Adolescents In Ibadan Research Articles

Influence of psychosocial factors on HIV sexual risk behaviour among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

No Abstract. African Journal for the psychological studies of social issues Vol. 10 (1&2) 2007: pp. 239-250

Sexual Behaviour and Contraceptive Usage of Secondary School Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

Objective To determine the prevalence and pattern of sexual activity as well as the contraceptive practices among the selected secondary school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the selected senior secondary school students in Ibadan, following a stratified multistage random sampling technique. Results There were 695 respondents out of which the females constituted 51% and the males were 49%. Less than one third (28.3%) of the respondents have had previous sexual exposure at the time of the study. The median age of sexual debut among the sexually exposed was 15 years in both the males and the females. Bivariate analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of respondents with previous sexual exposure showed that, sex, religion, father's and mother's educational background and level of class were statistically significant(P Conclusion It is quite obvious that risky sexual behaviours are in practice among the secondary school students studied and by extension in the country. It therefore means that reproductive health issues especially concerning the adolescents will have to be openly discussed by all with our youths while abstinence/chastity should be cherished.

Prevalence of malocclusion among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusion among predominantly Yoruba adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria, and to compare the results with those of other authors. The sample for this epidemiological survey comprised 636 secondary school students, (334 [52.5%] boys and 302 [47.5%] girls), aged 12-17 years (mean age, 14.72 ± 1.16 SD). The subjects were randomly selected, and none had received previous orthodontic treatment. Occlusal anteroposterior relationships were assessed based on the Angle classification. Other variables examined were overjet, overbite, crowding, and midline diastema. The results showed that about 24% of the subjects had normal occlusions, 50% had Class I malocclusions, 14% had Class II malocclusions, and 12% had Class III malocclusions. Over 66% had normal overbites, and 14% and 9% had increased and reduced values, respectively. Overjet relationship was normal in 66%, increased in 16%, and decreased in 8%. Crowding was observed in 20% of the subjects and midline diastema in 37%. No statistically significant differences were observed for any occlusal variables ( P > .05). Class I malocclusion is the most prevalent occlusal pattern among these Nigerian students. Different patterns of Class II and Class III might be present for the dominant ethnic groups in the country. Therefore, a survey of the occlusal pattern in southeastern Nigerians (Ibo ethnic group) would appear to be worthwhile.

Skills Training for Safe Sexual Practice and Coercive Behavior Prevention among Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

This study examined the effect of a didactic skills training program for in-school adolescents in Ibadan on knowledge concerning prevention of sexual coercion, knowledge about HIV/AIDS, sexual role/responsibility and assertiveness/communication skills. A total of 73 in-school adolescents ages 15 – 19 years (χ = 18.2, SD 2.1) who were recruited from four secondary schools in a local government area took part in the study. Results showed a significant (p Also, being male, having good general self-efficacy, greater age and greater number of years of education significantly predicted a greater increase in skill acquisition. At 6 month follow-up, an appreciable number of adolescents were educated concerning various forms of topics, suggesting the ability of the adolescent to simulation of target behaviours. Our findings suggest that skills training can effectively empower adolescents with regard to safe sexual practice. IFE Psychologia (2003) 11(2), 34-52

Parental Influence on Adolescent Sexual Initiation Practices in Ibadan, Nigeria

This community-based study was carried out to determine parental role on adolescents' sexual initiation practice in Ibadan, Nigeria. A random sample of 274 adolescents was selected from the community. Information on socio-demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors were collected using a structured close-ended self-administered questionnaire. A total of 40.5% of the adolescents in the sample were sexually experienced. Early exposure to sex education by mothers was found to encourage early sexual initiation ( p < 0.001). Significantly more adolescents (43.2%) who sought sexual information from their peers were sexually experienced compared with 25.2%, 14.4%, and 17.1% of those who sought information from parents, teachers, and other sources such as media, religious centers, etc., respectively ( p = 0.004). Mothers were more involved in sexuality communication with these adolescents than fathers (40.9% vs. 16.8%). The higher the level of education of the parents, the less likely the adolescents were sexually initiated ( p = 0.004). Furthermore, polygamous family background and loss of one or more parents were found to be associated with early sexual initiation practice ( p = 0.008 and 0.009, respectively). The study shows an increased sexual initiation with parental illiteracy, polygamy, and parental deaths among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Knowledge of possible pregnancy at first coitus: a study of in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria.

