Adsorption Of Rhodamine Research Articles

Textile Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution using Modified Graphite Waste/Lanthanum/Chitosan Composite

We investigated various pre-treatment processes of graphite waste using thermal, mechanical and chemical methods. The aim of this work is to study the performance of modified graphite waste/lanthanum/chitosan composite (MG) as adsorbent for textile dye removal from aqueous solution. Effect of graphite waste resources, adsorbent size and lanthanum concentration on the dye removal were studied in batch experiments. Selectivity of MG was also investigated. Pre-heated graphite waste (NMG) was conducted at 80°C for 1 h, followed by mechanical crushing of the resultant graphite to 75 μm particle size, giving adsorption performance of ˜58%, ˜67%, ˜93% and ˜98% of the model dye rhodamine B (concentration determined by UV-vis spectroscopy at 554 nm), methyl orange (464 nm), methylene blue (664 nm) and methyl violet (580 nm), respectively from aqueous solution. For this process, the system required less than ˜5 min for adsorbent material to be completely saturated with the adsorbate. Further chemical modification of the pre-treated graphite waste (MG) with lanthanum (0.01 – V 0.03 M) and chitosan (0.5% w/w) did not improve the performance of dye adsorption. Under comparable experimental conditions, as those of the ‘thermal-mechanical-pre-treated-only’ (NMG), modification of graphite waste (MG) with 0.03 M lanthanum and 0.5% w/w chitosan resulted in ˜14%, ˜47%, ˜72% and ˜85% adsorption of rhodamine B, methyl orange, methylene blue and methyl violet, respectively. Selective adsorption of methylene blue at most to ˜79%, followed by methyl orange, methyl violet and rhodamine B with adsorption efficiency ˜67, ˜38, and ˜9% sequentially using MG with 0.03 M lanthanum and 0.5% w/w chitosan.

Novel biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from cobweb as adsorbent for Rhodamine B: equilibrium isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

This study has investigated the adsorption of Rhodamine B (Rh-B) dye on novel biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from cobweb. The effects of contact time, initial pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature were studied on the removal of Rh-B and they significantly affected its uptake. Adsorption isotherms were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The adsorption process was best described by Langmuir isotherm with R2 of 0.9901, indicating monolayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 59.85 mg/g showed that it has relatively high performance, while adsorption intensity showed a favourable adsorption process. Pseudo-second-order kinetics fitted best the rate of adsorption and intra-particle diffusion revealed both surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion-controlled adsorption process. Negative values of thermodynamic parameters (∆H°, ∆S° and ∆G°) indicated an exothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The mean sorption energy (E) and activation energy (Ea) suggested the uptake of Rh-B onto AgNPs was chemical in nature (chemosorption).

Adsorption Isotherm Studies of Rhodamine B on Citrus sinesis Peel

Adsorption of Rhodamine B on Citrus sinesis peel biosorbent has been conducted. The adsorption process was carried out in neutral pH for 90 min. The active surface of the Citrus sinesis peel biosorbent was 15 m2/g and the density was 0.52 g/cm3. The adsorption mechanism of Rhodamine B on Citrus sinesis peel biosorbent was studied using 4 adsorption model; Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The adsorption fitted the Freundlich model with the regression value of 0.906. This indicates that the adsorption of Rhodamine B on the surface of Citrus sinesis peel biosorbent was a multilayer interaction.

Facile preparation of graphene oxide films with controllable interlayer distances

In this work, a facile method to prepare graphene oxide films with controllable interlayer distances similar to that of wet-spinning is proposed. Wet graphene oxide gel films were dipped into coagulation bath for crosslinking. Calcium chloride, two ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole L lactate and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1,8-octanediamine were chosen as the coagulants. The obtained graphene oxide films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and tensile tests. The adsorption of Rhodamine B solutions tests proved that GO films with different interlayer distances exhibited varied sieving performance.

