Advanced Science Research Articles

Sports Scientific Approach for Martial Arts Development

Purpose: Martial arts can be related to the scientificization of the sporting process in the case of the body and the scientificization of the mind in the case of the mind, considering the two major flows of training the body and mind. Method: Scientificization related to physical training can promote future-oriented sports science with activa-tion of convergence based on existing sports science, and cultivation of the mind can suggest scientificization to pursue new areas of philosophical thinking and the spiritual world. Therefore, based on the holistic training for the training of body and mind, it is made up of an academic approach for comprehensive scientificization. In the course of attempts for academic development and social contribution, various fields of science are promoting field-oriented basic guidelines, systematic review, high-level technology and qualitative evaluation, along with efforts to find evidence-based principles. Results: Martial arts activities are carried out in the form of sports activities, promoting optimization and maximization of physical fitness and technical factors, and are based on related physiology, nutrition, epidemiology, psychology, sociology, motor control and learning. In addition, the academic approach of sports science, including the physical conditioning and training theory of athletes, and industrial and environmental engineering related to efficient facilities, equipment, implement, and environment, will be the main content. Conclusion: The scientific approach for the future-oriented activation of martial arts requires the establishment of an intensive scientific support system for concrete scientificization in terms of the practical value and utilization of martial arts activities based on the establishment of academic identity. In addition, for the science of martial arts, it is necessary to promote advanced convergence science, globalization centered on trends and popularity in Korea, systematic nurturing of research personnel related to martial arts sports, establishment of a cluster of martial arts sports-related infrastructure, and popularization and industrialization of martial arts sports.

The glimpse of astrological predictions through optimization techniques

Astrology is an advanced and glamorous science, which plays a major role in predicting different events that happen in human life. It consists of scientific and analytical computations that depend on various phases of the orbital movements in the form of degrees; the précised level of planet movements can predict the cosmic energy and also articulate the accurate interpretations of horoscope information on the basis of a constellation of a given birth chart. Way back in 200 BC, an astronomer has adopted Mathematical interventions to measure the distance of planets from the sun and predicted various astrological manifestations. Nowadays, at the global platform, a very few numbers of research articles described the Mathematical and Pragmatic approach of astrological predictions. In this paradigm, we have formulated an advanced Stochastic Probability Convergence predictive model to describe the practical interventions and different features of horoscope and advancement of cosmic energy on the basis of comprehensive phenomena. This formulated model will be highly useful for astrologers to forecast the cosmic energy and different malafacies of human life on a day-to-day basis. Our formulated predictive model is handy and also capable to produce the accurate predictions of horoscopes. Based on the model convergence outputs, the Astronomers drew the real astrological interpretations scientifically without any Jargon and personal assumptions.

Imaging the Chemistry of Materials Kinetics

The kinetics of most of chemical energy storage and conversion processes is rate-limited by the mass transport through matter. There is an uncertainty on the corresponding kinetic models, especially if based solely on kinetic theory. Henceforth analytical strategies coupled to setups, in order to capture data for overcoming this limitation are essential. Operando chemical imaging of the kinetics process supports the identification of rate-limiting barriers and definition of actionable kinetic insights. After an overview of the chemical and physical processes in various energy storage/conversion systems, and examples of chemical imaging applied on them, analytical challenges are discussed with particular focus on novel methods and fundamental limitations. Despite convincing success technologies, various scientific challenges of operando chemical kinetics await solution. Apart from technical improvements of the analysis instrumentation, promising developments are seen in advanced digital science.

Animation Special Effects Production Method and Art Color Research Based on Visual Communication Design

In the context of social informatization, the continuous progress of information technology has promoted the emergence and rapid development of new media. In recent years, the interaction between the design of visual communication and the increasingly popular virtual reality, special effects, and animation has constituted a new way of media communication. In the process of producing special effects of interactive animation, in order to improve the visibility of visual communication design works and achieve excellent information transmission effects, it is necessary to utilize many advanced science and technology methods such as visual communication design. This article, firstly, introduces the visual communication design technology, analyzes and introduces the animation special effects design technology, and then investigates and analyzes the application of visual communication design in real life. Experiments in this article show that animation special effects production based on visual communication design can not only save development companies at least 5% of development costs but also attract 15% of the younger age groups. The most important thing is to better promote the spread of animation film and television works.

