Adsorbent For Water Purification Research Articles

Microporous Titanate Nanofibers as Excellent Adsorbents for Water Purification and Softening

Efficient and ultrafast collection of metal ions from water is indispensable for applications such as drinking water purification and precious elements recovery. Microporous titanate nanofiber (MPT...

In Situ Regeneration of Phenol-Saturated Activated Carbon Fiber by an Electro-peroxymonosulfate Process.

Regeneration is required to restore the adsorption performance of activated carbon used as an adsorbent in water purification. Conventional thermal and electrochemical regenerations have high energy consumption and poor mineralization of pollutants, respectively. In this study, phenol-saturated activated carbon fiber was regenerated in situ using an electro-peroxymonosulfate (E-PMS) process, which mineralized the desorbed contaminants with relatively low energy consumption. The initial adsorbed phenol (81.90%) was mineralized, and only 4.07% of the initial concentration remained in the solution after 6 h of E-PMS regeneration. The phenol degradation was dominated by hydroxyl radical oxidation. Adding the PMS in three doses at 2 h intervals improves the regeneration performance from 75% to more than 82%. Regeneration retained 60% of its initial effectiveness even in the 10th cycle with 4.40% of the initial concentration of phenol remaining in the solution. These results confirm the E-PMS regeneration process as effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly for regenerating activated carbon.

Low‐Spin‐State Hematite with Superior Adsorption of Anionic Contaminations for Water Purification

Hematite attracts intensive interest as an adsorbent for water purification, but the oversized dimension and inherent high-spin Fe(III) restrict its adsorption capability and kinetics. Herein a spatial-confinement strategy is reported that synthesizes ultrafine α-Fe2 O3 benefiting from nanogrids constructed by predeposition of TiO2 nanodots in the MCM-41 channel, and that tunes the spin-state of Fe(III) from high-spin to low-spin induced by the strong guest-host interaction between the ultrafine Fe2 O3 with SiO2 (MCM-41). The low-spin Fe(III) endorses strong bonding with anionic adsorbates, and significantly facilitates the electrons transfer from Fe2 O3 to SiO2 to form a highly positive charged surface, and thereby shows superior electrostatic multilayer adsorption performance to different kinds of anionic contaminations. Specifically, the maximum uptake, adsorption rate, and distribution coefficient (Kd ) for Rose Bengal dye reach as high as 1810 mg g-1 , 1644 g (g min)-1 , and 2.2 × 106 L kg-1 , which are more than 8, 230, and 3700 times higher than those of commercial activated carbon, respectively. It also shows outstanding purification performance for real field water. It is demonstrated that a strong guest-host interaction can alter the spin-state of transition metal oxides, which may pave a new way to improve their performance in adsorption and other applications like catalysis.

One-Point Cellulose Adsorbents for Water Purification

The protection of our environment from pollution by various industrial wastewater discharges is of great importance that each Industry treats its effluent to meet acceptable limit/design means to reclaim water from industrial effluents for re-use. The study aimed at reclaiming water from wastewater by assessing the performance of two cellulose adsorbents using the fixed-bed column method to treat pharmaceutical/metal wastewater. The study was carried out by determining the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of wastewater quality before and after treatment using fixed-bed column. Effluent samples were collected and analyzed according to standard methods.
 The range of percentage reduction in pollution load with respect to treatment time: 30, 120, 360 and 1440 min was 45-52%, 55-64%, 31-43, 25- 45%, 41- 44%, 55-73%, 48- 51%, 48-54%, 56-71% 13-31%, 45-52%, 47-67% from the metal effluent using nanocellulose adsorbent while 14-24%, 18-23%, 4-10%, 28-46%, 16-20%, 24-42%, 14-32%, 42-57%, 32-52%, 36-47%, 37-56%, 8-53% from the pharmaceutical effluent using oxidized cellulose adsorbent for colour, turbidity, conductivity, total hardness, Nitrite, Phosphate, Ammonia, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, total solids, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids respectively. Up to 99.9 % was achieved by the adsorbents in the removal of biological contaminants. The study concluded that the celluloses adsorbents showed promising potentials as one-point adsorbent that can be used for water reclamation from wastewater by its ability to remediate both physico-chemical and bacteriological contaminants.

