Adoptive Parents Research Articles

Albertine Sarrazin's Adoption

While Albertine Sarrazin's entire corpus speaks obliquely to her adoption and unknown Algerian origins, in her autofictional novel, La traversière (1967), the author deals with her adoption head on. The scene of her renunciation by her adoptive parents opens the novel, and a series of unsettling reminiscences about her childhood anchor the narrator's current struggles in a difficult past. Developing the trauma of her own adoption also allows Sarrazin to develop a critique of adoption more broadly. At the same time, in writing about adoption, Sarrazin writes a new kind of "family romance" which de-essentializes kinship, centers women, and allows for self-invention.

Parental Leave Policies in the Top 20 US Hospitals: A Call for Inclusivity and Improvement.

To evaluate and compare parental leave policies from the top United States (US) hospitals with a focus on inclusivity of all types of parents. In September and October of 2021, the parental leave policies of the top 20 US hospitals, ranked by the 2021 US News & World report, were evaluated. Parental leave policies were obtained and reviewed through the hospitals' public websites. Hospitals' Human Relations (HR) departments were contacted to confirm the policies. Hospital policies were scored against a rubric created by the authors. Among the top US hospitals (21 total hospitals), 17 (81%) had publicly available policies, and one policy was obtained by contacting HR. Fourteen of the 18 hospitals (77.8%) had a parental leave policy distinctive from short-term disability and offered paid paternity or partner leave. Thirteen hospitals (72.2%) offered parental leave for parents whose children were carried through surrogacy. Fourteen hospitals (77.8%) included adoptive parents; however, only five hospitals (27.8%) specifically included foster parents. The average paid leave for birthing mothers was 7.9 weeks compared to 6.6 weeks for nonbirthing parents. Only three hospitals offered the same leave for birthing and nonbirthing parents. While a few of the top 20 hospitals have paid parental leave policies that are inclusive and equivalent to all parents, many do not and represent an area for improvement. As healthcare industry leaders, these hospitals should strive for inclusive parental leave policies that care for their employees with the same high standards they set for caring for patients.

Islamic Inheritance Law and Its Implications on the Rights of Adopted Children in IndonesiaPerspective on Adopted Children Enforcement in The Law of Inheritance

Adoption has developed into a widespread phenomenon in the context of Indonesian society. Due to the fact that adoption affects the interests of individuals within a family, adoption has been integrated into the legal framework that regulates family relationships As a result of the way it influences individual interests within the family, it has been incorporated into the legal framework governing family relationships. Article 39 of the Child Protection Law, adoptive parents must pay attention to the best interests of the child during the process, which must also be carried out in accordance with community habits, applicable laws and regulations. There are two categories of adoption in Indonesia: domestic adoption, which occurs between Indonesian citizens, and international adoption, which involves children of Indonesian citizens who are adopted by people who are not residents of Indonesia. The research method used is known as normative juridical research. This research method is used to understand and evaluate whether a legal regulation has complied with the applicable legal principles and formal requirements set by the law. The author chooses this method because it is relevant to various fields of law and generates new ideas. According to research, the inheritance rights of indigenous Indonesians are carried out based on Islamic law in situations involving Indonesian inheritance law. Adopted children are still considered biological parents and are not entitled to inherit from their adoptive parents. The local customary law system will determine how many adopted children are entitled to inheritance. Adopted children still receive inheritance from their biological parents, not from their adoptive parents because adopted children do not inherit from their adoptive parents. Increased public awareness and stricter regulations in Indonesia regarding adoption practices can help protect the rights and interests of children and promote safer and more secure adoption practices.

PEMBATALAN PENGANGKATAN ANAK PADA PRAKTEKNYA DI PENGADILAN NEGERI BUKITTINGGI

Adoption is a necessity for every family that cannot have children, especially for married couples who do not have children so they make adopted children like biological children. Problems arise if the adoptive parents submitted a lawsuit for canceling the adoption. This paper is the result of legal research method using an empirical juridical problem approach. The legal considerations are that a court may not refuse to examine and decide on a case submitted to the court, even though there is no special arrangements or have not been regulated in existing legislation regarding the cancellation of child adoption, the judge who examines the case must be able to explore, follow, and understand legal values and a sense of justice in society. The reasons for canceling the adoption of this child in this case are the feeling of disappointed with the actions of the adopted child who do not pay attention to their adoptive parents; does not respect his adoptive parents, causing less harmonious communication; adopted children do not take care of their adoptive parents who are elderly or sick, even if their adoptive mother dies, so the adopted child is considered not fulfilling their obligations as a child.

