, and Video Power Index (VPI) were used to assess quality and reliability, and statistical analysis was performed using IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. The inclusion criteria were videos ranging from 1 minute to 20 minutes in duration, pertinent to the topic of rhinoplasty surgery, and in either English or Hindi. A total of 71 videos were analyzed, and 70 videos were included. A comparison of GQS, reliability score, and VPI based on the type of uploader was done by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The association between VPI, GQS, and reliability score with that of the uploader of the video was found to be statistically insignificant (p<0.05). Videos uploaded by healthcare organizations, news outlets, patients, or other relevant groups have the most GQS (4.5), whereas videos uploaded by hospitals have the lowest. Compared to the type of uploader, videos have no statistically significant changes in quality, reliability, or video power, implying that the type of uploader does not necessarily impact the overall quality or reliability of the information presented in the investigated YouTube videos. While the majority of the videos addressed the indications of rhinoplasty and provided information about the etiology, there were gaps in discussing pre-procedural investigations and preventive measures. Due to our limitations, expanding the number of accounts used for search and increasing the number of videos might overcome the search algorithm.

EVALUATING PUBLIC URBAN GREEN SPACES: A COMPOSITE GREEN SPACE INDEX FOR MEASURING ACCESSIBILITY AND SPATIAL QUALITY

Abstract. Greenspaces (GSs) available to the public for recreational, environmental, and aesthetic purposes are termed Public Urban Green Spaces (PUGS). Accessibility to PUGS is one of the main pre-requisite for their frequent use. With rising urbanization and inequitable distribution of GSs, a significant portion of the population remains inaccessible to the benefits provided by PUGS. Therefore, it is essential to have tools to evaluate these GSs. This study evaluates the accessibility and spatial quality of various hierarchies of PUGS using GIS-based analysis in Dehradun, India. Accessibility is assessed using network analysis, aesthetics is determined by the presence of bird population and waterbody, the surface index is determined based on NDVI thresholding, and affordability, and spaciousness are computed based on survey and GIS data. The indices are combined to form a composite green space index (CGSI) using analytical hierarchy process. CGSI shows that most of the PUGS in Dehradun have relatively poor accessibility and quality. As per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for providing a minimum of 9m2 of GS for each person, Dehradun lies way behind, providing 2.02m2/person. The lower hierarchy PUGS, notably totlots, which are crucial for young children’s physical, mental, and cognitive development, is quite limited. On the contrary, city parks are well distributed with moderate to good accessibility and quality. CGSI is a comprehensive index encompassing different characteristics of GSs and serves as a valuable tool for setting goals, prioritizing investments, identifying areas in need of improvement, and potential locations for future GS development.

Dysphoria and psychiatric comorbidity in transgender people seeking medical care for somatic transition

Gender dysphoria is the diagnosis included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association, which refers to the marked incongruence that exists between the gender that is felt or expressed and the one assigned at birth. The discomfort generated by the incongruity can cause gender affirmation to be requested through hormonal treatment or surgical sex reassignment, which is expected to disappear such discomfort. However, not all people with gender incongruence manifest discomfort and when the discomfort exists it is not always of psychopathological characteristics (dysphoria), which for some authors represents gender affirmation for aesthetic purposes (correct the incongruity). There are reports of increased medical care for transgender people who request somatic transition, but in Mexico there are no standardized protocols for their care; it is only recommended to promote access to hormonal treatment and mental health services to transgender people who request it. The eventual inclusion of surgical management in the Mexican guidelines will require clarity of concepts and unification of criteria to select the cases that should enter the health system for treatment, which is why health personnel must be prepared to identify those who can benefit from the somatic transition. The presence of dysphoria and psychiatric comorbidity may be key elements when the evaluation is carried out.