Insights into the Anti-Aging Prevention and Diagnostic Medicine and Healthcare

Aging is an irreversible and natural phenomenon that occurs as a person ages. Anti-aging medicine applies advanced science and medical technology to early detection, prevention, treatment, and reversal of age-related dysfunctions, disorders, and diseases. Therefore, anti-aging diagnostic medicine and healthcare are important factors in helping the elderly population lead healthy and active lives. However, it is challenging to diagnose various aging and related diseases accurately through various forms of anti-aging diagnostic medicine and health management. It may not be treated appropriately, so many older people are making various efforts to prevent aging themselves in advance. Therefore, anti-aging medicine and health care have been developed in various forms, from health checkups to alternative medicine and biophysical technology beyond simple clinical medicine, and are being applied to demand the needs of the elderly. This review intends to explore and characterize various applications related to anti-aging medicine and healthcare in the elderly. In addition, economic, medical, and ethical considerations arising from the relationship between the increase in the elderly population and the continuous development of anti-aging medicine can be considered.

A PEEK INTO MEDICAL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES BLOCK

Background: Biology is one of the cornerstones of studying medicine. It is imperative for medical students to get a grasp of it before further proceed to advanced medical sciences. Learning and comprehending the subject will help medical students further in their studies. The learning environment is one of the major factors that determine the success of a learning process. This study aimed to assess student’s perception of the learning environment on the biology medicine block, as one of the basic medical sciences blocks given in the first semester in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya.Methods: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design on 221 second-year medical students that have undergone the biology medicine block. Assessment is done using Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire.Results: A total of 221 respondents, 67.4% have a good perception of learning, a very good perception of lecturers 115 respondents (52%), a good academic achievement of 62%, a perception of a good learning atmosphere is 72% and a perception of a good environment is 73.8%.Conclusion: The majority of respondents stated good perception among all categories.

Effect of process parameters on mechanical properties of additive manufactured SMP structures based on FDM

Abstract As a new concept and multidisciplinary research area that combines advanced manufacturing, materials science and mechanics, 4D printing has attracted academic interest in the recent years. Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) is widely used in 4D printing due to its high stiffness and fast response. In order to make better analysis and research on additive manufacturing of SMP structures based on FDM, the DMA, DSC and TMA tests were conducted first to determine the basic thermodynamic properties of SMP. And then nine parameters, divided into three groups including printing parameters, temperature parameters and structural parameters were examined to character and assess the effect on the mechanical properties of SMP samples, respectively. The results show that the best parameters combination of temperature and printing parameters for the SMP printing is that platform temperature T P = 65 °C, nozzle temperature T N = 210 °C, feed rate Fr = 50 mm/s, layer thickness Lt = 0.18 mm. Compared with temperature and printing parameters, the structural parameters directly affect the tensile strength of the specimen with improve of 17.298 MPa while these two are 3.639 and 5.528 MPa. The tensile strength of the specimen can be effectively improved through adjusting the structural parameters.

