Adsorption Reaction Research Articles

Insights into the role of A/B-site substitution in chemical looping gasification of cotton stalk for enhanced syngas production over La-Co-O based perovskite oxygen carriers

Biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) is an emerging technology for efficient and clean utilization of cotton stalk (CS) to produce high-quality syngas. Among various oxygen carriers, perovskite oxides are holding an ever-increasing position in BCLG due to their unique structural properties and compositional flexibilities. However, research on perovskite-type oxygen carriers mostly focused on Fe-based oxides, and there is little in-depth investigation of Co-based perovskite and the role of A/B site substitution in the BCLG process. Herein, the LaCoO3 perovskite is selected as the basic oxygen carrier, and Sr, Fe are further doped on the A/B-site to form LaCo1-xFexO3 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) and La1-ySryCoO3 (y = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) series. Effects of perovskite type, gasification temperature, steam volume fraction and oxygen carrier mass fraction of the BCLG performance are investigated. Results indicate that La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 and LaCo0.2Fe0.8O3 exhibit enhanced syngas production with the maximum of 1.304 m3/kg and 1.188 m3/kg, respectively, and outstanding cyclic stability at optimal reaction conditions. Further characterizations including H2-TPR, XPS and EPR analysis reveal that Sr substitution facilitate the formation of oxygen vacancies and adsorbed oxygen species, while Fe doping leads to the increasing concentration of oxygen vacancies and surface lattice oxygen species. Combined with the experimental and characterization results, it is deduced that the oxygen vacancies which promote the adsorption of reactants and accelerate the migration of bulk lattice oxygen, play the key role in the enhanced BCLG performance.

Elementary steps of catalytic reactions occurring on metallic alloy nanoparticles

Catalytic reactions occurring in an adsorbed overlayer on metallic alloy nanoparticles are of high interest in the context of applications in the chemical industry. The understanding of the corresponding kinetics is, however, still limited. One of the reasons of this state of the art is the interplay between adsorption and adsorbate‐influenced segregation of metal atoms inside alloy nanoparticles. I scrutinize this interplay by using a generic field model of segregation and the mean‐field approximation in order to describe adsorption, desorption, and elementary catalytic reactions. Under steady‐state conditions, the segregation is demonstrated to be manifested in the change of the dependence of the activation energies of desorption or elementary reactions on coverage, and the sign of this change is positive. The effect of this change on the apparent reaction orders is briefly discussed as well.

Coupling between the photoactivity and CO2 adsorption on rapidly thermal hydrogenated vs. conventionally annealed copper oxides deposited on TiO2 nanotubes

AbstractHighly ordered spaced titanium dioxide nanotubes were fabricated via electrochemical anodization and modified with titania nanoparticles and copper oxides. Such materials were rapidly annealed in hydrogen atmosphere or conventionally in a tube furnace in air, in which the temperature slowly increases. Applied synthesis procedure can be considered as simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly as it allows for reduction in used materials and enhances sustainable engineering. Manipulating the chemical composition of materials by different thermal treatments resulted in various photoelectrochemical activities and density of CO2 adsorption sites. Rapidly annealed nanotubes decorated by copper oxides exhibit excellent electrochemical properties where one electrode combines both: solar to electricity conversion (photocurrent under visible light 30 µA/cm2) and CO2 adsorption systems (18 times higher current after CO2 saturation). Rapidly thermal hydrogenated TiO2 nanotubes with copper oxides had 17 times higher photocurrent and wider absorption band (380–780 nm) than conventionally annealed ones. Furthermore, the crystal planes such as Cu (111), Cu (220), Cu2O (110), CuO (002) and Cu0, Cu+, Cu2+ oxidation states, and oxygen vacancies were recognized for hydrogenated sample. It should be highlighted that thermal annealing conditions significantly affects ability of copper oxide to CO2 adsorption and CO2 reduction reaction for hydrogenated electrode. Graphical abstract

A novel magnetic S/N co-doped tea residue biochar applied to tetracycline adsorption in water environment

