Advocacy Articles Research Articles

It Is Leadership, but (Maybe) Not as You Know It: Advocating for a Diversity Paradigm in Sports Leadership and Beyond.

The need to 'rethink leadership' is on the radar of many, from global finance and auditing organisations (e.g., Deloitte) and global sports organisations (e.g., the International Olympic Committee) to national and local sports organisations concerned about the decreasing numbers of participants or the lack of women coaches. Yet, is the dominant Western leadership orthodoxy fit for purpose in the 21st century? The purpose of this article is two-fold. First, to advocate for ways of 'rethinking leadership' that challenge the current dominant ethnocentric, gender-biased, leader-centric orthodoxy. Second, to introduce an expanded global and diverse leadership paradigm that is underpinned by clearly delineated dimensions of diversity and cultural competence, which recognises the importance of the organisational and cultural contexts. The literature discussed in this article draws from leadership studies generally and sports leadership and sports coaching more specifically. Key to this article is the discussion of the implications of adopting a diverse leadership paradigm for policy, practice, development, and research of leadership. This advocacy article does not end with a definitive conclusion but rather with an invitation to participate in a journey to realise the potential of diverse leadership.

The European Green Deal and nephrology: a call for action by the European Kidney Health Alliance.

The world faces a dramatic man-made ecologic disaster and healthcare is a crucial part of this problem. Compared with other therapeutic areas, nephrology care, and especially dialysis, creates an excessive burden via water consumption, greenhouse gas emission and waste production. In this advocacy article from the European Kidney Health Alliance we describe the mutual impact of climate change on kidney health and kidney care on ecology. We propose an array of measures as potential solutions related to the prevention of kidney disease, kidney transplantation and green dialysis. For dialysis, several proactive suggestions are made, especially by lowering water consumption, implementing energy-neutral policies, waste triage and recycling of materials. These include original proposals such as dialysate regeneration, dialysate flow reduction, water distillation systems for dialysate production, heat pumps for unit climatization, heat exchangers for dialysate warming, biodegradable and bio-based polymers, alternative power sources, repurposing of plastic waste (e.g. incorporation in concrete), registration systems of ecologic burden and platforms to exchange ecologic best practices. We also discuss how the European Green Deal offers real potential for supporting and galvanizing these urgent environmental changes. Finally, we formulate recommendations to professionals, manufacturers, providers and policymakers on how this correction can be achieved.

Revisiting the Importance of Open Access, Open Source, and Open Standards for Libraries

ABSTRACT Over a decade and a half ago, I wrote an advocacy article entitled “The Importance of Open Access, Open Source, and Open Standards for Libraries.” I thought it would be interesting to revisit the article and see how much things have changed since that time. While open access, open source, and open standards continue to be important to libraries, looking back we can see that not everything is what I thought it would be.

Sexuality, sexual well being, and intimacy during COVID-19 pandemic: An advocacy perspective.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2, has emerged as a global public health threat. The implications are much beyond just health crisis, and it has long-lasting psychosocial and economic implications. Although the psychological offshoots such as depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and sleep disturbances are being studied in-depth, there is a dearth of literature on the sexual well-being and sexual practices during this pandemic. Considering the physical distancing; travel restrictions; the high human–human transmission rate; misinformation and uncertainty about the sexual routes of transmission for SARS-CoV-2; and fear about intimacy, sexuality, and safe sexual practices have increased significantly. This is more prominent in newly settled or distanced couples and the frontline health workers, with increased risk exposure to the virus. For them, guilt and distress associated with sexual relationships might increase primary psychiatric and sexual disorders. This, in turn, impacts relationships and emotional bonding in couples and affects healthy coping during the pandemic crisis. Although sexual abstinence is the safest practice to prevent transmission, it is not practically feasible in all cases. Risk reduction counseling, sex with quarantined partners, and digital sex are other options that are worth exploring. There are additional concerns of digital safety, unhealthy use of technology, cyber-crimes, and online extortion. Keeping this in the background, this advocacy article glances through the effects of past outbreaks on sexuality, reviews the current recommendations, and proposes methods and approaches for sexual well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is vital for overall public health.