Production of STEM PhD Graduates: First decade of the ASTHRD and ERDT Programs

The first decade (2007–2018) of implementation of the Advanced Science and Technology Human Resource Development Program (ASTHRDP) and the Engineering Research & Development for Technology (ERDT) Program was examined to identify possible best practices and continuing challenges encountered in the production of new Filipino PhD graduates in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The ASTHRDP and the ERDT Program, started in 2007 by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) in partnership with selected Philippine higher education institutions (HEIs), aimed to produce more STEM PhD and MS graduates. The DOST identified ten (10) and eight (8) out of 1900 HEIs, to partner with, in the initial implementation of ASTHRDP and the ERDT, respectively. From 2008 the total number of PhD and MS scholarships awarded per fiscal year both increased at an average annual rate of 18% (PhD: 302 to 893; MS: 956 to 2,832, respectively). The PhD and MS scholarship packages enable an awardee to study fulltime for three and two academic years, respectively. From 2007 to 2015, 662 ASTHRDP PhD scholarships were awarded and produced 373 PhD graduates from 2007 to 2018, with a graduation efficiency rate of 56.34%. The corresponding ERDT rate was 48.13% with 268 PhD scholarships awarded and 129 PhD scholars graduated. The ASTHRDP partner institutions performed at varying individual efficiencies, with the Visayas State University at 100% (with all 16 PhD scholars graduated), University of the Philippines Diliman at 34.34% (34 out of 99), UP Los Baños at 65.59% (162 out of 247). For ERDT, UP Diliman had a graduation rate of 61.1%. The availability of more dissertation research supervisors was identified as a key factor towards improving the ASTHRD and ERDT PhD graduation rates. A number of recommendations are proposed with the aim of improving the program graduation efficiency and producing more highly trained scientists and researchers to serve the national interest.

The Selection and Training Framework for Managers in Business Innovation and Transformation Projects

The riskiest factor in transforming a traditional business environment (BE) into a lean and automated BE is the role of the profile and the corresponding TOGAF managerial recommendations of the business and (e-)business transformation managers (BTM); the influence they have on the concrete implementation phase of business transformation projects (BTP). The basic profile and “The OpenGroup Architecture Framework” (TOGAF)[66] managerial recommendations of such a business transformation manager has not been sufficiently researched in a holistic manner in order to hammer the BTM’s profile and the corresponding TOGAF managerial recommendations; and that is the main goal of the authors’ research [52][37][38]. In fact, currently there are no TOGAF managerial recommendations and educational curricula for such BTM profiles. This research paper deals with the TOGAF managerial recommendations for the BTM selection and education; who has to manage the technical implementation phase of complex business transformation projects; knowing that the BTPs’ implementation phase is the major cause of very high failure rates [20][21]. The implementations of such business transformation projects require a specific set of enterprise business architecture knowledge. The authors have based their research on the main fact that only around 12% of business organizations successfully terminate innovationrelated business transformations projects [8]. “We know that those organizations that are consistently successful at managing innovation-related changes outperform their peers in terms of growth and financial performance” [7]. Therefore, there is an essential need for more research on the BTMs’ profiles and the TOGAF related managerial recommendations. This research project presents an original set of factors and fulfills the need for an efficient tree reasoning model, in the form of a real world framework and recommendations, which affect the BTM’s selection techniques. BTM selectors, professional analysts, project managers, auditors and advanced computer science students, will benefit from this research project.

Multi-Pass Free Electron Laser Assisted Spectral and Imaging Applications in the Terahertz/Far-IR Range Using the Future Superconducting Electron Source BriXSinO

Free-Electron Lasers are a rapidly growing field for advanced science and applications, and worldwide facilities for intense field generation, characterization and usage are becoming increasingly popular due to their peculiarities, including extremely bright, coherent, wide band tunable ultra-short pulses which are not achievable with other techniques up to now. In this review we give a thorough survey of the latest advances in the Free-Electron Laser-based field generation and detection methodologies and then present the main characteristics of a future THz/IR source, named TerRa@BriXSinO, based on a superconducting linear accelerator. The foreseen source is strongly monochromatic, with a bandwidth of 1% or smaller, highly coherent both transversally and longitudinally, with extreme versatility and high frequency tunability. After introducing the most recent and novel FEL-assisted scientific investigations, including fundamental explorations into complex systems and time-dependent interactions and material dynamics, we present our vision on the potential use of the TerRa facility and analyze some possible applications, ranging from non-linear physics under extreme conditions to polarization sensitive imaging and metamaterial-based sensing.

