Advanced Operating Systems Research Articles

Optical Networks Automation Overview: A Survey

The increasing demand for data has driven the advancement of optical networks from traditional architectures to more flexible, dynamic and efficient solutions. This includes technologies like flexgrid reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs), variable bandwidth transponders (VBTs) providing different modulation, coding schemes and baud rates. These advancements have brought about new challenges that concerns to the routing and spectrum allocation (RSA), fragmented spectrum, need for rapid and efficient channel restoration, and operation and maintenance management of optical networks. To address these challenges, a dynamic and flexible network requires a highly advanced network operational system (OS) capable of efficiently managing and allocating network resources. It relies on network abstraction, sensors, actuators, and software-defined networking (SDN) to enable algorithms, management, control, and decision-making. Improving the sensing capabilities of the network is crucial. Modern hardware and sensor technology can help forecast fiber breaks, equipment failures, and other potential issues in advance, allowing for proactive actions to be taken. Machine learning (ML) methods have been proposed in the literature to enhance the accuracy of quality of transmission (QoT) estimation, mitigate nonlinearities and provide decisions. This reduces the need for conservative design margins, maximizes the capacity of optical network systems and reduces the investment in infrastructure. Failure management is a critical aspect of optical networks. Providing early-warning and proactive protection is essential. This includes detecting failures, localizing them, identifying the root causes, and estimating their magnitude. Quick response to failures is vital to maintaining network reliability

Application of Model-based Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework to Thermal Power Plant Operation Considering Performance Change

In recent years, there have been increasing expectations for the development of advanced plant operational support systems that can automate complex tasks and autonomouslyoptimize operational procedures in thermal power plants. The performance of the equipment changes during operation and maintenance; hence, it is necessary to adjust the operating process to satisfy the operational constraints. In this study, we investigated a framework based on model-based deep reinforcement learning for acquiring control methods that are robust to changes in equipment performance using a digital twin model. A case study of the operational planning of a thermal power plant was presented and it was demonstrated that a stable control system can be constructed even when plant characteristics are changing.

Freshwater Shortage, Salinity Increase, and Global Food Production: A Need for Sustainable Irrigation Water Desalination—A Scoping Review

Climate-change-induced freshwater shortage and saline intrusion have been posing significant risks to agricultural sectors in arid and semi-arid regions, negatively impacting irrigation, crop yield, and food production. Climate-smart sustainable solutions are the requirement to combat these major concerns. To overcome freshwater scarcity, pressure-driven desalination techniques are used that require advanced operational systems and electricity, which creates an additional economic burden when applied in the agriculture sector. Therefore, more sustainable methods for soil and water desalination using plant-, microbial-, algal-, biomass-, and carbon-based systems are needed. This scoping review addresses the effects of climate change on freshwater shortage and global food production, the influence of salinity and sodicity on agriculture, and sustainable desalination technologies.

A rapid refresh ensemble based data assimilation and forecast system for the RELAMPAGO field campaign

This paper describes the lessons learned from the implementation of a regional ensemble data assimilation and forecast system during the intensive observing period of the Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Mesoscale/microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations (RELAMPAGO) field campaign (central Argentina, November–December 2018). This system is based on the coupling of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF). It combines multiple data sources both global and locally available like high-resolution surface networks, AMDAR data from local aircraft flights, soundings, AIRS retrievals, high-resolution GOES-16 wind estimates, and local radar data. Hourly analyses with grid spacing of 10 km are generated along with warm-start 36-h ensemble-forecasts, which are initialized from the rapid refresh analyses every three hours. A preliminary evaluation shows that a forecast error reduction is achieved due to the assimilated observations. However, cold-start forecasts initialized from the Global Forecasting System Analysis slightly outperform the ones initialized from the regional assimilation system discussed in this paper. The system uses a multi-physics approach, focused on the use of different cumulus and planetary boundary layer schemes allowing us to conduct an evaluation of different model configurations over central Argentina. We found that the best combinations for forecasting surface variables differ from the best ones for forecasting precipitation, and that differences among the schemes tend to dominate the forecast ensemble spread for variables like precipitation. Lessons learned from this experimental system are part of the legacy of the RELAMPAGO field campaign for the development of advanced operational data assimilation systems in South America.

ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ИНТЕРАКТИВНОЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ ПО ФИЗИКЕ

Nowadays, students’ individual work is becoming the basis of the educational process which is developing by means of information technologies with a view to reaching informatization. The article provides the review of the works which emphasize the role of information technologies in improving the educational process. An important stage in increasing the quality of education is developing and implementing specialized training software that is an effective means for personalizing of education, increasing motivation and cognitive capacity of the students. There has been presented the operating principle of the developed training and monitoring computer program “Practicum” for independent performance of practical tasks in physics. The program is written in Java in the NetBeans programming environment and runs on Linux, Windows XP and more advanced operating systems. To create graphic data (charts, drawings, formulas for the training tasks) the graphic editor Affinity Designer was used. A user can solve a problem on line, the continuity principle and the main component parts of a traditional workshop being observed. All these allow using the software for training first-year students who do not have any experience of individual learning. There has been presented a block diagram for performing tasks by using a computer program. The detailed sequence of stages in the block diagram has been given. The software has been used in the educational process of the cadets of Far-Eastern Institute of Navigation and Fisheries in the academic year of 2018-2019. The advantages and implementation difficulties of the software have been identified.

Track-Before-Detect Bearings-Only Localization Performance in Complex Passive Sonar Scenarios: A Case Study

Track-before-detect (TkBD) algorithms have been shown to greatly abate measurement-to-track association (MTA) challenges. These simplifications are aptly relevant for reducing operator workload in deployed sonar systems that require a human “in the loop.” This paper presents a case study of a passive bearings-only target motion analysis TkBD algorithm using two complex data sets: one simulated and one obtained at sea, which are representative of scenario characteristics typically encountered with advanced operational sonar systems. The simulated data set exhibits crossing contacts of differing signal-to-noise ratios and short data gaps. The at-sea data, obtained from an open ocean exercise, are used to assess performance under realistic conditions that exhibit high levels of clutter, varying background noise levels, fading contacts, a high bearing-rate contact, and large data gaps. The TkBD algorithm is designed for the general complexities encountered in the examined data sets and employs a particle filter that defines its likelihood function as the accumulation of raster bin values from the output of the sonar beamformer conditioned on the particle's state trajectory. For the scenarios examined the localization performance of the algorithm is encouraging. The paper briefly reviews the chief motivation for using a TkBD approach, which is to circumvent MTA.

User-Satisfaction-Aware Power Management in Mobile Devices Based on Perceptual Computing

Present day portable devices such as laptops, smartphones, etc., offer their users fastest processors, advanced operating systems, and numerous applications. However, a large section of the users are critical to the available battery capacity and its lifetime. This is because performance of the battery and its lifetime as perceived by the users are quite subjective in nature. It depends directly on user satisfactions, which are usually expressed in terms of words. So, in this paper, we propose a user-satisfaction-aware energy management approach, called “perceptual computer power management approach (Per-C PMA),” based on the technique of perceptual computing. At the heart of our technique is the perceptual computer that processes the linguistic input of the users to aid in the selection of a suitable processor frequency, which plays a significant role in the overall energy consumption of the systems. The Per-C PMA minimizes the energy consumption, while still keeping the user satisfied with the perceived system performance. The Per-C PMA achieves 1) reductions of 42.26% and 10.84% in power consumption, and 2) improvements in the overall satisfaction ratings of 16% and 10%, when compared to other existing power-saving schemes such as ON-DEMAND and human and application-driven frequency scaling for processor power efficiency, respectively. Per-C PMA is the first such application of Per-C on any hardware platform. It is implemented as Ubuntu scripts for end users and can be downloaded from: http://sau.ac.in/∼cilab/ . We have also provided the MATLAB files so that interested researchers can use it in their research. For the ease of the users, the Ubuntu scripts and the MATLAB codes are given in the graphical user interface mode; a demo video on how to use the software is also provided on the webpage.

