Stages Of Adoption Research Articles

Reducing market separation through e-commerce: cases of Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) firms in India

ABSTRACT Market-based solutions for poverty alleviation at the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) have been discussed extensively in the literature. Most BoP producer firms are based out of remote locations and suffer from informational asymmetry and a lack of financial resources. This study looks at three BoP firms through Bartels’ theory of market separation to examine whether the adoption of e-commerce helps reduce gaps between producers and consumers. The findings indicate that e-commerce has enabled firms to decrease the spatial, temporal, and informational gaps; however, the effect on the financial gap is yet to be determined. It also recognizes the importance of e-commerce adoption as an effective market-based solution for BoP firms. The findings helped develop a conceptual framework to understand the stages of e-commerce channel adoption by BoP firms. The implications of our findings for theory and practice are discussed.

PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN MELALUI ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA LAMOERI KECAMATAN ANGATA KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of agricultural extension workers on technology adoption and production factors in enhancing wet-rice farming in Lamoeri Village, Angata Subdistrict, South Konawe Regency. The study population consists of 180 registered rice paddy farmers who are members of 10 farmer groups affiliated with the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP). The study sample consisted of 36 individuals, which represents 20% of the population. The sampling method used was simple random sampling. Data was collected through interviews and documentation using questionnaires as instruments. The data was analyzed quantitatively using the class interval formula. The study found that agricultural extension officers in Lamoeri Village played a positive role in assisting rice paddy farmers. Their roles included facilitating, communicating, motivating, and consulting. The study also revealed that the adoption of innovations in rice paddy cultivation technology was generally successful. Extension workers have optimally carried out the stages of adoption of interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption. However, their role in the awareness stage needs improvement. The production process of paddy rice farming is influenced by natural factors, labor, facilities and infrastructure, and expertise factors. Therefore, it is crucial to always consider and prioritize these factors in order to increase farm productivity.

Physicians' Perspectives on AI in Clinical Decision Support Systems: Interview Study of the CURATE.AI Personalized Dose Optimization Platform.

Physicians play a key role in integrating new clinical technology into care practices through user feedback and growth propositions to developers of the technology. As physicians are stakeholders involved through the technology iteration process, understanding their roles as users can provide nuanced insights into the workings of these technologies that are being explored. Therefore, understanding physicians' perceptions can be critical toward clinical validation, implementation, and downstream adoption. Given the increasing prevalence of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs), there remains a need to gain an in-depth understanding of physicians' perceptions and expectations toward their downstream implementation. This paper explores physicians' perceptions of integrating CURATE.AI, a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based and clinical stage personalized dosing CDSSs, into clinical practice. This study aims to understand physicians' perspectives of integrating CURATE.AI for clinical work and to gather insights on considerations of the implementation of AI-based CDSS tools. A total of 12 participants completed semistructured interviews examining their knowledge, experience, attitudes, risks, and future course of the personalized combination therapy dosing platform, CURATE.AI. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded manually. The data were thematically analyzed. Overall, 3 broad themes and 9 subthemes were identified through thematic analysis. The themes covered considerations that physicians perceived as significant across various stages of new technology development, including trial, clinical implementation, and mass adoption. The study laid out the various ways physicians interpreted an AI-based personalized dosing CDSS, CURATE.AI, for their clinical practice. The research pointed out that physicians' expectations during the different stages of technology exploration can be nuanced and layered with expectations of implementation that are relevant for technology developers and researchers.

Re-inventing housing finance with blockchain. The case of Sweden

This article examines the ongoing transformation of mortgage markets induced by blockchain applications for property transactions. It argues that their adoption can reshape housing finance by re-inventing the qualities of products circulating therein. This process was evident in Sweden, where a public–private consortium pioneered the use of blockchain to orchestrate the conveyance and mortgaging of residential across the entire country. Drawing from several distinct fields and building on the analysis of 24 semi-structured interviews, this article follows the interdisciplinary cultural economy literature on marketization. It demonstrates that by integrating technology with the legacy Land Administration System (LAS), the experiment offered a way to “fix” the Swedish mortgage market, through re-engineering conveyance workflow and supplying mortgages with a transparent audit trail. Circulating such radically new products could reconcile contradictions between Swedish mortgage market liquidity and risk-taking on the one hand and longstanding concerns about its financial safety for consumers on the other. This created unanticipated risks, however, which shaped the outcome of the experiment. This research contends that, at this early stage of the technology adoption, taking a step back to better understand the role of LAS in structuring concrete configurations of housing and mortgage markets opens the door to considering the mechanisms that shape the outcomes of such experiments – a reintroduction of existing and profoundly uneven socioeconomic relations.