A RARE CASE OF UNILATERAL TRANSIENT MYDRIASIS AFTER BOTULINUM TOXIN INJECTION FOR COSMETIC PROCEDURE

Introduction: Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) was first used for the aesthetic purposes in 1990 to reduce wrinkles caused by facial muscle. Its effect starts 3 to 4 days after application and lasts for 4 to 6 months. All the medical doctors, from plastic surgeons to dermatologists can administer botulinum toxin A injection effectively and safely. Ophthalmologists are also performing this procedure for blepharospasm. Case Report: A 35 year old female present to emergency department with complain of sudden onset of right eye blurred vision with tingling sensation of the right side of the face. Patient has been injected with BTX-A for a cosmetic procedure about a 2 weeks ago. On presentation, her right pupil measured 9 mm and was fixed, with no direct or consensual response to light, and her left pupil was 3 mm and had a normal light response. CT brain and cranial MRI revealed no optic nerve or cerebral dysfunction. Patient was counselled that the mydriasis would not be permanent. In follow up after 10 days her mydriasis was improved. Discussion: Botulinum neurotoxins inhibit the release of acetylcholine and act primarily at the peripheral cholinergic synapses. These agents act at the neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle, causing transient muscle paresis. Botulinum toxins could therefore cause pupil dilatation by uptake into the parasympathetic neurons at the level of the ciliary ganglion or the parasympathetic neuromuscular junctions in the sphincter pupillae of the iris. Conclusion: Before botulinum injection for cosmetic purposes or to treat blepharospasm, patients should be warned about the possibility of developing toxin-induced ptosis and mydriasis.

Root coverage surgeries using modified tunneling technique of xenogenic collagen matrix versus autologous connective tissue graft as a treatment of Miller class II gingival recession (RCT study)

BackgroundRecently, there is increased demand for periodontal plastic surgery and development of new surgical approaches for aesthetic purposes. Gingival recession (GR) is the exposure of the root surfaces leading to esthetic problems, hypersensitivity, caries of the roots and teeth loss. Coronally advanced flap is considered a predictable treatment of GR but it needs a filler like subperiosteal connective tissue graft (CTG) which is considered as the gold standard treatment approach. The aim of the present study is to compare the clinical benefits and effectiveness of a xenogenic collagen matrix (mucoderm, botiss, dental, Berlin, Germany) to CTG for treatment of GR.ResultsRegarding clinical parameters, mean preoperative values for attached gingiva, probing depth, clinical attachment loss and gingival recession for group I were (1.8 ± 0.7 mm, 1.2 ± 0.3 mm, 6.6 ± 0.4 mm and 5.4 ± 0.2 mm) respectively. While mean postoperative values were (2.3 ± 0.9 mm, 1.1 ± 0.4 mm, 3.4 ± 0.5 mm and 2.7 ± 0.7 mm For group two preoperative mean values were (1.9 ± 0.3 mm, 1.1 ± 0.5 mm, 6.8 ± 0.5 mm and 5.4 ± 0.2 mm) respectively. While mean for postoperative values of attached gingiva, probing depth, clinical attachment loss and gingival recession for group tow were (2.5 ± 0.6 mm, 0.8 ± 0.3 mm, 3.7 ± 0.2 mm and 3.1 ± 0.3 mm) respectively All of the clinical parameters measured showed a significant difference between pre ad postoperative measurements while there was no significant differences between the two groups (test and control group). Regarding the patients satisfaction the percentage was greater in test group but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn general, all of the parameters measured showed a significant difference between pre and postoperative measurements for each group but there is no significant difference between the two groups using (two treatment approaches. Both treatment procedures are considered efficient in increasing zone of attached gingiva and decreasing its clinical attachment loss. Mucoderm is considered as an efficient alternative to CTG for treatment of gingival recession.

Electroplated Rhodium as a Functional Adhesion Layer

Electroplated Rhodium is deposited in thin films used for aesthetic purposes in the mass manufacturing of jewelry and functional coatings on optical fibers, spark plugs, and thermocouples. Our interest in electroplating rhodium is creating a functional adhesion layer. In this work we vary electroplating conditions to maximize adhesion onto semiconductor material substrates such as silicon. We target pull strength as our desired metric for comparing adhesion of rhodium thin films while varying electroplating deposition conditions. These variables include cleaning of substrates, activation, pulse plating, DC plating, metal thickness, and annealing. These results could be applied to the mass manufacturing of electroplated rhodium targeting optics, microelectronics, and printed circuit boards where adhesion is critical to functionality, as well as other possible industries. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC., a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525 SAND2022-10340A

Automatic Demand Fish Feeder

Humans have kept fish for thousands of years for commercial, research, and aesthetic purposes. These fishes are kept in aquariums, ponds, and other containments and require regular feeding and care. Traditional feeding techniques involve manually dispensing the food at regular intervals, they must alsobe able to control all kinds of factors such as feeding, air pumps, light, and the pH value of water, which may affect the fish. Overall, it’s a labor-intensive process. This research aims to develop a simple prototype automatic fish feeder. The product is designed to simplify the process of feeding fish in aquariums or fish farms. The feeder is equipped with obstacle avoidance technology, allowing it to move around the aquarium and ensure equal feeding for all fish. Additionally, the feeder includes a pH sensor, constantly monitoring the water quality in the aquarium to ensure a healthy environment for the fish. This technology not only simplifies the feeding process but also helps to maintain the well-being of aquatic life