Advent Of New Types Research Articles

Комплексная диагностика дуоденита у собак

The article presents diagnostic options and an assessment of their effectiveness in diagnosing gastroduodenitis in dogs. With the advent of new types of diagnostic equipment, laboratory analyzers and a decrease in diagnostic methods in the Russian Federation, there is an urgent need to standardize and provide the latest modern approach to the fairly short-term and most reliable detection of gastrointestinal pathologies in patients of the canine family. As in humans, gastritis in dogs causes a number of specific symptoms, and can also be complicated by erosions and ulcers, which, in turn, leads to a worsening of the severity of the condition. Such complications can also occur with duodenitis The objects of the study were representatives of the canine family of different breeds and ages, with different etiology of the disease. To achieve this goal, a selection of patients with a definitive diagnosis of gastroduodenitis was carried out. In these dogs, a thorough anamnesis was collected during the diagnosis, as well as the results of laboratory studies and the conclusion of visual (laboratory) diagnostics were taken into account.

GNSS NLOS Signal Classification Based on Machine Learning and Pseudorange Residual Check.

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning has recently garnered attention for autonomous driving, machine control, and construction sites. With the development of low-cost multi-GNSS receivers and the advent of new types of GNSS, such as Japan’s Quasi-Zenith Satellite System, the potential of GNSS positioning has increased. New types of GNSS directly increase the number of line-of-sight (LOS) signals in dense urban areas and improve positioning accuracy. However, GNSS receivers can observe both LOS and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signals in dense urban areas, and more NLOS signals are observed under static conditions than under dynamic conditions. The classification of LOS and NLOS signals is important, and various methods have been proposed, such as C/N0, using three-dimensional maps, fish-eye view, and GNSS/inertial navigation system integration. Multipath detection based on machine learning has also been reported in recent years. In this study, we propose a method for detecting NLOS signals using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier modeled with unique features that are calculated by receiver independent exchange format-based information and GNSS pseudorange residual check. We found that using both the SVM classifier and GNSS pseudorange residual check effectively reduced the error due to NLOS signals. Several static tests were conducted near high-rise buildings that are likely to receive some NLOS signals in downtown Tokyo. For all static tests, the percentage of positioning errors within 10 m in the horizontal positioning error was improved by >80% by detecting and eliminating satellites receiving NLOS signals.

A core ontology on the Human–Computer Interaction phenomenon

Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) is a complex communication phenomenon involving human beings and computer systems that gained large attention from industry and academia with the advent of new types of interactive systems (mobile applications, smart cities, smart homes, ubiquitous systems and so on). Despite of its importance, there is still a lack of formal and explicit representations of what the HCI phenomenon is. In this paper, we intend to clarify the main notions involved in the HCI phenomenon, by establishing an explicit conceptualization of it. To do so, we need to understand what interactive computer systems are, which types of actions users perform when interacting with an interactive computer system, and finally what human–computer interaction itself is. The conceptualization is presented as a core reference ontology, called HCIO (HCI Ontology), which is grounded in the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO). HCIO was evaluated using ontology verification and validation techniques and has been used as core ontology of an HCI ontology network.

A novel economic method of battery modeling in stand-alone renewable energy systems to reduce life cycle costs

Since the main part of a stand-alone Renewable Energy System (RES) is related to the battery, effective means of reducing the energy ‎mismatch between generation and demand could be obtained using such devices. But with the advent of new types of batteries with unique capabilities, choosing the right type of battery used in stand-alone RESs, in terms of technical and economic components including battery life costs, operation costs, and repair and maintenance costs, has become a very important issue. This research tries a significant step forward since previous conducted researches on ‎storage systems are based on oversimplified economic battery models, considering the impact of power generation and consumption, as well as the impact of battery lifetime on battery lifetime-related costs. Considering the battery lifetime feature, multi-objective optimization has been provided to minimize the costs and maximize the useful lifetime of the system through the Teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm. Technical and economic analysis shows that the generation cost of each scattered product varies according to the type of battery optimization and with increasing system useful life, the TCPDBES index system increases. The results illustrate that the battery type selection varies according to the grid-independent lifetime and the ‎use of Lithium-ion battery, Gel Lead Acid battery, and AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) Lead Acid types has the minimum energy storage cost for 15, 10, and 5 year lifetimes, respectively.‎‎

