Industrial Structure Advancement Research Articles

Impact of marine industrial structure on environmental efficiency

Purpose Recently, China has been paying increasing attention to how to improve the efficiency of the marine environment and realize a green and sustainable development of the marine economy. Consequently, the industrial structure is crucial to improving efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to introduce environmental factors into the efficiency analysis framework and explore the relationship between marine industrial structure and marine environmental efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses marine economic data under the DEA-BBC model to measure the marine environmental efficiency of provinces and cities and classifies them by cluster analysis. Then, the marine industrial structure and marine environmental efficiency are studied by an econometric model with human capital, ownership structure, land economic development level, scientific research input and government intervention degree as control variables. Findings The overall level of marine environmental efficiency is relatively low in China, increasing and then decreasing over the research period. The rationalization of industrial structure and scientific research input have significant promoting effects on marine environmental efficiency, while the degree of government intervention has a significant inhibiting effect. The positive effect of human capital on efficiency depends on whether it can be successfully converted into productivity. The effects of industrial structure advancement, ownership structure and land economic development level of on the marine environmental efficiency are mixed. Originality/value The results provide a theoretical and decision-making basis for China to transform and upgrade its marine industrial structure and sustainably develop the marine economy.

Impacts of Marine Industrial Structure Changes on Marine Economic Growth in China

Xie, B.; Zhang, R., and Sun, S., 2019. Impacts of marine industrial structure changes on marine economic growth in China. In: Li, L.; Wan, X.; and Huang, X. (eds.), Recent Developments in Practices and Research on Coastal Regions: Transportation, Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 98, pp. 314–319. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The change in the marine industrial structure in China from 2005 to 2017 was measured with two indicators, including industrial structure rationalization and industrial structure advancement. The two indicators were introduced into the production function of the marine economy to empirically research the impact of marine industrial structure changes in China on marine economic growth through the fixed-effect model. The research results show that marine economic growth depends not only on the labor and technology input, but also on the contributions of the industrial structure changes. In view of the latter, the industrial structure rationalization can positively affect the marine economy, while the industrial structure advancement can negatively affect the marine economy. Thus, China should observe the principle of rational allocation of resources and scientifically guide production factors into the emerging areas of marine secondary industries, such as marine biomedicine, and seawater desalination. In addition, China should also actively guide labor into the marine economy, and enhance the innovation ability of marine science and technology, so as to promote marine economy growth.

Industrial structure distortion and urban ecological efficiency from the perspective of green entrepreneurial ecosystems

Improving the entrepreneurial ecosystem plays an important role in the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and achieving the coordinated development of economy and environment among cities is important for improving the quality and efficiency of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Using the panel data of 286 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2016, this study adopts the global reference super efficiency slack-based measure model considering undesirable output to measure China's urban ecological efficiency. In addition, the spatial lag model is used to investigate the impacts of industrial structure advancement and rationalization on ecological efficiency, and the impacts of the heterogeneity of industrial structure and economic development under the distortion of resource dependence on ecological efficiency. The results show that: every one-unit increase in the advancement of industrial structure will lead to a 0.0741 unit increase in ecological efficiency, but the high dependence on natural resources will inhibit the promoting effect of industrial structure advancement on ecological efficiency, and such an inhibiting effect will weaken with the improvement of economic development level; moreover, the influence coefficient of industrial structure rationalization on ecological efficiency is not significant, nor is it affected by the natural resource dependence and the level of economic development. This paper hereby proposes that in the process of promoting green entrepreneurial activity at present, the Chinese government should give full play to the role of industrial structure advancement on improving ecological efficiency, actively break through the constraints restricting the impact of industrial structure rationalization, reduce excessive dependence on resource industries, improve the level of regional economic development, and strive to transform resource-intensive industries to technology-intensive industries to support the sustainable development of a green entrepreneurship ecosystem.

Energy and carbon intensity in China during the urbanization and industrialization process: A panel VAR approach

This paper first estimates the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and carbon intensity of China's 30 provinces from 2000 to 2015. By constructing a 4-variable Panel Vector Auto-regression (PVAR) model, the paper quantitatively analyzes the dynamic relationship among urbanization, industrial structure, energy and carbon intensity in China during urbanization and industrialization stage. The results show that urbanization process and the advancement of industrial structure are consistent with the optimization goals of energy and carbon intensity. In the long term, energy and carbon intensity will decline with the development of urbanization and the advancement of industrial structure. But urbanization process has an inverted U-shaped effect on energy and carbon intensity, while the influence of industrial structure advancement on energy and carbon intensity increases over time. In contrast, the positive impact of energy intensity on carbon intensity is mainly reflected in the short term. This paper confirms the importance of urbanization and upgrading of industrial structure in the goal of energy saving and emissions reduction. Thus, this paper suggests that each province should adopt the upgrading of industrial structure as one of the policy goals, and constantly promote new urbanization process, following their own development characteristics.