El camino hacia el cero neto, el papel de los planes de transición y los indicadores prospectivos en la gestión de carteras

RationaleThis article offers a general description of the road towards an economy with zero net emissions (net zero), stressing the importance of this process in portfolio management. To this end, it reviews several of the initiatives currently under way, and details the aspects needed to prepare a transition plan and how key metrics in this context are constructed.Takeaways•The transition towards climate neutrality or net-zero goals affects every sector of the economy, including, on the finance side, investment and asset management. Collectively, individual goals will enable the ultimate global goal to be met. This will call for detailed planning, as well as the implementation of strategies integrating climate and environmental risk management.•The process of setting goals and designing transition plans is currently at the stage of development and adoption by the investment and portfolio management sector, as well as by financial institutions and other firms.•The availability of reliable, comparable data is one of the main challenges in this area. This is the key ingredient for defining and setting goals, and also for designing forward-looking metrics to track the progress made in achieving them.

More Interventions, Low Adoption: To What Extent Are the Existing Seed Sources to Blame? The Case of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato in Central and Northern Malawi

Vitamin A dense Orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) has the potential to build resilient livelihoods against Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD), food insecurity, and climate change. However, the adoption of OFSP among smallholder farmers in Malawi remains low. Although many scholars across the globe have reviewed the seed systems of OFSP, no empirical study, in Malawi or elsewhere, has modelled how the use of the various sources of vines affect farmers’ seed security and eventual decisions to adopt biofortified OFSP varieties. The study employed a mixed methods approach and used a Triple Hurdle model to analyze the effect of the existing sources of vines on the adoption of OFSP among 721 randomly sampled households in central and northern Malawi. The study also developed a seed security experience score (SSES) in order to assess the capacity of the existing sources of vines to ensure farmers’ seed security. By defining adoption as a three-stage process, and by shifting the seed systems focus to capacity of the existing sources of vines, the study departs from the conventional approaches that most scholars have used to model adoption of OFSP. The study found that the existing sources of vines influenced all the three stages of adoption. The SSES results indicated that the capacity of the existing sources subjected the majority of the farmers to a highly seed insecurity status. Interventions therefore must be designed to address the seed security challenges associated with the existing sources in order to enhance the capacity of the sources for widespread and sustained adoption of OFSP.

ADOPSI PETANI TERHADAP BENIH UNGGUL MEKONGGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI SAWAH DI DESA TAWAMELEWE KECAMATAN UEPAI KABUPATEN KONAWE

Increasing population growth and increasing human needs cause the need for land to also increase. A farmer is someone who operates in the agricultural sector, mainly by managing land with the aim of growing and maintaining plants such as rice, flowers, fruit, etc., with the hope of obtaining results from these plants for their own use or selling them to other people. The aim of this research is to find out the stages of adoption of superior seeds of lowland mekongga rice and what the stages of adoption of superior seeds of mekongga lowland rice are by farmers in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District, Konawe Regency. This research was carried out from July to September 2023 in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District, Konawe Regency. The research results show that the majority of farmers adopted superior mekongga seed innovations through five stages of adoption, namely the awareness stage, interest stage, assessment stage, trial stage and adoption stage. There is a small number of farmers who accept the innovation of superior mekongga seeds to the level of awareness and interest.

