Aerobic Program Research Articles

Effectiveness of Early Versus Late Time-Restricted Eating Combined with Physical Activity in Overweight or Obese Women.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a dual approach involving time-restricted eating (TRE) at different times of the day combined with physical activity (PA) on functional capacity and metabolic health in overweight or obese women. Random allocation of sixty-one participants into four groups: early time-restricted eating plus physical activity (ETRE-PA, n = 15, 31.8 ± 10.76 years, 89.68 ± 13.40 kg, 33.5 ± 5.53 kg/m2), late time-restricted eating with physical activity (LTRE-PA, n = 15, 30.60 ± 7.94 years, 94.45 ± 15.36 kg, 34.37 ± 7.09 kg/m2), late time-restricted eating only (LTRE, n = 15, 27.93 ± 9.79 years, 88.32 ± 10.36 kg, 32.71 ± 5.15 kg/m2) and a control group (CG, n = 15, 36.25 ± 11.52 years, 89.01 ± 11.68 kg, 33.66 ± 6.18 kg/m2). The intervention lasted for 12 weeks in all groups. Both the ETRE-PA and LTRE-PA groups engaged in a rigorous combined aerobic and resistance-training program. Significant reductions in body weight and body mass index were observed in the ETRE-PA and LTRE-PA groups compared to the CG and LTRE groups post-intervention (p < 0.0005). Only the ETRE-PA group exhibited a significant decrease in fat mass (p = 0.02), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.01), and aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.002). Significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase levels were observed in the ETRE-PA (p = 0.004) and LTRE-PA (p = 0.02) groups. These two latter groups achieved higher performances in the 6-min walking test, bench press, 30-s squat, crunch test, vertical jump (p < 0.0005 for both), and leg extension (p < 0.02 for both) when compared to the LTRE and CG groups. The integration of TRE with PA leads to greater improvements in body composition, lipid profile, and physical performance, with no significant differences between the ETRE-PA and LTRE-PA approaches. This combined strategy offers a promising solution for overweight and obese women.

Effect of Caloric Restriction and Aerobic Exercise on Premenstrual Syndrome, Anthropometric, and Hormonal Parameters in Obese Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms in women. Obesity may worsen PMS, but the impact of caloric restriction and aerobic exercise on PMS in obese women is unclear. This study examines their effects on PMS, anthropometric, and hormonal parameters in obese females. This randomized controlled trial involved 40 obese females with PMS. They were randomly divided into two groups of 20 each. The control group (A) received medical treatment in the form of Brufen 400mg: one tablet daily for 5days before menstruation and two tablets daily during menstruation for 12weeks. The study group (B) received the same medical treatment and additionally engaged in a program of caloric restriction and aerobic exercise for 12weeks. Outcome measures included the premenstrual syndrome scale (PMSS), weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, waist-hip (W/H) ratio, and serum levels of progesterone and cortisol. At baseline, no significant between-group differences were observed in PMSS scores, anthropometric measures (weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, W/H ratio), or hormonal parameters (serum cortisol and progesterone). Post-treatment, the study group (B) demonstrated significantly greater improvements compared to the control group (A), including reductions in PMSS scores, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, W/H ratio, and serum cortisol, along with significantly higher serum progesterone levels (p<0.05). A 12-week program of caloric restriction and aerobic exercise resulted in substantial improvements in PMS symptoms, anthropometric parameters, cortisol levels, and progesterone levels in obese females with PMS.

Treatment with combined exercise in patients with resistant major depression (TRACE-RMD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundAround 40% of people with major depressive disorder (MDD) experience moderate remission, with the remainder meeting the criteria for resistant major depression (RMD). It has been shown that exercise has a low-to-moderate effect on MDD, but there is a lack of evidence on exercise interventions in RMD patients. The primary purpose of the proposed study will be to investigate the effect of a 12-week supervised combined exercise program on depressive symptoms in people with RMD compared to a treatment-as-usual (TAU) group.MethodThis randomised, single-blind, controlled experimental trial will include 70 adults (≥ 18 years old) with RMD. Participants randomised to an exercise intervention, or a TAU group will be assessed at baseline and after a three-month intervention period. The primary variable will be participants’ depressive symptoms measured with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Secondary outcome variables will include cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake through peak cardiopulmonary exercise test), body composition (bioimpedance and anthropometric variables), physical activity level (the International Physical Activity Questionnaire), health-related quality of life (the Short Form-36 Health Survey), functional outcome (the Sheehan Disability Scale and Quality of Life in Depression Scale), overall disease severity (the Clinical Global Impression Scale-Severity of Illness), and biochemical variables (a fasting blood sample).DiscussionThis study will try to answer whether a supervised co-adjuvant combined (aerobic and resistance training) exercise program will help the prognosis of this population with RMD.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05136027. Last public release on 12/13/2023.