In English

Introduction shows the important of this scientific direction. 60 Co with half-life of 5.3 years is one of the few anthropogenic, gamma-emitting radionuclides, that can be detected in aquatic environments affected by liquid effluent discharged from nuclear facilities. The need for control of the content of 60 Co in the environment, determines the search for new adsorption materials with high adsorption capacity and chemical, thermal, and radiation resistance. The aim of present work is to investigate the adsorption of Co 2+ and 60 Co by mesoporous TiO 2 from aqueous solutions. Experimental techniques describes the adsorption studies in detail. The mesoporous TiO 2 with the initial pore size ratio (S meso /S = 58 %; V meso /V = 64 %) was selected as adsorbent. Synthesis of adsorbents was carried out by the method of liquid phase hydrolysis of aqua complex of TiCl 4 . The dependence of adsorption value on agitation time, solutions acidity, and equilibrium concentration of Co 2+ was investigated in butch mode. The presence of cobalt on the surface of mesoporous TiO 2 was confirmed using XRF-analysis. The initial and residual concentration of cobalt was controlled by complexonometric titration with xylenol orange as indicator. Four simplified kinetic models: pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations, firstly applied by Lagergren, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich (Roginsky-Zeldovich) kinetic models were applied to experimental data. Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption theory applied for experimental equilibrium data of adsorption of cobalt cations by mesoporous TiO 2 . The adsorption energy was measured using Dubinin-Radushkevich equation. The results obtained have shown that the experimental data on the adsorption kinetics of Co 2+ by mesoporous TiO 2 fit well by Lagergren pseudo-second kinetic model. Applying of Elovich kinetic model gives also high correlation’s coefficients, close to unit (R 2 > 0.9). The equilibrium adsorption data are well approximated by Langmuir adsorption theory. Maximal adsorption value obtained experimentally (49±4 mg/g) is in good agreement with calculated by Langmuir adsorption theory (63.81 mg/g). The adsorption energy calculated using Dubinin-Radushkevich equation is 8.104±0.361 kJ/mol, which correspond to physical adsorption mechanism. However, for each values of Polanyi’s potential (ε) (which correspond to certain equilibrium concentration C e , mg/L) adsorption energy is different. It smooth decreases with increasing concentration of adsorbate in the solution. Although the experimental results are well describing by the Langmuir model, the adsorption energy of Co 2+ ions by mesoporous TiO 2 depends on the degree of surface filling, which means that the adsorption centers of this sample are not independent. At the low equilibrium concentration of Co 2+ (38 mg/L), the adsorption energy is much higher than the corresponding value for adsorption by the physical mechanism. To our opinion, that is why applying of Elovich kinetic model to experimental dada gives high R 2 . The adsorption of Co 2+ by mesoporous TiO 2 strongly depends on solutions acidity. To simulate conditions close to real, the adsorption of 60 Co by mesoporous TiO 2 was investigated. The percentage of 60 Co, adsorbed onto TiO 2 is more than 90 %. The main conclusion is that mesoporous TiO 2 could be useful as an adsorbent for water purification from Co 2+ and in decontaminating of radioactive waste containing 60 Co.

Preparation of FeBTC/silica aerogels by a co-sol-gel process for organic pollutant adsorption

In this paper, a series of FeBTC/silica hybrid aerogels (FeBTC-SA) have been successfully prepared by a facile method. Specifically, Fe (III) metal salts were added to a silica (SiO2) sol containing trimesic acid (H3BTC) at room temperature for co-sol gelation and then CO2 supercritical drying was introduced to obtain FeBTC/SiO2 hybrid aerogels. The composites have been completely characterized by FT-IR, SEM, elemental analysis and HR-TEM analysis techniques. Meanwhile, adsorption properties of hybrid aerogels have also been systematically investigated through a typical organic dye methyl blue (MB). The results show that all the as-synthesized FeBTC-SA composites have a three-dimensional porous network structure. The TEM analysis further shows that the composite is a semi-crystal, while the FeBTC particles are crystalline of MIL-100(Fe). Furthermore, with the increase of FeBTC content, MB adsorption performance of composites is increasingly improved. By the elaborately manipulating the π–π interactions between MB and the benzene rings of FeBTC/SiO2 hybrid aerogels, the static adsorption efficiency of FeBTC-SA (3:50) (molar ratio of Fe:Si = 3:50) can be quickly reached at 99.1%, which is increased by 11% compared to the pure SiO2 aerogels. Therefore, It provides a new avenue for the important applications of hybrid aerogels as highly efficient adsorbents in water purification.

