Adverse Attitude Research Articles

Current analysis and strategy of nursing staffs′ adverse event report intention

Objective To probe into the current nuring staff′s adverse event report recognition and attitude, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to perfect the system of nursing adverse event report and provide evidence to enhance the intention of nurse′s report. Methods By convenient sampling method, a total of 460 nurses were selected to investigate the recognition and attitude of nurse reporting adverse event in one level three class A hospital in Beijing. Results The overall positive response rate of nursing staffs′ adverse event report recognition and attitude was 69.13%, and the overall score of adverse event report intention was (3.86±0.55), which was in the moderate and above level; in which the recognition acquired the highest score while the report execution intention was the lowest score. The age, education background, title, occupation and nursing work experience had positive correlation with the recognition and attitude of report (P<0.05). Department culture and punishment environment were the main influencing factors impacted on nursing staffs adverse event execution. Conclusions Nurses have positive recognition and attitudes toward adverse event report, but the report′s execution intention is low. The manager should build up a harmony and positive atmosphere in order to construct non-punishment report system for nursing staffs, train positive safety culture, utilize scientific management, and promote the adverse event report. Key words: Nursing staffs; Patient′s safety; Adverse event; Report intention

P6.046 Integration of STI Diagnostics and Treatment Programmes and HIV Prevention Programmes For Vulnerable Groups

Problem: Ukraine has the fastest HIV/STI spread rate in Europe (221 806 PLWH as of November 2012).Sexual HIV transmission mode has been dominant in Ukraine since 2008 (51% - sexual...

P6.022 Results of the Global Fund Programmes Implementation on STI Diagnostics and Treatment Within Most-At-Risk Populations in Ukraine

Problem: Ukraine has the fastest HIV spread pace in Europe (221 806 people as of November 2012).Sexual HIV transmission mode has been dominant in Ukraine since 2008 (51%–sexual, 28%–parenteral).HIV/STI epidemic...

Business in troubled waters: Does adverse attitude affect firm value?

This paper investigates the relationship between US MNCs' valuations and anti-Americanism in countries where MNCs' foreign subsidiaries are located. We find that MNCs suffer value-destruction when they enter markets where people express severe anti-Americanism. However, we uncover that geographic diversification into these high anti-Americanism countries significantly increases firm value if the MNC has high levels of intangibles such as technological know-how and marketing expertise. Our findings are consistent with the notion that the advantages from internalizing the cross-border transfer of intangibles are greater when barriers to competition are higher.

Attitudes of nursing professionals towards suicidal behavior: influence of emotional intelligence

To assess attitudes and the influence of emotional intelligence is the objective of this work. Nursing professionals answered a questionnaire that assessed the attitude towards suicide and emotional intelligence. The results show a general adverse attitude towards suicidal behavior. The moral dimension of suicide makes the differences between mental health and emergency professionals. Possessing a higher degree of mental health training and a high level of emotional intelligence is associated with a more positive attitude towards patients with suicidal behavior. The formation and development of emotional skills are essential for care delivery to patients with suicidal behavior.

Questionnaire for parents about understanding adverse drug reactions in children and attitude to receive propaganda and education

Objective:To investigate the situation of parents in understanding adverse drug reactions(ADRs) and attitude to receive propaganda and education in pediatrics,and analyse the influential factors for reporting ADRs by parents,so as to find the way to improve rate of reporting ADRs.Methods:The questionnaires were distributed to parents in four hospitals where pediatric patients were treated in Shanghai.Results: Totally 600 questionnaires were sent out,and 552 questionnaires responded(the rate of recovery was 92%).It was found that 52% parents could not correctly understand ADRs.It was the main reason why they did not report ADRs.87.8% of them were eager to learn knowledges about children's ADRs.They paid high attention to ADRs occurring in nervous and dermatological systems of children.Conclusion:It is obvious that the parents lack knowledge and understanding of children' ADRs,but their attitude to receive education is active.The training should be strengthened in the future.