Building Reliable Massive Capacity SSDs through a Flash Aware RAID-Like Protection

The demand for mass storage devices has become an inevitable consequence of the explosive increase in data volume. The three-dimensional (3D) vertical NAND (V-NAND) and quad-level cell (QLC) technologies rapidly accelerate the capacity increase of flash memory based storage system, such as SSDs (Solid State Drives). Massive capacity SSDs adopt dozens or hundreds of flash memory chips in order to implement large capacity storage. However, employing such a large number of flash chips increases the error rate in SSDs. A RAID-like technique inside an SSD has been used in a variety of commercial products, along with various studies, in order to protect user data. With the advent of new types of massive storage devices, studies on the design of RAID-like protection techniques for such huge capacity SSDs are important and essential. In this paper, we propose a massive SSD-Aware Parity Logging (mSAPL) scheme that protects against n-failures at the same time in a stripe, where n is protection strength that is specified by the user. The proposed technique allows for us to choose the strength of protection for user data. We implemented mSAPL on a trace-based simulator and evaluated it with real-world I/O workload traces. In addition, we quantitatively analyze the error rates of a flash based SSD for different RAID-like configurations with analytic models. We show that mSAPL outperforms the state-of-the-art RAID-like technique in the performance and reliability.

О символьном интегрировании в курсе математического анализа

The work of transforming a database from one format periodically appears in different organizations for various reasons. Today, the mechanism for changing the format of relational databases is well developed. But with the advent of new types of database such as NoSQL, this problem was exacerbated due to the radical difference in the way data was organized. This article discusses a formalized method based on set theory, at the choice of the number and composition of collections for a key-value type database. The initial data are the properties of the objects, information about which is stored in the database, and the set of queries that are most frequently executed or the speed of which should be maximized. The considered method can be applied not only when creating a new key-value database, but also when transforming an existing one, when moving from relational databases to NoSQL, when consolidating databases.

Определение совокупности коллекций для баз данных типа ключ-документ по заданному набору свойств объектов и запросов к базе данных

The work of transforming a database from one format periodically appears in different organizations for various reasons. Today, the mechanism for changing the format of relational databases is well developed. However, with the advent of new types of databases, such as NoSQL, this problem is prevalent due to the radically different ways of data organization at the various databases. This article discusses a formalized method based on set theory, at the choice of the number and composition of collections for a key-value type database. The initial data are the properties of objects, about which information is stored in the database, and the set of queries that are most frequently executed. The considered method can be applied not only when creating a new keyvalue database, but also when transforming an existing one, when moving from relational databases to NoSQL, when consolidating databases.

THE CONCEPT OF STANDARDIZATION OF FORENSIC AND EXPERT ACTIVITIES

The article distinguishes three concepts: «standardization», «accreditation» and «certification». All three aspects are tools for ensuring control over the quality, reliability and scientific authenticity of expert studies. Standards of forensic activities are fixed in the methods of conducting expert research; it has been considered the possibility of unifying the methodological support of expert research and related activities. Foremost, the standards of forensic activities are fixed in the methods of conducting expert research, which are, relatively, programs for solving expert problems and a list of sequential operations. It is the methodological aspect of the quality of forensic examinations that is the focus of this article. Standardization of individual areas of expert research is often considered as the next step after accreditation of forensic institutions to implement international standards in expert justice. Most expert institutions both in Ukraine and internationally are accredited. However, the accreditation procedure is reduced to the issues of documentation and management and to a large extent leaves aside the scientific and methodological aspects of the implementation of expert activities. Standardization of forensic activity should be understood as an activity to achieve optimal orderliness of forensic expert activity by unifying the methodological support of expert research and related activities. It is important to understand that standardization is a continuous process, and involves the development of new standard techniques with the advent of new types of examinations. Key words: forensic expert activity, standardization, unification, accreditation, attestation, judicial practice, methodology.

