Advanced Manufacturing Industry Research Articles

Surface Finishing of Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V Alloy: A Comparison between Abrasive Fluidized Bed and Laser Finishing.

Metal additive manufacturing is a major concern for advanced manufacturing industries thanks to its ability to manufacture complex-shaped parts in materials that are difficult to machine using conventional methods. Nowadays, it is increasingly being used in the industrial manufacturing of titanium-alloy components for aerospace and medical industries; however, the main weakness of structural parts is the fatigue life, which is affected by surface quality, meaning the micro-cracking of small surface defects induced by the manufacturing process. Laser finishing and Abrasive Fluidized Bed are proposed by the authors since they represent cost-effective and environment-friendly alternatives for automated surface finishing. A comparison between these two finishing technologies was established and discussed. Experimental tests investigated both mechanical properties and fatigue performances. The tests also focused on understanding the basic mechanisms involved in fatigue failures of machined Ti-6Al-4V components fabricated via Electron Beam Melting and the effects of operational parameters. X-ray tomography was used to evaluate the internal porosity to better explain the fatigue behaviour. The results demonstrated the capability of Laser finishing and Abrasive Fluidized Beds to improve failure performances. Life Cycle Analysis was additionally performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technologies in terms of environmental impact and resource consumption.

Multiple output analysis for advanced waveform and controlled short-circuit MIG/MAG variants

The latest advancements of MIG/MAG welding technologies have experienced a steep evolution in functionality, reliability, and ever-growing process and weld controllability, within widely interdisciplinary approaches and driven by demanding trends of Advanced Manufacturing (Industry 4.0). Technologic development can be optimized through basic research, which focuses on understanding the physical phenomena involved in metal transfer, weld pool behavior, and bead geometric formation and their correlation with each other and with the process’s variables. In this context, the objective of this work is to compare different waveforms of the short-circuiting MIG/MAG process with current control, namely CCC and SOFT, with the conventional process version, evaluating the influence of the electrical parameters on process stability and the general morphology of the weld beads. Analysis of metal transfer by means of high-speed filming and thermal analysis by infrared thermography supported conventional oscillographic monitoring for process characterization. Spatter emission assessment by means of image analysis was performed as well. The process’s versions with current control resulted in better operational weldability, geometric control of the bead, and lower spatter emission.

The Influence of Industrial Structure Upgrade on Coupling and Coordinated Development-Empirical Analysis From Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Pharmaceutical Service Industries.

The degree of coupling and coordination between the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and the medical service industry crucially requires improvement by promoting the development of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry through industrial structure upgrading to narrow the gap between them. First, this article uses the coupling coordination degree model to measure the coupling coordination degree of the Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and medical service industry; then, it theoretically analyzes the mechanism through which upgrading the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry's industrial structure can improve the coupling coordination degree. Finally, we empirically test the impact of upgrading the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry's industrial structure on the coupling and coordination degree between it and the medical service industry. The main conclusions are as follows: (1). The quantile regression model shows that having an advanced pharmaceutical manufacturing industry positively affects its coupling and coordination with the medical service industry; (2). A threshold regression model is tested, and it is found that only when the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry reaches an advanced level can it significantly promote joint and coordinated development with the medical service industry; (3). Rationalizing the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry structure will inhibit a high level of coordination between it and the medical service industry and their coordinated development.

Heterogeneity of Total Factor Productivity of Export Tobacco Enterprises Under the Link of Tobacco Production Scheduling

Objectives: The production scheduling of tobacco enterprises belongs to the production arrangement level, that is, to the decision-making management level. Production scheduling chain management started relatively late in tobacco enterprises. Methods: By combining TFP and production scheduling chain through scheduling coordination function, they can achieve the same goal of organic link. This can enable tobacco enterprises to develop products with excellent quality and stable performance, so as to improve the export volume and create considerable economic benefits. Results: The TFP (total factor productivity) of enterprises from the perspective of heterogeneity to test the applicability of the new trade theory to China's agricultural export enterprises. It measures the TFP and its heterogeneity from the micro enterprise level, and shows that the average increasing rate TFP of China's agricultural export enterprises is 4.2%. At the regional level, the TFP growth rate in the western region is the highest. The TFP of state-owned enterprises is the lowest, with an average increasing rate of 6.6%. Conclusion: More attention should be paid to the active introduction of new factors to accelerate the establishment and development of a modern tobacco system. Moreover, advanced factors of the Internet, digitization, and intelligence should be combined to promote an in-depth integration of the producer services, advanced manufacturing industry, and modern agriculture to achieve free flow and effective allocation of various factors for technical progress.