An analysis of the key challenges to the widespread use of mediation in the Turkish construction industry

PurposeThe Turkish Ministry of Justice submitted the Draft Law on mediation in legal disputes, which was predicated on the European Council (EC) Directive on certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters, to the Turkish Parliament in June 2008. Contentious arguments have followed on the provisions of the Draft Law as well as on the overall applicability of mediation in Turkey. The purpose of this paper is to examine the context surrounding the new mediation phenomenon in order to identify the key challenges awaiting its widespread use in the Turkish construction industry.Design/methodology/approachTwo complementary approaches were adopted in this paper. First, an analysis of the most debated papers of the Draft Law is carried out to determine the potential problems associated with the legislation by making comparisons with the EC mediation directive and mediation laws in some of the member states. Second, a series of structured interviews are organized among the Turkish construction industry to gain better insight on prevalent perceptions of mediation, assess pertinent demand and determine the sector specific challenges.FindingsThe comparative analysis of the Draft Law and the empirical results obtained from the industry indicate a promising platform for the deployment of mediation. However, the adverse attitude of lawyers, inadequate financial incentives, the lack of an industry specific institutional framework and low level of knowledge on mediation in the industry hinder wide acceptance despite the growing interest, as evidenced in the results of the interviews.Originality/valueThis paper is aimed to be a timely contribution to the process of the establishment of mediation in the Turkish construction industry. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the Draft Law through comparison with other legislation and furnishes original data on the perceptions of mediation in the Turkish construction industry in the quest for making projections for its further development.

Challenges &amp; Opportunities for Venture Capital Industry in Pakistan

Venture capital has played an important role in the development of many sectors of different economies. It is the key driver in innovation, new firm creation, rapid growth of businesses, in promoting entrepreneurship, enhancing competition and job creation. Currently, venture capital industry of Pakistan is in its infancy and facing issues such as risk adverse attitude of entrepreneurs, family owned business mindset, and limited support from the government and listing regulations for SMEs. However, economic development in last 5-6 years has been able to influence many sectors of Pakistan’s economy. This is an ideal time for the venture capital industry to take off, provided both government and industry play their role and make efforts in the right direction. The author has studied the local venture capital industry, its issues, challenges, opportunities and recommendations to realize the potential.

Student Use of the Internet: an extension of TAM in technical and vocational institutions in Brunei Darussalam

In the educational setting, the Internet is profiteering among academics and students. In fact, this has changed the functioning of the educational establishments. However, the success of use of the Internet is largely dependent upon the user’s behaviour that in turn affects their attitudes. Even when the formidable opportunities exist for the deployment of technology, adverse attitude can inhibit the use. Keeping this in view, survey of 266 students of four technical and vocational colleges was conducted to study the attitudes of the students toward the use of the Internet. The present study develop a normative model by using Davis’s Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and validates two specific attitudinal variables; perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use that are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of the attitude that in turn predict the students’ use of the Internet. By adding external variables such as; demographics, task characteristics, computer exposure, and institutional support further test the parsimony of the model. A Structural Equation Modelling technique is used to validate the model. The study has confirmed that majority of the students (85%) are using the Internet. In the final model the external variables do contribute towards both of belief parts: perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness that further affects the attitude of the students in predicting the Internet usage.

Determinants of academic use of the Internet: A structural equation model

The last decade of the 20th century brought radical changes in information and communication technology. Internet usage is being widely researched in the business world. However, the use of the Internet in academic settings in general and in vocational and technical establishment in particular is a neglected area. Successful use of the Internet is largely dependent upon the user's behaviour that, in turn, affects their attitudes. Even when remarkable opportunities exist for the deployment of technology, adverse attitude can inhibit use. Keeping this in mind, a survey of 166 academics of four technical and vocational colleges was conducted to study the attitudes of academics toward the use of the Internet. This study develops a model and validates two specific attitudinal variables--perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use--which are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of use of the Internet. Adding two more variables--such as task characteristics and computer exposure--test the parsimony of the model further. A structural equation modelling technique is used to validate the model. The study confirmed that 79% of academics are using the Internet. Computer experience, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use remain to be fundamental determinants of attitude formation. No other variables have been found to be significant.

