Adolescents Research Articles

Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing in Teens with Sexually Transmitted Infections

Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have risen during recent years, especially among adolescents and young adults. As STIs are associated

The effect, safety and compliance of micro-implant anchorage in adolescent orthodontic treatment

Objective To investigate the effect, safety and compliance of micro-implant anchorage in adolescent orthodontic treatment. Methods A total of 50 adolescent patients who underwent orthodontic treatment from March 2017 to March 2019 in the Department of Stomatology, Li Huili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table, with 25 cases in each group.The control group received conventional corrective treatment, and the observation group received micro-implant anchorage therapy.The treatment efficacy, upper incisor dip angle and tooth convexity difference, molar displacement, safety, adverse reactions and compliance were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, etc.between the two groups(all P>0.05). The improvement of the incisor angle difference, tooth crown distance difference and molar displacement difference in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(t=11.328, 20.011, 17.336, all P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions such as soft tissue edema, oral inflammation and discomfort of correction in the observation group (8%) was lower than that in the control group(28%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=10.225, P<0.05). The compliance of patients in the observation group (96%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (80%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=19.316, P<0.05). Conclusion The micro-implant anchorage is effective in the clinical treatment of adolescent orthodontics, with high safety and high patients’ compliance.It is worthy of clinical promotion. Key words: Micro-implant monoclonal antibody; Orthodontics; Adolescent; Oral function; Adverse reaction; Curative effect; Safety; Compliance

Caracterización de la población gestante adolescente atendida en el Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá D.C., Colombia. 2012-2015

Introducción. A pesar de que en Colombia hay una alta prevalencia de embarazos en adolescentes, aún no se han establecido los resultados obstétricos y perinatales adversos en esta población.Objetivo. Caracterizar los desenlaces obstétricos y perinatales de las gestantes adolescentes atendidas en el Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá D.C., Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y transversal realizado mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas de 147 gestantes adolescentes atendidas entre mayo de 2012 y diciembre de 2015 en el Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá D.C.Resultados. El promedio de edad fue 17±1.5 años; 59.8% eran estudiantes (secundaria y educación superior) y 64.6%, solteras. En cuanto a los controles prenatales, 127 (86.4%) los iniciaron tardíamente y 108 (73.5%) tuvieron menos de 4. La frecuencia general de complicaciones obstétricas fue 27.9%, entre las que se destacan los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo (10.2%) y la amenaza de parto pretérmino (8.2%); no se presentaron muertes maternas. Por su parte, las patologías neonatales más comunes fueron ictericia neonatal (4.8%) y síndrome de dificultad respiratoria (3.4%).Conclusiones. Las complicaciones se presentaron con mayor frecuencia en las adolescentes que iniciaron los controles prenatales de forma tardía, por lo que se deben implementar estrategias para garantizar el inicio temprano de estos controles y la adherencia a los mismos. Además, es necesario evaluar el impacto de los programas de planificación familiar en esta población.

Gendered punishment practices performed on female adolescents in their passage through the Uruguayan Juvenile Justice System

This article is based on two research studies conducted on the Uruguayan Juvenile Justice System (UJJS); the first study (2011) examined female adolescent incarceration contexts, and the second one (2016) focused on female adolescents in their passage through a program of non-custodial measures. This research is aimed at understanding gendered punishment practices performed on women who are subjected to judicial measures in the UJJS, in order to give visibility to an issue that is usually silenced, among other reasons because the number of women subjected to these measures is low and due to a hegemonic male model in adolescent offense construction. Following a qualitative methodology research, combined with an ethnographic approach, I discuss the singularities characterizing the passage of female adolescents through the UJJS, by applying two strategies: (re)constructing a lost domesticity and managing bodies and sexualities. El presente artículo surge de dos investigaciones realizadas en el sistema penal juvenil uruguayo (SPJU); la primera (2011) aborda los contextos de privación de libertad de las adolescentes mujeres, la segunda (2016) trabaja con las adolescentes mujeres en su pasaje por un programa de medidas no privativas de libertad. Los objetivos de estas investigaciones buscan conocer las prácticas de castigo generizadas destinadas a las mujeres que cumplen medidas judiciales en el SPJU, de modo de visibilizar una temática que tiende a ser acallada, entre otras cosas por el escaso número de mujeres que transitan por estas medidas y por el modelo hegemónico masculino en las construcciones de la infracción adolescente. A través de una metodología cualitativa de investigación, con enfoque etnográfico discuto las singularidades de los tránsitos de las adolescentes por el SPJU, a través de dos estrategias; la (re)construcción de la domesticidad perdida y la gestión de los cuerpos y las sexualidades.