This paper discusses the reproductive health knowledge of Nigerian in-school adolescents, with special reference to pregnancy occurrence at first coitus. The data were derived from an Association for Reproductive and Family Health (ARFH) survey carried out in four secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria, between August and October 1995. A total of 828 students were interviewed. The results revealed that the majority of sexually active adolescents were not aware of the consequences of their actions. Religious affiliation and number of wives in a male adolescent's family, and religion and marital status of a female adolescent's parents, were found to influence adolescents' knowledge of pregnancy probability at first coitus. This paper confirms earlier findings that the majority of Nigerian adolescents do not know the consequences of sex. Therefore, a clear-cut plan of action is needed to inform sexually active adolescents through an effective sex education programme.

Experience of Sexual Coercion among Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

This study surveyed 1,025 adolescent students and apprentices in Ibadan, Nigeria, to document their sexual behaviour and experience of sexual coercion including verbal threats, unwanted touch, unwanted kiss, assault, deception, drugging, attempted rape, and rape. Sixty five per cent of male and 48% of female apprentices were sexually experienced, compared to 32% of male and 24% of female students. More males than females reported sex with multiple partners and contact with a sex worker while females had exchanged sex for money and gifts. Fifty five per cent of all the subjects had been victims of at least one type of sexual coercion, the commonest being unwanted kiss and touch of breasts (47%). Although both males and females were victims of coercion, females were disproportionately affected--68% of female students and 70% of apprentices had experienced one coercive behaviour, compared to 42% of male students and 40% of apprentices. Female apprentices fared worst, with 19% of them raped. The main perpetrators of the coercion were persons well known to the victims including neighbours, peers and boy/girlfriends. We recommend multiple intervention programs including skills training for young persons, sensitisation workshop for training health workers, and media advocacy for the public to challenge stereotypes that favour sexual coercion of adolescents.

Testicular cancer in children and adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria

Thirty-five testicular neoplasms diagnosed over a twenty-year period in Nigerian children up to the age of twenty years were analyzed. Burkitt lymphoma was the most common cause of testicular neoplasm, while germ cell tumors formed the bulk of non-Burkitt neoplasia (72 per cent). Shortage of testicular germ cell tumors in adult males may account for the over-all low frequency of tumors of the testis in Nigerian Africans.

Ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Ovarian tumors diagnosed at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, in 169 patients less than 20 years of age have been analyzed. The most common tumor involving the ovaries of Nigerian children was Burkitt's lymphoma, which was bilateral in all cases. Germ cell tumors accounted for 67.1% of 76 non-Burkitt's tumors, while tumors of the sex cord stroma were encountered more frequently than epithelial tumors. Epithelial tumors were less frequently diagnosed than in previously reported series, and none was found in 122 patients under 14 years of age. It is suggested that Burkitt's lymphoma may primarily affect the ovaries and that the low frequency of epithelial tumors in Africans may be related to genetic differences in the metabolism of the female sex hormones.

Risk factors for chronic kidney disease among in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) a common noncommunicable diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. Epidemiology of CKD in Sub-Saharan Africa suggests high burden of CKD with early onset. The adolescent age group has been reported to be at increased risk of kidney disease arising from prevalent risky behaviors and obesity. The in-school adolescents constitute a large group of at-risk individuals that are easily accessible for screening. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of kidney CKD and its risk factors among in-school adolescents. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 420 in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Southwest Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria. A pretested questionnaire was administered to the participants selected using multistage clustered sampling technique. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken, urine samples were collected for dipstick urinalysis, while 80 participants provided blood for serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: A total of 420 in-school adolescents participated in the study, the mean age was 14.0 ± 2.3 years and 57.4% were female. The mean body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and median eGFR were 19.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2, 20.8 c ± 3.7 cm, 96.1 (36.6–156) ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. The common risk factors for CKD were herbal consumption (59.2%), abnormal MUAC (47.1%), and truncal obesity (28.3%). Proteinuria, hematuria, and CKD were observed in 10%, 16%, and 21.3% of the participants, respectively. Excess body weight (odds ratio [OR], 5.03), abnormal MUAC (OR, 4.11), hypertension (OR, 2.51), and family history of kidney disease (OR, 1.58) were independently associated with CKD. Conclusions: CKD and its risk factors were common among in-school adolescents and the occurrence of CKD was associated with excess body weight, abnormal MUAC, hypertension, and family history of kidney disease.