The Lumad Struggle for Social and Environmental Justice: Alternative Media in a Socio-Environmental Movement in the Philippines

Abstract This study examines the role of alternative media in the socio-environmental movement for justice for the Lumad, the indigenous peoples of the southern Philippines, and the fight to protect the environment in the Philippines from extractive companies and mono-crop plantations. Using thematic textual analysis and framing analysis, the study analysed selected news articles, press releases and advocacy articles from bulatlat.com and civil society group websites posted online from September to December 2015. Anchored on Downing’s theory of alternative media as social movement media and Fuchs’ theory of alternative media as critical media, the study reveals four categories of alternative media: (1) as giver of voice to the oppressed Lumad; (2) as social movement media used for social mobilisation; (3) as an alternative media outfit fulfilling a complementary role with the socio-environmental movement; and (4) as making social movements’ offline activism visible. It concluded that alternative media play a vital role in socio-environmental movements and the continuing challenge to mitigate the climate crisis.

Evidence-Based Management: Foundations, Development, Controversies and Future

We review the recent development of evidence-based management (EBMgt), tracing its origins to longstanding gaps between research and practice, discrepant findings across studies, and the emergence of evidence-based medicine (EBMed). We provide a definition of EBMgt and review four foundational articles advocating its use. We then review categories of articles that comprise the EBMgt canon: advocacy articles, essays or perspectives, teaching-related, empirical, reviews, and critiques and responses. Critiques include political, epistemological, and methodological issues directly pertinent to EBMgt as well as broader concerns about the scholarly research base on which EBMgt depends. Our suggestions for future research emphasize, first and foremost, increasing the production of high-quality empirical studies in EBMgt. Topics of particular interest include research co-creation by academics and practitioners, process and outcome studies of EBMgt implementations, and practitioners’ use of evidence in their working environments. We also call for broader types of systematic reviews (SRs) than have generally been conducted in the organization sciences.

Media portrayal of psychosis in Sinhalese newspapers over two points (1986 and 2011) in time

Background Stigma affects patients with mental illness, their families and treatment providers. The way in which the media portray mental illness often propagates stigma. This area has not been studied in Sri Lanka. Aims To evaluate the coverage of mental illness (psychosis) in Sinhalese newspapers during two periods in time. Methods Relevant articles were identified using pre-identified search terms from two major daily Sinhalese newspapers published over 8 weeks in 1986 and 2011. Selected articles were categorised based on whether they were directly related to psychosis or used search terms as adjectives. The content of articles directly related to psychosis were analysed under six themes and rated for two key messages. Results Out of 180 articles identified, 99 were directly related to psychosis and 81 used the search terms as adjectives. There were only 9 medical news reports. Of the directly related articles, 27% discussed the theme of psychotic patients being dangerous and 21% discussed the causation of illness, mostly highlighting the environmental factors. While 32% articles discussed treatment, biological forms of treatment were rarely discussed. The only difference between the two periods was the reduction of advocacy articles in 2011. A limited number of articles discussed prevention or the importance of an exact diagnosis. Only 15% of articles carried the message that mental illness is treatable, while 56% of articles portrayed mental health negatively. Conclusion There was no evidence of improvement in reporting of psychosis in Sinhalese newspapers over the last 25 years. Addressing this would help in reducing stigma associated with psychiatric illness.