The psychometric properties of the Adolescent Family Process measure in an Italian sample

Il presente lavoro ha l’obiettivo di tradurre, adattare e validare la versione italiana dell’Adolescent Family Process (AFP), strumento finalizzato a valutare la vicinanza genitoria-le, il supporto, il monitoraggio, la comunicazione, il conflitto e l’approvazione dei pari. Le proprieta psicometriche dell’adattamento dell’AFP sono state indagate attraverso un campione non clinico di emerging adult italiani (n = 349). Le analisi fattoriali confermative hanno resti-tuito soddisfacenti risultati psicometrici, evidenziando come questo strumento possa essere utilizzato anche nel contesto italiano per valutare dimensioni significative che contraddistin-guono la relazione parentale.

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Reference Values in Adolescent and Adult Patients with Congenital Heart Diseases

espanolIntroduccion: La interpretacion de la prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar (PECP) en cardiopatias congenitas representa undesafio, ya que estas constituyen un grupo amplio con diferentes grados de gravedad.Objetivos: Obtener en nuestro centro valores de referencia para las variables medidas mediante la PECP en adolescentes yadultos con cardiopatias congenitas, con el objetivo de poder comparar entre pares los resultados esperados de la PECP segunedad, sexo e igual patologia.Material y Metodos: Se realizaron 799 PECP en 473 pacientes mayores de 17 anos con distintas cardiopatias. Variables estudiadas:VO2 pico (ml/kg/min), % predicho de VO2 pico, duracion en segundos de la prueba (discriminada por sexo), VE/VCO2slope y coeficiente R para el total de las pruebas. Analisis estadistico: media y desvio estandar para cada variable, T test paralas estudiadas por sexo.Resultados: El VO2 pico (ml/kg/min), el % predicho del VO2 pico y la duracion de la prueba disminuyeron conforme aumento lagravedad de la cardiopatia. El % predicho de VO2 pico corrige los valores de VO2 ml/kg/min por edad y sexo, por lo que constituyeun dato mas util para la evaluacion. El coeficiente R mayor que 1,1 indica que los pacientes realizaron una prueba maxima.El VE/VCO2 slope esta aumentado en las cardiopatias graves.Conclusiones: Los valores de referencia de la PECP para las distintas cardiopatias congenitas son fundamentales, pues nospermiten comparar pacientes con igual patologia. El % predicho de VO2 pico parece ser el dato mas util para este fin. EnglishBackground: The interpretation of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in congenital heart diseases represents a challenge,since they constitute a large group of anomalies with different degrees of severity.Objectives: The aim of this study was to obtain reference values of CPET variables in adolescents and adults with congenitalheart diseases in our center, to compare between peers the expected results of CPET according to age, gender and the samepathology.Methods: A total of 799 tests were performed in 473 patients older than 17 years with different congenital heart diseases.Variables studied were peak VO2 (ml/kg/min), percent-predicted peak VO2, test duration in seconds (discriminated by gender),VE/VCO2 slope and R coefficient for all the tests. Statistical analyses were conducted using mean and standard deviation foreach variable and Student’s t test for those studied by gender.Results: Peak VO2 (ml/kg/min), percent-predicted peak VO2, and test duration decreased as the severity of heart diseasesincreased. The percent-predicted peak VO2 corrects VO2 ml/kg/min values for age and sex, so it becomes a more useful variablefor evaluation. An R coefficient greater than 1.1 indicates that patients performed a maximal test. The VE/VCO2 slopeis increased in severe heart diseases.Conclusions: Reference CPET values for the different congenital heart diseases are essential, since they allow us to comparepatients with the same pathology. The percent-predicted peak VO2 seems to be the most useful variable for this purpose.

