Adsorbent For Removal Of Pb Research Articles

Sulfonated graphene oxide as an adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ and methylene blue

One of the major challenges encountered in some conventional nano-structured adsorbents such as graphene oxide (GO) and graphene is the structural limits including serious aggregation and hydrophilic surface in water. And the sulfanilic acid functionalized graphene oxide (SGO) can powerfully attract positively charged pollutants. Therefore, the SGO served as an adsorbent to remove dyes and toxic metal ions from aqueous solution were intensively investigated. At the same time the reduced sulfonated graphene oxide (rSGO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene oxide (GO) were performed as the comparative samples. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of SGO were 2530 mg/g for methylene blue and 415 mg/g for Pb2+, which was much higher than that of the contrast samples and adsorbents reported in literatures. The adsorption of SGO was investigated systematically including the saturated adsorption capacities, isotherm, and kinetic adsorption process. The SGO displayed high adsorption efficiency and superior adsorption capacity toward metal ions and dyes, which is mainly attribute to the good dispersibility and the multiple adsorption sites of SGO. These results are promising not only providing effective adsorbing heavy metal ions and organic dyes, but also gaining insights into adsorption mechanism of graphene materials.

Tamarix aphylla Biomass as Efficient Adsorbent for Removal of Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution: Kinetic and Applicability for Different Isotherm Models

Tamarix aphylla biomass (TAB) is a low cost adsorbent that has been used for the removal of Pb (II) ions from an aqueous solution. It was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to support the adsorption of Pb (II) ions. The ability of TAB to adsorb Pb (II) ions was investigated by using batch adsorption procedure. The effects of various parameters such as solution pH, adsorbent concentration, contact time and initial Pb (II) ions concentration were examined. The adsorbent data were analyzed using two, three, four and five parameter models at 30oC by using nonlinear regression analysis. Various kinetics models including the Pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-second-order, Elovich, Intra-particle diffusion and Bangham models have been applied to the experimental data to predict the adsorption mechanism. It was found that pseudo-second-order rate was better obeyed than pseudo-first-order reaction supporting that chemisorption process was involved. The examination of error analysis methods showed that the Langmuir model provide the best fit for experimental data than other isotherms. The obtained results show that TAB can be used as an effective and a natural low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions.

Adsorptive removal of Pb(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) from aqueous media and leather wastewater using Padinasanctae-crucis biomass

Adsorptive removal of Pb(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) from aqueous media and leather wastewater using Padinasanctae-crucis biomass

Adsorptive removal of Pb(II) metal from aqueous medium using biogenically synthesized and magnetically recoverable core-shell structured AM@Cu/Fe3O4 nano composite

Adsorptive removal of Pb(II) metal from aqueous medium using biogenically synthesized and magnetically recoverable core-shell structured AM@Cu/Fe3O4 nano composite

Magnetic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) composite for removal of lead and malachite green in wastewater

We designed and synthesized a magnetic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) composite, Cu-MOFs/Fe3O4 as the adsorbent for removal of lead (Pb(II)) and malachite green (MG) in wastewater. This Cu-MOFs/Fe3O4 can be easily prepared by in-situ growth of Cu-MOFs with doping Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The prepared Cu-MOFs/Fe3O4 composite was well characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR spectra. The adsorption experiments found that Cu-MOFs/Fe3O4 can serve as adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) and MG simultaneously. The adsorption capacities were found to be 113.67 mg/g for MG and 219.00 mg/g for Pb2+, respectively, which are significantly higher than reported materials. Adsorption isotherm, kinetics and recyclability of Cu-MOFs/Fe3O4 for removal of Pb(II) and MG were then studied. Adsorption of Pb(II) and MG exhibited Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, with the adsorption kinetics of available second-order kinetic. Physical adsorption for MG and chemical adsorption for Pb(II) were confirmed by Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isothermal adsorption model. The adsorption of Pb(II) and MG in real water samples were then studied. The Fe3O4/Cu-MOFs was found to be recyclable for removal of Pb(II) and MG, can be explored as the potential adsorbent for waste water treatment.

Modeling and Simulation of Sorption of Pb(II) Ions onto Synthesized Graphene Oxide Surface

Herein the study of graphene oxide (GO), synthesized using Hummwe’s method, was used as low-cost adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption process was used to study the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the surface of GO.