Schematic Design of Comprehensive Economic Operation and Optimization Analysis System for Low-voltage Smart Distribution Area

Aimed at the problems that are generally existed in 10kV distribution network area, such as low automation and inaccessible remote monitoring, etc. An advanced distribution economic operation and optimization analysis system was developed based on smart area, which included smart distribution area, IDTT distribution terminal, communication network and main station construction. In aspect of smart distribution area construction, the original distribution area was updated and rebuilt, and based on which, the basic monitoring and analysis function of distribution area was achieved, moreover, a new type of smart distribution area based on ZJP-II-type of distribution terminal was designed. Its design principle and the main station construction scheme were discussed in details, and its main functions were summarized. Based on realtime monitoring, the whole system can make analysis on the area load rate, reliability rate, balance rate, and load increase trend, etc. as well as make timely response to the faults occurred in area, thus can achieve intelligent and refinement management on distribution area and provide guidance of the distribution area updating and rebuilding for the operation management units.

Schematic Design of Comprehensive Economic Operation and Optimization Analysis System for Low-voltage Smart Distribution Area

Aimed at the problems that are generally existed in 10kV distribution network area, such as low automation and inaccessible remote monitoring, etc. An advanced distribution economic operation and optimization analysis system was developed based on smart area, which included smart distribution area, IDTT distribution terminal, communication network and main station construction. In aspect of smart distribution area construction, the original distribution area was updated and rebuilt, and based on which, the basic monitoring and analysis function of distribution area was achieved, moreover, a new type of smart distribution area based on ZJP-II-type of distribution terminal was designed. Its design principle and the main station construction scheme were discussed in details, and its main functions were summarized. Based on realtime monitoring, the whole system can make analysis on the area load rate, reliability rate, balance rate, and load increase trend, etc. as well as make timely response to the faults occurred in area, thus can achieve intelligent and refinement management on distribution area and provide guidance of the distribution area updating and rebuilding for the operation management units.

Modelling and Simulation Methodology for Dynamic Resources Assignment System in Container Terminal

Abstract As the competition among international container terminals has become increasingly fierce, every port is striving to maintain the competitive edge and provide satisfactory services to port users. By virtue of information technology enhancement, many efforts to raise port competitiveness through an advanced operation system are actively being made, and judging from the viewpoint of investment effect, these efforts are more preferable than infrastructure expansion and additional equipment acquisition. Based on simulation, this study has tried to prove that RFID-based real-time location system (RTLS) data collection and dynamic operation of transfer equipment brings a positive effect on the productivity improvement and resource utilization enhancement. Moreover, this study on the demand for the real-time data for container terminal operation have been made, and operation processes have been redesigned along with the collection of related data, and based on them, simulations have been conducted. As a result of them, much higher productivity improvement could be expected.

A Continuous Hand Gestures Recognition Technique for Human-Machine Interaction Using Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensors

Recent advances in smart devices have sustained them as a better alternative for the design of human–machine interaction (HMI), because they are equipped with accelerometer sensor, gyroscope sensor, and an advanced operating system. This paper presents a continuous hand gestures recognition technique that is capable of continuous recognition of hand gestures using three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope sensors in a smart device. To reduce the influence of unstableness of a hand making the gesture and compress the data, a gesture coding algorithm is developed. An automatic gesture spotting algorithm is developed to detect the start and end points of meaningful gesture segments. Finally, a gesture is recognized by comparing the gesture code with gesture database using dynamic time warping algorithm. In addition, a prototype system is developed to recognize the continuous hand gestures-based HMI. With the smartphone, the user is able to perform the predefined gestures and control smart appliances using the Samsung AllShare protocol.

COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW ON SECURITY SOLUTIONS FOR MOBILE DEVICES

“A smartphone is a mobile phone with an advanced mobile operating system which combines features of a personal computer and more important is its size, advanced processing capability as well as connectivity capabilities, smaller cost, and their ability to connect multi-purpose third party or devices applications. Smartphone’s are in high demands in both office and private work”. Use of android permission-based security model makes the application access to device resources very difficult. The main drawback is that users cannot have adequate control over the device and also it does not provide information how third party applications uses personal data of users. While installing applications and getting permission warnings users are unable to take right security decisions.This paper provides the overview about development of a risk assessment method in order to resolve security related issues at Android Smart phone. In this paper authors have given 3 methods:1)“Smartphone risk assessment (SRA) is the design of risk assessment implemented on Android Smartphone”. System Usability Scale (SUS) is being used as a questionnaire for the evaluation of SRA and the result is remarkable. The users find SRA very beneficial against the threats of the smartphones or any applications related to sensitive data leakage.2) “WHYPER a framework using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques which is basically used to identify sentences that describe the need for a given permission in an application description”.3)one more method of risk assessment that authors have discussed in this paper is RiskMon that gives idea about assessing risks based on machine learned ranking sustained by users for applications based on Android.The main advantage of this method is that if there is “any sensitive data leakage users can increase the level of security of the device.”

Problem solving, confidence and frustration when carrying out familiar tasks on non-familiar mobile devices

Smart mobile devices, which are hand-held electronic devices with an advanced operating system (such as the Android platform) connected via a wireless protocol, have become an integral and essential part of our everyday life, and support both social and workplace activities. However, adopting mobile technology within the workplace setting can give rise to challenges that impact user behaviour and performance. A study was carried out amongst 90 participants located in two countries, using internet connectivity as a case study. Confidence and frustration have previously been connected with technology competence, but this was not applied to a workplace scenario during problem-solving, when users are assigned an unfamiliar smart mobile device. This research focuses on identifying the link between workplace users' levels of confidence and frustration when seeking to independently solve problems whilst completing familiar tasks on new smart mobile devices. A detailed video analysis of users' attitudes and behaviour during problem-solving was conducted, emphasising a correlation between attitudes and behaviour towards completing a task.

Study on overhead transmission line on-line monitoring technology

paper introduces a new idea for overhead transmission line online monitoring. The basis of the paper has been developed upon years of research conducted by power engineers, and a new advanced transmission line safe operation monitoring system is proposed successfully. Furthermore, we used artificial neural network(ANN) for diagnosis examples, to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the advanced transmission line safe operation system.

Incorporating smartphones into clinical practice.

Incorporating smartphones into clinical practice.

A method for supporting runtime environments simultaneously served by multiple memory managers for operating systems based on second-generation microkernel

Paging is an important virtual memory mechanism used in advanced operating systems for making illusion of infinite memory. However currently available second-generation microkernels provide only limited, inflexible, and unnatural support for this mechanism. The solutions used in them are implemented at the runtime level, and they incur considerable overheads. These overheads are caused by a large number of switches between different processor modes and thread context switches. The limited support of virtual memory by operating systems based on the second-generation microkernel considerably reduces the attractiveness of their usage. The reason for this is that the computer systems encountered in practice typically use many memory managers simultaneously. This paper proposes a new approach aimed at improving the support of virtual memory for operating systems based on second-generation microkernels. It is based on the implementation of the explicit intrakernel support for runtime environments simultaneously served by multiple memory managers. According to this approach, the virtual address space is divided into multiple regions each of which may be assigned a specific memory manager. This division makes it possible to organize a simple and efficient dispatching of page fault exceptions. Mechanisms for second-generation microkernel are proposed that support runtime environments that are simultaneously served by multiple memory managers. These mechanisms have improved performance and flexibility. The proposed solution is compared with the well-known L4 + L4Re solution in terms of the cost of page fault handling. The proposed solution reduces by a third the overhead due to processor mode and thread context switches compared with the L4 + L4Re approach, which is used in Fiasco.OC based on the modern version of the second-generation microkernel L4/Fiasco.