Perceção de atitudes parentais e problemsa de comportamento nos adolescentes

Introducao: O papel desempenhado pelas atitudes educativas parentais no desenvolvimento e comportamento na adolescencia tem sido amplamente suportado, surgindo um interesse pela sua pesquisa nao so enquanto fator protetor, mas tambem como fator de risco para alguns desvios e problemas de saude mental. A presente investigacao foi concebida com o intuito de analisar a associacao entre as percecoes das atitudes parentais e a manifestacao de problemas de comportamento no adolescente, pretendendo contribuir com subsidios para a melhoria do conhecimento dos profissionais (de saude e em escolas) que trabalham com adolescentes e seus pais. Metodologia: A qualidade das atitudes dos pais foi considerada a partir da intensidade das percecoes do afeto e das praticas parentais, enquanto a esfera comportamental incluiu comportamentos, de natureza internalizada e externalizada, reportados pelos adolescentes sobre as suas proprias acoes e sentimentos. O protocolo de recolha de dados e composto por um questionario de caracterizacao sociodemografica (tendo em consideracao variaveis demograficas como a idade, sexo, localidade de residencia, reprovacoes, coabitacao e nivel socioeconomico), pela adaptacao portuguesa do Youth Self-Report (YSR) e pelo Inventario de Percecoes adolescentes (IPA) adaptado por Fleming em 1997. A amostra incluiu 409 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 19 anos (M = 14.93), de varias escolas e instituicoes dos distritos de Portalegre e de Evora. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem, de um modo geral, que as percecoes positivas dos adolescentes sobre as atitudes parentais se relacionam inversamente com a manifestacao de problemas de comportamento nas suas duas dimensoes, internalizados e externalizados. Foram encontradas diferencas significativas em funcao da idade e do sexo. Conclusoes: Sao referidas implicacoes em termos de intervencao dos profissionais com os adolescentes e principalmente com os seus pais.

Rosai Dorfman Destombes’s Disease about 5 Cases

Rosai Dorfman’s Disease (RDD) Destombes also called sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is a lymphoproliferative pathology usually benign, of unknown etiology, and of low incidence. It is a rare, but well-defined clinicopathological entity, which predominantly affects children and adolescents without distinction of gender or race. It manifests itself generally by bulky cervical lymphadenopathies, most often bilateral, painless, of benign but persistent evolution and a long-term fever associated with a non-specific biological inflammatory syndrome. Extra lymph node locations are described in association with lymph node involvement or isolation. The definitive diagnosis of Rosai Dorfman’s disease is histological, characterized by histiocytic infiltration with emperipolesis essentially of lymphocytes. The etiopathogenesis of the condition remains unclear, based on infectious and immunological hypotheses without clear evidence. The management is not well codified, it combines depending on the case, surgery; corticosteroids; antimetabolites and interferon alpha. Studies devoted to this condition in tropical Africa are rare. We report the clinical and progressive features of 5 observations of Rosai Dorfman’s disease.

A Convergence Study on Difference of Health Behaviors depending on wether Sexual Experiences of Adolescents

A Convergence Study on Difference of Health Behaviors depending on wether Sexual Experiences of Adolescents

Influential Factors for Happiness of Adolescents Who Use Community Child Centers

Influential Factors for Happiness of Adolescents Who Use Community Child Centers

The typical dreams in the life cycle

Most dream content analyses have been carried out on young adult samples, taken as norms, with fewer researches on continuity and discontinuity in the life cycle. A research on dreams in the life cycle (1546 participants, from 8 to 70 years), with the Typical Dreams Questionnaire (Nielsen et al., 2003; Dumel, Nielsen, & Carr, 2012), shows that 55.8% of the dreams reports have one or more typical content, with quite a stable prevalence across ages, with more dreams with a TDQ item in children and in older adults, with the minimum percentage in young adults. Children have more diversity in typical themes than other ages.The most frequent items in children have content related to some threat or some magic topic. “A person now dead as alive” is more frequent in older people, while “A person now alive as dead” in children and preadolescents. “School, teachers and studying” is more frequent in adolescence and “Sexual experiences” in young adults. Adults and older adults dream more often of “Trying something again and again” and “Arriving too late”. Changes in typical dream themes can be related to emotional concerns typical of different phases of the life cycle.