Newspaper Reports on BSE around the Time of the Japan-US Trade Conflicts: Content Analysis of Japanese and US Dailies from 2002 to 2006

Mass media can affect how people understand and react to particular health risks. Reporting of health risks during the international trade disputes, resulting from the difference in safety regulations, therefore can play a pivotal role in resolving them. This study compared the newspaper reports on BSE-related events in major national dailies between Japan and the US around the period when BSE-infected cattle were discovered in the US and the import of US beef products was banned (between December 2002 and November 2006). During the study period, the number of BSE-related newspaper articles increased in both the US and Japan, but the visibility of the issue was more prominent and persistent in Japan than in the US. Geographically, most of the articles had a domestic focus, but they also reported the news of each trade partner. After the discovery of BSE cattle in the US, articles of commerce and trade issues were dominant in Japan, while the incidence of BSE, agriculture, and trade dominated in the US. Overall, the US-based newspapers carried more advocacy articles than the Japanese ones. In Japan, calls for stronger domestic policy decreased, but those for stronger foreign policy increased slightly. Meanwhile, in the US, calls for a stronger domestic policy increased slightly whereas those for weaker foreign policy dropped-both only temporarily. The major rationale for policy advocacy was the economy and health in both Japan and the US. However, the balance of competing policy objectives and the rational acceptance of BSE risks were argued more in the US papers than in the Japanese ones. In conclusion, during the BSE-related dispute on health and trade, the visibility and faces of the issues in newspapers differed between Japan and the US. Acceptance of BSE-related risks was argued differently, and those differences reflected and affected the public's perception of BSE issues, the related safety policies by the governments, and the configuration of social interests in each country. The differences evident in the media could serve as a vehicle for reappraising the existing policies as well as the possible international harmonization of risk management policies.

Child maltreatment in Canada, 2013

Child maltreatment in Canada, 2013

The Impact of Neuroscience on Music Education Advocacy and Philosophy

This content analysis examines how philosophy and advocacy articles published between 2005 and 2010 were influenced by current neuroscience research. The contents of twelve journals were explored, resulting in the inclusion of forty-five articles in this analysis. Recently, there has been a growing interest in neuroscientific research on music. Articles were coded for latent content and emerging themes to determine if this interest has begun to be expressed in philosophy and advocacy writings. The educational implications and issues of using neuroscientific findings are addressed, and recommendations are offered for using future research for advocacy purposes.

Proving Anti-Competitive Conduct in the U.S. Courtroom: Economic Issues with the Courts' Opinions in Pickett v. Tyson Fresh Meats, Inc.

Four articles have been published in this Journal about the historic cattle trial, Pickett v Tyson Fresh Meats, Inc., in which Plaintiff cattlemen alleged that Tyson/IBP—the buyer—used captive (contracted) supplies of cattle to manipulate the cash market in violation of the 1921 Packers & Stockyards Act (PSA). The first article gave a Trial's eye view by David Domina who served as co-lead counsel representing Plaintiff cattlemen. Domina's article led to a published comment by Thomas Green who was the lead attorney representing Tyson during the Trial phase of lengthy legal proceedings. Green alleged that Domina's article was "littered with rank speculation and baseless opinion." Domina countered that "proof is not litter, and evidence is not rank speculation" and that Green's commentary was "abusive." The adversarial exchange between Domina and Green was followed by another advocacy article in which William Rosales maintained that Pickett "represents an opportunity for the judiciary to reform the meatpacking industry (and) awaken the (PSA's) intended power to dethrone the economic kings of the meatpacking industry."After a five week Trial in Federal Court, the Jury found Tyson/IBP guilty on all counts and assessed actual damages of $1.28 billion over 2/1994 -10/2002. Justice for Plaintiff cattlemen was short, as the Trial Judge set aside the Jury's verdict—a rare but not unprecedented legal action—and entered summary judgment for Tyson. The Eleventh Appellate Court subsequently sided with the Trial Judge. On March 24, 2006, the United States Supreme Court denied without comment Plaintiff's Petition to rehear the case, thus ending legal activities in Pickett v Tyson and effectively killing similar legal action pending against two other major beef packers, Excel (Cargill) and Swift (ConAgra).This article emphasizes three significant and troubling legal and economic issues from the historic litigation: (1) the Courts' narrow and extreme interpretation of the antitrust rule-of-reason; (2) the Courts' endorsement of a "meeting the competition" defense, and (3) whether the Courts inserted themselves above the Jury as fact-finders in the case, contrary to the 7th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that establishes the Jury as the only fact-finder in civil litigation.In essence Pickett was filed under the Packers and Stockyards Act, tried under Sherman and Clayton antitrust law, and overturned, in part, under the Robinson-Patman Act.