The issue of tetracycline (TC) contamination has attracted widespread attention. Adsorption technology has great potential for application in the field of TC remediation. This study achieved the production of nitrogen self-doped biochar using waste tea leaves as raw materials, and further improved its TC removal effect by doping sulfur elements. A recyclable high-performance TC adsorbent magnetic S/N co-doped tea residue biochar (MSNB) was obtained through ferromagnetic modification, which could be used as an effective TC adsorbent. The effects of MSNB dosage and initial solution pH on TC removal were evaluated. The recovery performance of MSNB adsorbent on TC was studied. The maximum adsorption performance at 298 K calculated using the Langmuir model was 140.76 mg g−1. The fitting results of adsorption kinetics indicated that chemical adsorption was the main factor affecting the adsorption reaction. After 5 cycles of adsorption, the removal of TC by MSNB remained above 88.30 %. This study could provide theoretical support for the treatment of tetracycline wastewater by biochar adsorption.

Water structures and anisotropic dynamics at Pt(211)/water interface revealed by machine learning molecular dynamics

Abstract Water molecules at solid–liquid interfaces play a pivotal role in governing interfacial phenomena that underpin electrochemical and catalytic processes. The organization and behavior of these interfacial water molecules can significantly influence the solvation of ions, the adsorption of reactants, and the kinetics of electrochemical reactions. The stepped structure of Pt surfaces can alter the properties of the interfacial water, thereby modulating the interfacial environment and the resulting surface reactivity. Revealing the in situ details of water structures at these stepped Pt/water interfaces is crucial for understanding the fundamental mechanisms that drive diverse applications in energy conversion and material science. In this work, we have developed a machine learning potential for the Pt(211)/water interface and performed machine learning molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal distinct types of chemisorbed and physisorbed water molecules within the adsorbed layer. Importantly, we identified three unique water pairs that were not observed in the basal plane/water interfaces, which may serve as key precursors for water dissociation. These interfacial water structures contribute to the anisotropic dynamics of the adsorbed water layer. Our study provides molecular-level insights into the anisotropic nature of water behavior at stepped Pt/water interfaces, which can influence the reorientation and distribution of intermediates, molecules, and ions—crucial aspects for understanding electrochemical and catalytic processes.

Structural, morphological, and optical properties of CuO nanoblade-decorated TiO2 nanotubular photoelectrodes

Titania (TiO2) nanotubular photoelectrodes are a competitive component of titania-based photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. However, TiO2 actively absorbs light in the UV region, which limits its usefulness in solar water splitting, a fast-growing clean energy alternative. In this study, the structural, morphological and optical properties of CuO/TiO2 nanostructures on conductive transparent F-doped SnO2 (FTO) coated glass substrates are engineered for potential application in solar water splitting. The efficacy of a three-step anodization synthesis process to develop free-standing high-fidelity nanotubular TiO2 thin films (∼8μm) is demonstrated. CuO nanoblades were deposited on TiO2/FTO by a successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR). An increase in the precursor concentration and number of immersion cycles influenced the adsorption of CuO and the resultant red shift in the absorption range. SEM and TEM analyses confirm the formation of a heterostructure, with evidence of CuO nanostructures within the TiO2 nanotubular arrays and on the top of the tubes.

Plasma-catalytic dry reforming of CH4: Effects of plasma-generated species on the surface chemistry

By means of steady-state experiments and a global model, we studied the effects of plasma-generated reactive species on the surface chemistry and coking in plasma-catalytic CH4/CO2 reforming at reduced pressure (8–40 kPa). We used a hybrid ZDPlasKin-CHEMKIN model to predict the species densities over time. The detailed plasma-catalytic mechanism consists of the plasma discharge scheme, a gas-phase chemistry set and a surface mechanism. Our experimental results show that the coupling of Ni/SiO2 catalyst with plasma is more effective in CH4/CO2 activation and conversion than unpacked DBD plasma, with syngas being the main products. The highest total conversion of 16 % was achieved at 8000 V and 473 K, with corresponding CO and H2 yields of 15 % and 12 %, respectively. The reactants conversion and product selectivity are well captured by the kinetic model. Our simulation results suggest that vibrational species and radicals can accelerate the dissociative adsorption and Eley-Rideal (E-R) reactions. Path flux analysis shows that E-R reactions dominate the surface reaction pathways, which differs from thermal catalysis, indicating that the coupling of non-equilibrium plasma and catalysis can effectively shift the formation and consumption pathways of important adsorbates. For instance, our model suggests that HCOO(s) is primarily generated through the E-R reaction CO2(v) + H(s) → HCOO(s), while the hydrogenation reaction HCOO(s) + H → HCOOH(s) is the main source of HCOOH(s). Carbon deposition on the catalyst surface is primarily formed through the stepwise dehydrogenation of CH4, while the E-R reactions enhanced by plasma-generated H and O atoms dominate the consumption of carbon deposition. This work provides new insights into the effects of reactive species on the surface chemistry in plasma-catalytic CH4/CO2 reforming.