Connecting to birth culture: a phenomenological approach to understanding how transracial adoptive parents address cultural depth

ABSTRACT Adult adoptees and adoption professionals encourage transracial adoptive parents to provide cultural socialization (CS)—learning about and facilitating a sense of connectedness to children’s birth culture. Research showed that CS is related to positive developmental outcomes. However, recent studies suggested that there were varying degrees of cultural depth in CS (Quiroz, 2012; Zhang & Pinderhughes, 2019). This qualitative study examined how transracial adoptive parents addressed cultural depth in CS. Thirty transracial adoptive parents participated in semi-structured phone interviews. Five themes related to cultural depth were identified using phenomenological analysis. Findings revealed that parents’ cognitions about culture (understanding of adoptees’ birth culture, acknowledgment of limited cultural knowledge, and the belief that “culture is not everything”), and actions that facilitate cultural connections (providing role models, creating diverse context) all varied in depth. This paper discussed variations in CS depth and suggested that a deep cultural connection may provide a foundation for adoptees to pursue their identity development journeys as adolescents and young adults. Social workers can use the findings of this study to guide their self-examination of cultural understanding, as well as to help adoptive parents to provide deeper CS to their children.

Understanding Adoption as a Reproductive Justice Issue

Adoption is frequently invoked as a universal social good—an uncomplicated win for adoptees, adoptive parents, and birth parents alike—that obviates the need for abortion. As antiabortionists weaponize adoption to attack reproductive rights, psychologists must recognize adoption as a key reproductive justice issue with significant, lifelong physical and psychological impacts, especially on adopted people and birth parents. Recognizing critical adoption studies as an application of a reproductive justice framework, we argue that psychologists must understand how adoption is both sustained by and reinforces structural inequality and global reproductive injustice. In a post- Roe reality, clinicians and researchers must critically examine adoption histories and myths in order to address the needs of the adoption triad. As an interdisciplinary team of researchers and clinicians in psychology; medicine; genetic counseling; and women's, gender, sexuality, and Asian American studies, we examine adoption's ties to settler colonialism, racism, classism, and imperialism and interrogate harmful dominant narratives about adoption. We then summarize clinical considerations for working with members of the adoption triad, future directions for research on adoption, and recommendations for both clinicians and researchers to advance adoption competence in the face of current attacks on reproductive rights in the United States.

Welcome to parenthood!? An examination of the far-reaching effects of perceived adoption stigma in the workplace

While there may be no difference in terms of the love, care, and bond shared between parent and child, relationships created through adoption are often viewed less favorably in our society compared with those that possess a biological tie. Integrating minority stress and family systems theories, we seek to better understand working adoptive parents’ experiences and how the perceived stigma of being an adoptive parent negatively impacts a variety of work and family outcomes. Using a sample of 501 couples that adopted a child, we find that work–family conflict mediates the relationship between perceived adoption stigma and primary effects (i.e. job satisfaction and depression) as well as spillover effects (i.e. family satisfaction and parent–child bonding) for the job incumbent. Further, we find that the employee’s perceived adoption stigma also has crossover effects to their spouse, negatively impacting the spouse’s depression, family satisfaction, and parent–child bonding. Implications for theory and practice, limitations, and future research are discussed.

Adopter Training - An Essential Premise for Successful Adoption

The present research aims to argue the need to train adults involved in the adoption process, so that each of the actors involved in this process to achieve optimal success - applicants for adoption to become parents, the child / children to find their permanent family, and specialists to follow the stages the adoption and post-adoption process as efficiently as possible. Adoption, although it has all the peculiarities of a classical family, is rather a transitional institution that creates a family different from the traditional biological family, serving a dual purpose, that of first offering a home to a child and then offering parents a child. The complexity of this process makes some applicants for adoption either delay the submission of an application for adoption or give up during the process facing a tumult of rules that become contradictory and create difficulties for them. Between 2018-2021, research was conducted that included 120 candidates for adoption, who were trained according to a new curriculum, and as research methods were used semi-structured interview and psychological training. As result were strengthened the parenting knowledge and skills of least 120 adoptive parents (60 couples) for 18 months and as a consequence was updated the training curriculum for potential national adopters to increase the success of adoption.

