Adolescents Victims Of Domestic Violence Research Articles

Professionals' Perspectives on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic among Child and Adolescent Victims of Domestic Violence Living in the Portuguese Residential Foster Care System.

The COVID-19 pandemic had several negative impacts on child and adolescent victims of domestic violence, especially on those who lived in the residential foster care system. The main goal of the present study was to understand these negative impacts through the perspectives of professionals in Portuguese residential foster care structures using both individual interviews and an online survey. One hundred and three professionals aged between 22 and 64 years (M = 38.39; SD = 8.34) participated in the online survey (86 females and 17 males). Of those, seven professionals, four females and three males aged between 29 and 49 years (M = 38.43, SD = 7.50), were also interviewed. According to the participants, the conditions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic contributed adversely not only to the increase in domestic violence against children and adolescents but also to the aggravation of the conditions children and adolescents living in the Portuguese residential foster care system were exposed to, namely concerning family relationships, access to resources and services, and institutional dynamics. The results suggest the necessity to develop standard procedures to cope with pandemic situations in the residential foster care system.

Caring for children and adolescents victims of domestic violence: A qualitative study.

To explore nurses' perceptions on caring for children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence, medical treatment of a victim of domestic violence and social aspects of recognizing this problem. Nurses are often first to recognize family violence; thus, they must have appropriate knowledge, skills and experience. Caring for child victims of domestic violence can be very stressful and emotional and nurses must have support when caring for them. A qualitative study was conducted between June and August 2020. Interviews were conducted with paediatric nurses in a university hospital in Slovenia. Interviews were transcribed, coded and synthesized. We identified four main categories: violence against children; nurses' perception of caring for a child victim of domestic violence; medical treatment of a child who is a victim of domestic violence; the social aspect of recognizing violence against a child. Domestic violence is present regardless of country, language and nationality. Early interventions should be directed towards recognition of the signs of domestic violence and care for victims of violence and caregivers. It is the responsibility of healthcare systems, hospital managers and nurses themselves to provide nursing care for children and adolescent victims of domestic violence based on the newest and best evidence.

The Social Networks of Adolescent Victims of Domestic Violence and Bullying

Abstract Domestic violence and bullying are public health problems with serious and lasting physical and emotional consequences. This study investigated the perception of the social and affective support network (characterized by the links between the family and school contexts) of adolescents victimized by domestic violence and involved in bullying. Fifteen student participants from a school in the south of Brazil answered to the Five Field Map. Participants were selected using a questionnaire on bullying and a question from the Questionário Juventude Brasileira [Brazilian Youth Questionnaire]. After analyzing the network’s structure and adolescents’ perceptions regarding significant people, results indicated a greater number of positive contacts in the Relatives, Family, and School fields. The most cited support figures were family, friends, and teacher. Adolescents indicated their perpetrators of domestic violence as positive contacts. Understanding significant relationships that predispose adolescents to involvement in bullying contributes to the implementation of appropriate interventions to prevent different expressions of violence.

Konseling Kelompok untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Remaja Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT)

This study aims to determine the effect of group counseling on increasing self-confidence in adolescent victims of domestic violence (domestic violence). The subjects in this study amounted to 5 teenagers consisting of 2 men and 3 women and joined in the 1 experimental group "One Group Pretest-Postes". The data collection tool used was the confidence scale, the data analysis method used was Wilcoxon signed ranks test. The results obtained by the significance value p = 0.042 (p <0.05) then the hypothesis is accepted and can mean that there is influence of group counseling on increasing self-confidence in adolescent victims of domestic violence.               Keywords: Group Counseling, Confidence

Attention Changes and Victimization in a Sample of Adolescents Victims of Domestic Violence