Physical training of young kickboxers by means of recreational physical culture

Importance. Physical training in striking types of combat sports is the main task on which the skill of the athlete is based. At the stage of initial training of young kickboxers, the greatest attention is paid to increasing the level of general physical fitness, i.e. all physical qualities of the athlete are actively developed. The possibility of using various programs, technologies and fitness means in the training process of athletes of different sports is proved by many scientific studies. The implementation of fitness means in the training process of kickboxers of 11–12 years old will promote the harmonious development of all physical qualities, will increase the interest of young athletes to the classes. The aim of the study is to identify effective means of physical training of 11–12 year old kickboxers.Materials and Methods. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the research topic, pedagogical observations of the training process of young kickboxers, the method of control tests, an instrumental method (measuring the reaction to a moving object), a comparative pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics.Results and Discussion. The effect of the fitness introduction tools into the training process is expressed in significantly higher increases in the results of control tests to assess the general and special physical fitness of kickboxer athletes aged 11–12 years. The place of rhythmic gymnastics complexes and Kibo-aerobics combinations based on kickboxing technical exercises in the structure of training sessions for young kickboxers at the initial training stage has been determined.Conclusion. The effectiveness of rhythmic gymnastics and aerobic programs based on martial arts in the training process of kickboxers aged 11–12 years has been proven

Preliminary Effectiveness of a Simultaneous, Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training Telerehabilitation Program in Subjective Cognitive Decline. The Exergames Study

Preliminary Effectiveness of a Simultaneous, Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training Telerehabilitation Program in Subjective Cognitive Decline. The Exergames Study

Does Higher Compliance With American College of Sports Medicine Exercise Prescription Guidelines Influence Exercise Outcomes in Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

We wanted to determine if higher compliance with American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) exercise prescription guidelines influences exercise outcomes in knee osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a systematic review. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Embase up to January 4, 2024, for randomized controlled trials evaluating resistance and/or aerobic exercise for knee OA. Interventions were classified as higher compliance (meeting ≥60% of ACSM guideline recommendations for frequency, intensity, and duration) or lower compliance (meeting <60% of recommendations). Effects on pain and function were evaluated via meta-analysis, stratified by compliance. Twenty-five trials (3,290 participants) evaluated combined resistance and aerobic programs, with no differences in outcomes between those with higher and lower compliance (standardized mean difference [SMD] pain: -0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.59 to -0.17] vs -0.31 [95% CI -0.45 to -0.16], respectively; SMD function: -0.43 [95% CI -0.64 to -0.21] vs -0.36 [95% CI -0.58 to -0.14]). Sixty-six trials (5,231 participants) evaluated resistance exercise, with no differences between interventions with higher and lower compliance (SMD pain: -0.60 [95% CI -0.81 to -0.39] vs -0.93 [95% CI -1.27 to -0.59]; SMD function: -0.64 [95% CI -0.83 to -0.44] vs -0.85 [95% CI -1.20 to -0.49]). Twelve trials (958 participants) evaluated aerobic exercise, with no differences between interventions with higher and lower compliance (SMD pain: -0.79 [95% CI -1.20 to -0.38] vs -1.00 [95% CI -2.52 to 0.53]; SMD function: -0.83 [95% CI -1.27 to -0.38] vs -0.76 [95% CI -2.02 to 0.50]). Higher or lower compliance with ACSM exercise prescription guidelines did not influence exercise outcomes. Given there was substantial heterogeneity and many publications were at risk of bias, our results should be interpreted with caution.

Effects of aerobic training on brain architecture, hippocampal volume, cardiorespiratory parameters, and health-related quality of life among patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review.