Emotional distress following induced abortion: A study of its incidence and determinants among abortees in Malmö, Sweden

Objective: To study incidence and determinants of emotional distress following induced abortion. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lund University, University Hospital Malmö, Sweden. Subjects: A series of 854 participants at 12-month postabortion follow-up, representing 66.5% of the 1 285 women undergoing induced abortion at Malmö, 1989. Methods: Analysis of data elicited at a semistructured interview 1 year after induced abortion, risk factors for emotional distress being determined in a “case” subgroup (n=139) of women satisfying all the inclusion criteria (i.e., postabortion emotional distress, doubts about abortion decision, would not consider abortion again), as compared with a control group (n=114) satisfying none of the inclusion criteria. The study design is a retrospective study. Results: In the subgroup with emotional distress (duration ranging from 1 month to still present at 12-month follow-up), the following risk factors were identified: living alone, poor emotional support from family and friends, adverse postabortion change in relations with partner, underlying ambivalence or adverse attitude to abortion, and being actively religious. Conclusions: Thus, 50–60% of women undergoing induced abortion experienced some measure of emotional distress, classified as severe in 30% of cases. The risk factors identified suggest that it may be possible to ameliorate or even prevent such distress.

Long-Term, Hygrothermal Performance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)

To control rain ingress, the Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) can be constructed with one of two design principles • a drain screen (rain screen, pressure equalized rain screen-PER) approach • a face sealed (barrier) approach While the barrier approach has an inherently higher risk for moisture damage, it offers econormc advantages and may be successfully used under a multitude of cli matic and service conditions. Its performance evaluation is carried out in three steps: 1. Examine whether this system can be used for a specific set of climatic and use con ditions 2. Formulate necessary measures for material and field quality control in the design specifications 3. Examine the system for integrity under cycling environmental conditions and long-term performance Step 1 of this evaluation is based on the moisture control strategy of the whole wall assembly. Step 2 requires the addition of several small-scale material tests, and Step 3 involves full-scale system testing. The full scale testing is necessary to incor porate several parameters that act on the system simultaneously (thermal stress, thermal and moisture originated expansion and contraction, structural movements, material changes caused by weathering and aging, presence of moisture, etc.). The in teraction among these factors may provide conditions with severity significantly in excess of those achieved when these parameters are tested separately. This discussion paper consists of three parts: Part 1: Deals with the assessment of constituent materials of the EIFS with a view to ensuring (characterizing) hygrothermal performance of the system (by testing and characterization of the constituent materials, one may limit the range of variation in the hygrothermal performance of the whole system). Part 2: Postulates a new test for evaluation of EIFS integrity under simulated expo sure to climatic cycling. Part 3: Recommends EIFS design solutions and construction details for both new and retrofit construction. These details are discussed in the context of specific environmental/climatic conditions. This will be published in a later issue of JTIBE. Testing EIFS cladding systems for integrity under simulated exposure to climatic cycling involves preconditioning under simultaneous exposure to a water vapor gra dient and temperature gradient followed by exposure to severe conditions of one- sided, uni-directional climatic cycling. The testing and characterization of the con stituent materials (Step 1) coupled with the full-scale test for EIFS integrity under exposure to climatic cycling (Step 2) will increase the reliability of the EIFS systems in North America. Part 3 fills the gap between the current understanding of moisture control princi ples and construction practices. Many small changes in materials and technology create a compound effect that increases the frequency of inadequate field perform ance. Though most inherent EIFS flaws may be minor, those, when coupled with a number of failures of wall systems involving EIFS, caused an adverse attitude toward EIFS, perhaps more prevalent in some regions of North America. This paper pro vides a fundamental framework to cement many of the previously postulated correc tive measures into a coherent package aiming at the improvement of the EIFS reli ability in North America.

Some thoughts on the influence of attitude on health and ageing.