Abstract SY31-03: Reuse of genomics data and lessons for cancer research

Abstract Making data and materials used in scientific research available to others is not only a prerequisite for enabling reproducible science and maximizing the return on funding, it is also the very basis of scientific progress, allowing other scientists to build on the previous work of their colleagues (1). In life sciences this principle has been well established since the 1980s, when scientific journals started making it a requirement, that X-ray crystallography and DNA sequence data supporting publications must be deposited in appropriate databases. In 1996, as a part of the Human Genome Project, it was agreed that all the sequence data would be released in publicly accessible databases within twenty-four hours after generation, known as Bermuda principles (2). With advent of new types of data, such as microarray data, it was soon recognized that not only the sequence or microarray data are important, but also the standards how these data are represented and the information about the samples and experiments (3). However, to enable data sharing, a properly built and funded infrastructure is needed (4). Without public data resources, such as Ensembl, UniProt, and Expression Atlas, that add value to molecular data archives, modern life sciences research would be hard to imagine (5-7). The data-sharing mentality is now so firmly embedded in the ethos of life sciences that scientists working in the field struggle to imagine that in other science disciplines the mentality may be different. Data sharing in medical research is a more complex and difficult problem due to multiple reasons, including the need for data security and the patient's confidentiality, complexity of representing health records, and diversity of national legislations. However, there is also an increasing realization that sharing biomedical research data, which is now facilitated by the use of electronic health records, can be an important accelerator of biomedical research (7). Cancer researchers are at the forefront of the data-sharing approach in biomedical research. The International Cancer Genome Consortium is completing the sequencing of genomes, transcriptomes, and epigenomes of over 20,000 patients, making all the data alongside the essential clinical information available to researchers (8). About 10% of these genomes and transcriptomes have been reanalyzed in a standardized way by the Pan-cancer Analysis of the Whole Genomes (PCAWG) group. The PCAWG project provides an important demonstration how data integration can accelerate biomedical research. In this talk I will particularly concentrate on lessons learned from integration of genome, transcriptome, and clinical data of this project. Although at the time of writing this abstract, some of the PCAWG transcriptome analysis is still being finalized, it is already clear that integrating heterogeneous types of data from heterogeneous cancer types provides new insights about this disease, and also that such integrative analysis is challenging (9-13). I will also describe some of the experience in building infrastructure for data integration and sharing at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) and some of the data resources provided by EMBL-EBI (14,15), particularly concentrating on cancer genomics data and the benefits that data sharing brings to cancer research.

Hybrid Electric Energy Storages: Their Specific Features and Application (Review)

The article presents a review of various aspects related to development and practical use of hybrid electric energy storages (i.e., those uniting different energy storage technologies and devices in an integrated system) in transport and conventional and renewable power engineering applications. Such devices, which were initially developed for transport power installations, are increasingly being used by other consumers characterized by pronounced nonuniformities of their load schedule. A range of tasks solved using such energy storages is considered. It is shown that, owing to the advent of new types of energy storages and the extended spectrum of their performance characteristics, new possibilities for combining different types of energy storages and for developing hybrid systems have become available. This, in turn, opens up the possibility of making energy storages with better mass and dimension characteristics and achieving essentially lower operational costs. The possibility to secure more comfortable (base) operating modes of primary sources of energy (heat engines and renewable energy source based power installations) and to achieve a higher capacity utilization factor are unquestionable merits of hybrid energy storages. Development of optimal process circuit solutions, as well as energy conversion and control devices facilitating the fullest utilization of the properties of each individual energy storage included in the hybrid system, is among the important lines of research carried out in this field in Russia and abroad. Our review of existing developments has shown that there are no universal technical solutions in this field (the specific features of a consumer have an essential effect on the process circuit solutions and on the composition of a hybrid energy storage), a circumstance that dictates the need to extend the scope of investigations in this promising field.