Schizophrenia is considered to be a condition that usually manifests at any age but commonly seen in young people and is associated with a genetic propensity in brain development. The study explores the impact of aerobic training on brain architecture, hippocampal volume, cardiorespiratory parameters, and quality of life in young individuals with schizophrenia. The investigation focuses on the correlation between genetic predisposition, hippocampal atrophy, and diminished cardiorespiratory fitness, aiming to discern potential benefits of aerobic exercise on both physical and mental health outcomes. A systematic search was conducted in major online databases, such as Cochrane, Embase, PEDro, Web of science and PubMed (Medline). Two authors independently evaluated possibilities of bias, retrieved data and decided which trials should be included in the analysis. Total of 13 published articles (randomized clinical and controlled trials) with 656 patients was included from January 2010 to December 2020. Following aerobic exercise training, people with schizophrenia presented with an increased hippocampus volume and enhanced cardiorespiratory endurance (P ˂0.05). Due to a lack of information, we rated the majority of the studies' risk of bias in relation to random sequence creation, allocation concealment, and selective reporting as uncertain. Findings from the present review propose aerobic exercise program as a meaningful therapeutic intervention for schizophrenia patients in terms of maintaining appropriate brain architecture, increasing the hippocampal volume, improving cardiorespiratory parameters and health related quality of life.

The impact of exercise interventions on sleep in adult populations with depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress: review of the current evidence and future directions.

Consistent evidence suggests that exercise leads to improvements in subjective sleep quality and also objective sleep metrics in non-psychiatric adult populations. However, the degree to which exercise provides sleep benefits for adults with psychiatric disorders is less known, despite the potential benefits given that sleep disturbance is prevalent in these populations. In this narrative review, we synthesize results of randomized controlled trials examining the influence of aerobic and/or resistance exercise interventions on sleep outcomes in adult psychiatric populations. We specifically focus on populations with elevated symptoms or diagnoses of depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder. A systematic search through June 2024 yielded 26 relevant trials. Overall, most trials reported improvement of subjective sleep quality after aerobic and/or resistance exercise programs in samples with depression. Similar effects were observed for posttraumatic stress; however, larger trials are needed. Further research is needed to examine the impact of exercise on sleep in anxiety populations as only one trial with mixed results was identified. Results were more equivocal for the subpopulation of adult women with perinatal or postpartum depression, demonstrating the importance of understanding exercise effects on sleep in specific subpopulations. Few studies examined objective sleep outcomes, impact of acute exercise on next day sleep, or the interplay between exercise, sleep, and psychiatric symptom changes, all important areas of future research. Other implications and future directions are discussed, including potential moderators and mechanisms of action that warrant further study to better understand how exercise interventions may optimally target sleep in psychiatric populations.

Exercise and footwear in medial knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial comparing flat flexible footwear to stable supportive shoes.

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated whether adding daily use of flat flexible footwear (FFF) to a strengthening and aerobic exercise program improved short- and longer-term outcomes compared with adding stable supportive shoes (SSS) in people with medial tibiofemoral OA. Participants (n = 97) with medial tibiofemoral OA were randomly assigned (1:1) to the FFF (n = 50) or SSS (n = 47) group. Participants in both groups received a 9-month intervention (3 months supervised followed by 6 months unsupervised exercise). The primary outcome was the change in knee pain on walking at 3 months measured using an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcomes included the change from baseline to 3 and 9 months in the severity of knee pain overall (NRS), physical function (WOMAC subscale), habitual physical activity level (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly), quality of life (QoL) (European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions 5-Levels questionnaire) and markers of inflammation (effusion and Hoffa synovitis) and structural disease progression (bone marrow lesions). There were no significant differences between the groups in the change in pain on walking [between-group difference -0.67 (95% CI -1.62, 0.29)] at 3 months. Knee pain on walking and overall knee pain significantly decreased in both groups at 3 and 9 months. Physical function and QoL improved in both groups at 3 and 9 months. We found no between-group differences in any secondary outcome at any time. FFF added to exercise therapy did not provide additional better symptom nor structure-modification benefit compared with conventional SSS and exercise in people with medial tibiofemoral OA. ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov), NCT03796832.

Evaluating Biomarkers of Bone Health After an 8-Week Walking Program in Non-Ambulatory Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Study.