Amine functionalized and Fe3O4 incorporated activated carbon for bisphenol-A separation.

Activated carbon (AC) is the most commonly used adsorbent for water purification, although the dispersive nature of AC in aqueous solution poses a serious problem. To overcome this limitation, AC was magnetized with iron oxide using iron salts as precursor. Further to enhance its effectiveness, it was impregnated with Aliquat 336. Different characterization techniques (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), along with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD)) were used to analyze the adsorbent. Furthermore, the value of the pH at which the overall charge on the surface of the adsorbent is neutral was found by pH drift method. The modified form of the activated carbon was used to treat the aqueous solution of bisphenol-A in the batch as well as in the continuous mode of operation. In batch mode, the data were validated using equilibrium and kinetic models, and in continuous mode, data were fitted with the Thomas, Adams-Bohart, and bed depth service time (BDST) fixed bed adsorption models. Also, the changes in Gibb's free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were estimated from the temperature study. The design of an adsorption column is proposed to treat 10,000 L/day of an industrial effluent containing BPA.

Valued Applications of Lignin Nanoparticles

Technical lignins from the biorefinery, pulp, and paper industries are largely underutilized, even though this aromatic and randomly structured biopolymer could be an interesting raw material for advanced applications in addition to bulk daily goods. Recently, colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) have gained much of the research interests due to the attractive multi-functional properties of the biopolymer. Utilization of lignin in nanoparticulate morphology resolves most of the drawbacks when using lignin (heterogeneity and low solubility). Stable lignin nanodispersions in different formulations is an attractive method to prepare tailored nanobiomaterials. Potential value-added applications include adhesives for wound sealing, edible coatings for foods, fiber modification for textiles to improve adhesion, hydrophobicity, antimicrobial and anti-oxidative properties of the material, as recently shown using chamois and nanocellulose model matrixes. Moreover, CLPs could be used as carriers for enzymes, emulsifiers for colloids, adsorbents in water purification and controlled-release vectors for drugs and pesticides. In this contribution the recent advances are highlighted.

Preparation of a Sepia Melanin and Poly(ethylene-alt-maleic Anhydride) Hybrid Material as an Adsorbent for Water Purification.

Meeting the increasing demand of clean water requires the development of novel efficient adsorbent materials for the removal of organic pollutants. In this context the use of natural, renewable sources is of special relevance and sepia melanin, thanks to its ability to bind a variety of organic and inorganic species, has already attracted interest for water purification. Here we describe the synthesis of a material obtained by the combination of sepia melanin and poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (P(E-alt-MA)). Compared to sepia melanin, the resulting hybrid displays a high and fast adsorption efficiency towards methylene blue (a common industrial dye) for a wide pH range (from pH 2 to 12) and under high ionic strength conditions. It is easily recovered after use and can be reused up to three times. Given the wide availability of sepia melanin and P(E-alt-MA), the synthesis of our hybrid is simple and affordable, making it suitable for industrial water purification purposes.

Sol-Gel Derived Adsorbents with Enzymatic and Complexonate Functions for Complex Water Remediation.

