Catalytic removal of trace HCHO at room temperature over supported noble metal catalysts has been an interesting topic. For practical application, both the intrinsic activity of the catalyst and mass transfer should be taken into consideration due to the low indoor HCHO concentration. Herein, we provide a facile way for simultaneously enhancing HCHO adsorption, storage and oxidation over Pt/ZSM-5 by aqueous NaOH treatment, as well as synchronous pore structure and surface hydroxyl groups amelioration. With proper amount of NaOH modification, Pt/ZSM-5 shows a high HCHO conversion above 99% and a (>) 1000 h good stability at 30 °C, a space velocity of 30000 mL h−1 g−1 and initial 50 ppm HCHO with a low 0.2 wt.% Pt loading amount, which is among the best of state-of-the-art novel metal catalysts. These results show that the consideration of both morphology manipulation and surface hydroxyl groups tailoring is important in designing an efficient HCHO oxidation catalyst.