With the rapid development of the digital age, information security, from personal data to national security, is becoming increasingly crucial. Information security primarily refers to the computation and processing of diverse information in computer systems and information exchange networks in order to safeguard information security. Cryptography is the technical foundation for achieving these objectives. In the early stages of education, advanced mathematics, linear algebra, probability theory, and other fundamental disciplines must be studied, although the practical application of modern algebra, cryptography, number theory, and mathematical knowledge will vary. This study explores the application of current algebra in cryptography, including both traditional and modern cryptographic applications, using a literature review approach. By comparing images from various eras, the researchers discovered that images were classed as "traditional" and "modern" at various times. Moreover, the likelihood of both traditional and modern images being identified throughout the modern era is comparatively higher.