Preface

Due to recent pandemic, the 2022 International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Advanced Materials (ICAMAM 2022) which was planned to be held in Guangzhou, China, was held virtually online during January 21-23, 2022. The decision to hold the virtual conference was made in compliance with many restrictions and regulations that were imposed by countries around the globe. Such restrictions were made to minimize the risk of people contracting or spreading the COVID-19 through physical contact. There were 90 individuals who attended this online conference, represented many countries including Germany, India and China.The conference aims to provide a platform for experts and scholars, engineers and technicians, and technology r&d personnel engaged in applied mechanics and advanced materials science to share scientific research achievements and cutting-edge technologies, strengthen academic research and discussion, and promote the industrialization cooperation of academic achievements. During the three days of the conference, experts, scholars, entrepreneurs and other relevant personnel from universities and research institutions at home and abroad are cordially invited to participate in the conference to witness the achievements and progress in this field.During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and online Q&A discussion. In the first part, some scholars, whose submissions were selected as the excellent papers, were given about 5-10 minutes to perform their oral presentations one by one. Then in the second part, keynote speakers were each allocated 30-45 minutes to hold their speeches. In the second part, we invited three professors as our keynote speakers. Prof. Ze Liu, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Wuhan University, China, performed a speech on Nanofabrication through superplastic molding. His research field is nanofabrication and surface/interface science, including superplastic nanoforming and device application, experimental technology and methods on the microscale, friction and superlubricity. And then we had A. Prof. Xin Ren, Civil Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, China. He delivered a wonderful speech: Materials and structures with negative Poisson’s ratio. Lastly, we were glad to invite Prof. Antonio Caggiano, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany. He is specialized in computational mechanics, multiscale and multi-physics modelling of cementitious systems. Their insightful speeches had triggered heated discussion in the third session of the conference. Every participant praised this conference for disseminating useful and insightful knowledge.The proceedings are a compilation of the accepted papers and represent an interesting outcome of the conference. Topics include but are not limited to the following areas: Applied Mechanics and Engineering Mechanics, Advanced materials and more related topics. All the papers have been through rigorous review and process to meet the requirements of international publication standard.List of Committee member are available in this pdf.

Neem and Turmeric in the management of Covid Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) derived through network pharmacology

Mucormycosis or ‘Black Fungus’ has been known to target immunocompromised individuals even before the emergence of COVID-19. Nevertheless, the present circumstances provide the best opening for Covid Associated Mucormycosis (CAM), as the global pandemic is engulfing a large part of human population making them immunocompromised. This drastic increase in Mucormycosis infections has to be addressed as early as possible. There is a growing tendency of relying upon herbal drugs that have minimal side effects and does not compromise our immune system. Recently, the concept of network pharmacology has grabbed the attention of modern science, especially advanced medical sciences. This is a new discipline that can use computational power to systematically catalogue the molecular interactions between botanical formulations and the human body. In this study, Neem and Turmeric was considered as the target plants and an attempt was made to reveal various aspects through which phytocompounds derived from them may effectively manage CAM menace. We have taken a step-by-step approach for identifying the target proteins and ligands associated with Mucormycosis treatment. Functional network analysis and Molecular docking approaches were applied to validate our findings. Quercetin derived from both Neem and Turmeric was found to be one of the main phytocompounds working against Mucormycosis. Along with that, Caffeic acid, Curcumin, Kaempferol, Tetrahydrocurcumin and Myricetin also play a pivotal role in fighting against Black-Fungus. A thorough analysis of our result suggested a triple-front attack on the fungal pathogens and the approaches are necrosis inhibition, iron chelation and immuno-boosting. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

A Study of Pre-service Teachers in Advanced Science Education's Understanding of the Composition of Light Units in Elementary School Science

A Study of Pre-service Teachers in Advanced Science Education's Understanding of the Composition of Light Units in Elementary School Science

The influence of in-situ alloying of electro-spark deposited coatings on the multiscale morphological and mechanical properties of laser welded Al–Si coated 22MnB5