Being, becoming, belonging: Negotiating temporality, memory and identity in life story conversations with care-experienced children and young people

This article uses Feminist New Materialist theoretical perspectives on time and temporality to critically explore the social work practice of life story work, designed to help children who are or have been in public care, or are adopted, assemble a coherent narrative of their care journey, adverse experiences and identity. Interview data presented here was produced with 17 participants (foster carers, adoptive parents and social work professionals in care or adoption teams) who were part of a project which sought to understand how aspects of life story work could be transformed into everyday care conversations between children and the adults who care for them (see www.difficultconversations.info ). Our analysis highlights the way participants understood and constructed temporal elements of children’s experiences and identities: their pasts, presents and futures, in the context of having conversations about care with them. Through the discussion, we indicate a need to loosen the configuration of children’s life stories and identities as ‘pre-care’ and ‘post-care’, and instead move toward an acceptance of children’s multiple selves and multiple important others as existing across time.

Sistem Pengangkatan dan Hak Kewarisan Anak Angkat Menurut Adat Tionghoa di Kota Jambi

This research is to find out and analyze the adopted child system according to Chinese customary provisions in Jambi. The approach used is the case approach, the concrete case approach that occurs in the field and the sociological approach, namely the legal approach carried out in practice as a determinant, to test the truth of science, using the scientific method. The purpose of adoption itself is to help others. Likewise regarding the right to inherit from adopted children there is no standard provision according to custom, but adoptive parents will give the rights of adopted children according to their abilities. The Chinese traditional adoption ceremony is carried out in a pagoda, and not through other official institutions. And the appointment was very simple, witnessed by the biological family and adoptive parents of two people from the family of the adoptive parents and biological parents. and given a small amount of money on the part of the child, permanent custody of the biological parents

Developmental trajectories of behavioral inhibition from infancy to age seven: The role of genetic and environmental risk for psychopathology.

The present study leveraged data from a longitudinal adoption study of 361 families recruited between 2003 and 2010 in the United States. We investigated how psychopathology symptoms in birth parents (BP; Mage =24.1 years; 50.5-62.9% completed high school) and adoptive parents (AP; Mage =37.8 years; 80.9% completed college; 94% mother-father couples) influenced children's behavioral inhibition (BI) trajectories. We used latent growth models of observed BI at 18 and 27 months, and 4.5 and 7 years in a sample of adopted children (Female=42%, White=57%, Black=11%, Multi-racial=21%, Latinx=9%). BI generally decreased over time, yet there was substantial variability in these trajectories. Neither BP nor AP psychopathology symptoms independently predicted systematic differences in BI trajectories. Instead, we found that AP internalizing symptoms moderated the effects of BP psychopathology on trajectories of BI, indicating a gene by environment interaction.

Non-Binary Parents and Carers: Naming the Specific Detriment Faced

This empirical qualitative study reports a subset of findings derived from a wider narrative inquiry conducted in the UK. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six participants: four who self-define as non-binary or neutrois and have lived experience of adoption, fostering or birth parenting and two social workers with experience assessing and supporting non-binary carers. Purposive followed by snowball sampling sought to include participants with a range of identities from this hard to access sample. A thematic analysis was employed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six stages and utilising an analysis framework integrating elements of cisgenderism, stigma theory and Foucauldian analysis of discourse and power. Findings showed three key themes emerged: 1). Barriers for non-binary carers, 2) Prejudice in adoption and fostering matching processes, 3). Intersectional disadvantage. Cisgenderism was found to affect non-binary carers at micro, meso and macro levels, ranging from the interactions people had with individual family members, friends and professionals, to organisational policies, procedures and responses, to overarching ways in which wider cisgenderist ideas have infused and influenced society. The stigma attached to non-binary identities is unearthed and unpacked to contribute to a developing conversation aiming to promote inclusion of non-binary identities within social and family life. The key finding of this study that non-binary people do experience specific detriment when trying to start or grow their families adds to a burgeoning conversation on the wider specific detriment that non-binary identity faces within contemporary society. This paper speaks to the ways in which cisgenderism can subtly and pervasively influence a devaluing of identities that sit outside of entrenched binary gender norms. The findings of this exploratory study are as such relevant not only to professionals and academics working with non-binary carers, but more widely to gender theorists and sociologists across the globe.