Effectiveness of Extension Communication Channel in the Adoption Process of Hermetic Bag Storage Technology in Nakuru, Kenya

This study sought to examine effectiveness of extension communication channel on adoption process of hermetic bag storage technology. This was prompted by the various maize post-harvest losses experienced by farmers despite maize being staple food in Kenya. Correlational study design was employed while proportional simple random sampling technique was used to obtain a sample size of 120 farmers in the Njoro, Molo and Rongai sub-counties of Nakuru County. Content and face validity was assessed by subjecting the instrument to critique by experts in Egerton University. Cronbach alpha was used to estimate the reliability of the research instruments and was found to be 0.848. Descriptive statistics (means, percentages and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation) were employed for data analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to test the hypotheses at significant level of α = 0.05. The results indicated that Pearson Correlation was highest at the decision-making stage 0.853 followed by the persuasion stage at 0.651, adoption stage at 0.624 then implementation stage came fourth at 0.466 and finally awareness stage at 0. 363. Therefore the study established that extension communication channel is effective in adoption process of hermetic bag storage technology. This is with strong positive influence at decision stage and weak positive influence at awareness stage of the adoption process. The study hence that Government should come up with policies to support extension service to facilitate the adoption of hermetic bag storage technology and hence attain food security.

Growth and opportunities for drone surveillance in pinniped research

AbstractPinniped species undergo uniquely amphibious life histories that make them valuable subjects for many domains of research. Pinniped research has often progressed hand‐in‐hand with technological frontiers of wildlife biology, and drones represent a leap forward for methods of aerial remote sensing, enabling data collection, and integration at new scales of biological importance. Drone methods and data types provide four key opportunities for wildlife surveillance that are already advancing pinniped research and management: 1) repeat and on‐demand surveillance, 2) high‐resolution coverage at large extents, 3) morphometric photogrammetry, and 4) computer vision and deep learning applications. Drone methods for pinniped research represent early stages of technological adoption and can reshape the field as they scale towards the full potential of their techniques.

Basic electronic health record (EHR) adoption in **Türkiye is nearly complete but challenges persist

BackgroundThe digitalization studies in public hospitals in Türkiye started with the Health Transformation Program in 2003. As digitalization was accomplished, the policymakers needed to measure hospitals’ electronic health record (EHR) usage and adoptions. The ministry of health has been measuring the dissemination of meaningful usage and adoption of EHR since 2013 using Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model (EMRAM). The first published study about this analysis covered the surveys applied between 2013 and 2017. The results showed that 63.1% of all hospitals in Türkiye had at least basic EHR functions, and 36% had comprehensive EHR functions. Measuring the countrywide EHR adoption level is becoming popular in the world. This study aims to measure adoption levels of EHR in public hospitals in Türkiye, indicate the change to the previous study, and make a benchmark with other countries measuring national EHR adoption levels. The research question of this study is to reveal whether there has been a change in the adoption level of EHR in the three years since 2018 in Türkiye. Also, make a benchmark with other countries such as the US, Japan, and China in country-wide EHR adoption in 2021.MethodsIn 2021, 717 public hospitals actively operating in Türkiye completed the EMRAM survey. The survey results, deals with five topics (General Stage Status, Information Technology Security, Electronic Health Record/Clinical Data Repository, Clinical Documentation, Closed-Loop Management), was reviewed by the authors. Survey data were compared according to hospital type (Specialty Hospitals, General Hospitals, Teaching and Research Hospitals) in terms of general stage status. The data obtained from the survey results were analyzed with QlikView Personal Edition. The availability and prevalence of medical information systems and EHR functions and their use were measured.ResultsWe found that 33.7% of public hospitals in Türkiye have only basic EHR functions, and 66.3% have extensive EHR functions, which yields that all hospitals (100%) have at least basic EHR functions. That means remarkable progress from the previous study covering 2013 and 2017. This level also indicates that Türkiye has slightly better adoption from the US (96%) and much better than China (85.3%) and Korea (58.1%).ConclusionsAlthough there has been outstanding (50%) progress since 2017 in Turkish public hospitals, it seems there is still a long way to disseminate comprehensive EHR functions, such as closed-loop medication administration, clinical decision support systems, patient engagement, etc. Measuring the stage of EHR adoption at regular intervals and on analytical scales is an effective management tool for policymakers. The bottom-up adoption approach established for adopting and managing EHR functions in the US has also yielded successful results in Türkiye.