During laser welding of Al–Si coated 22MnB5 steel, the melted Al–Si coating alloys with the molten weld pool promoting α-ferrite phase formation during the heat-treatment stage of hot-stamping, which results in a fusion-zone (FZ) microstructure consisting of α-ferrite islands disbursed through a martensitic matrix. The presence of the softer ferrite phase is the main cause for premature failure of laser-welded 22MnB5 joints in the hot-stamped condition. This work showed that surface modification of the Al–Si coating using an additive manufacturing technique called electro-spark deposition (ESD) prior to laser welding prevented α-ferrite formation in the FZ post-welding and hot-stamping. This was achieved by the in-situ alloying of ferrite-suppressing carbides and austenite-stabilizing elements. These alloying agents were added to the FZ by applying different ESD-modified coatings to the material surface, which melted into the molten weld pool during laser welding, leading to the simultaneous dispersion and solid-solution strengthening of the FZ after hot-stamping, respectively. The modification of the Al–Si coating prior to welding using tungsten-carbide (WC) and Inconel 625 (In625) resulted in drastically improved mechanical properties of the welded joint in the hot-stamped condition. In fact, this study showed that by carefully modifying the as-received Al–Si coating using ESD prior to laser welding could be used as an effective method to shift failure from the FZ, where it normally occurs, to the base material (BM). This work is highly relevant to the on-going discussion in the advanced manufacturing and materials science communities regarding the production of functionally-graded components as it proposes the implementation of an advanced processing technique to achieve the production of novel materials with highly optimized properties.

How Knowledge Graphs are Changing Data Analytics

Abstract Knowledge graphs are a big trend in the advanced data science world, but aren’t as widely known as they could be. Graph Database Expert Maya Natarajan says that needs to change.

Identification of recurrent genetic patterns from targeted sequencing panels with advanced data science: a case-study on sporadic and genetic neurodegenerative diseases

BackgroundTargeted Next Generation Sequencing is a common and powerful approach used in both clinical and research settings. However, at present, a large fraction of the acquired genetic information is not used since pathogenicity cannot be assessed for most variants. Further complicating this scenario is the increasingly frequent description of a poli/oligogenic pattern of inheritance showing the contribution of multiple variants in increasing disease risk. We present an approach in which the entire genetic information provided by target sequencing is transformed into binary data on which we performed statistical, machine learning, and network analyses to extract all valuable information from the entire genetic profile. To test this approach and unbiasedly explore the presence of recurrent genetic patterns, we studied a cohort of 112 patients affected either by genetic Creutzfeldt–Jakob (CJD) disease caused by two mutations in the PRNP gene (p.E200K and p.V210I) with different penetrance or by sporadic Alzheimer disease (sAD).ResultsUnsupervised methods can identify functionally relevant sources of variation in the data, like haplogroups and polymorphisms that do not follow Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, such as the NOTCH3 rs11670823 (c.3837 + 21 T > A). Supervised classifiers can recognize clinical phenotypes with high accuracy based on the mutational profile of patients. In addition, we found a similar alteration of allele frequencies compared the European population in sporadic patients and in V210I-CJD, a poorly penetrant PRNP mutation, and sAD, suggesting shared oligogenic patterns in different types of dementia. Pathway enrichment and protein–protein interaction network revealed different altered pathways between the two PRNP mutations.ConclusionsWe propose this workflow as a possible approach to gain deeper insights into the genetic information derived from target sequencing, to identify recurrent genetic patterns and improve the understanding of complex diseases. This work could also represent a possible starting point of a predictive tool for personalized medicine and advanced diagnostic applications.

Klyuchevsky as a Historian and Political Scientist

In the article, the author analyzes the division of culture that took place during the Renaissance. Studying the later works of a Russian imperial historian Vasily Klyuchevsky, the author concluded that there were two opposing cultures — “first culture”, which represented traditional values of the state, and the new “second culture” — a culture of early modernity, which focused on liberal thought. According to the author’s arguments, Klyuchevsky was a very talented pedagogue and a very prolific political scientist, perhaps first of its kind in Russia. He developed numerous scientific approaches to history as a science, which have led to the emergence of the so-called “l’École Russe” — a school of thought and a continental system of methodic procedures that have greatly advanced European civic sciences. As an experienced political analyst, he objectively assessed the Russian state and its ruling elite. However, perhaps his greatest achievement was in showcasing the insolvency of the liberal route of development in the Russian Empire. Klyuchevsky saw a great humanitarian disaster in the advancement of liberalism in Russia, as it has fractured the national and historical system of values of the Russian people. In contemporary Russia, this problem, highlighted by V. Klyuchevsky, has become even more urgent. The defeat in the Cold War has made the country dependent on culture dominated by liberal thought, which was forcefully introduced into Russia by the supporters of the pro-western path of development in the late twentieth century. And unless a major step towards reanimation of traditional culture as well as a socio-political system is consciously pursued by the current regime, Russia might lose the remains of its sovereignty.