Background/Objectives: Stroke survivors have a significantly increased likelihood of developing osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones as well as an elevated risk of bone fractures. However, previous studies on exercise intervention have mostly been on stroke survivors who are able to walk. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of walking exercise on bone health in non-ambulatory stroke survivors. Methods: This pre- and post-test study enrolled a group of chronic non-ambulatory stroke survivors. They were instructed to complete an 8-week aerobic walking exercise program, three sessions per week. Serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OC) and carboxy-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (ICTP) were evaluated at baseline and after completing the walking exercise program. In addition, we assessed the ambulation capacity and balance control using the functional ambulation category (FAC) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS), respectively. Results: A total of 9 out of 10 non-ambulatory stroke survivors who were recruited completed the intervention. The serum concentration of OC significantly increased from 8.51 ± 2.28 ng/mL to 9.39 ± 2.97 ng/mL (p < 0.10). The serum concentration of ICTP significantly increased from 4.45 ± 2.58 ng/mL to 5.31 ± 2.92 ng/mL (p < 0.10). Both FAC and BBS scores significantly improved from 1.0 ± 0 to 1.33 ± 0.5 (p < 0.1) and from 7.22 ± 10.02 to 15.78 ± 14.81 (p < 0.01), respectively. Conclusions: The findings of this pilot study suggest that walking exercise may improve bone health by initiating a bone remodeling process in chronic non-ambulatory stroke survivors.

8주간 유산소운동이 여고생의 신체구성과 정신건강에 미치는 영향

Objectives This study aims to investigate the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise program on the body composition and mental health of high school girls. Methods To achieve the purpose of the study, a total of 35 high school girls participated, with 17 assigned to the exercise group and 18 to the control group through random allocation. The exercise group performed aerobic exercise three times a week for 60 minutes each session over an 8-week period, while the control group maintained their usual daily activities during the same period. Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted using the SPSS 23 statistical program to examine the differences between the groups, and the significance level was set at .05. Results The exercise group showed a statistically significant decrease in body fat percentage (p=.001) and a statistically significant improvement in mental health (p=.016). Conclusions Aerobic exercise positively impacts the body composition and mental health of high school girls, enhancing their overall well-being. It not only brings about physical changes but also helps to improve emotional stability. Therefore, in order to improve the health and quality of life of high school girls, various aerobic exercise programs are developed, and customized designs are needed considering interest and persistence. Such programs comprehensively support the physical and mental health of adolescents and contribute to building a healthier society in the long term.

Effects of a 12-week aerobic dance programme on diastolic blood pressure in stage one hypertensive adults

Hypertension which impacts over 1.5 billion people globally is a crucial health challenge accountable for more than 10.8 million early deaths yearly. Our study used an experimental design to investigate the effects of aerobic dance programme on diastolic blood pressure levels in stage one hypertensive adults over a 12-week period. The study participants were randomly allocated into either the experimental or control groups. Diastolic blood pressure measurements were collected using a mercury sphygmomanometer at baseline and post programme. The 12-week aerobic dance programme entailed three 45-minute sessions per week, at a moderate intensity. The paired samples t-test was used to compare mean differences within the groups with the significance level set at P

8068 Beneficial Effects of a Personalized Exercise Program for Patients with Cushing's Disease and Acromegaly After Biochemical Control

Abstract Disclosure: E. Valassi: None. L. Martel-Duguech: None. H. Bascuñana: None. V. Priego-Corredor: None. J. Viñals-Ribé: None. O. González-Viñuela: None. T. Caparrós-Pons: None. S.M. Webb: None. Background: Patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) in remission and controlled acromegaly (ACRO) present with residual metabolic derangements, muscle dysfunction, and poor quality of life (QoL). Although exercise is known to exert positive effects on psychophysical health in several conditions, evidence demonstrating its potential benefits in pituitary diseases is scanty. Main hypothesis: A personalized program of combined (aerobic and resistance training) exercise lasting 12 weeks improves cardiometabolic parameters, body composition, physical performance and QoL in patients with CD in remission and controlled ACRO. Methodology: Ten female patients with CD in remission [mean (±SD) age, 59±4 years, mean (±SD) BMI, 35±2 Kg/m2, median (IQR) duration of remission, 5(4) years] and 10 male patients with controlled ACRO [mean (±SD) age, 53±9 years, mean (±SD) BMI, 27±4 Kg/m2, median (IQR) duration of control, 6(3) years] underwent a 12-week, structured, personalized program of combined aerobic and resistance exercise, under the supervision of professional trainers. We evaluated the following parameters at baseline and within 72 hours after the completion of the exercise program: blood pressure (BP), BMI, waist and neck circumferences; physical performance (gait speed, hand grip strength, 30-Second Chair Stand; Timed “Up and Go”); lumbar and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition, using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); muscle thickness (cm) at the middle and distal third of rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) on both sides, using muscle ultrasound scans in the transverse plane (Philips Affiniti 70; The Netherlands); quality of life (QoL), using the questionnaires CushingQoL in CD patients and AcroQoL in ACRO patients. Major results: After completion of the exercise program, CD patients had lower diastolic BP and waist circumference as compared with baseline (p&amp;lt;0.05). Physical performance globally improved (p&amp;lt;0.01 for all function tests). Femoral BMD was higher, percentage of lean mass increased while trunk fat decreased (p&amp;lt;0.01). RF and VI muscle thickness was greater at both the middle and distal third on the right side (p&amp;lt;0.01), and at the distal third on the left as compared with baseline (p&amp;lt;0.05). ACRO patients had a lower systolic BP as compared with baseline. Gait speed and hand grip strength increased while performance on the 30-Second Chair Stand improved (p&amp;lt;0.05). Muscle thickness at the middle third of the right RF was greater as compared with baseline (p&amp;lt;0.05). QoL was unchanged in both CS and ACRO patients at the end of the program. Conclusions: A customized exercise program promotes beneficial cardiometabolic and muscle changes in patients with CD and ACRO and, therefore, should be offered in a specialized pituitary clinic, within an integrated multidisciplinary team approach. Study financed by ISCIII research project number FIS PI21/01223 Presentation: 6/1/2024