Comparative and competitive adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) onto Sepia pharaonis endoskeleton biomass from aqueous solutions

AbstractIn this research, the possibility of simultaneous removal of lead, cadmium and copper divalent ions from water samples through the use of Sepia pharaonis endoskeleton powder (SPEB) as bio‐material, was investigated. The bio‐sorbent was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT‐IR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF). The different factors affecting the bio‐sorption process were studied. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to analyse the experimental data. The kinetic studies showed that the pseudo‐second order model kinetics were compatible with the investigated systems. It was found that under optimal conditions, this bio‐sorbent was efficient in the uptake of these heavy metal ions from both mono and multi‐metal solutions, and high removal percentages were achieved. This study verified the potential ability of SPEB as an efficient natural adsorbent for removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions from river, tap and mineral water samples.

Bio-inspired green synthesis of RGO/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles using Murrayakoenigii leaves extract and its application for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution

We have report a facile, ecofriendly and cost-effective approach to remove toxic heavy metal ions of Pb(II) by magnetically separable reduced graphene oxide/iron oxide (RGO/Fe3O4) nanocomposite synthesized via green method utilizing Murrayakoenigii (Mk) leaves extract as reducing and capping agent. The synthesized RGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption (BET), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Raman spectroscopy measurements. RGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite was used for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by batch adsorption experiments. The results show that adsorption was followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well with Freundlich model and Langmuir isotherm, the monolayer adsorption capacity was found to be 48mg/g at 301K. The results show that the as synthesized RGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite acts an efficient adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The overall results of the study indicate that this newly synthesized magnetically separable RGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite may be potentially utilized for many environmental remediation applications.

Synthesis of Al2O3/carbon composites from wastewater as superior adsorbents for Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal

Al2O3/carbon (Al2O3/C) composites obtained from the alkaline wastewater of oil refinery and acid wastewater of aluminum anodizing factory have been studied with the principle of “using waste to treat waste”. The process includes these steps: (1) acid-alkali neutralization, (2) evaporation, (3) calcination, (4) washing and drying. The Al2O3/C composites prepared by calcinating the precursors under Ar atmosphere are used as high-capacity adsorbents for removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. For Pb(II), the adsorptive behavior satisfies the Langmuir assumptions and the maximum adsorption capacity reaches to 709.2 mg g−1. For Cd (II), the adsorptive behavior satisfies the Freundlich assumptions and the equilibrium adsorption capacity is up to 1299.4 mg g−1. For single adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II), the adsorption kinetics follows Pseudo-second-order model well. This route shows a possible way of reducing emissions to the environment, recovering resource as a valuable material, and providing a novel strategy for wastewater treatment.

The application of graphitic carbon nitride for the adsorption of Pb2+ ion from aqueous solution

This study appraised the potential application of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as an adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ ion from aqueous solution. The g-C3N4 was prepared by direct calcination of the low-cost melamine, and its morphology and microstructure were analyzed. Moreover, the effects of initial solution pH, initial Pb2+ ion concentration, adsorption time, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption properties of the g-C3N4 were investigated. Two widely used isotherm models were used to describe the experimental equilibrium data, and the Freundlich isotherm model described well. Two widely used kinetic models were used to the fit of the adsorption experimental data, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well. The maximum adsorption percentage and maximum adsorption capacity were 98.5% and 7.4 mg g−1, respectively. In addition, the recycling of g-C3N4 for the removal of Pb2+ was investigated, and the results indicated that g-C3N4 owned a good reusability.

Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles supported on activated carbon for adsorption of Pb(II) and Cr(VI) ions from saline solutions

Adsorption ability of prepared magnetic nanoparticles supported on activated carbon (AC-MNPs) was evaluated to synthesize an efficient and a low cost adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) and Cr(VI) ions from single and binary component aqueous solutions in the presence of salinity. Magnetic adsorbent was prepared by co-precipitation over activated carbon derived from almond shell by physical activation method. AC-MNPs was modified by oxygen containing functional groups to enhance the adsorption capacity of adsorbent. XRD, XPS, BET, Boehm, TEM, FT-IR, DLS and XRF were used to characterize the AC@Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2-COOH. Characterization analyses indicated the high dispersion of Fe3O4 crystallites on the activated carbon. TEM, XRD and DLS results revealed that size of Fe3O4 crystallites were below 17nm. XPS results of the adsorbents before and after Pb(II) and Cr(VI) ions adsorption indicated that these metal ions successfully adsorbed. There were found from operating experiments that Cr(VI) ions have a negligible effect on adsorption of Pb(II) ions in binary solutions. However, removal efficiency of metal ions was reduced which were reached 80% and 53% for Pb(II) and Cr(VI), respectively. Results also illustrated that the effect of salinity on the adsorption of metal ions at pH>7 was negligible.