Study on adsorption of rhodamine B onto Beta zeolites by tuning SiO2/Al2O3 ratio

The exploration of the relationship between zeolite composition and adsorption performance favored to facilitate its better application in removal of the hazardous substances from water. The adsorption capacity of rhodamine B (RB) onto Beta zeolite from aqueous solution was reported. The relationship between SiO2/Al2O3 ratio and adsorption capacity of Beta zeolite for RB was explored. The structure and physical properties of Beta zeolites with various SiO2/Al2O3 ratios were determined by XRD, FTIR, TEM, BET, UV–vis and so on characterizations. The adsorption behavior of rhodamine B onto Beta zeolite matched to Langmuir adsorption isotherm and more suitable description for the adsorption kinetics was a pseudo-second-order reaction model. The maximum adsorption capacity of the as-prepared Beta zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3 = 18.4 was up to 27.97mg/g.

Magnetic Nanocomposites Derived from Hollow ZIF‐67 and Core‐Shell ZIF‐67@ZIF‐8: Synthesis, Properties, and Adsorption of Rhodamine B

Two types of magnetic nanocomposites, Co‐carbon composite (Co@C) and Zn/Co‐carbon composite (Zn/Co@C), were synthesized by one‐step calcinations of hollow Co‐ZIF (ZIF‐67) and Zn/Co‐ZIF (ZIF‐67@ZIF‐8) (ZIF = zeolitic imidazolate framework), as well as applied as adsorbents in the reduction of Rhodamine B (RhB). The prepared composites were carefully analyzed by SEM, TEM‐EDXS (EDXS = energy‐dispersive X‐ray specroscopy), XRD, SQUID, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements. Co@C and Zn/Co@C showed the maximum adsorption capacities of 48 mg g–1 and 101.93 mg g–1, respectively, toward RhB. The adsorption isotherms of RhB on the Zn/Co@C nanocomposites were well fitted with the Langmuir model, and the pseudo‐second‐order model accurately describes the adsorption kinetic process for the adsorption of RhB on the materials. The results show that the composite materials of Zn/Co@C possess higher porosity and magnetic properties and exhibit higher adsorption capacity, convenient separation ability, along with good reusability of the adsorbent. The theoretical calculations also clarify that RhB on the distorted Co–Zn surface is much more stable than that on Co(111), in good agreement with the experimental observations.

Preparation and characterization of poly (lactic acid)/activated carbon composite bead via phase inversion method and its use as adsorbent for Rhodamine B in aqueous solution

The preparation of porous materials using biodegradable materials has attracted much attention in the field of environmental pollution control. A non-toxic, user-friendly and inexpensive adsorbent bead was prepared from poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and activated carbon (AC) using a phase inversion technique. The porous structure of the PLA/AC bead was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption−desorption methods The removal of the carcinogenic dye Rhodamine B was studied by batch equilibration method and it was found that the monolayer maximum adsorption capacity was 149.57mgg−1 at 60°C, pH 4. A study of kinetics adsorption revealed that the Rhodamine B molecules diffused very rapidly into the interconnected pores of the PLA/AC 5% wt. beads and agreed very well with the intraparticle diffusion model. The negative value of Gibb’s free energy indicated a spontaneous adsorption process, and the enthalpy change (23.92kJmol−1) implied an endothermic adsorption process. Desorption studies showed that the percentage of desorbed Rhodamine B solution increased with a decrease in pH. The results indicated that the PLA/AC bead will provide a new alternative granular adsorbent for the removal of pollutant cationic dyes from water.

A “molecule pump” prototype for exceptionally high efficiency adsorption and decomposition of rhodamine B based on the TiO2@MIL-100 composite

The fabricated TiO2@MIL-100 composite not only demonstrates high capacity in adsorption of Rhodamine B (RhB) but also plays an important role as a “molecule pump” which offers excellent features and facilitates the following degradation of RhB with exceptionally high efficiency.

Determination of isotherm parameters for the adsorption of Rhodamine B dye onto activated carbon prepared from Ziziphus jujuba seeds

The adsorption of Rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from Ziziphus jujuba seed by zinc chloride activation (ZAC) was studied in a batch system with respect to contact time, pH, and temperature. Solution pH 4 was favorable for the adsorption of this dye. Equilibrium isotherms were analysed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin isotherms. The adsorption capacity was found to be 142.9 mg/g by Langmuir isotherm. The Temkin and Dubiniin - Raduskevich isotherm constants suggested that physisorption might be the major mode of the adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters like ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were calculated. These values inferred the spontaneous adsorption with increased randomness at the solid-liquid interface and endothermic behavior.