中国の地域内格差: 広西壮族自治区と雲南省の比較

This study investigated by a comparison analysis of the intra-provincial disparity between Guangxi and Yunnan using statistical data. These two provinces (autonomous region) belong to the southwest region of China, and are comparatively poor. First, this study showed the two provinces do not reach the national average in many economic indicators. Next, the intra-provincial disparity of the two provinces was verified by the prefectural data. Information on the city was deleted beforehand, and the analysis assumed to be an analysis of data from the rural area. Then, the comparison of the structure of the intra-provincial disparity in the rural area between the two provinces was statistically analyzed.A part of the factors for disparity are generally seen in the advancement of industrial structure and urbanization. Especially, data analysis at the prefectural level shows disparity, even when disparity is not found in the rural area itself. Disparity arises from the difference in the situations in the stages for developing from a rural area. Moreover, when a comparison of the kernel density function was done by using a statistical index, it was clear that the economic structure in the rural area is different between Guangxi and Yunnan.Since economic structure shows a difference, a common economic policy to both prefectures is not suitable for Guangxi and Yunnan. Obviously, each province has a separate government, so the possibility of developing a common policy is low, but it is certain that a policy suitable for the actual conditions of each province is desired. This is a future subject for more detailed analysis.JEL Classification: C14, O18, O53, R12

Patent network analysis of inter-industrial knowledge flows: The case of Korea between traditional and emerging industries

Based on the notion of the national innovation system (NIS), this paper proposes an exploratory method of measuring inter-industrial knowledge flows. The proposed measures are based on patent analysis and input–output analysis. By employing the Korean case, the knowledge measures are gauged and the knowledge network is visualized. For both disembodied and embodied knowledge, the densities of the knowledge network have steadily increased over time and the knowledge linkage between the traditional sector and the emerging sector has become more active, along with the evolutionary advancement of industrial structure. However, the knowledge network is still incomplete in that some weak ties and missing links exist. Although the Korean case may not be generally applicable due to national idiosyncrasies, the proposed framework provides a useful tool for measuring knowledge stock and flows at sectoral or industrial level.

Foreign investment impact and incentive: a strategic approach to the relationship between the objectives of foreign investment policy and their promotion

This paper offers hypotheses and tests empirically the relationship between the objectives of foreign direct investment (FDI) policy and it results (i.e. the various types of impact of FDI and investment incentives) within a strategic fit concept. In the process, this paper demonstrates a strong correlation between specific objectives and particular incentives. Specifically, it points to a strong correlation between, on the one hand, the advancement of industrial structure and fiscal incentives and on the other, between regional expansion/development and financial incentives. The results point out how a host government should establish a coherent investment incentive system matching specific objectives of FDI policy.

Advancement in Industrial Structure and Spatial Changes of Establishment Location in the City of Nagoya

With shifts in economic development from the higher growth of the mid-fifties and sixties into the stable growth that has continued from the early seventies, the Japanese industrial structure has changed drastically. While the relative status of secondary industry has decreased, tertiary industry has developed a great deal. Changes in industrial structure, however, do not mean only such changes in the components between industries. As the value of information and services in the economy has become more important than that of physical production, the position of service activities has risen not only in tertiary industry but also in primary and secondary industries. Therefore, studies which focus on the spatial changes of economic activities which have happened along with the advancement of industrial structure have to be done from the point of view of the functional roles of these activities within industries as well as the traditional classification of industries.The most advanced industrial structures can be seen in metropolises, among which Nagoya, the study area of this paper, is included. The spatial structures of these metropolises, which developed along with the industrialization of the postwar high economic growth period, have gradually been reorganized in accordance with changes in their industrial structure. This study attempts to reveal such temporal and spatial reorganization of economic activities in the City of Nagoya. Its main purpose is to grasp the general trends in spatial distribution of establishments categorized not only by kinds of industries but also by functional types.Analysis of the component changes of establishments by kinds of industries shows that the percentages of service, construction, wholesale, transportation-communication, and finance-insurance have increased in more than half of 14 wards during the period from the end of the sixties to the mid-eighties. Component shares of manufacturing and retail, however, have decreased in many wards during the same period. Wholesale and service have increased in number of workers as well as number of establishments, but the number of both categories has dropped a great deal in manufacturing. The decrease of workers in manufacturing has been accelerated by the outflow of large factories from the city. In the retail sector, the number of establishments has decreased, but the number of workers has continued to increase. The sectoral pattern, which can be seen in such spatial changes of establishments, suggests that wards located in certain sectoral direction from the city center reveal similar patterns of change.The second analysis was carried out on the spatial changes of establishments that were categorized by both industry and function. This analysis revealed that while office and business type firms have greatly increased in number all over Nagoya, factory, workshop and mining type firms have decreased remarkably. Store and restaurant type firms, which increased in the seventies, have decreasd in absolute number in the wards around the city center during the eighties. Office and business type firms, which employed nearly half of all workers in the mid-eighties are found not only in tertiary industry like wholesale and service but also in primary and secondary industry. These office and business type firms, which have developed to become a leading sector of the metropolitan economy, have increased in number mainly in the central and eastern wards of the city.It is necessary to grasp the general trends of firm distribution in order to build an empirical model of the regional structure of metropolises. For this reason, in the latter part of this study, an attempt was made to reveal the trends of firm distribution by means of regional concentration coefficients. In addition to this, the grouping of establishment types in terms of their locational pattern is attempted, and regional classification is carried out using this result.