Chinese college students collaborative mobile-assisted language learning experience and flow as a key factor for further adoption.

In recent years, the widespread shift toward online learning in higher education has led to a notable increase in the utilization of collaborative mobile-assisted language learning (MALL). However, the efficacy and implementation of MALL in college settings remain subjects of ongoing scholarly debate. To gain deeper insights into the experiences of Chinese college students with collaborative MALL and investigate factors that may influence their intentions for further adoption, this study proposed a comprehensive model that integrates the updated Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and flow theory. The model aimed to assess the relationship between flow and various antecedents, including perceived cost, social influences, perceived mobility, collaboration, and knowledge sharing, which shape students' intentions to adopt collaborative MALL. A survey was conducted among a sample of 831 students from 32 provinces and autonomous regions. The data analysis revealed that while 73% of participants reported having experienced collaborative MALL, overall adoption levels among Chinese college students are still in its initiative stage of adoption. Furthermore, variations were observed in the experiences of students from different majors and level of education. Importantly, the assessment of the proposed Mobile Collaborative Language Learning (MCLL) Model demonstrated the significant role of flow in predicting the adoption of collaborative MALL among Chinese college students. The study concludes with suggestions for future research opportunities based on the research findings, aiming to enhance our understanding and application of collaborative MALL in higher education contexts.

The Adoption and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Public Organizations: Evidence from U.S. State Governments

Although the use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots in public organizations has increased in recent years, three crucial gaps remain unresolved. First, little empirical evidence has been produced to examine the deployment of chatbots in government contexts. Second, existing research does not distinguish clearly between the drivers of adoption and the determinants of success and, therefore, between the stages of adoption and implementation. Third, most current research does not use a multidimensional perspective to understand the adoption and implementation of AI in government organizations. Our study addresses these gaps by exploring the following question: what determinants facilitate or impede the adoption and implementation of chatbots in the public sector? We answer this question by analyzing 22 state agencies across the U.S.A. that use chatbots. Our analysis identifies ease of use and relative advantage of chatbots, leadership and innovative culture, external shock, and individual past experiences as the main drivers of the decisions to adopt chatbots. Further, it shows that different types of determinants (such as knowledge-base creation and maintenance, technology skills and system crashes, human and financial resources, cross-agency interaction and communication, confidentiality and safety rules and regulations, and citizens’ expectations, and the COVID-19 crisis) impact differently the adoption and implementation processes and, therefore, determine the success of chatbots in a different manner. Future research could focus on the interaction among different types of determinants for both adoption and implementation, as well as on the role of specific stakeholders, such as IT vendors.

Affordance-led framework of understanding of BIM adoption

PurposeSuccessful adoption of building information modelling (BIM) by early adopters is crucial for its effective diffusion. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework of understanding that supports contextualized understanding of BIM adoption decisions in a BIM infant industry. The framework bridges the gap in current knowledge in terms of the absence of such a framework, which has hindered the structured understanding of the BIM decision of an adopter, curtailing the appropriate strategizing of their BIM adoption.Design/methodology/approachThe study focuses on a BIM infant industry, where early adopters begin using BIM, allowing insights into this crucial initial stage of adoption. Identifying affordances as a versatile concept that could effectively represent not only what an adopter perceives and expects from BIM implementation, but also, what the adopter, in fact, can achieve from it, an affordance-led framework of understanding (AFU) was developed to comprehensively capture varying dynamics of BIM decision process. The study took a qualitative retroductive approach to theory with semi-structured interviews to gather necessary data from a sample of BIM adopters purposively selected to maximize the breadth and depth of data.FindingsThe study concludes by identifying and defining pertinent affordances as a new concept and a compulsory state for BIM adoption. Findings further demonstrate that existing theories can be linked to the AFU to strategically direct the affordances dynamics towards the pertinent state.Originality/valueThe AFU enables a deeper contextualizable view of innovation adoption that was absent in existing innovation studies. It significantly enhances the precision of strategizing BIM adoption compared to previous approaches, enabling adopters to plan and implement BIM in a manner that aligns well with their expectations and specific conditions.

