In this study on adult prisoners the main thrust is on the prisoners and their profile.State wise analysis is done of the responses obtained from the prisoners on the various tests and scales administered on them. They are divided according to regions such as North,East, West, South and the Center. In the north the states visited for study were Uttar Pradesh, (Lucknow Model Jail & District Jail), andRajasthan (Jaipur Central Prison). In the East,Bihar (Patna Central Prison), Kolkata (Presidency Jail& Alipur Jail), were studied. Besides Orissa was another state in the East where Bhubaneshwar Central Jail and Puri Central Jail were selected for the study. Likewise, in the West Mumbai (Central Prison) and Pune (Central Prison) were studied. In the South Bangalore (Central Prison) and in the centerMadhya Pradesh, (Bhopal Central Prison) and in Delhi Jail no5 of Tihar Jail were studied.Standardized tests and scales are administered on them to assess their awareness towards their own well-being, their emotional intelligence, and their personality traits particularly extroversion, neuroticism, Pychoticism, and Social Desirability to prove oneself good. Case studies are also done to get more insight in the behavior of the prisoner. The whole effort to have a comprehensive appraisal of the prisoner is also to ascertain his capability to rehabilitate in the society. Subsequently a second national study on juveniles arrested for various offences is done with the same aim to assess the extent of rehabilitation in them. Thus, the design is an empirical one of an exploratory type. The aim of the study is (a) to assist the children in conflict with law to improve their personality, (b) reduce their anti-social tendencies, (c) help them to seek jobs and (d) explore all facilities to rehabilitate them back into the society. It is noticed from the findings of the studies that certain independent variables determine the success of the rehabilitation process of the two groups of subjects, (a) age difference between the adult offender and the juveniles (b) pattern of offence (c) length of stay in the correctional institutions, (d) educational and marital status (e) attitude of the family (f) his acceptance of the rehabilitation programs while in confinement. Subsequently the adult and the juvenile’s first, perception towards himself and towards the society,second, his emotional intelligence and third, his personality profile indicate not only the differences but also the limitations in the reintegration of the two groups.