Sorption thermodynamic and kinetic studies of Lead removal from aqueous solutions by nano Tricalcium phosphate

Nano tricalcium phosphate particles were prepared by a wet method from aqueous solutions and characterized using TEM, XRD, and BET-N2 adsorption measurements. The potential of the synthesized nano tricalcium phosphate particles to remove Pb2+ cations from aqueous solutions was investigated in batch reactor under different experimental condition. The effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature were studied in batch experiments. The sorption of Pb2+ by nano-TCP increased as the initial concentration of lead ion increased in the medium. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as G°, H° and S° were calculated. Thermodynamics of Pb2+ cation sorption onto nano-TCP system pointed at spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. The pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were applied to study the kinetics of the sorption processes. The pseudo-second order kinetic model provided the best correlation (R2 > 0.999) of the used experimental data compared to the pseudo-first order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. The maximum Pb2+ adsorbed was found to be 4761.90 mg/g. It was found that the sorption of Pb2+ on nano-TCP was correlated well (R2 = 0.982) with the Langmuir equation as compared to Freundlich and Dubinin–Kaganer–Radushkevich (D-K-R) isotherm equation under the concentration range studied. This study indicated that nano-TCP could be used as an efficient adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution.

Functionalized nano magnetic Fe3O4–SiO2 core–shell as efficient adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solutions

Functionalized nano magnetic Fe3O4–SiO2 core–shell as efficient adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solutions

Sorption thermodynamic and kinetic studies of Lead removal from aqueous solutions by nano Tricalcium phosphate

Nano tricalcium phosphate particles were prepared by a wet method from aqueous solutions and characterized using TEM, XRD, and BET-N2 adsorption measurements. The potential of the synthesized nano tricalcium phosphate particles to remove Pb2+ cations from aqueous solutions was investigated in batch reactor under different experimental condition. The effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature were studied in batch experiments. The sorption of Pb2+ by nano-TCP increased as the initial concentration of lead ion increased in the medium. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as G°, H° and S° were calculated. Thermodynamics of Pb2+ cation sorption onto nano-TCP system pointed at spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. The pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were applied to study the kinetics of the sorption processes. The pseudo-second order kinetic model provided the best correlation (R2 > 0.999) of the used experimental data compared to the pseudo-first order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. The maximum Pb2+ adsorbed was found to be 4761.90 mg/g. It was found that the sorption of Pb2+ on nano-TCP was correlated well (R2 = 0.982) with the Langmuir equation as compared to Freundlich and Dubinin–Kaganer–Radushkevich (D-K-R) isotherm equation under the concentration range studied. This study indicated that nano-TCP could be used as an efficient adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution.

Adsorptive Removal of Pb(II) Ions with Magnetic Metal-Organic Frameworks from Aqueous Samples

Adsorptive Removal of Pb(II) Ions with Magnetic Metal-Organic Frameworks from Aqueous Samples

Removal efficiency of Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution and natural water by ketoenol–pyrazole receptor functionalized silica hybrid adsorbent

ABSTRACTIn this study, we reported an efficient, alternative, and low-cost adsorbent for the efficient removal of Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) from water. The new hybrid material has been prepared by immobilizing a conjugated system (2Z)-1-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-hydroxybut-2-en-1-one on silica gel previously doped with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The formed surface (SiNPz) was perfectly analyzed. Adsorption studies have demonstrated the ability to highlight the surface designed for efficient removal of above toxic metals from aqueous solutions using FAAS. The new material was used for the extraction of metals from natural water and showed efficiency results for toxic heavy metals.

Guar gum-grafted poly(acrylonitrile)-templated silica xerogel: nanoengineered material for lead ion removal