Objective: To report attention changes in a sample of adolescents victims of domestic violence and discuss how this change may be related to an addictive and complex cycle of victimization and abuse. Methods: 78 adolescents went through psychiatric and neuropsychological evaluation. The Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version and the Brazilian version of the Childhood Trauma Questionaire (CTQ) were applied. The neuropsychological assessment was conducted by trained professionals using the Wechsler Children’s Global Assessment Scale, 3rd edition-WlSC III. The sample was divided into 3 groups according to the intensity of the reported maltreatment-obtained by the CTQ score (comparison group, moderate degree of abuse and severe maltreatment). Results: The group that showed moderate maltreatment showed better performance in an attention task compared to the comparison group. At the severe maltreatment group, this difference was not observed. Conclusions: Children and adolescents who are victims of maltreatment are more alert to environmental details that surround them as a form of adaptation to defend themselves against potential threats. However, they could react precipitously with inappropriate behavior in some contexts. This can lead to a favorable environment for new and repeated situations of violence, abuse and a perpetuation of this victimization.

Adolescentes embarazadas víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar en Brasil: consecuencias psicológicas y sociales

Adolescence pregnancy is a complex issue that must be studied, considering the social, economic, family and the psychological aspects of each adolescent. There is more complexity when these adolescents have suffered domestic violence. Domestic violence is a serious public health problem because affects the physical and psychological integrity of the victims. Many women who become pregnant have been victims of some form of domestic violence by their partners along the married life. This paper paper presents data of research as is part of a larger project entitled ´Domestic Violence Study against Adolescents Pregnant Attended at the University Hospital of Sao Paulo: Basis for Intervention´. The objectives are to identify the accumulated incidence and the experience of pregnant adolescents in face of domestic violence, in special he psychosocial vulnerability, understanding and comparing the lived experience on the pregnant adolescents victims and not victims of domestic violence. Forty pregnant adolescents have participated in this study, being 20 victims of domestic violence (Group 1) and 20 non-victims (Group 2) attending the University Hospital of Sao Paulo and another institutions partner of Psychology Institute of USP. This is an exploratory and descriptive research, quantitative and qualitative. The instruments used were: a form to characterize the profile of production and social reproduction, semi-structured interview. The qualitative data analysis was performed according to Bardin proposal (2013). How results were found: In the group 1 drug use during pregnancy, and lack of trust in health professionals. The showed lack of confidence and support of family, partner abandonment and violence, insecurity, low self esteem and hopelessness. In the group 2 were found: high self-esteem; confidence and family support; security in the relationship with the partner; good prospects for the future; some unfavorable aspects were found in group 2 that were related to the fragility and vulnerability of pregnancy, as well as the inherent immaturity to the period of adolescence. This study deepened knowledge about the reality of this population, as well as contributed to the debate on the needs of pregnant adolescents victims of domestic violence. Therefore, it was observed that the group of higher risk and psychological vulnerability is that of pregnant adolescents victims of domestic violence and requires greater attention and availability of health professionals.

Social support from the perspective of adolescent victims of domestic violence

Assess the understanding of adolescents regarding the social support received in situations of domestic violence. A qualitative study with data collection carried out through focus groups with 17 adolescent victims of domestic violence, institutionally welcomed in Campinas-SP, and through semi-structured interviews with seven of these adolescents. Information was analyzed by content analysis, thematic modality. Observing the thematic categories it was found that social support for the subjects came from the extended family, the community, the Guardianship Council, the interpersonal relationships established at the user embracement institution and from the religiosity/spirituality. The mentioned sources of support deserve to be enhanced and expanded. With the current complexity of the morbidity and mortality profiles, especially in children and adolescents, the (re)signification and the (re)construction of health actions is imperative.

Institutional shelter to protect adolescent victims of domestic violence: theory or practice?

To understand and analyze, from the perspective of adolescent victims of domestic violence who were cared for in an institution in Campinas-SP, the protective factors to which they are submitted and / or have access. This was qualitative research, with data collection occurring through focus groups with 17 adolescents, and semistructured interviews with seven of them; the data analysis was based on content analysis, using a thematic modality. Two themes emerged, entitled Four Walls and Trust. We discuss the context of institutional care, that despite the efforts made contemporaneously, still maintains an authoritarian environment; the importance of the bond and trust established with some employees, acting as protective factors for the adolescents and the protective aspect of religiosity. It is understood that these considerations should be valued and reinforced through the healthcare services provided to children and adolescents, as they contribute to the promotion of the physical and mental health of this population.