CoNiOOH nanosheets array enables highly effective value-added chemicals production via nitrite and sulfide electrolysis

Here, we show that the CoNiOOH nanosheets array can be applied for catalyzing nitrite reduction and sulfide oxidation reactions (NO2RR and SOR) simultaneously, realizing NH3 production and synchronous desulfuration. As a result, the catalyst achieves a maximal Faradic efficiency of 93 % with the corresponding yield rate of 14.6mg h−1 cm−2 for NH3 production and high robustness over 4 consecutive cycles. Beyond that, it could trigger the SOR with a low potential of 0.65 V vs RHE to reach 100 mA cm−2, far lower than that needed for the water oxidation (1.62 V vs RHE). More importantly, the coupling system composed of NO2RR and SOR could realize value-added products on both sides. Theoretical and experimental analyses validate that Ni regulates the electronic structure of Co site, which optimizes the activation and adsorption of reactants and intermediates, and thus reduce the energy barriers, accounting for the performance enhancement.

Ordered 2D/3D CoNi-LDH/FeSe electrode for efficient and durable seawater oxidation

The superior electrocatalysts for seawater oxygen evolution reaction (OER) require fast kinetic to promote reactant (OH−) transport and adsorption, and to optimize oxygenated intermediates (O* and OOH*) adsorption, but also high corrosion resistance by impeding Cl− adsorption under harsh seawater conditions, while the incomprehensive design greatly hinder the system advancement at high current densities. Herein, we propose orderly incorporating amorphous FeSe nanosheets as the dynamic anti-corrosion layer to reinforce charge redistribution of CoNi layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets array and create favorable microenvironments. The ordered two-dimensional/three-dimensional structure prepared by novel non-equilibrium electrodeposition strategy allows amorphous FeSe component not only to activate CoNi-LDH for promoting OH− adsorption, optimizing oxygenated intermediates adsorption and increasing Cl− adsorption energy, but also repel Cl− by dynamic polyanion layer without blocking active sites, thus affording effective seawater OER with low overpotential, excellent stability and high selectivity at high current densities. The integrated CoNi-LDH/FeSe electrode delivers a small overpotential (338 mV at 500 mA cm−2) and possesses outstanding stability and selectivity during a 500-hour durability test at 500 mA cm−2 in alkaline seawater.

Chemical and Physical Characterization of Three Oxidic Lithological Materials for Water Treatment

Water treatment necessitates the sustainable use of natural resources. This paper focuses on the characterization of three oxidic lithological materials (OLMs) with the aim of utilizing them to prepare calcined adsorbent substrates for ionic adsorption. The three materials have pH levels of 7.66, 4.63, and 6.57, respectively, and organic matter contents less than 0.5%. All of the materials are sandy loam or loamy sand. Their electric conductivities (0.18, 0.07, and 0.23 dS/m) show low levels of salinity and solubility. Their CEC (13.40, 13.77, and 6.76 cmol(+)kg) values are low, similar to those of amphoteric oxides and kaolin clays. Their aluminum contents range from 7% up to 12%, their iron contents range from 3% up to 7%, their titanium contents range from 0.3% to 0.63%, and their manganese contents range from 0.007% up to 0.033%. The amphoteric oxides of these metals are responsible for their ionic adsorption reactions due to their variable charge surfaces. Their zirconium concentrations range from 100 to 600 mg/g, giving these materials the refractory properties necessary for the preparation of calcined adsorbent substrates. Our XRD analysis shows they share a common mineralogical composition, with quartz as the principal component, as well as albite, which leads to their thermal properties and mechanical resistance against abrasion. The TDA and IR spectra show the presence of kaolinite, which is lost during thermal treatments. The results show that the OLMs might have potential as raw materials to prepare calcined adsorbent substrates for further applications and as granular media in the sustainable treatment of both natural water and wastewater.