Sol-gel technology is a versatile tool for preparation of complex silica-based materials with targeting functions for use as adsorbents in water purification. Most efficient removal of organic pollutants is achieved by using enzymatic reagents grafted on nano-carriers. However, enzymes are easily deactivated in the presence of heavy metal cations. In this work, we avoided inactivation of immobilized urease by Cu (II) and Cd (II) ions using magnetic nanoparticles provided with additional complexonate (diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid or DTPA) functions. Obtained nanomaterials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to TGA, the obtained Fe3O4/SiO2-NH2-DTPA nanoadsorbents contained up to 0.401 mmol/g of DTPA groups. In the concentration range Ceq = 0–50 mmol/L, maximum adsorption capacities towards Cu (II) and Cd (II) ions were 1.1 mmol/g and 1.7 mmol/g, respectively. Langmuir adsorption model fits experimental data in concentration range Ceq = 0–10 mmol/L. The adsorption mechanisms have been evaluated for both of cations. Crosslinking of 5 wt % of immobilized urease with glutaraldehyde prevented the loss of the enzyme in repeated use of the adsorbent and improved the stability of the enzymatic function leading to unchanged activity in at least 18 cycles. Crosslinking of 10 wt % urease on the surface of the particles allowed a decrease in urea concentration in 20 mmol/L model solutions to 2 mmol/L in up to 10 consequent decomposition cycles. Due to the presence of DTPA groups, Cu2+ ions in concentration 1 µmol/L did not significantly affect the urease activity. Obtained magnetic Fe3O4/SiO2-NH2-DTPA-Urease nanocomposite sorbents revealed a high potential for urease decomposition, even in presence of heavy metal ions.

Functionalized magnetic iron oxide/polyacrylonitrile composite electrospun fibers as effective chromium (VI) adsorbents for water purification

Inorganic/organic composite electrospun fibers have been extensively investigated as adsorbents for the wastewater treatment. In this study, branched polyethylenimine (b-PEI) functionalized magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite electrospun fiber adsorbent (b-PEI-FePAN) was fabricated and systematically explored for the removal of toxic hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. b-PEI grafted PAN organic component not only acted as the flexible substrate to load Fe3O4 particles but also made a contribution to the improved adsorption capacity. In the batch adsorption test, the maximum adsorption capacity based on Langmuir fitting was 684.93mg/g, which was higher than most of the reported adsorbents. The removal efficiency could reach above 98% with a dosage of 0.5mg/mL in the real water samples. Moreover, the filtration efficiency was also above 98.5% even at a high flux of 765L·m−2·h−1 in dynamic filtration experiment. According to mechanism analysis, both electrostatic adsorption and reduction action were involved in the Cr(VI) removal processes. These results demonstrate that b-PEI functionalized Fe3O4/PAN composite electrospun fibers have promising potential in water purification field.

Green synthesis of oriented xanthan gum–graphene oxide hybrid aerogels for water purification

Three-dimensional xanthan gum (XG)/graphene oxide (GO) hybrid aerogels were fabricated by ice crystal templating without using chemical modifiers. The hybrid aerogels were prepared by the stirring of xanthan gum-graphene oxide hybrid solution, followed by freezing at low temperature and finally by freeze-drying. The whole preparation could be completed within 12h without producing any contamination and thus considered a fast, simple, economical, and green method for aerogel fabrication. XG/GO hybrid aerogels possessed different hierarchical pore structures because of various freezing temperatures. A network composed of co-aligned pore channels was obtained at a freezing temperature of −40°C. The as-prepared hybrid aerogels exhibited stability and excellent adsorption capacity for organic dyes and heavy metal ions. Therefore, these aerogels could be used as efficient adsorbents in water purification. This study provided a basis for the cost-effective and large-scale commercial production of high-performance graphene oxide-based aerogels for water purification.

Effect of morphological properties of layered double hydroxides on adsorption of azo dye Methyl Orange: A comparative study

The present research discussed the utilization of layered double hydroxides (LDH) materials with different morphologies as adsorbents for Methyl Orange (MO) removal from aqueous solution. The adsorption properties of LDH with flower-like morphology (f-LDH) have been investigated for azo dye, Methyl Orange (MO), and compared to conventional stone-like coprecipitated LDH phases (c-LDH). Flower-like LDH with high specific surface area of 133m2/g were synthesized by coprecipitation method in dilute alkaline solution. With relatively high specific surface areas, the as-prepared flower-like LDH, when tested as adsorbents in azo dye removal, showed excellent performance and were better than those of conventional coprecipitated LDH. The adsorption isotherms, kinetics and mechanisms for azo dye MO onto as-prepared flower-like LDH were also investigated. The high uptake capability of the as-prepared flower-like adsorbents 500.6mg of MO/g of LDH make them potentially attractive adsorbents in water purification avoiding calcination step. Hence, a low cost material will be acquired with much more benefits namely preserving energy.