Domestic violence against children and adolescents: a challenge

To study children and adolescents victims of domestic violence treated at the Referenced Pediatric Emergency Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas and its specialized outpatient clinic between January 2003 and December 2007, emphasizing sexual abuse. The variables gender, age, origin, and classification were studied. For victims of sexual abuse, the following variables were also studied: type of abuse (rape), location (domestic/urban), duration (acute/chronic), perpetrator (known, incestuous), alterations at medical examination, notification to child protection agencies, and antiretroviral medication and serology (HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C). Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of abuse and type of perpertrator and they were associated with gender, age, and duration. For the comparison, chi-squared or Fisher's exact test were performed (significance p < 0.05), as well as raw prevalence odds ratio. Of the total cases of abuse (551), neglect (33.9%) and sexual abuse (31.9%) predominated; the victims were female in 55.9% of the cases, and 50% were up to 5 years of age. Of the sexual abuse cases (95), 80% were female, and 58.9% were between 5 and 10 years of age. Rape was observed in 39% and indecent assault in 59.6%; 72.6% occurred in the domestic area, 81.1% by known perpetrator; 31.6% were incestuous, 47.4% were chronic, and 76.5% had no clinical alterations. 81.1% were referred to child protection agencies. Antiretroviral medication was prescribed to 49.1% of patients, and serological tests (HIV in 46 [48.4%], syphilis in 42 [44.2%], hepatitis B in 44 [46.3%] and hepatitis C in 45 [47.4%]%), all of which were negative, were more frequent in rape victims (p = 0.00). There was an association between rape and age (10 and 15 years, p = 0.01) and between incestuous perpetrator and chronic duration (p = 0.01). Although this study does not reflect reality, it can be used as a warning to pediatricians.

Violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes: um desafio

Estudar crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência doméstica da Unidade de Emergência Referenciada Pediátrica (UERP) do Hospital das Clínicas (HC) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) e ambulatório especializado, entre janeiro de 2003 e dezembro de 2007, enfatizando o abuso sexual. Analisou-se: gênero, idade, procedência e classificação. Para as vítimas de abuso sexual estudou-se: tipo de abuso (estupro), local (doméstico/urbano), duração (aguda/crônica), autor (conhecido; incestuoso), alterações no exame médico, notificação ao conselho tutelar, medicação antirretroviral e sorologias (HIV, Lues, hepatite B e C). Dividiu-se em dois grupos com relação ao tipo de abuso e ao autor e associou-se a gênero, idade e duração. Para a comparação calculou-se o Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher (significância p < 0,05) e a razão de chance prevalente bruta. Do total (551), predominou a negligência (33,9%) e abuso sexual (31,9%), sendo 55,9% nas meninas e 50% até 5 anos. Do abuso sexual (95), 80% eram meninas e 58,9% entre 5-10 anos. Observou-se estupro entre 39% e atentado ao pudor em 59,6%; 72,6% foram em área doméstica, 81,1% por autor conhecido, 31,6% por relação incestuosa, 47,4% crônica e 76,5% sem alteração clínicas, sendo 81,1% encaminhados ao conselho tutelar. Medicação antirretroviral foi indicada para 49,1% dos pacientes, e sorologias: HIV em 46 (48,4%), Lues em 42 (44,2%), hepatite B em 44 (46,3%) e hepatite C em 45 (47,4%), todas negativas, mais frequente nas vítimas de estupro (p = 0,00). Ocorreu associação entre estupro e idade (10 e 15 anos p = 0,01) e autor incestuoso e duração crônica (p = 0,01). Apesar de não refletir a realidade, serve como alerta aos pediatras. To study children and adolescents victims of domestic violence treated at the Referenced Pediatric Emergency Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas and its specialized outpatient clinic between January 2003 and December 2007, emphasizing sexual abuse. The variables gender, age, origin, and classification were studied. For victims of sexual abuse, the following variables were also studied: type of abuse (rape), location (domestic/urban), duration (acute/chronic), perpetrator (known, incestuous), alterations at medical examination, notification to child protection agencies, and antiretroviral medication and serology (HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C). Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of abuse and type of perpertrator and they were associated with gender, age, and duration. For the comparison, chi-squared or Fisher's exact test were performed (significance p < 0.05), as well as raw prevalence odds ratio. Of the total cases of abuse (551), neglect (33.9%) and sexual abuse (31.9%) predominated; the victims were female in 55.9% of the cases, and 50% were up to 5 years of age. Of the sexual abuse cases (95), 80% were female, and 58.9% were between 5 and 10 years of age. Rape was observed in 39% and indecent assault in 59.6%; 72.6% occurred in the domestic area, 81.1% by known perpetrator; 31.6% were incestuous, 47.4% were chronic, and 76.5% had no clinical alterations. 81.1% were referred to child protection agencies. Antiretroviral medication was prescribed to 49.1% of patients, and serological tests (HIV in 46 [48.4%], syphilis in 42 [44.2%], hepatitis B in 44 [46.3%] and hepatitis C in 45 [47.4%]%), all of which were negative, were more frequent in rape victims (p = 0.00). There was an association between rape and age (10 and 15 years, p = 0.01) and between incestuous perpetrator and chronic duration (p = 0.01). Although this study does not reflect reality, it can be used as a warning to pediatricians.