Aerobic exercise effects on systolic blood pressure and endothelial inflammation in obese and non-obese elderly women with isolated systolic hypertension.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 16-week aerobic exercise program on systolic blood pressure, intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein of obese and nonobese elderly women with isolated systolic hypertension. Elderly women aged 70-85 years were recruited and grouped into the normal isolated systolic hypertension ( n = 12) and obese isolated systolic hypertension groups ( n = 13). The participants followed an aerobic exercise program, using a wireless heart rate monitor to maintain an appropriate heart rate reserve based on the American College of Sports Medicine exercise guidelines. The two-way repeated measures analysis of variance tested group × time interaction. Pearson's correlation and simple regression assessed the influence of each variable, which showed significant differences. An interaction effect for systolic blood pressure, intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( P < 0.05) and a main time effect for oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( P < 0.05) were observed. A correlation between the rates of change in systolic blood pressure and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( P < 0.05) with a 42.8% influence ( P < 0.001) and in intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( P < 0.05) with a 21.6% influence ( P < 0.05) was observed. These findings collectively showed that the 16-week aerobic exercise program effectively lowered blood pressure in patients with isolated systolic hypertension, particularly in the normal group compared to the obese group. Thus, regular aerobic exercise for 16 weeks or more enhances vascular health, potentially improving the healthy life expectancy of elderly women.

Synergistic Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Moringa Oleifera Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Metabolic Health in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The action of aerobic exercise and Moringa Oleifera supplementation on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been individually documented, but their combination remains unclear. This study evaluates the synergistic effects of a 12-week aerobic exercise program and Moringa supplementation on metabolic and inflammatory markers in T2DM patients. Methods: A total of 120 T2DM patients were randomly assigned to four groups: control, aerobic exercise, moringa supplementation (250mg/kg/day), and a combination. BMI, blood glucose, serum insulin, serum C-peptide, renal function tests, HbA1c, adiponectin, IL-6, and lipid profile, were assessed before and after the intervention. Blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. Results: All intervention groups showed significant improvements in HbA1c levels compared to the control group, with the combination group demonstrating the greatest reduction. Blood glucose levels decreased significantly in the exercise and combination groups, with the aerobic exercise group outperforming moringa alone. Serum insulin levels significantly decreased in the moringa and combination groups, while serum C-peptide levels decreased in all groups. Lipid profile improvements were noted in all intervention groups, with the combination treatment showing superior results in reducing total cholesterol and BMI. Both adiponectin levels increased and IL-6 levels decreased significantly in all intervention groups, particularly in the combination group. Renal function tests showed no adverse changes, with a significant reduction in BUN levels observed only in the combination group. Conclusion: The combination of aerobic exercise and moringa supplementation provides a synergistic therapeutic effect, significantly improving glycemic control, lipid profile, adiponectin levels in T2DM patients.

Testing home-based exercise strategies in underserved minority cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (THRIVE) trial: a study protocol.