Deposition of CdSe Nanocrystals in Highly Porous SiO2 Matrices-In Situ Growth vs. Infiltration Methods.

Embedding quantum dots into porous matrices is a very beneficial approach for generating hybrid nanostructures with unique properties. In this contribution we explore strategies to dope nanoporous SiO2 thin films made by atomic layer deposition and selective wet chemical etching with precise control over pore size with CdSe quantum dots. Two distinct strategies were employed for quantum dot deposition: in situ growth of CdSe nanocrystals within the porous matrix via successive ionic layer adsorption reaction, and infiltration of pre-synthesized quantum dots. To address the impact of pore size, layers with 10 nm and 30 nm maximum pore diameter were used as the matrix. Our results show that though small pores are potentially accessible for the in situ approach, this strategy lacks controllability over the nanocrystal quality and size distribution. To dope layers with high-quality quantum dots with well-defined size distribution and optical properties, infiltration of preformed quantum dots is much more promising. It was observed that due to higher pore volume, 30 nm porous silica shows higher loading after treatment than the 10 nm porous silica matrix. This can be related to a better accessibility of the pores with higher pore size. The amount of infiltrated quantum dots can be influenced via drop-casting of additional solvents on a pre-drop-casted porous matrix as well as via varying the soaking time of a porous matrix in a quantum dot solution. Luminescent quantum dots deposited via this strategy keep their luminescent properties, and the resulting thin films with immobilized quantum dots are suited for integration into optoelectronic devices.

Prediction method of adsorption thermal energy storage reactor performances based on reaction wave model

Adsorption thermal energy storage (ATES) is one of the most important ways to achieve efficient utilization of solar energy. The lack of effective prediction methods of reactor performance severely restricts the application of the ATES system. In this paper, the prediction method of reactor performance was proposed based on the adsorption reaction wave model. The expressions between the reactor performances and the design parameters were derived by using the wave parameters of the adsorption rate wave. The mathematical relationships of design parameters-wave parameters and wave parameters-reactor performances were established, respectively. The experiments on adsorption thermal energy storage were performed, in which the zeolite-water vapor was determined as the working pairs. The air temperature and specific humidity at the inlet and outlet of the reactor were measured, and corresponding adsorption amount, thermal energy and stable output power were obtained. A comparison of the predictions for the reactor performances with experiments was carried out. The results indicated that the proposed prediction method was capable of accurately predicting the reactor performances, with a maximum deviation of less than 6.0 %. Moreover, the proposed prediction method is superior to available methods in terms of simplicity and generality.

Influence of pore structure on catalytic performance of Cs-Zr/SiO2 catalyst for methyl methacrylate synthesis from methyl propionate and formaldehyde

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) synthesis via aldol condensation of methyl propionate with formaldehyde over Cs-based supported catalysts is intensively investigated, while the effect of their pore structures on catalytic performance still lacks in-depth understanding. Herein, series of Cs-Zr/SiO2 catalysts with different pore structures were prepared for this aldol condensation. The physicochemical characteristics of as-prepared Cs-Zr/SiO2 catalysts were characterized using physical N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and CO2–/NH3-TPD. In addition, the impact of pore structure on mass transfer, adsorption, and desorption of reactants and products was studied through in situ DRIFTS. The results show that the acid and base site densities elevated with the increasing pore volume. The mass transfer of reactants and products could be promoted with increasing pore size, while their adsorption energies exhibited a volcanic trend. As a result, the Cs-Zr/SiO2 catalysts having average pore diameter of 12–18 nm and acid-base balance was considered as the optimal candidate for MMA production.