Violência doméstica infantil: abordagem da enfermagem

This study aims to deepen the discussion about domestic violence against children and adolescents. This is a systematic review of literature from the perspective of characterizing the production of knowledge and identify the factors of vulnerability to abuse from children and know what are the strategies employed by nurses in Nursing consultation to family under situation of child abuse. Through the literature, we found that children and adolescent girls are submitted to situations of violence more frequently when compared to males; they still have a higher risk for infanticide, sexual abuse, physical and nutritional violence, and negligence as well as for forced prostitution. The national literature failed to identify the strategies used by nurses when consulting the family of the child and adolescent victims of domestic violence by the absence of publications on this subject, according to the methodology used in this study.

Vivências no espaço escolar de adolescentes vítimas de violência doméstica em acolhimento institucional

Considering the difficulties of having institutionalized adolescents victims of domestic violence included in the school system, the objective of this study was to know and describe this population`s experiences in the referred scenario. This is a qualitative research, with data collected through semi-structured interviews and data analysis based on the content analysis. In the first theme group named Prejudice , it was evidenced that for the subjects of the study prejudice comes in various and different types. In the second theme group named Exclusion , it was noticed that, there are several problems with this population at the school which culminated in social exclusion. The school should, together with other institutions, give some social and affective support, in order to provide resources for these children and adolescents to cope with the negative events in their lives and to be an effective protection factor.

Care provided by nurses to children and adolescents victims of domestic violence: a qualitative research

This research aimed to understand care provided by nurses to children and adolescents, victims of domestic violence. The project has been assessed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Catarina and the regulation of research with humans was observed. The research was conducted under the qualitative understanding mode of interpretative comprehensive type, based on symbolic interactionism, the data were collected in semi-structured interviews, with 11 nurses working in public health services, hospitals and organs of protection for children and adolescents. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and systematized to avoid the identification of the nurses. The analysis of the results were performed using as reference the theoretical loving care and the concept of domestic violence. The results showed that to recognize the phenomenon is the first action of nurses care. Showed though that to welcome and solidarize with the victims and other people involved, are attitudes of compromise which can help to prevent further attacks and to support the discovery of new ways to live. Care also needs to be done by the nurse, with interdisciplinary support.

Public care policies for child and adolescent victims of domestic violence

This is a qualitative study that aimed to know and analyze the social representations of social workers regarding the assistance to the child and adolescent, victims of domestic violence. The data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The data analysis was based on the hermeneutic-dialectic perspective. The empirical categories that emerged from the subjects' representations were: "lack of policy", "do not support because have not received support", and "social assistance" whereas the political economic aspect was highlighted as determinant of violence; the cultural aspects, perpetuating a cycle of violence in the families. An important step must be taken is the formulation of public policies directed to all children and adolescents and not policies of exception, directed only to those who are in situation of "social and personal risk".