Higher rates of physical inactivity and comorbid conditions are reported in Hispanic/Latinx and Black cancer patients receiving chemotherapy compared to their White counterparts. Despite the beneficial effect of exercise training for cancer patients, rates of participation in exercise oncology clinical trials are low among disadvantaged and racial and ethnic minority groups. Here, we will examine the effect of an exercise intervention using a novel, accessible, and cost-effective home-based exercise approach among Hispanic/Latinx and Black cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on exercise participation and cardiovascular disease risk. The THRIVE trial is an 8-month prospective, three-arm study of 45 patients who are randomized in a 1:1:1 fashion to a supervised exercise intervention (SUP), unsupervised exercise (UNSUP), or an attention control (AC) group. Eligible patients include those with breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer, who are sedentary, overweight or obese, self-identify as Hispanic/Latinx or Black, and plan to receive chemotherapy. Patients randomized to the SUP group participate in a home-based 16-week periodized aerobic and resistance exercise program performed three days per week, supervised through video conference technology. Patients randomized to the UNSUP group participate in an unsupervised 16-week, telehealth-based, periodized aerobic and resistance exercise program performed three days per week using the same exercise prescription parameters as the SUP group. Patients randomized to the AC group receive a 16-week home-based stretching program. The primary outcome is changes in minutes of physical activity assessed by 7-day accelerometry at post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include cardiovascular risk factors, patient-reported outcomes, and physical function. Outcome measures are tested at baseline, post-intervention at month 4, and after a non-intervention follow-up period at month 8. The THRIVE trial is the first study to employ a novel and potentially achievable exercise intervention for a minority population receiving chemotherapy. In addition, this study utilizes an intervention approach to investigate the biological and behavioral mechanisms underlying exercise participation in these cancer patients. Results will guide and inform large randomized controlled trials to test the effect of home-based exercise on treatment outcomes and comorbid disease risk in minority patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05327452, identifier (NCT#05327452).

Synergistic Role of Aerobic Training and Resveratrol on AMPK/PGC1-α/SIRT1 Pathway in the Hippocampus of Rats with Alzheimer's Disease

Background: Alzheimer's disease symptoms indicate that increased Aβ leads to central nervous system dysfunction. Exercise reduces Aβ deposition through the AMPK signaling pathway. Additionally, resveratrol (RSV) has neuroprotective effects related to cognitive decline. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of aerobic training and RSV on the AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 pathway in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's rats. Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Normal (NO), Alzheimer's (AD), Alzheimer's-training (ADT), Alzheimer's-resveratrol (ADRSV), and Alzheimer's-training-resveratrol (ADTRSV). The supplement groups received 20 mg of RSV (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period. The aerobic exercise program, which included running on a treadmill at speeds of 6 - 18 meters per minute, was performed 5 days a week for eight weeks. Results: Alzheimer's induction caused a significant decrease in the expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 (P = 0.0001). Exercise and RSV significantly increased the expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 in AD rats (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, significant increases in the expression of AMPK, PGC-1α, and SIRT1 were observed in the ADTRSV group compared to the ADT group (P = 0.034, P = 0.020, and P = 0.038, respectively) and ADRSV (P = 0.026, P = 0.021, and P = 0.021). Conclusions: AD induction was associated with decreased AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 expression. Aerobic exercise and RSV consumption can reverse this decrease. Given the crucial role of this signaling pathway in hippocampal function, alterations in these indicators following physical activity and RSV use may partially mitigate Alzheimer's disease complications.

Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerde Fiziksel Aktivitenin Çok Yönlü Boyutlarının İncelenmesi

At the stage of supporting students with special abilities in physical activities, those who learn in a more kinesthetic way can demonstrate high-level abilities with the potential to do so through education and/or tactile learning. Students with special abilities exhibit excellent characteristics in one or more of the following areas when examined by the physical activity dimension. Physical area: physiological predisposition to succeed in a particular sport or activity; competence and fitness to perform physical activities, has a strong awareness of his body. Social area: Excellent in leadership, teamwork, initiative and similar characteristics; willingness to share the enthusiasm and passions of others, has self-confidence in showing his talent. Personal space: Enthusiastic and passionate, high self-regulation capacity, self-discipline, strong time management skills, high self-belief, goal-oriented, challenging, excellent inner front group owner, highly motivated to achieve personal best and skillful in mastering skills. Cognitive area: Planning ability is at a high level, understands and has knowledge of physical / sports-related concepts, has the ability to make decisions under pressure. Field of creativity: Gives fluent, original and sensitive responses to difficulties. The skills that students with special abilities exhibit in the field of sports talent are as follows: Having more advanced agility, balance and coordination than their peers. Being fast, which is an innate characteristic and usually distinguishes "exceptional" athletes. The ability to combine his movements fluidly, Decently and accurately. An unusual interest in learning sports rules or activities and mastery in this area. A high level of willingness to master physical skills. Applying the combination of physical skills and cognitive abilities in the right way at the right time in sports/game/activity skills. An interest in teaching a skill or concept to others. Outstanding leadership qualities in the context of sports or activity. Special talented people not only take pride in performing well, they actively engage with others and help peers and teammates to play well. In order to support students with special abilities in physical activities; regular physical education activities, regular aerobic programs, supports with smart boards or similar interactive technological equipment, interactive sports and games, nature trips with active participation, opportunities to teach physical skills to others, adding multi-media resources (such as computers, videos, software programs, presentations, visuals) can be useful in practitioners' programs (teacher presentations and student presentations). Key Words: Special Ability, Special Ability Students, Physical Activity