The exploration of setting up teaching link of review discussion in biological electron micro-scope technique course

With the continuous advent of new types of electron microscopes and the continuous improvement and development of electron microscope technique , biological electron microscope tech-nique has become one of the important experimental means in the fields of biology , molecular biology, basic medicine and clinical medicine , Department of Pathology of College of Basic Medical Sciences in Jilin University has reviewed the teaching feature and teaching status of biological electron microscope technique based on the training objectives of postgraduate education. By finding the problems and analyz-ing them, they have added the teaching link of review discussion in teaching process and elaborated on its implementation process and teaching results , aiming to provide practical basis for application of review discussion for postgraduate teaching. Key words: Biological electron microscope technique; Review discussion; Postgraduates

Fume and gas emission during arc welding: Hazards and recommendation

Welding is the principal industrial process used for joining metals, but at the same time, it’s the significant source of toxic fumes and gases emission. With the advent of new types of welding procedures and consumables, the number of welders exposed to welding fumes is growing constantly in spite of the mechanisation and automation of the process. Having in mind that, in some cases, toxic fumes and gases can be over the respective limits for toxic substances, one of the most important requirements for chosen welding procedure is its harmlessness to the environment. The health aspects associated with welding are complex and the industry is continuing its research to evaluate the effects of the welder’s exposure to typical constituents of welding fumes and gases, as well as its impact on what concerns climatic changes. The aim of this paper is to estimate the influence of the type of filler material on the emission of toxic substances, and to show the potential hazards. In order to determine that effect, microalloyed steel has been welded using two different filler materials (metal cored wire and self-shielded wire). The concentrations of emitted total dust, CO2, CO, SO, Mn, Ni, Al, Cr, Cr(VI), Ca and P were measured. By comparing results for both filler materials, it was established that the special attention must be paid to the high concentration of manganese and CO in metal cored wire, as well as high concentrations of phosphorus and aluminum in self-shielded wire. Also, conducted experimental measurements of emission of certain elements did not show higher toxicity of self-shielded wire compare to metal cored wire, what is in the contrast with previous studies.

Quin és el futur de l’aprenentatge mòbil en l’educació?

The evolution of wireless technologies and the development of applications for mobile devices in higher education have been spectacular. For many educators, mobile technology in the field of teaching and learning has recently become one of the most important areas of research. Today, mobile learning is a strategic topic for many organizations concerned with education. In the future, more research should be conducted to transform education using mobile learning. The advent of new types of devices is disruptive to education, no matter what educators and education institutions do. Therefore, a thorough analysis, from a pedagogical and technological perspective, is key to ensuring appropriate usage and implementation of mobile learning. This Special Section of RUSC. Universities and Knowledge Society Journal presents a general overview of successful mobile learning experiences in higher education. Its aim is to share best practices and create new opportunities in universities. These mobile applications will add another layer to the learning and teaching processes.

TEM analysis as a tool for toxicological assessment of occupational exposure to airborne nanoparticles from welding