A multi-scenario input-output economy-energy-environment nexus management model for Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration

Synergistic management of economy-energy-environment nexus (EEEN) system is essential for balancing the tradeoff among economic development, energy supply, and environment conservation. In this study, a multi-scenario input-output economy-energy-environment nexus management (abbreviated as MIO-ENM) model is developed through incorporating input-output model (IOM), scenario analysis, and simulation-optimization techniques within a general framework. MIO-ENM is capable of identifying the main factors affecting the EEEN system as well as generating optimal strategies supporting regional sustainability. The MIO-ENM model is applied to planning EEEN of Pearl River Delta (abbreviated as PRD) urban agglomeration over a long-term planning horizon (2021–2035). Results for planning economic and energy-related activities have been obtained, which can be used for further generating decision alternatives. Results disclose that: (i) development of advanced manufacturing and service industry can improve the regional economic efficiency; (ii) under all scenarios, the proportion of electricity in energy consumption would exceed 35% mainly due to the environmental requirement; (iii) the annual economic growth rate is suggested around 6.0% during 2021–2035; (iv) compared to the conventional approach, the integrated modeling of EEEN can generate optimal joint-management strategies for economy development, energy production, and environmental protection, which are beneficial to the sustainability of the PRD urban agglomeration.

Migration of manufacturing industries and transfer of carbon emissions embodied in trade: empirical evidence from China and Thailand.

At present, China's carbon emissions rank first in the world, which not only brings huge challenges to the sustainable development of China's economy, but also brings more pressure from public opinion in the international community. With the outward migration of China's manufacturing industries to Southeast Asia, the carbon emissions embodied in trade has also been transferred. These trends provide a good opportunity to analyze the characteristics of transnational industrial restructuring and spatial structure transformation of carbon emissions between China and Southeast Asian countries. In 2020, ASEAN has become China's largest trading partner, and Thailand, due to its unique industrial structure and investment environment, will surely become one of the main ASEAN countries to undertake the transfer of China's manufacturing industry. Over the years, the shift of carbon emissions by the continuous transfer of a large number of basic manufacturing industries from China to Thailand promoted the release of China's carbon emission pressure. In this article, on the basis of the data of import and export commodities between China and Thailand from 2012 to 2017, the input-output model is carried out to analyze the energy consumption of China's various industries, and three periods, namely 2012, 2015, and 2017, are used to be key periods to calculate the embodied carbon of China's manufacturing migration and Sino-Thailand trade. The empirical results show that the transfer of China's manufacturing to Thailand from 2012 to 2017 has continued to rise. The transfer of Chinese manufacturing to Thailand is positively correlated with the carbon emissions of trade between the two countries, which has promoted the relief of China's pressure on energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, government departments should formulate differentiated and stable domestic manufacturing policies, spend on the development of advanced manufacturing industries with low energy consumption and high technology density, and encourage the relocation of industries with low technology density and high-carbon emissions to effectively reduce environmental pressure in China.

Analysis on the mode and effect of the integration development of international advanced manufacturing industry and science and technology service

Analysis on the mode and effect of the integration development of international advanced manufacturing industry and science and technology service

Evaluation index system for the development performance of science and technology service platform oriented to advanced manufacturing industry

Evaluation index system for the development performance of science and technology service platform oriented to advanced manufacturing industry

The Promotion of Deep Integration of Modern Service Industry and Advanced Manufacturing Industry

The Promotion of Deep Integration of Modern Service Industry and Advanced Manufacturing Industry

Performance of Sustainable Development and Technological Innovation Based on Green Manufacturing Technology of Artificial Intelligence and Block Chain

The powerful advanced manufacturing industry is the most powerful driving force for economic development and growth, and it is also the main source of environmental pollution. Artificial intelligence and blockchain technology are recognized as a breakthrough technology that can be widely used, changing the way the entire society and economy operate. The main constraints affecting the sustainable development of the manufacturing industry are ecological deterioration and resource shortage, but the development of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology provides new ideas for solving manufacturing problems. Based on this, this paper proposes a research on the sustainable development performance of green manufacturing technology innovation based on artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. This paper deeply grasps the essence and connotation of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology, analyzes its specific application form and research background, searches for the effective effect of manufacturing technology innovation and green manufacturing performance path, and clarifies the mechanism between the two. All measurement items in the questionnaire used in this article use Likert5 scale and use 1–5 options to indicate the degree of conformity with the actual situation of the enterprise. The results show that the average green manufacturing capacity of each measurement item is between 3.18∼3.97, indicating that the company's green manufacturing capacity is relatively high. Among them, the ability of green technology innovation is relatively high, indicating that most companies have noticed that the improvement of the ability of green technology innovation plays a vital role in the future sustainable development of enterprises. Moreover, more and more companies are paying attention to the latest applications of blockchain technology, which can effectively promote the development of enterprises.