A Study on the iOS-to-Android Converter using a Resource Converter and a Platform Mapping Engine

The iOS platform developed by Apple is the world’s most advanced mobile operating system, continually redefining what people can do with a mobile device. platform developed by Samsung is a smart phone platform, which is created for wide range of device. Bada is a Korean word that means ocean and seashore. bada in itself embodies the open possibilities of the ocean. Due to the use of different smart phone platforms, game developers must create content designed specifically for each platform or use a conversion process to provide game content to consumers. In this paper, to resolve this problem, the iOSto-Bada automatic smart game converter was designed to automatically translate game contents from the iOS platform to the platform for smart phones. Through the iOS-toBada converter, resources such as images and sounds can be converted, APIs can be converted using a platform mapping engine. These and all other content conversion functions were examined. Test results indicate that the graphics, image output, sound output, and other functions of converted games were equivalent to those of the iOS games before conversion.

2A1-T05 制振技能獲得のための操作者の運動特性評価と制振位置決め制御(人間機械協調)

This paper discusses an advanced operational assistance system for a transfer system with vibration elements. The transfer system such as a crane is manipulated typically by the operator. However, the operator skills with the vibration suppression, the short time transfer, and the high precision positioning are required to manipulate the transfer system. In order to realize the operator skills, the evaluation system of the operator's motion characteristics and the operation assistance system for vibration suppression are proposed in this study. In the evaluation system, the ability of the vibration suppression by the operator in the frequency domain is clarified. And, the vibration including the natural frequency with which the operator is difficult to suppress the vibration can be suppressed by the assistance system. By the proposed system, the vibration suppression and the high precision positioning can be realized.

Validation of satellite sounder environmental data records: Application to the Cross‐track Infrared Microwave Sounder Suite

The Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Cross‐track Infrared Microwave Sounder Suite (CrIMSS) is an advanced operational satellite sounding system concept comprised of the Cross‐track Infrared Sounder and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder. These are synergistically designed to retrieve key environmental data records (EDR), namely atmospheric vertical temperature, moisture, and pressure profiles. CrIMSS will serve as the low‐Earth orbit satellite sounding system, starting with the Suomi National Polar‐orbiting Partnership (S‐NPP) satellite and spanning the JPSS‐1 and JPSS‐2 satellites. This paper organizes the general paradigm for validation of atmospheric profile EDR retrieved from satellite nadir sounder systems (e.g., CrIMSS) as a synthesis of complementary methods and statistical assessment metrics. The validation methodology is ordered hierarchically to include global numerical model comparisons, satellite EDR intercomparisons, radiosonde matchup assessments (conventional, dedicated, and reference), and intensive campaign “dissections.” We develop and recommend the proper approach for computing profile statistics relative to correlative data derived from high‐resolution in situ data (viz., radiosondes) reduced to forward model layers. The standard statistical metrics used for EDR product assessments on “coarse layers” are defined along with an overview of water vapor weighting schemes and the use of averaging kernels. We then overview the application of the methodology to CrIMSS within the context of the JPSS calibration/validation program, with focus given to summarizing the core data sets to be used for validation of S‐NPP sounder EDR products.

Making It All Compute: Busting Cultural Barriers from Egypt to the United States

Lamia Youseff, a project manager at Google, was a few years into her graduate program in computer science at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), when she suddenly noticed that she was the only female student in her advanced operating systems class. She was somewhat baffled. Her undergraduate class in computer science at The American University in Cairo had been 50% men and 50% women, and it was common for a female student to be at the top of the class. "I never realized that computer science as a field is a male-dominated field until I moved to the U.S.," she says. "Luckily," she adds, "I was the top student in that class as well."