Welding is the principal industrial process used for joining metals. However, it can produce dangerous fumes that may be hazardous to the welder’s health and it is estimated that, presently, 1-2% of workers from different professional backgrounds (which accounts for more than 3 million persons) are subjected to welding fume and gas action. With the advent of new types of welding procedures and consumables, the number of welders exposed to welding fumes is growing constantly in spite of the mechanization and automation of the processes. Simultaneously, the number of publications on epidemiologic studies and the devices for welders’ protection is also increasing. Apart from that, the influence of very ultrafine particulate, lying in the nanoparticles range, on human health has been pointed to be of much concern as airborne nanoparticles are resulting both from nanotechnologies processes and also from macroscopic common industrial processes such as welding. In fact, nanotoxicological research is still in its infancy and the issuing and implementation of standards for appropriate safety control systems can still take several years. Yet, the advanced understanding of toxicological phenomena on the nanometre scale is largely dependent on technological innovations and scientific results stemming from enhanced R&D. Meanwhile, the industry has to adopt proactive risk management strategies in order to provide a safe working environment for their staff, clients and customers, and obtain products without posing health threats at any point of their lifecycle. Understanding the relationship of airborne nano sized particulate and human health, under different environmental conditions is of great importance for improving exposure estimates and for developing efficient control strategies to reduce human exposure and health risk and for establishing, evaluating and improving regulations and legislation both on air quality, airborne emissions and the incorporation of nano sized materials in other products and commodities.Mass measurement methods are not sufficiently sensitive for airborne nanoparticles and are not sensitive toward the specific health relevant properties of nanoparticles. The most sensitive concentration measured in this particle range (> 100 nm diameter) is the number concentration. In fact, surface area is a relevant metric for nanoparticles, as most of the processes in the human body environment take place via the particle surface, which is increasing significantly with decreasing particle size in the nanometer size range for the same amount of mass. In order to perform the toxicological assessment of welding processes a Nanoparticle Surface Area Monitor, TSI, Model 3550, based on diffusion charging (measuring the electrostatic charge on a sampled aerosol, mainly composed of nanoparticles) was used for monitoring the emission of nanoparticles resulting from several welding processes. This equipment indicates the human lung-deposited surface area of particles expressed as square micrometers per cubic centimeter of air (µm2/cm3). Although this instrument is very precise and its use has been validated for this purpose, the definite presence of nanoparticles in welding fume has to be complemented by microscopy techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which has proved very helpful in order to establish the size, shape and aggregation habit of sampled aerosols, as well as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for performing the chemical analysis of collected nanoparticles. Figure 1 shows the aspect of aggregates of particles, in the nano size range, collected from welding fume during shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) of carbon steel and friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminium alloys, respectively. As expected in arc welding aggregates of larger dimensions are produced in more roundish shaped particles while in FSW these are finer. Chemical analysis determined by EDS showed that the emitted nanoparticles of SMAW are mostly resulting from burning of electrode coating and less from its core. Therefore, in order to reduce particulate emissions, special care has to be paid to the chemical composition of the electrodes coating.The work was supported by the Portuguese Science Foundation through PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2011, PEst-OE/EME/UI0667/2011 and PEst-OE/CTM-UI0084/2011 and grants.

Wandering Globular Clusters: the First Dwarf Galaxies in the Universe?

In the last decade we witness an advent of new types of dwarf stellar systems in cluding ultra-compact dwarfs, ultra-faint dwarf spheroidals, and exotic globular clusters, breaking the old simple paradigm for dwarf galaxies and globular clusters. These objects become more intriguing, and understanding of these new findings be comes more challenging. Recently we discovered a new type of large scale structure in the Virgo cluster of galaxies: it is composed of globular clusters. Globular clusters in Virgo are found wandering between galaxies (intracluster globular clusters) as well as in galaxies. These intracluster globular clusters fill a significant fraction in the area of the Virgo cluster and they are dominated by blue globular clusters. These intracluster globular clusters may be closely related with the first dwarf galaxies in the universe.

The road to risk-based supervision: Lessons from Chile

The last two decades have been a period of unprecedented development, but also turmoil, in the financial sector. Advances in technology, the advent of new types of market participants and products, the growth in scale and interconnectedness of markets, and rapid economic development in many countries have all presented significant oversight challenges to regulators. The impact of the recent financial crisis has added to those challenges — and in some jurisdictions, made it very clear that supervisory approaches currently in place are insufficient.In light of these events, most securities (and other) regulators have embraced the need for a significant reassessment of their approach to supervision of securities firms. In particular, securities regulators must evaluate how they identify and respond to risks in the securities firms they oversee. One approach that has garnered considerable interest is risk-based supervision, which is not simply a short-lived reaction to the financial crisis, but an approach securities regulators, in both emerging and developed markets, have been seriously examining for the last decade. Many consider it to be a ‘best practice’ in securities regulation.This paper examines key elements of the risk-based methodology adopted by the Chilean Securities and Insurance Regulator (SVS) as it transitioned from a more traditional, compliance-based supervisory programme. It also assesses the challenges and benefits that other regulators may encounter when implementing a similar programme.