Single-helix carbon microcoils prepared via Fe(III)-osmotically induced shape transformation of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) for enhanced adsorption and antibacterial activities

Carbon coils have many significant technological applications; however, most of them were fabricated using either expensive apparatus or complicated procedures. Herein, a versatile and simple method was used for fabricating valuable single-helix carbon microcoils (SHCMs) by Fe(III)-osmotically induced shape transformation of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). This versatile strategy allowed to readily reach high surface area (365m2g−1), large pore volume (0.24cm3g−1) and a narrow average mesoporous size of 5.5nm via a combined impregnation and hydrothermal carbonization process, and to achieve uniform SHCMs in a reasonable system. In addition, the SHCMs showed excellent performance in antibacterial property and the clearance of chloramphenicol, which should be a promising candidate for efficient adsorbent in water purification. The equilibrium data were well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximal adsorption capacity of 124.32mgg−1 at ambient temperature. The antibacterial mechanisms was also explored. The findings revealed that the Fe(III)-osmotically induced transformation is a potential route for large-scale preparation of SHCMs from appropriate biomass precursors.

Evaluation of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seed kernel as a potential feedstock for the production of liquid bio-fuels and activated carbons

Production of liquid bio-fuels (biodiesel and bio-oil) as well as activated carbon from one non-edible feedstock, apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seed kernel was the main objective of the present research work. The oil was extracted from apricot seed kernel with a yield of 49.44% w/w of kernels. Potassium hydroxide-catalyzed transesterification of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seed kernel oil with methanol and ethanol was then applied to produce methylic and ethylic, respectively. Properties of the obtained biodiesels were evaluated and found conformed to ASTM D 6751 limits. The apricot de-oiled seed kernel was pyrolyzed in a semi-batch reactor for bio-oil production. The effect of the pyrolysis temperatures (350, 400, 450, 500, 550 and 600°C), pyrolysis time (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150min) and feed particles size (0.25, 0.40, 0.59 and 0.84mm) on the bio-oil yield was investigated. The maximum production of bio-oil (43.66% w/w) was achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 450°C, 60min pyrolysis time and a feed particles size of 0.25mm. The bio-oil obtained under the optimal conditions was characterized by the elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and column chromatography. The FTIR analysis of the produced bio-fuel indicated that it composes mainly of alkanes, alkenes, ketones, carboxylic acids and amines. Properties of the resulting bio-oil were analyzed in terms of calorific value, density, flash point, pH, acid value, pour point and refractive index. The properties were close to those of petroleum fractions and comparable to those of other bio-oils published in literature. Referring to the experimental results, the obtained bio-oil can be utilized as an important source of alternative fuel and chemicals. The chemical activation method by using sodium hydroxide as the activating agent was utilized to convert the bio-char into activated carbon. The effect of the process parameters including the activation temperatures (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800°C), activation time (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min) and feed particles size (20, 30, 40 and 60 mesh size) on the yield, iodine adsorption number and surface area of the obtained activated carbons were investigated. The optimal activated carbon sample was obtained at 600°C activation temperature, 90min activation time and a feed size of 60 mesh. The resulting activated carbon showed good characteristics to be used as adsorbent in water purification as indicated by scanning electron microscope and FTIR spectroscopy.