Understanding German farmers’ intention to adopt drought insurance

Climate risks, particularly droughts and heat waves, negatively affect agricultural incomes worldwide. Drought insurance is promising to mitigate resulting income losses at the farm level. As the proportion of German farmers insured against drought is low, policymakers and insurers aim to increase the appeal of drought insurance to farmers. However, to accelerate their efforts in this regard, more information regarding farmers' intention to adopt drought insurance beyond current adoption is needed. To obtain initial insights, we surveyed 127 German farmers in a risk management context and applied a modified transtheoretical model of behavioral change. This revealed detailed information on the gradual adoption of drought insurance. Given a heterogenous distribution among the gradual stages of adoption, a binomial logit model was estimated instead of an ordered logit to investigate farmers' current intention to adopt drought insurance. Furthermore, the machine learning technique of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was applied to select the most relevant features to be used as explanatory variables in the estimation. The results show that farmers' gender and risk attitude, land tenure, how severely they were affected previously by weather risks, and the level of trust in index insurance products have a statistically significant effect on farmers' intention to adopt drought insurance. Additionally, this study provides insights into farmers' reasons against drought insurance. As such, the results are important to policymakers considering policy intervention, insurers interested in farmers' intention to insure and to researchers focusing on farmers’ adaptation to climate change.

Assessment of Adoption and Early Implementation Barriers and Facilitators of the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) Model.

Although the use of interventions for screening for social determinants of health of families in pediatric primary care clinics has increased in the past decade, research on the barriers and facilitators of implementing such interventions has been limited. We explored barriers, facilitators, and the mechanisms clarifying their roles in the adoption and implementation of the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) model, an approach for strengthening families, promoting children's health and development, and preventing child maltreatment. A total of 28 semistructured interviews were completed with 9 practice champions, 11 primary care professionals, 5 behavioral health professionals, and 3 nursing/administrative staff representing 12 pediatric primary care practices participating in a larger randomized control trial of implementing SEEK. We identified several barriers and facilitators in the stages of SEEK's adoption and early implementation. Barriers associated with outer and inner setting determinants and poor innovation-organization fit declined in importance over time, while facilitators associated with SEEK characteristics increased in importance based on participants' responses. Barriers and facilitators were linked by mechanisms of comparison and contrast of burdens and benefits, and problem-solving to address limited capacity with available resources. Any screening for and addressing social determinants of health demands greater attention to adoption and implementation mechanisms and the processes by which primary care professionals assess and utilize facilitators to address barriers. This occurs in a context defined by perceived burdens and benefits of innovation adoption and implementation, the capacity of the practice, and changes in perception with experiencing the innovation.

Digital “is” Strategy: The Role of Digital Technology Adoption in Strategy Renewal

As digital technologies emerge and improve rapidly, firms face changing tradeoffs in terms of their technology infrastructure and strategic direction. Hence, many of them adopt new digital technology and develop new business models and strategies. The literature on strategic alignment of IT suggests that firms need to synchronize these different domains of choice. We therefore, ask how far firms renew their strategy as they adopt new technologies. In this article, we study this question empirically by assessing if the adoption of new digital technologies is associated with, or even leads to, changes to firm strategy using a detailed survey-based dataset on firms’ strategy renewal and their adoption of digital technologies. We observe a strong positive association between the extent of strategy change and the stage of adoption of advanced digital technologies overall, suggesting a tight coupling between (technological) structure and strategy. Further, using instrumental variable regressions to disentangle the two effects, we find that the adoption of new technologies may lead to a large and robust effect on strategy change: the more extensive the adoption, the larger the change in strategy. This result is robust to various specifications and across industries. However, we notice substantial differences across technologies, potentially pointing at heterogeneity in their strategic nature or maturity level.