Exploration on Reform of Materials Forming and Control Engineering for Intelligent and Additive Manufacturing

With the development of new technologies such as intelligent manufacturing and additive manufacturing, it is necessary to reform and upgrade traditional major of materials forming and control engineering. In 2019, the major of materials forming and control engineering in University of Shanghai for Science and Technology successfully passed China engineering education certification. In order to meet the requirements of continuous improvement, new courses on intelligent manufacturing and additive manufacturing are added into the new training program of the major, and new major orientations are designed in the curriculum system, which can better fit the training demand of excellent talents from advanced manufacturing industries of Shanghai and Yangtze River Delta.

Towards a comprehensive understanding of distortion in additive manufacturing based on assumption of constraining force

ABSTRACT Additive manufacturing has shown giant potential in advanced manufacturing industry. However, distortion of additive-manufactured parts may interrupt the printing process and decrease manufacturing precision, causing a significant waste of time and money. Distortion, a common problem in additive manufacturing, has not been sufficiently researched. In this study, we provide a comprehensive understanding of distortion in additive manufacturing based on assumption of constraining force. A quantitative model was established to illustrate inconsistent shrinkage during the additive process. A qualitative model was then built for showing the distortion caused by inconsistent shrinkage. It can be founded that inconsistent shrinkage accumulated during the additive process drives the final distortion of part. We concluded most influencing factors of distortion together, forming towards a comprehensive understanding of distortion in additive manufacturing. This study not only links micro melting-solidification process and macro structural mechanics in science, but also provides systematic solutions for decreasing the distortion in additive manufacturing for engineering.

The value of firm linkages in the age of industry 4.0: a qualitative comparative analysis

Over the years, manufacturing in advanced economies has been the object of intense reorganization driven crucially by the international strategies of multinational enterprises (MNEs), and more recently, by technological disruptions powering a new manufacturing model, defined as Industry 4.0 (I4.0). This paper aims to explore firm-based, place-based and global drivers that can determine high levels of companies’ performance in the context of the emerging manufacturing model ‘I4.0’. In particular, our article tests the relative importance of and balance between three determinants of MNEs’ performance: (i) MNEs’ internal operations and R&D capabilities; (ii) reliance on local external economies and co-location with high-value service and technological competence; and (iii) the extent of MNEs’ production in terms of spread across global value chains. We empirically address this issue by surveying top managers of MNEs operating in four advanced manufacturing industries (biotech, engineering, fashion, and new materials) and located in five European countries (Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom). We adopt fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, a configurational, case-oriented approach. MNEs can be highly profitable when they follow different, but equally successful, paths. Our findings shed light on which balance between firm-based, place-based and global drivers positively impacts on companies’ performance in European advanced manufacturing sectors. In particular, we find that companies that collaborate with local suppliers of enabling technologies linked to I4.0 - with regard to the variety and intensity of collaborations- show high levels of performance. Policy implications are drawn in the concluding remarks.

Microchip Nd:YAG dual-frequency laser interferometer for displacement measurement.

The dual-frequency laser interferometer is an indispensable instrument to measure length, position, deformation and other parameters with high precision and long measurement distance in the advanced manufacturing industry and scientific research. In general, the light source of interferometer is the dual-frequency He-Ne laser. The disadvantages of He-Ne laser include generally large size, more heat radiation to the environment, and limited service life, which limits its application. In this paper, we study a microchip Nd:YAG dual-frequency laser interferometer with a 17.4 MHz frequency difference, which is formed by the stress-induced birefringence in the microchip itself. The down-conversion mixer is designed to decrease the beat frequency to about 5 MHz in heterodyne signal preprocessing modular to meet the bandwidth of phase meter. The experimental results show that the microchip Nd:YAG dual-frequency laser interferometer has a displacement resolution of 10 nm and a measuring range of 500 mm. Due to the advantages of the microchip dual-frequency laser, such as small size (40×40×35 mm), good portability, less power consumption and almost infinite service life, the microchip Nd:YAG dual-frequency laser interferometer has broad application prospects.