Peran Tokoh Masyarakat Dalam Pembagian Harta Waris terhadap Anak Angkat

Adopted children cannot inherit the assets of their adoptive parents and only have rights through a mandatory testament, the amount of which cannot be more than 1/3 of the assets left by their adoptive parents as stated in Article 209 paragraph (2) KHI. The fact that happened in the Bobosan sub-district there were 3 (three) cases of inheritance distribution for adopted children who received the entire adoptive parent's inheritance. This paper attempts to explain the role of community leaders in the distribution of the inheritance of adopted children that occurred in the Bobosan sub-district, Banyumas Regency. This type of research is field research using an empirical juridical approach. The data source used was obtained from primary data sources in the field by conducting in-depth interviews with the informants studied. The method used in the qualitative analysis, namely describing, interpreting and interpreting research data by linking role theory (role theory). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the role of community leaders in the distribution of the inheritance of adopted children in the Bobosan sub-district is a religious figure who is trusted by the community to be able to make decisions on inheritance distribution by considering the value of more benefit. According to the religious leader, the division of inheritance that occurs is a need for Ḍaruriyat, adopted children who live in dependence to live in their parents' house and continue the business of their adoptive parents. So that the family and the surrounding community consider the adopted child to be the full successor of the assets and efforts of the adoptive parents in order to prioritize the benefit of the adopted child.
 Keywords: Roles, Religious Leaders, Inheritance, Adopted Children

UPAYA KODIFIKASI HUKUM KEWARISAN SECARA BILATERAL DENGAN POLA DIFERENSIASI DALAM MASYARAKAT PLURALIS

The currently applicable inheritance law in Indonesia is pluralistic in nature since it is formed collectively by adat, Islamic, and western legal systems; not to mention the diverse custom, ethnicity, and belief. Hence, codification of bilateral inheritance law that could address differences in our inheritance and kinship system is needed. Islamic Inheritance Law is a law that regulates heritage treasure of someone who has passed away and given to the beneficiary.Indonesia has set the Compilation of Islamic Law Islamic law of inheritance, such as heirs and inheritance. In the Compilation of Islamic Law, there are several updates to the law of inheritance that do nothave in the past, suchas the division of the estate for the adoptedchild, the adoptive parents, and non Muslim heirs. It makes the writer feel compelled to study deeper the Islamic law of inheritance in IslamicLaw Compilation by using glasses philosophy of law.Indonesian Inheritance Law uses a school of sociology law. The school ofsociology law is in accordance with the conditions of the community because it takes into account the existing customs in the community

Practice examples: Proven strategies benefit adoptive parents

Practice examples: Proven strategies benefit adoptive parents

ADOPTED CHILDREN & HEIRS: THE PROBLEMATICS OF ABUSE OF THE LAW IN INHERITANCE

THIS study aims to analyze the position of adopted children to the inheritance of their adoptive parents as well as to discuss how this position can be if there is a violation of law during the adoption which causes problems with the existing inheritance. The type of this research is descriptive research with a normative approach. Based on this research, the position of adopted children to the inheritance of their adoptive parents is strongly influenced by which type of law is used in the practice of adoption because Western law, Islamic law, and customary law that apply as the basis for adoption in Indonesia have different provisions. Then, if it is found that there has been a violation of law in the adoption of a child which causes problems with inheritance, the judge will identify the problem based on the facts and consider it based on the law used to adopt the adopted child so that the result decision can provide a sense of justice, benefits, as well as legal certainty or in other words an ideal decision.