Chitosan/Silica/Polyethylene Glycol (Ch/Si/P) Composites Membrane as Selective Adsorbent of Rhodamine B from Aqueous Solution

Chitosan/Silica/Polyethylene Glycol (Ch/Si/P) Composites Membrane as Selective Adsorbent of Rhodamine B from Aqueous Solution

Adsorption properties of cationic rhodamine B dye onto metals chloride-activated castor bean residue carbons.

This work was aimed to evaluate the feasibility of castor bean residue based activated carbons prepared through metals chloride activation. The activated carbons were characterized for textural properties and surface chemistry, and the adsorption data of rhodamine B were established to investigate the removal performance. Zinc chloride-activated carbon with specific surface area of 395 m2/g displayed a higher adsorption capacity of 175 mg/g. Magnesium chloride and iron(III) chloride are less toxic and promising agents for composite chemical activation. The adsorption data obeyed Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The rate-limiting step in the adsorption of rhodamine B is film diffusion. The positive values of enthalpy and entropy indicate that the adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous at high temperature.

A versatile hydrogel including bentonite and gallocyanine for trace Rhodamine B analysis

This study presents a simple and useful method for the effective and sensitive determination of Rhodamine B in cosmetic samples. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was applied to samples containing Rhodamine B prior to HPLC analysis. The method is based on adsorption of Rhodamine B molecules on a kind of hydrogel consist of poly acryl amide, bentonite, and gallo cyanine (PAA-B-GC). The amount of Rhodamine B after preconcentration was determined by HPLC-DAD at 556nm. The experimental variables such as pH, amount of adsorbent, samples volume, type and volume of eluent, adsorption and elution time were investigated and optimized. The detection and quantification limits of the developed method were calculated as 2.98 and 9.92ngmL−1, respectively. The method has linear response in the range of 10–1200ngmL−1 and showed satisfactory reproducibility with intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations less than 3.50%. Finally, the developed material and method was successively applied for determination of Rhodamine B residues in various cosmetic samples.

Indium-based metal-organic framework/graphite oxide composite as an efficient adsorbent in the adsorption of rhodamine B from aqueous solution

MIL-68(In)-NH2/graphite oxide (GO) composites (In-MOF@GO) were prepared via a solvothermal route. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The adsorption of rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous solution by the In-MOF@GO composite was investigated; features such as adsorption isotherms, kinetics, operating pH and ionic strength, as well as regeneration of the adsorbent, were studied. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The optimal adsorption activity was achieved at pH 6. Increasing ionic strength from 0 to 100 mM slightly improved the RhB adsorption, due to the electrostatic screening by NaCl. The In-MOF@GO composite used could be regenerated by ethanol, maintaining good performance. Furthermore, compared to MIL-68(In)-NH2, the In-MOF@GO composite exhibited enhanced adsorption performance in RhB removal from aqueous solution, highlighting its potential application in wastewater treatment.

Photodegradation of organic dye using strontium tungstate spherical-like nanostructures; synthesis and characterization

Rod-likestrontium tungstate nanostructures have been successfully prepared via the co-precipitation process by using Sr(Sal)2 (Sal=salicylidene) and sodium tungstate dehydrate (Na2WO4·2H2O) as starting materials. The as-prepared rod-like nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, Energy Dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The effect of parameters such as temperature, solvent and surfactant were considered to obtain the best condition. Moreover, adsorption of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye on strontium tungstate nanostructures was investigated and the uptake% was determined to be >80% in 240min.

Dye adsorption on zinc oxide nanoparticulates atomic‐layer‐deposited on polytetrafluoroethylene membranes

In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) is deposited onto porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes via atomic layer deposition (ALD) and thus produced ZnO‐deposited PTFE membranes are used as adsorbents for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. We first examine the evolution of morphology, wettability, and crystallization of PTFE membranes with ZnO ALD. The presence of ZnO nanoparticulates significantly promotes the diffusion and contact of the aqueous solutions within the membrane on one hand, and endows the membrane a strong capability to adsorb dyes from the solutions on the other. Kinetic studies reveal that the adsorption of rhodamine B and acid orange 7 by the ZnO‐deposited PTFE membranes can be described by the pseudo‐second‐order and pseudo‐first‐order model, respectively, and the adsorption of both dyes follows the Langmuir isotherm. The used membranes can be easily regenerated by rinsing with ethanol and reused for multiple times without loss of removal efficiency. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 3982–3991, 2016