A Content Analysis of the CNHEO Journals for Policy and Advocacy Articles: 1991–2000

Advocacy and public policy were determined to be one of the six key focal points for the profession at the Health Education in the 21st Century meeting held in 1995. A content analysis of journals of the member organizations of the Coalition of National Health Education Organizations was conducted to discover whether there was a difference in the number of advocacy and policy initiative-related articles published between the 5-year periods immediately preceding and following this meeting. The titles and abstracts for all research articles and commentaries appearing in the American Journal of Health Education, the American Journal of Public Health, Journal of School Health, Health Educator, Health Education & Behavior, Health Promotion Practice, and the Journal of American College Health were examined using a 10-item descriptor code designed to measure advocacy and policy terminology. Intercoder reliability was 94%. Inference proportions analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the number of articles containing advocacy and policy related keywords (p < .05) between the two time periods for only the American Journal of Health Education and the Journal of School Health. A variety of suggestions for increasing the number of advocacy and policy publications is recommended.

Science or Propaganda? An Examination of Rind, Tromovitch and Bauserman (1998)

SUMMARY An article, “A Meta-analytic” Examination of Assumed Properties of Child Sexual Abuse Using College Samples, published in the July 1998 edition of the Psychological Bulletin resulted in an unprecedented amount of media attention and became the first scientific article to be formally denounced by the United States House of Representatives. The study's authors analyzed the findings of 59 earlier studies on child sexual abuse (CSA) and concluded that mental health researchers have greatly overstated CSA's harmful potential. They recommended that a willing encounter with positive reactions would no longer be considered to be sexual abuse; instead, it would simply be labeled adult-child sex. The study's conclusions and recommendations spawned a debate in both the popular and scholarly press. A number of commentators suggested that the study is pedophile propaganda masquerading as science. Others claimed that the authors are victims of a moralistic witch-hunt and that scientific freedom is being threatened. After a careful examination of the evidence, it is concluded that Rind et al. can best be described as an advocacy article that inappropriately uses science in an attempt to legitimize its findings.

Breaking Windows: Estimating Some Costs of Breaking up Microsoft Windows

Warning: This is not an academic paper, but a relatively short applied advocacy article for non economists. Because of the high level of interest in the topic, I thought it might be worthwhile to make it available on the Social Science Research Network Library. This article attempts to roughly estimate one of the costs of breaking Windows operating system into three components. It is found that developers are likely to incur extra costs of $30 billion over 3 years. Other papers related to the Case: Creating Competition in the Market for Operating Systems: Structural Remedy for by Thomas M. Lenard. Flawed Fragmentation Critique of Structural Remedies in the Case by Robert J. Levinson, R. Craig Romaine, and Steven C. Salop. A Fool's Paradise: The Windows World After a Forced Breakup of by Stan J. Liebowitz. Our database includes more than 20 other papers about the case. To find them, please use an abstract body search,. and enter Microsoft as the search term.

Psycho-social aspects of recovery from coronary heart disease: A review

The literature dealing with the psychological and social aspects of recovery from and rehabilitation to the acute onset of coronary heart disease (CHD) was reviewed. The papers published since an earlier review were placed into one of three categories: advocacy articles, generally describing psychological reactions of patients and advocating a particular treatment; clinical papers, dealing with impressionistic observations of the emotional state of patients and their spouses; empirical reports, exploring various scientific issues regarding social-psychological functioning. Research quality and quantity have increased greatly in the past eight years. There is little question that CHD results in the temporary disruption of normal psychological and social functioning. Long-lasting emotional distress, familial problems, and occupational maladjustment are observed in a significant minority of patients. Psychosocial counseling appears to facilitate and hasten rehabilitation. However, additional programmatic evaluation studies are required in order to assess which psycho-therapeutic procedures are essential and should be a routine part of treatment of acute CHD patients and their families.

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