Using AI Tools to Develop Training Materials for Aviation: Ethical, Technical, and Practical Concerns

A key potential advantage of modern training technologies relates to the ability to use them to automate aspects of training. Although in the early stages of adoption within the aviation industry, artificial intelligence (AI) tools and methods have many promises for training design, development, delivery, and assessment. We applied the use-case technology-mapping framework (UCTM) to identify and analyze how automation and AI technologies may be used within the flightcrew training design pipeline, integrating perspectives from relevant literature, informal discussions with stakeholders, and workshops with domain experts. Our preliminary findings highlight current/near-future applications of AI methods and tools in the training design pipeline. Here, we discuss ethical/legal, technical, and practical considerations for flightcrew training. We urge practitioners and researchers in the aviation human factors community to engage in this discussion and to conduct empirical research that will allow for a positive use of the technology across applications, including in aviation training. Practical Takeaways/Applications. • We present a wide range of potential use cases of AI in flightcrew training. • We discuss the ethical/legal, technical, and practical implications of automation and AI. • This information may inform future training processes and practices in the aviation domain.

Recent Developments in Biobased Foams and Foam Composites for Construction Applications

AbstractA surge of research into renewable foams has yielded an array of high‐performance polymeric materials, many of which exhibit promising properties for next generation thermal insulating materials. Biobased materials are of particular interest, due to growing concerns towards enhancing the circular economy while reducing fossil fuel dependency in the construction industry. This review outlines recent developments in biobased foams based on biobased polyurethanes (BPU), biobased phenol formaldehyde (BPF) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) foams. These three areas of polymers are of particular interest due to their early stage of market adoption, yet significant industrial potential. As our focus is on construction materials, we will review their thermal, mechanical, and fire‐retardant performance, their synthesis/fabrication methods and future prospects. Improving the scalability, reproducibility and cost‐effectiveness of their production is vital for successful commercialization adoption.

Fostering Awareness of Integrating Education for Sustainable Development in Teacher Education Institutions across the Caraga Region, Philippines

This study investigates the awareness and integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) within teacher education institutions in the Caraga Region, Philippines. Examining policy, legal foundations, and the ESD framework, findings reveal diverse levels of awareness regarding ESD policies and legalities, indicating the necessity for comprehensive dissemination. ESD framework integration spans social, environmental, and economic dimensions, with practices exhibiting an initial stage of adoption. Student participation in institutional decision-making varies, indicating room for enhancing inclusivity and shared governance. While environmental sustainability efforts encompass energy efficiency, challenges in eco-friendly practices and aesthetic learning environments persist. Economic empowerment through ESD is evident, when students engage in commerce-focused learning initiatives. Faculty development emerges as crucial, shaping effective ESD integration through enhanced pedagogical strategies. In summary, this study underscores the evolving landscape of ESD integration, emphasizing the importance of knowledge dissemination, student engagement, faculty development, and comprehensive sustainability initiatives within teacher education institutions. These insights contribute to holistic educational approaches, fostering environmentally aware, socially responsible, and economically equipped graduates prepared for sustainable future challenges.

Artificial intelligence in healthcare: the value co-creation process and influence of other digital health transformations

PurposeDigital transformations are altering service models and care delivery methods in healthcare. Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents the next wave of transformation in healthcare. This study aims to understand patient perceptions of AI and its impact on value co-creation.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model was developed to investigate how value co-creation operant resources (digital self-efficacy and relational service quality) impact value co-creation engagement (shared decision-making) and value co-creation outcomes (anticipatory AI value co-creation and intention to adopt AI). Data were collected from 332 respondents and analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results indicate that the value co-creation process for AI technologies is a function of inputs, experiences and AI outputs. Operant resources were found to be positively associated with shared decision-making. However, not all operant resources directly and positively impacted AI outcomes. The indirect and positive mediated relationships through shared decision-making to AI outcomes suggest an interactive AI value co-creation process.Research limitations/implicationsAI technologies are still in early stages of consumer adoption in healthcare. Future research is warranted that investigates the validity of the model through maturing service life cycles.Practical implicationsCustomer perceptions of new digital innovations are formed in the context of previous digital experiences. Marketers need to understand how customers view their current non-AI technologies. Strong engagement and perceived value of current technologies will help ease customers into the usage of AI technologies.Originality/valueThis study investigates the unique stages of the value co-creation process for AI technologies in healthcare. The results demonstrate that the value co-creation process is a function of inputs, tech-enabled experiences and AI outputs.