Merging experiments and computer simulations in X-ray Computed Tomography probability of detection analysis of additive manufacturing flaws

X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) is a growing industrial non-destructive testing (NDT) technique for advanced manufacturing industries such as additive manufacturing (AM). Probability of detection (POD) is a critical aspect for qualifying NDT techniques/processes. We present a methodology to empirically determine XCT POD using a two-piece phantom, and which incorporates uncertainty in the measurements of the true flaw size in the phantoms. We additionally demonstrate an application of an XCT full simulation model using simulated phantoms to supplement the experimental measurements. A signal response POD analysis (aˆ vs a) was implemented, where the signal response (aˆ) was the number of voxels determined to be in the flaw, and the true flaw sizes (a) were the measured volumes of the flaws. Phantoms with flaws representing AM lack of fusion (LOF) pores were developed and were measured with an optical measurement system allowing the quantification of uncertainty in the measurement of the true flaw size (a). The XCT simulations considered factors not assessed by the experimental measurements. The simulated phantoms have various flaw sizes, locations, and orientations. The XCT simulation results were integrated with the experimental results using a multi-level Bayesian model, which incorporated the effects of reference measurement uncertainty, imaging thresholds, and flaw locations and orientations.

PREFAB Framework - PRoduct quality towards zEro deFects for melAmine surface Boards industry

Abstract Zero Defects is one of the ultimate targets for manufacturing quality control and assurance. Such systems are becoming common in advanced manufacturing industries but are at an initial stage in more traditional industrial sectors, such as wood panels, laminates production, pulp and paper processing and composite panels production. This paper proposes the PREFAB framework, applied to the wood-based panels industry, to minimize rejected products using AI, machine learning and IoT devices. The framework was built through action research with a Portuguese wood-based panel manufacturing. This framework delivered an innovative decision support system that provides relevant and timely recommendations for shopfloor decision making and to support process/product engineering.

An accurate tool wear prediction method under different cutting conditions based on network architecture search

Tool wear prediction is of significance in advanced manufacturing industries, as it aims to ensure the quality of parts, improve machining efficiency and reduce machining costs. Existing tool wear monitoring and prediction methods mainly adopt neural network model with fixed architecture, which rely on the researchers’ experience and cannot guarantee accuracy under different cutting conditions. This paper proposes a tool wear prediction method based on network architecture search. which can learn a suitable network structure under different cutting conditions. Experiments shows sufficient improvement in the accuracy of predicting tool wear compared with existing methods.

On Operating Efficiency of Advanced Manufacturing Industry Based on Three-Stage DEA Model -- Taking Wuxi as an Example

This paper selects other major cities in the Yangtze River Delta economic circle as the comparison object to Wuxi with the Three-stage DEA model, analyzing the operating efficiency of listed companies in advanced manufacturing industry, so as to more clearly understand the current situation about the operating efficiency of advanced manufacturing industry in Wuxi. According to the studies, a significant impact of the external environment on the operating efficiency of advanced manufacturing enterprises has been found, and the operating efficiency of advanced manufacturing industry in major cities around the Yangtze River Delta is at a high level. However, the reduction of scale efficiency has become the main factor restricting the growth efficiency of advanced manufacturing industry without the influence of external environmental factors. The study puts forward the suggestions on the creation of a good market environment, construction service and ecological system based on this with the improvement of transportation infrastructure and no blind investment, promoting the deep integration of manufacturing industry and digital technology.

A study on the effect of voltage on performance characteristics of electrochemical surface grinding of HMMC

Application of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites (HMMCs) are restricted in the advanced manufacturing industries such as aerospace and automobile because of machining challenges due to its superior mechanical properties. Hybrid machining processes (HMP) have become more popular to fabricate complex shapes and intricate profiles of MMCs and other advanced materials. Electrochemical grinding is such an HMP that combines conventional electrochemical machining and mechanical grinding. The aim of the present research to shows the effect of voltage on quality characteristics during electrochemical grinding of Al-SiC-Gr HMMCs. Experiments performed on the indigenously developed experimental setup of electrochemical surface grinding. Results revealed that the material removal rate (MRR) increases by increasing applied voltage.

Influencing factors and optimization of ship energy efficiency under the background of climate change

Shipbuilding industry is a modern comprehensive industry that provides technical equipment for water transportation, marine development and national defense construction, and is an important part of advanced equipment manufacturing industry. The development trend of ship spare parts management must be combined with information technology to make it more integrated, intelligent and networked, and distributed processing information system will be developed and adopted in large quantities. Under the background of climate change, it is necessary to study the synergistic effect of clean energy utilization between ships and routes, and effectively improve energy utilization efficiency, so as to realize the real-time collection, monitoring, management and early warning of ship energy consumption data, and improve the comprehensive management level of ship energy.