Effectiveness of a game-based high-intensity interval training on executive function and other health indicators of children with ADHD: A three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial

Background/ObjectiveChildren with ADHD demand for effective intervention with minimum side effect to improve executive function (EF) and health well-being. MethodThis study used a three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial to test the effects of two different kinds of 8-week game-based training programs (game-based HIIT program, GameHIIT; and game-based structured aerobic exercise program, GameSAE) on EF and other health indicators of children with ADHD, which was compared with a non-treatment control group. ResultsA total of 49 children with ADHD completed the program. Analyses of EF tests and parental survey indicated that (i) there is no significant intragroup difference among all measures between pre-/post-intervention tests for two game-based intervention groups. The only significant intergroup difference was observed in self-monitor score of parent-reported child's EF between GameSAE group and the control (large effect). Similarly, cerebral hemodynamic responses also found no significant group effect for all EF tests. However, the time effects were observed in several channels in the GameHIIT group in two EF tests (Color Words Stroop Test and Tower of London Test). No significant change of participants' overall ADHD symptoms was found in the pre-/post-tests for three groups. Nonetheless, further analyses revealed that both of two game-based training programs exhibited the significant positive effects on child's PA levels and the large effects on levels of physical fitness, when they were compared to the control. ConclusionBy this study, a significant enhancement in physical fitness and PA levels were found in both game-based PA interventions when they were compared with control group. However, the effectiveness of game-based PA interventions on improving EF or reducing ADHD symptoms remains unclear. This implies that a larger intervention dosage or a tailored intervention design may be warranted to improve the EF of children with ADHD.

Effect of aerobic exercise program on neuropathic pain and quality of life in person with paraplegia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundIndividuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) often suffer from neuropathic pain which is often disabling and negatively affects function, participation, and quality of life (QoL). Pharmacological treatments lack efficacy in neuropathic pain reduction hence studying alternatives to drug treatment is necessary. Preclinical evidence of various aerobic exercises has shown positive effects on neuropathic pain but scientific studies investigating its effect in the SCI human population are limited.MethodologyThis study is a double-blind, parallel, two-group, randomized controlled trial with an interventional study design that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise program on neuropathic pain and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with chronic paraplegia. Thirty individuals with chronic paraplegia with the neurological level of injury from T2 to L2 will be recruited from the rehabilitation department at a super specialty hospital based on the inclusion criteria. Using a 1:1 allocation ratio, the participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. The intervention group will perform high-intensity interval training (HIIT) aerobic exercise using an arm ergometer based on their peak heart rate, and the control group will perform free-hand arm aerobic exercise. In both groups, the intervention will be delivered as 30-min sessions, four times a week for 6 weeks.Outcome measuresInternational Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set Version 3.0 will be used for diagnosing and assessing neuropathic pain and its interference with day-to-day activities, mood, and sleep. The International Spinal Cord Society (ISCoS) QoL basic data set will be used to assess QoL, and 6-min push test distance will be used to assess peak heart rate and aerobic capacity.DiscussionThe effectiveness of the aerobic exercise program will be assessed based on the changes in neuropathic pain score and its interference with day-to-day activities, mood, sleep, QoL, and aerobic capacity after 3 weeks mid-intervention and after 6 weeks post-intervention. The trial will provide new knowledge about the effectiveness of the aerobic exercise program in improving neuropathic pain and QoL in individuals with chronic paraplegia.Trial registrationClinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2023/08/056257. Registered on 8 August 2023.