Polysaccharides are renewable biodegradable natural materials and are accounted for to control the formation of hybrid silica nanocomposites by sol gel process. The synthesis of templated silica xerogel essentially includes two critical steps of hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction that are started by catalyst and silica precursor solution. Aside from this Saponification guar-graft-polyacrylonitrile (s-GG-g-PAN) as a copolymer are included in the precursor solution for providing a novel templating environment for silica matrix formation. The s-GG-g-PAN acts as a template for the silica produced in the blended framework because of the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups at silanols and hydroxyl group and carbonyl groups at the copolymer surface. Connected silanol groups can further hydrolyze and after that take part in the condensation reaction. Accordingly, the s-GG-g-PAN template gets trapped inside the resulting silica system, which on calcining at 900 °C is lost, producing pores of shape and size of the template. The surface area and pore volume of the developed templated silica xerogel have been determined. The surface area and pore volume of the template silica xerogel (H900) were observed to be (240 m2 g−1) and (0.286 ccg−1) respectively. The conditions for the adsorption by adsorbent had been enhanced, and kinetics and thermodynamic studies were performed. The best result in terms of lead adsorption was obtained with templated silica xerogel calcined at 900 °C. The % Pb2+ removal is observed to be 96% when H900 adsorbent was treated under ideal adsorption states of measurements 0.05g dose, 500mgL−1 Pb2+ concentration, time 2 h, pH 5 at 30 °C. The adsorption information fitted satisfactorily to Langmuir isotherms, showing unilayer adsorption. In view of the Langmuir model, Qmax was calculated to be 2000 mgg−1. Theadsorption demonstrated pseudo-second-order kinetics. The thermodynamic study revealed the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption. The adsorbent demonstrated good thermal stability and high reusability. The present study highlights the possibility of silica xerogel derived from saponified guar gum-grafted poly (acrylonitrile) toward its potential application as superior adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution.

Effective utilization of iron ore slime, a mining waste as adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) and Hg(II)

The environmental pollution is rapidly increasing due to industrialisation. Among all toxic pollutants, heavy metal ions easily bio-accumulate in living organism and such type of accumulation causes detrimental effects in the whole life cycle of all living inhabitants. Protection of the environment for its sustainable development has led to several initiatives been taken for wastewater treatment. In this regard, the present study represents commercially feasible technique for the complete removal of lead and mercury ions from industrial wastewater, by using naturally occurring iron ore slime. It has been observed that Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions can be removed efficiently within a long range of pH. The present study also includes the effect of several process parameters in adsorption of heavy metals such as initial concentration of pollutants and adsorbent, pH and retention time. Adsorption was carried out via both mixing-settling and packed column methods and also adsorption isotherm was investigated here. The results of the characterisation study of slime ensure that the major component is hematite and moreover, high surface area is the influencing parameters for adsorption of heavy metals.

Novel glycine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles entrapped calcium alginate beads for effective removal of lead

The magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were functionalized with glycine at pH6. The glycine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (GFMNPS) were then entrapped into alginate polymer as beads and used as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) ions. The developed adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer and scanning electron microscopic analysis. The surface of beads contain amino and carboxylate groups which make them effective adsorbents for the removal of Pb(II) ions. The adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was found to be highly pH dependent. 92.8% Pb(II) was removed just in 10min. The kinetic data fitted well with pseudo second order model and the equilibrium was reached in 100min with 99.8% removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherm strictly followed Langmuir model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 555.5mg/g of the adsorbent. The thermodynamic study confirmed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorbent could be regenerated four times simply by 0.2M HNO3 retaining 90% of the adsorption capacity. The synthesized adsorbent was found to be eco-friendly, cost-effective, efficient and superior over other polymer based adsorbents for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution.

Amino-functionalized MOFs combining ceramic membrane ultrafiltration for Pb (II) removal

Amino-functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were combined with ceramic membrane ultrafiltration (CUF) for the first time in adsorptive removal of Pb (II) from wastewater. Rapid synthesis (3min) of the MOFs was achieved via a microwave-promoted method. The obtained MOFs exhibit a sphere-like morphology with an average diameter around 100nm, and an X-ray diffraction pattern of UiO-66-NH2. Effects of trans-membrane pressure (TMP), cross-flow velocity (CFV), temperature and pH were investigated on the combined MOFs-CUF process. The results showed that the MOFs can be completely retained (100%) by the membrane with an average pore size of 50nm. At TMP=0.15MPa, CFV=4.0m·s−1 and T=35°C, the process experienced the highest removal (61.4%) of Pb (II), and the lowest flux decline and lowest degree of membrane fouling. Moreover, the adsorption capacity at equilibrium was remarkably high (1795.3mg·g−1). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the adsorption data (R2=0.9997). The adsorption mechanisms of coordination interaction between amidogen (–NH2) and Pb (II) were confirmed. The adsorbed Pb (II) can be effectively desorbed by controlling pH at 4.5 during 6 cycles. The effective membrane cleaning method was using 0.5% (w/w) ammonium citrate followed by 0.5% (w/w) HNO3 solution and each cleaning for an hour at 18–50°C, eventually the flux exhibits a recovery efficiency near 100%. Therefore, MOFs combined with ceramic membrane ultrafiltration have great potential in heavy metal wastewater treatment.