Anesthetic Care During Posterior Spinal Fusion in an Adolescent With Ebstein’s Anomaly

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare form of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) that involves malformation and dysfunction of the tricuspid valve and right ventricle (RV). The severity of the defect impacts clinical presentation, survival, and treatment options. Presentation during the neonatal period with hypoxemia and cyanosis is noted in patients with severe tricuspid valve malformation, a hypoplastic RV, or RV outflow tract obstruction. However, presentation later in infancy is more common when there is a moderate tricuspid valve malformation and no associated RV outflow tract obstruction. Although Ebstein’s anomaly is not generally associated with other congenital defects, patients may occasionally require surgery for other comorbid conditions. We describe the perioperative anesthetic management of an adolescent with Ebstein’s anomaly for posterior spinal fusion. Previous reports of anesthetic care in this clinical scenario are reviewed, anesthetic considerations discussed, and options for intraoperative monitoring and anesthetic care presented. J Med Cases. 2020;11(3):68-72 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc3449

Akran Zorbalığı ve Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Arasındaki İlişkinin Gözden Geçirilmesi

Peer bullying is a crucial phenomenon that increases every year among children and adolescents. In recent years, the increase in the frequency of behaviors related to peer bullying has attracted the attention of the experts; in connec-tion with the number of studies to determine the effects of the bullying on both the bully and victim has increased. However, it is seemed that number of current researches discussing the relationship between bullying and post-traumatic stress disorder is limited. For these reasons, purpose of this literature review was decided to point out the results of bullying within the context of traumatic symptoms.

Trends in U.S. Suicide Deaths in Children and Adolescents

Emergency departments (EDs) in the U.S. saw a doubling of children and adolescents presenting with suicide attempts or ideation from 2007 to 2015.

Psychiatric Patients with Long Stays in a Pediatric Emergency Department: A Closer Look

Children and adolescents requiring psychiatric hospitalization “board” in emergency department (ED) settings for extended periods while they await

OYUN VE RİTM TEMELLİ BASKETBOL ÇALIŞMALARININ KIZ ÇOCUKLARIN KUVVET GELİŞİMİNE ETKİSİ

Bu araştırma, 12 haftalık oyun ve ritim temelli basketbol çalışmalarının kız çocukların kuvvet gelişimlerine etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışma, Kars ili Sarıkamış ilçesinde yaşayan toplam 16 kız çocuğun (yaş 9,0±0,89 yıl, boy 133,8±7,7 cm, vücut ağırlığı 29,9±7,7 kg) gönüllü katılımıyla yapıldı. Olguların kuvvet gelişimlerini belirlemek amacıyla sağ-sol el pençe kuvveti, 30 sn. şınav ve mekik, barfiks, dikey sıçrama, sağ-sol ayak penta jump ve yatay sıçrama testleri kullanıldı. Olguların anaerobik güçleri ise, vücut ağırlığı ve dikey sıçrama değerleri ile formulize edilen lewis nomogramı ile tespit edildi. Araştırma sonunda verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS 24.0 istatistik programı kullanıldı. Verilerin dağılım düzeyleri ‘Kolmogorov Smirnov’ testi ile incelenmesi sonucunda, tüm parametrelerin normal dağılım gösterdikleri tespit edildi. Katılımcıların ön test- son test ölçümler arasındaki farkların anlamlılık düzeyi Paired Samples T-Test kullanılarak p<0,05 değeri referans alındı. Araştırmada; uygulanan 12 haftalık oyun ve ritm temelli basketbol antrenmanları sonucu katılımcıların kuvvet gelişimlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,01). Sonuç olarak, oyun ve ritim faktörleri ile tasarlanan basketbol antrenmanlarının, çocukların kuvvet ile ilgili sportif performanslarını olumlu yönde etkilediği ve kuvvet gelişimlerine katkı sağladığı söylenebilir. Araştırmaya katılan olguların ölçülen tüm kuvvet parametrelerinde pozitif gelişme kaydedildi (p<0,05). Dolayısıyla çocukların, özellikle küçük yaşlardan itibaren basketbol sporuna yönlendirilmesi, fiziksel ve fizyolojik gelişimleri için faydalı olacağı söylenebilir.