The Cyber Balkanization and Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere in Korea

The development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has sup-ported improvements in political communications among citizens, the organization of civil society groups, and collective action among citizens. Such changes are contribut-ing to the re-vitalization of the public sphere. The public sphere, which is a tremen-dously broad physical and symbolic space where public opinion is created, is com-posed of communication structures of a society. Furthermore, the distribution struc-ture of communication reflects the social relationship of power and leads to funda-mental changes in the roles and functions of actors as well as their relationship (Bim-ber, 2003; Newhagen & Levy, 1996; Fraser, 1992). In mass media-based communica-tion, citizens have hitherto remained in the status of passive information recipients. But today’s web-based communication fostering a number of noticeable changes in the structure of information distribution including the breakdown of the boundary be-tween information producers and recipients, obsolescence of gatekeeping, and promo-tion of interactive media modes. Thanks to such changes, citizens can now proactively participate in public discussion activities. The functions and innate structure of the public sphere undergo changes under the intervention of the social context. According to Habermas (1989), the dynamics of the formation and restructuring of the public discussion forum can be conceptualized as “the structural transformation of the public sphere.” Since the 1990s, Korean soci-ety has expanded the cyber public sphere amid the development of the new media including PC communication, the Internet, and mobile communication. By reforming the mechanism of agenda setting and public opinion, the cyber forum for public dis-cussion has demolished the monopoly of the mass media-based public sphere. Fur-thermore, the use of the cyber forum for public discussion as a tool for political mobi-lization and social movement has caused profound political ramifications. In the proc-ess, the progressive camp has taken ideological initiative and reaped political fruits. Therefore, the progressive camp has been perceived as the principal beneficiary of the changes in the cyber space. Recently, however, conservative camp has made a great leap forward in cyberspace and begun to carry out countervailing public discussion activities. As a result, it has become questionable to equate the Internet as an abode reserved only for the progressives. The Internet has become the locus where fierce ideological competition is taking place. In short, the topography of power in the cyber forum for public discussions is undergoing a restructuring as a more power-balanced system is emerging from the previous structure dominated by the progressive camp. The goal of this paper is to identify the causes of the formation and restructuring of the cyber public sphere and to assess their political implications in Korea. Histori-cally, the public sphere is a product of political enlightenment and social environment created by modernization. And the advent of new types of media and antagonism among communication actors has caused structural changes in the public sphere. With

From static to dynamic mathematics: historical and representational perspectives

The nature of mathematical reference fields has substantially evolved with the advent of new types of digital technologies enabling students greater access to understanding the use and application of mathematical ideas and procedures. We analyze the evolution of symbolic thinking over time, from static notations to dynamic inscriptions in new technologies. We conclude with new perspectives on Kaput’s theory of notations and representations as mediators of constructive processes.

Altered pesticide use on transgenic crops and the associated general impact from an environmental perspective

The large-scale commercial cultivation of transgenic crops has undergone a steady increase since their introduction 10 years ago. Most of these crops bear introduced traits that are of agronomic importance, such as herbicide or insect resistance. These traits are likely to impact upon the use of pesticides on these crops, as well as the pesticide market as a whole. Organizations like USDA-ERS and NCFAP monitor the changes in crop pest management associated with the adoption of transgenic crops. As part of an IUPAC project on this topic, recent data are reviewed regarding the alterations in pesticide use that have been observed in practice. Most results indicate a decrease in the amounts of active ingredients applied to transgenic crops compared with conventional crops. In addition, a generic environmental indicator -- the environmental impact quotient (EIQ) -- has been applied by these authors and others to estimate the environmental consequences of the altered pesticide use on transgenic crops. The results show that the predicted environmental impact decreases in transgenic crops. With the advent of new types of agronomic trait and crops that have been genetically modified, it is useful to take also their potential environmental impacts into account.

Interface lift [user interface

This paper discusses the advent of new types of user interfaces that are designed not just for office workers but for a wide variety of users with special needs. While the interface for documents, folders and menus that is familiar to computer users today was a huge breakthrough compared with the command-driven interface that preceded it, it is by no means the most efficient way of handling information. Three interface categories are emerging. First is the browser interface, perhaps not the most efficient tool for a particular task, but with it users can move easily from one computer to another. Second is the special purpose interface for navigating large collections of information such as the Web. And finally, there are a variety of interfaces that computer users are beginning to acquire from both established and new companies for managing their own collections of information.