Investigating the Potential of Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation Combined with Modified Biochar for Remediation of Lead-Contaminated Loess

Lead (Pb) contamination in loess poses a significant environmental challenge that impedes sustainable development. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is an innovative biomimetic mineralization technology that shows considerable promise in remediating soil contaminated with heavy metals. However, the toxicity of lead ions to Bacillus pasteurii reduces the efficiency of mineralization, subsequently diminishing the effectiveness of remediation. Although biochar can immobilize heavy metal ions, its adsorption instability presents a potential risk. In this study, we first compared the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), permeability coefficient, and toxicity leaching performance of lead-contaminated loess specimens remediated using biochar (BC), red mud (RM), red-mud-modified biochar (MBC), and MICP technology. Additionally, we evaluated the mechanism of MICP combined with varying amounts of MBC in remediating lead-contaminated loess combing Zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results showed that MICP technology outperforms traditional methods such as RM, BC, and MBC in the remediation of lead-contaminated loess. When MICP is combined with MBC, an increase in MBC content results in a higher pH (8.71) and a lower EC (232 us/cm). Toxic leaching tests reveal that increasing MBC content reduces the lead leaching concentration in loess, with optimal remediation being achieved at 5% MBC. Microscopic analysis indicates that the remediation mechanisms of MICP combined with MBC involve complexation, electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, and precipitation reactions. The synergistic application of MICP and MBC effectively adsorbs and immobilizes lead ions in loess, enhancing its properties and demonstrating potential for pollution remediation and engineering applications.

Dry reforming of toluene for syngas production over Ni-based perovskite-type oxides

Developing efficient Ni-based catalysts and understanding the mechanism of tar removal are crucial for upgrading biomass gasification technology. Literature has identified the superior performance of Ni-based catalysts in reforming tar model compounds like toluene under a steam atmosphere. In this work, we have synthesized La1-xCexNiO3 catalysts and examined their activity with benchmark A2BO4-type perovskites in dry reforming of toluene (DRT). Catalytic experiments revealed that La0.25Ce0.75NiO3 catalysts exhibited superior activity and stability regarding toluene conversion (85.4%) compared to La0.5Ce1.5NiO4. The structural study, conducted through various techniques, highlighted the easier reducibility of Ni from the ABO3 perovskite lattice, leaving higher oxygen vacancies, and higher basicity for reactant adsorption in DRT. Besides, in-situ DRIFTS experiments confirmed the *CHO-participated pathway of syngas generation from DRT. The findings suggested potential pathways for designing catalysts to support biomass gasification while contributing to global carbon reduction.

Statistical physics of azo reactive dye adsorption by metal hydroxide sludge for water remediation

We performed a theoretical investigation of azo reactive red (RR-120) on metal hydroxide sludge (MHS) using five advanced statistical physics models to interpret thermodynamic equilibrium data for potential water remediation applications. Each model incorporates multiple physicochemical parameters to comprehensively describe the microscopic process through empirical data fitting. The thermodynamic functions (entropy, internal energy and Gibbs free energy) were analyzed using the grand canonical formalism. Our analysis indicated that the single-energy monolayer model represents the most realistic scenario. The adhesion of RR-120 onto MHS was endothermic with an adsorption energy below 40.0 kJ/mol suggesting that Van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding are the predominant driving forces. The stereographic analysis demonstrated that as the density of receptor sites (Nm) incremented, there was a corresponding decline in the number of anchored entities per site (n). Moreover, thermodynamic assessment revealed that the disorder increased before half-saturation and decreased after half-saturation while negativity of Gibbs free energy indicated a spontaneous process of RR-120 adsorption in all tested temperatures. The exceptional adsorption capabilities of MHS will open up new avenues in wastewater treatment, soil remediation and air purification.

Electrochemical membrane systems for remediating ammonium-containing wastewater via coupling capacitance adsorption and oxygen reduction

As the main nitrogen-containing pollutant of industrial and agricultural wastewater, ammonium (NH4+) is obtainable from the natural nitrogen cycle and industrial emission. Electrochemical recovering nitrogen (N) from nitrate-polluted wastewater to produce ammonia (NH3) is a promising route to mitigate pollution risks and create economic values. Since side reactions at the electrodes are inevitable, and the competition mechanism between electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) behavior and side reactions is still unclear. Herein, electrochemical selective NH4+ recovery from wastewater was achieved by coupling NH4+ adsorption and side oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in a novel electrochemical membrane extraction system using Ti3C2TX-based gas-diffusion cathodes. Batch experiments showcase simultaneous NH4+ removal and recovery, with TiOX/TiC-C exhibiting the highest removal capability of 408 mgN g−1. In situ Raman spectroscopy revealed the critical role of the four-electron transfer ORR reaction in the conversion of NH4+ to NH3. Density functional theory (DFT) showed that excellent electron-donating ability for NH4+ of TiOX/TiC-C electrode (1.97 eV) facilitated NH4+ diffusion onto electrode interface. The study sheds light on the intricate interplay between NH4+ adsorption and ORR, highlighting the significance of tailored support and vacancy engineering in advancing wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

First-principles modeling of H2CO3 molecular adsorption on CaSiO3(001) surface for application in the sequestration and utilization of CO2.