Morbidity and longevity among the middle-aged and elderly are affected by a variety of factors including genetics, social class, diet, smoking practice, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Additionally, in some individuals and communities, the factors of attitude, regularity of life and religiosity appear important. In this contribution, some behavioural and metabolic ramifications of adverse attitude are discussed, and some examples are given of benefits conferred in populations, past and present, marked by regularity of life and religiosity. Comments are made on the possibility of persons making changes in the traits described.

Some characteristics of repeated sickness absence

Abstract Ferguson, D. (1972).Brit. J. industr. Med.,29, 420-431. Some characteristics of repeated sickness absence. Several studies have shown that frequency of absence attributed to sickness is not distributed randomly but tends to follow the negative binomial distribution, and this has been taken to support the concept of `proneness' to such absence. Thus, the distribution of sickness absence resembles that of minor injury at work demonstrated over 50 years ago. Because the investigation of proneness to absence does not appear to have been reported by others in Australia, the opportunity was taken, during a wider study of health among telegraphists in a large communications undertaking, to analyse some characteristics of repeated sickness absence. The records of medically certified and uncertified sickness absence of all 769 telegraphists continuously employed in all State capitals over a two-and-a-half-year period were compared with those of 411 clerks and 415 mechanics and, in Sydney, 380 mail sorters and 80 of their supervisors. All telegraphists in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, and all mail sorters in Sydney, who were available and willing were later medically examined. From their absence pattern repeaters (employees who had had eight or more certified absences in two and a half years) were separated into three types based on a presumptive origin in chance, recurrent disease and symptomatic non-specific disorder. The observed distribution of individual frequency of certified absence over the full two-and-a-half-year period of study followed that expected from the univariate negative binomial, using maximum likelihood estimators, rather than the poisson distribution, in three of the four occupational groups in Sydney. Limited correlational and bivariate analysis supported the interpretation of proneness ascribed to the univariate fit. In the two groups studied, frequency of uncertified absence could not be fitted by the negative binomial, although the numbers of such absences in individuals in successive years were relatively highly correlated. All types of repeater were commoner in Sydney than in the other capital city offices, which differed little from each other. Repeaters were more common among those whose absence was attributed to neurosis, alimentary and upper respiratory tract disorder, and injury. Out of more than 90 health, personal, social, and industrial attributes determined at examination, only two (ethanol habit and adverse attitude to pay) showed any statistically significant association when telegraphist repeaters in Sydney were compared with employees who were rarely absent. Though repeating tended to be associated with chronic or recurrent ill health revealed at examination, one quarter of repeaters had little such ill health and one quarter of rarely absent employees had much. It was concluded that, in the population studied, the fitting of the negative binomial to frequency of certified sickness absence could, in the circumstances of the study, reasonably be given an interpretation of proneness. In that population also repeating varies geographically and occupationally, and is poorly associated with disease and other attributes uncovered at examination, with the exception of the ethanol habit. Repeaters are more often neurotic than employees who are rarely absent but also are more often stable double jobbers. The repeater should be identified for what help may be given him, if needed, otherwise it would seem more profitable to attack those features in work design and organization which influence motivation to come to work. Social factors which predispose to repeated absence are less amenable to modification.

The Attitude of Juveniles toward the Legal Institution

A persistent theme in the voluminous current literature on the condition of modern youth is their supposed adverse attitude toward law and its enforcement. This lack of respect for authority, as it is also sometimes phrased, is often associated in some manner with explanations for deviant behavior among juveniles. Much of the data upon which such statements are based appear to have been gathered through only casual observations of highly selected populations of juveniles. Although a perusal of the literature reveals something of the nature of the anti-legal institution attitude, there are numerous conflicting observations and findings about it. Most authors agree that there is greater animosity toward the legal institution in the United States than in certain other advanced societies,' but there is wide disagreement on an explanation for this difference.2 Furthermore, there appears to be some question about the direction of change, if any, in the attitude,3 some believing the negative attitude is diminishing, others that it is increasing both in intensity and pervasiveness. Much of the concern