Preparation and application of Poly(AMPS-co-DVB) to remove Rhodamine B from aqueous solutions

A series of functional cross-linked polymer (Poly(AMPS-co-DVB)) were synthesized by 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and divinylbenzene (DVB). The physicochemical properties of the Poly(AMPS-co-DVB) were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, SEM, XRD, Zeta potential and UV–Vis. Those results showed that the Poly(AMPS-co-DVB) could provide mounts of adsorption sites from its special structure. The effects of the initial pH, dosage, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption of Rhodamine B (RhB) onto the Poly(AMPS-co-DVB) were investigated. It was found that the initial pH was an important factor for the molecules form of RhB and the surface formation of Poly(AMPS-co-DVB). With increasing of molar ratio of AMPS/DVB, the adsorption efficiency increased gradually. In the adsorption process, both physical and chemical mechanism is presence to adsorb RhB. The maximum adsorption capacity could get 407.9mg/g within 2h at room temperature.

Adsorption of rhodamine B and methylene blue dyes using waste of seeds of Aleurites Moluccana, a low cost adsorbent

Removal of the cationic dyes rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) by waste seeds Aleurites moluccana (WAM) was studied in a batch system. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), point of zero charge measurement, and the Boehm titration method. The effects of contact time and pH were investigated for the removal of cationic dyes. An increase in pH from 3 to 9 was accompanied by an approximately three-fold increase in the amount of dye adsorbed. The adsorptions equilibrium values were obtained and analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, and Redlich–Peterson equations, the Sips isotherm being the one that showed the best correlation with the experimental values. The maximum adsorption capacities of the dyes were 178mg/g for the MB and 117mg/g for the RhB. The kinetic sorption was evaluated by the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models, where it was observed that sorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The study of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process. The results indicate that waste seeds of A. moluccana could be used as a low cost material for the removal of cationic dyes from wastewater.

Facile synthesis, structural characterization and degradation of organic contaminant over scheelite-type calcium tungstate nanostructures

Scheelite-type calcium tungstate (CaWO4) nanostructures have been successfully synthesized via the co-precipitation process by using Ca(Sal)2 (Sal = salicylidene) and sodium tungstate dehydrate (Na2WO4·2H2O) as starting materials. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, photoluminescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Influence of parameters such as temperature, solvent and surfactant were investigated to attain the best condition. This research has offered a general, easy, and efficient approach to control the composition and morphology of scheelite-type calcium tungstate nanostructures in aqueous solution. Moreover, adsorption of Rhodamine B dye on calcium tungstate nanostructures was investigated and the uptake% was determined to be >90 % in 240 min.

The Adsorption of Rhodamine B in Water by Modified Zeolites

In this study, modified zeolites were prepared through the modification of raw zeolites, using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), whose properties were then characterized by a Zeta Potential Meter and an X-ray diffractometer. Also, the adsorption mechanisms were investigated in depth. The experimental results indicated that, in terms of the adsorption capacity of Rhodamine B in water, the modified zeolites were more favorable than the raw zeolites. As the dosage of adsorbent increased, the removal percentage of Rhodamine B in the water increased, while the unit adsorption capacity decreased. The pH value of the solution, and reaction temperature imposed little effects on the adsorption of the Rhodamine B. In accordance with the adsorption thermodynamic results, Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption models were able to accurately describe the adsorption of Rhodamine B in water by the modified zeolites. The fitting results had a higher correlation when using a Freundlich isothermal model. At 303 K, the static saturated adsorption capacity was 4.41 mg/g. The kinetic results demonstrated that the adsorption of Rhodamine B in water using modified zeolites fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solution via adsorption onto microwave-activated rice husk ash

ABSTRACTThe adsorption of rhodamine B (RhB) onto microwave-activated rice husk ash (ARHA) was conducted to demonstrate the capability of an inexpensive abundant biomaterial as an alternating bio-sorbent for the removal of dye residue from wastewater. Experimental data show that ARHA achieved the maximum adsorption capacity of 21.89 mg/g at pH 5.5 and 303 K. The absorption process was followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and adsorption equilibrium data were well described by the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the RhB adsorption onto ARHA was endothermic and spontaneous.