This work employed density functional theory (DFT) to further study the adsorption of H2CO3, HCO3-, and CO32- on the CaSiO3(001) surface, which could provide additional insights into the mechanism of carbonation on the CaSiO3 surface. It was concluded that the carbonation of CO2 promoted carbon sequestration, whereby the aqueous carbonation route increased the reaction rate substantially compared to direct gas-solid carbonation. H2CO3 is more conducive to CO2 sequestration, which can be attributed to the interaction of H atoms with the surface. Further, H2CO3 can be converted into HCO3- or CO32- on the CaO-terminated (001) surface, whereas only HCO3- was formed on the SiO-terminated (001) surface. All the adsorption energies of H2CO3 were negative, suggesting that H2CO3 adsorption was energetically stable and spontaneous. The most likely adsorption model of HCO3-, having negative adsorption energy, was the one adsorbed on the SiO-terminated (001) surface, in which HCO3- is transformed into CO32-. The other adsorption models of HCO3- and all the adsorption models of CO32- have positive adsorption energies. Considering the adsorption process of H2CO3, HCO3- and CO32- adsorption reactions may occur successively to some extent depending on the environment.

Encapsulation of Pd Single-Atom Sites in Zeolite for Highly Efficient Semihydrogenation of Alkynes.

Palladium (Pd)-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) have shown outstanding selectivity for semihydrogenation of alkynes, but most Pd single sites coordinated with highly electronegative atoms (such as N, O, and S) of supports will result in a decrease in the electron density of Pd sites, thereby weakening the adsorption of reactants and reducing catalytic performance. Constructing a rich outer-shell electron environment of Pd single-atom sites by changing the coordination structure offers a novel opportunity to enhance the catalytic efficiency with excellent alkene selectivity. Therefore, in this work, we first propose the in situ preparation of isolated Pd sites encapsulated within Al/Si-rich ZSM-5 structure using the one-pot seed-assisted growth method. Pd1@ZSM-5 features Pd-O-Al/Si bonds, which can boost the domination of d-electron near the Fermi level, thereby promoting the adsorption of substrates on Pd sites and reducing the energy barrier for the semihydrogenation of alkynes. In semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene, Pd1@ZSM-5 catalyst performs the highest turnover frequency (TOF) value of 33582 molC═C/molPd/h with 96% selectivity of styrene among the reported heterogeneous catalysts and nearly 17-fold higher than that of the commercial Lindlar catalyst (1992 molC═C/molPd/h). This remarkable catalytic performance can be retained even after 6 cycles of usage. Particularly, the zeolitic confinement structure of Pd1@ZSM-5 enables precise shape-selective catalysis for alkyne reactants with a size less than 4.3 Å.

Oxidation of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with morphology-dependent Au/CeO2 catalysts

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a bio-based diacid with a rigid ring, has a similar structure to petroleum-based terephthalic acid. Its co-polyester with ethylene glycol has excellent performance in terms of thermal and mechanical properties. Herein, an Au/CeO2-rod catalyst with rich oxygen vacancies was developed to achieve the efficient oxidation of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) to FDCA with a 92 % yield under mild conditions, with the addition of 4 equivalents of Na2CO3 at 80℃ under 2 MPa O2 for 6 h. The large specific surface area of CeO2-rod is beneficial for better dispersion of Au nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the high activity of Au/CeO2-rod can be attributed to that the rod-shaped CeO2 exposed more active (100) facets, resulting in strong metal-support interaction between Au nanoparticles and CeO2-rod. This could generate more Au species with oxidized state and more oxygen vacancies, thus promoting the reactant adsorption and oxygen activation and enhancing the final oxidation activity. The oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid to FDCA was determined as the rate-determining step in the oxidation of BHMF over the Au/CeO2 catalyst.