Relations between Children’s and Parents’ Behavior in Adoptive Families – A Longitudinal Analysis

Despite decades of research on adopted children’s development, little research has examined the mutual relationship between children’s and parents’ post-adoption behavior. The current study used data from a longitudinal study to examine transactional processes between children’s psychosocial adjustment, parenting styles, and parenting stress in a sample of 67 adoptive families. Children’s early behavioral problems predicted later positive parenting, inconsistent parenting, and parenting stress. The findings underline the importance of pre-adoption training for adoptive parents, realistic information on adoptees’ adjustment problems, and continuous post-adoption support.

Mothers’ experiences of their adopted child being diagnosed with an intellectual disability post-adoption

Adoptive-parenting and parenting a child with intellectual disabilities (ID) both present additional stressors relative to birth parenting and adoptive parenting of children without an ID. However, despite children with ID being overrepresented among adopted children populations, very little is known about the parental experiences of having a child diagnosed with an ID post adoption. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse interviews from eight adoptive mothers regarding their experiences of their child being diagnosed with an ID post-adoption. Three superordinate themes were developed: ‘Trauma of intellectual disability’ related to experiences of betrayal, loss and searching for answers in the context an unexpected diagnosis; ‘isolation and marginalisation’ illustrated experiences of isolation from friends, family and professionals alike; and ‘growth and resilience’ highlighted how mothers leant into challenges and renegotiated their hopes for the future. The findings highlighted a lack of appropriately tailored post-adoption and post-diagnostic support from services. Adoptive mothers requested greater inclusion and transparency during the diagnostic process. The findings indicated the importance of adoptive mothers ‘finding their tribe’ suggesting that post-adoption and ID services could do more to facilitate support networks of people with shared experiences.

Mediating Role of the Child’s Temperament on the Relationship Between Mother/Father’s Adoptive Parenting and Adoptee’s Social Skills: Hybrid Dyadic Analyses

Adoption provides a unique opportunity to study the concurrent effect of child’s biology-based characteristics and environmental influences on the adoptees’ development. Herein, two Hybrid Dyadic Models—an innovation in adoption research—were tested to study the mediating role of the adoptees’ negative reactivity on the relationship between mothers/fathers’ supportive (Model A) and unsupportive (Model B) parenting, and adoptees’ social skills. In a sample of 102 couples, mothers’/fathers’ reports on adoptees’ social skills and negative reactivity, and self-reports of supportive/unsupportive parenting were studied. Mothers’ and fathers’ supportive/unsupportive parenting were independently assessed, whereas the adoptees’ negative reactivity and social skills were treated as common fate variables, with both parents’ scores as indicators of a latent construct. Results were non-significant for Model A. Regarding Model B, different relationship patterns were found depending on the informant (mother/father). Higher fathers’ (not mothers’) unsupportive parenting was associated with higher negative reactivity in adoptees, which, in turn, was associated with lower adoptees’ social skills. Considering simultaneously unique and shared perspectives of both parents, this study advances adoption research strengthening the relevance of dyadic analyses when studying the adoptive family dynamics and suggests the need to consider mothers’ and fathers’ different contributions for adoptive parenting.

Sentana Paperasan's Legal Efforts as a Solution to Overcoming Decisions in Banjar Kutuh, Sayan Village, Ubud District, Gianyar Regency

The process of adopting children is not only regulated based on national law, but also regulated according to customary law or often referred to as awig-awig which exists in each traditional village in Bali. In this study, empirical legal research methods will be used which will focus on the discrepancies that occur in accordance with the theory of the reality that occurs in society. The discussion that will be described in this study includes the position and legal protection of sentana extortion in inheritance at Banjar Kutuh, Sayan Village, Ubud District, Gianyar Regency. The position of the custodian of inheritance in Banjar Kutuh, Sayan Village, Ubud District, Gianyar Regency in overcoming the decision, namely in Balinese Customary Law, a child who has undergone the process of extortion ceremony is bound by his family relationship with the adoptive parent accompanied by severance of the relationship with his biological family. Where the relationship of a sentana (adopted child) with his biological parents is erased when they have undergone an extortion ceremony procession. Legal Protection Against Sentana Extortion in Inheritance under Article 832 jo.842 jo. Article 852 (a) of the Civil Code, based on an analysis using the theory of justice and the theory of legal protection, adopted children are included as heirs who inherit based on their own position in the First class in obtaining inheritance rights from their adoptive parents, thereby closing the rights of other heirs.