Adsorption dynamics of methyl violet onto granulated mesoporous carbon: Facile synthesis and adsorption kinetics

A new and facile one-step synthesis method for preparing granulated mesoporous carbon (GMC) with three-dimensional spherical mesoporous symmetry is prepared to remove large molecular weight organic compounds in aqueous phase. GMC is synthesized in a single step using as-synthesized mesoporous carbon particles and organic binders through a simple and economical synthesis approach involving a simultaneous calcination and carbonization process. Characterization results obtained from SEM, XRD, as well as surface and porosity analysis indicate that the synthesized GMC has similar physical properties to those of the powdered mesoporous carbon and maintains the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and pore volume because the new synthesis method prevents the collapse of the pores during the granulation process. Batch adsorption experiments revealed GMC showed a substantial adsorption capacity (202.8 mg/g) for the removal of methyl violet as a target large molecular contaminant in aqueous phase. The mechanisms and dynamics modeling of GMC adsorption were also fully examined, which revealed that surface diffusion was rate limiting step on adsorption process of GMC. Adsorption kinetics of GMC enables 3 times faster than that of granular activated carbon in terms of surface diffusion coefficient. This is the first study, to the best of our knowledge, to synthesize GMC as an adsorbent for water purification by using facile granulation method and to investigate the adsorption kinetics and characteristics of GMC. This study introduces a new and simple method for the synthesis of GMC and reveals its adsorption characteristics for large molecular compounds in a water treatment.

Preparation of nanostructured carbon covered sand for removal of methyl violet from water

A green, simple and low cost method was used for synthesis of nanostructured carbon covered sand (NCCS) from sugar and river sand. The prepared sample was used as adsorbent for water purification. The prepared NCCS was characterized with scanning electron microscopy energy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), FT-IR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Methyl violet (MV) as a cationic dye was used for adsorption kinetic and isotherm studies to determine removal performance of NCCS. The effect of temperature and pH on the adsorption was studied as well.

Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics studies of Pb2 + adsorption onto new activated carbon prepared from Persian mesquite grain

In the present study, adsorption of Pb2+ from aqueous solutions onto prepared activated carbon using Persian mesquite grain was studied. Several techniques and methodologies such as, proximate analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), Thermo gravimetric analysis TGA/DTA, elemental analysis(CHNS), Boehm titration, and point of zero charge (pHpzc) have been used to determine physicochemical properties of raw material and activated carbon. Through the XRD, SEM, TGA/DTA, elemental and FT-IR analysis, it could be observed that significant changes in porosity occurred after the activation process. The N2 adsorption results demonstrated that the activated carbon is composed mainly of microspores (63.8%), presenting high BET surface area of 1243 (m2·g−1) and exhibit Type I isotherm. According to Boehm titration, surface of activated carbon includes a majority of acidic groups which is in agreement with the obtained pHpzc value of 3.73. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ is much higher than the other granular and powdered activated carbons. High efficiency in Pb2+ removal indicates that activated Persian mesquite grain could be successfully used as an excellent adsorbent in water purification.

Tannic Acid Induced Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Graphene with Good Adsorption and Antibacterial Properties

In this paper, a green one-step strategy is developed to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based multifunctional material with the aid of tannic acid. Tannic acid (TA), a typical plant polyphenol widely present in woods, reduced GO and induced the self-assembly of reduced graphene oxide into graphene hydrogel. The preparation process was carried out in aqueous media under atmosphere pressure without using any toxic reducing agent or special instrument, which is a facile, green, and low-cost method. The as-prepared monolithic 3D graphene exhibits high porosity, low density, hydrophobicity, good mechanical performance, and thermal stability. In addition, it shows excellent adsorption toward dyes, oils, and organic solvent, which should be a promising candidate for efficient adsorbents in water purification. Moreover, the tannic acid retained in the skeleton of 3D graphene functions as a biofunctional component, which endows the TA-GH with good antibacterial capability.

Adsorption Properties and Potential Applications of Bamboo Charcoal: A Review

Bamboo charcoal was produced by pyrolysis or carbonization process with extraordinary properties such as high conductivity, large surface area and adsorption property. These properties can be improved by activation process that can be done thermally or chemically. In this paper, carbonization and activation process of bamboo, its structural and adsorption properties will be presented. Herein, the adsorption properties of bamboo charcoal that has fully utilized in solar cell as the electrode, adsorbent for water purification and electromagnetic wave absorber are reviewed.