A Data-Driven Approach for Studying the Influence of Carbides on Work Hardening of Steel.

This study proposes a new approach to determine phenomenological or physical relations between microstructure features and the mechanical behavior of metals bridging advanced statistics and materials science in a study of the effect of hard precipitates on the hardening of metal alloys. Synthetic microstructures were created using multi-level Voronoi diagrams in order to control microstructure variability and then were used as samples for virtual tensile tests in a full-field crystal plasticity solver. A data-driven model based on Functional Principal Component Analysis (FPCA) was confronted with the classical Voce law for the description of uniaxial tensile curves of synthetic AISI 420 steel microstructures consisting of a ferritic matrix and increasing volume fractions of carbides. The parameters of the two models were interpreted in terms of carbide volume fractions and texture using linear mixed-effects models.

Causal theory error in college students\u2019 understanding of science studies

When reasoning about science studies, people often make causal theory errors by inferring or accepting a causal claim based on correlational evidence. While humans naturally think in terms of causal relationships, reasoning about science findings requires understanding how evidence supports—or fails to support—a causal claim. This study investigated college students’ thinking about causal claims presented in brief media reports describing behavioral science findings. How do science students reason about causal claims from correlational evidence? And can their reasoning be improved through instruction clarifying the nature of causal theory error? We examined these questions through a series of written reasoning exercises given to advanced college students over three weeks within a psychology methods course. In a pretest session, students critiqued study quality and support for a causal claim from a brief media report suggesting an association between two variables. Then, they created diagrams depicting possible alternative causal theories. At the beginning of the second session, an instructional intervention introduced students to an extended example of a causal theory error through guided questions about possible alternative causes. Then, they completed the same two tasks with new science reports immediately and again 1 week later. The results show students’ reasoning included fewer causal theory errors after the intervention, and this improvement was maintained a week later. Our findings suggest that interventions aimed at addressing reasoning about causal claims in correlational studies are needed even for advanced science students, and that training on considering alternative causal theories may be successful in reducing casual theory error.

Comparative Evaluation Of Push Out Bond Strength Of Endosequence Bc Sealer As Against Mta Plus Sealers When Used With Different Obturation Techniques

New technologies have led to the concept of recent bioactive dental materials, which makes the majority of today’s dentists to produce substantial endodontic results. The introduction of advanced material science made tremendous changes in the dental practice. Aim and Objectives : Aim of this study was to assess and compare the push-out bond strength of Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM putty), White Mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and Biodentine after incubation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 7 days, 30 days and 45 days. Materials and methods : 90 extracted single rooted human premolar teeth were used in this study. To avoid the desiccation of teeth after extraction, the teeth were kept in hydrogen peroxide solution and washed under tap water. Then the teeth were cleaned with pumice and stored in normal saline at 37˚C until use. The middle 1/3rd portion of each root was sectioned at right angle to the long axis to produce discs of 2.00 ± 0.05 mm thickness using a diamond disc with continuous water irrigation. Finally, 90 root slices were produced. The specimens were dipped in 17% EDTA for 3 min followed by 3 % NaOCl for the same period of time and then rinsed with distilled water and dried. The specimens were divided randomly into 3 groups: Group I- ERRM, Group II - White MTA, Group III- Biodentine. PBS solution was changed every 5 days to replenish the buffering capacity of the PBS. All specimens were incubated at 37ºC. After the completion of experiments, the specimens were sent to the push-out test. Analysis of data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics both. The software SPSS 17.0, EPI_INFO 6.0 version and Graph Pad Prism 5.0 version was used and p<0.05 is considered as level of significance. Result and conclusion : Highest push out bond strength was seen with ERRM at all incubation times followed by mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine .It has been observed that increase in the incubation time had increased push-out bond strength of the material significantly.