Research progress on diabetes-related distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Diabetes patients need lifelong disease self-management, therefore they are with diabetes-related distress. Diabetes-related distress has negative influence on the correct insulin injection, glucose control and disease self-management of type 1 diabetes patients. On the basis of describing the current situation of diabetes-related distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, this paper reviewed the influencing factors, assessment tools, intervention of diabetes related distress so as to provide a basis for study on diabetes related distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Key words: Review; Diabetes mellitus, type 1; Diabetes-related distress; Adolescent

Menopoz sonrası kemik yoğunluğu ile ergenlik döneminde gerçekleşen ilk doğum arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması

Amaç: İlk doğum yaşının postmenopozal kemik yoğunluğu ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek.&#x0D; Gereç ve Yöntem: Rutin yıllık kontrol amacıyla hastanemiz menopoz polikliniğine başvuran ve çalışma koşullarını karşılayan ardışık tüm hastalar bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Her hastanın obstetrik öyküsü ve demografik özellikleri sorgulanarak ilk doğum yaşları kaydedildi. Vertebra ve femur kemik yoğunluğu dual enerji x ışını absorpsiyometri (DEXA) cihazı ile ölçüldü.&#x0D; Bulgular: Çalışmaya adölesan doğum öyküsü olan 36, adölesan doğum öyküsü olmayan 44 olmak üzere toplamda 80 hasta dahil edildi. Gruplar arasında yaş, menopoz süresi, çocuk sayısı, aylık gelir, vücut kitle indeksi, menopoz tipi, mesleki durum, eğitim durumu, ilaç kullanımı, obezite açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p&gt;0,05). İki grup arasında ölçülen Lomber T, Lomber Z, femur T ve femur Z skorları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (p

Interactive Visualization of Data on the Impact of Violent Games on the Behavior of Children and Adolescents: Action Research

Introduction: The purpose of the present study is to graphically and comprehensively illustrate the data on the impact of violent video games on the behavior of children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: This visualization system was designed based on the Schneider principle using the results of a clinical study carried out by psychologists at the Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States that included 242 children aged 8 to 12 years in three groups. All groups played different versions of the Minecraft game, then using data recorded in an Excel file on the Figshare site, four variables were depicted. The variables including finding the gun, length of time the gun was held, the number of trigger pulls, as well as demographic or control characteristics of age and gender of the children were evaluated. Results: Visualization was designed in the Processing software environment and it was easy to compare the three groups using the color, shape, and coordinate channels. Accordingly, it appeared that violent behaviors in children who experienced gun play were greater than those played the sword; both of them showed more violent behaviors compared to the group who played the non-violent version. Violent behaviors were also more prevalent in male children in all three groups. In other words, girls in the 8-12 age group in all three groups were less likely to exhibit post-game aggression. Conclusion: In this study, data on the impact of violent video games on the behavior of children and adolescents were graphically and comprehensibly visualized based on the Schneider Principle and revealed that violent behaviors in children who experienced violent video games were higher than those in the control group. Violent behaviors were also more prevalent in male children in all three groups.

Structural Relationship between Adolescent Athletes’ Positive Thinking, Coping Flexibility, and Burnout

Structural Relationship between Adolescent Athletes’ Positive Thinking, Coping Flexibility, and Burnout