Adolescent School Students Research Articles

Cumulative risk and school bullying experiences: Effects of moral disengagement and gender

We examined the mediation effect of moral disengagement in the association between children’s cumulative risk and high experience of school bullying. Additionally, we determined whether this mediating process was moderated by gender. A sample of 509 Chinese adolescent school students (female = 39.50%; mean age = 13.02 years, SD = 0.86 years) completed the measures of cumulative risk (parent-child relationship, friend support, and school connectedness), moral disengagement, and school bullying. Path analysis results revealed that the association between cumulative risk and high school bullying was mediated by moral disengagement. Moreover, the mediating effect of moral disengagement was moderated by gender, with the effect being stronger for boys. The findings are consistent with the model of “environmental factors→moral disengagement→aggressive behavior” hypothesis.

Factors affecting perception of Indian adolescent students toward interactive online mental health information during COVID-19

PurposeThis study aims to identify the critical factors affecting the perception of adolescent students toward interactive online mental health information available on health-related websites.Design/methodology/approachThe primary data was collected with the help of an online self–structured questionnaire. The questionnaire includes the identified variables extracted from previous literature related to the mental health information websites using the Likert scale. The respondents include the adolescent school students belonging to the northern region of India: semi-urban/rural locations of Uttar Pradesh (Agra and Mathura) and urban cities (Faridabad, Gaziabad, Delhi and NCR). The criteria for selecting respondents were that students must have visited any online health information-related websites at least once. Exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the factors with the help of SPSS.20.FindingsThe identified factors that include information delivery medium/mode, websites’ navigation structure, customized information or content, ability to form a virtual relationship and supplementary features of the websites may benefit the health communication system of any country and the health-care industry.Research limitations/implicationsThere are some limitations such as a limited number of respondents and even on that sample was taken for teenagers; thereby creating fewer generalizations related to the present context. Further, only exploratory factor analysis is applied in the study to identify the factors but future researchers may proceed to develop the conceptual model of perception toward online information with the help of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques.Practical implicationsThe results of this study are useful for government officials especially those related to the ministry of health care and public health organizations of various countries, who usually invest in co-designing authentic, reliable and high interactive online information-sharing websites.Social implicationsThe results of the study will facilitate the various social child welfare associations and non-governmental organizations that are usually involved in the holistic development of adolescents. The identified factors can be seriously taken into considerations by these associations while they are formulating any on line websites for sharing health-related information to adolescents.Originality/valueThe study is unique as it provides insight into the opinion of the adolescent students, primarily upon encountering the online mental health information concerning the Indian perspective. Future researchers, health-care policymakers and health-care professionals may use the study to capture a complete picture of a relevant phenomenon in their work.

A dual process model to predict adolescents’ screen time and physical activity

Objective Many adolescents report a lack of physical activity (PA) and excess screen time (ST). Psychological theories aiming to understand these behaviours typically focus on predictors of only one behaviour. Yet, behaviour enactment is often a choice between options. This study sought to examine predictors of PA and ST in a single model. Variables were drawn from dual process models, which portray behaviour as the outcome of deliberative and automatic processes. Design 411 Finnish vocational school students (age 17–19) completed a survey, comprising variables from the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) and automaticity pertaining to PA and ST, and self-reported PA and ST four weeks later. Main outcome measures Self-reported time spent on PA and ST and their predictors. Results PA and ST correlated negatively (r = −.17, p = .03). Structural equation modelling revealed that intentions and habit for PA predicted PA while ST was predicted by intentions and habit for ST and negatively by PA intentions. RAA-cognitions predicted intentions. Conclusion PA and ST and their psychological predictors seem to be weakly interlinked. Future studies should assess more behaviours and related psychological influences to get a better picture of connections between different behaviours. Highlights Physical activity and screen time are largely mutually exclusive classes of behaviours and might therefore be related in terms of their psychological predictors. 411 adolescent vocational school students self-reported variables from the Reasoned Action Approach and behavioural automaticity related to physical activity and leisure time screen time behaviours as well as those behaviours. Structural equation modelling revealed expected within-behaviour predictions but, against expectations, no strong connections between the two behaviour classes in terms of their predictors. Only intentions to engage in physical activity negatively predicted screen time. Future research should aim to measure a wider range of mutually exclusive classes of behaviours that cover a large share of the day to uncover relations between behaviours and their respective predictors.

Psychosocial Problems among the Adolescent School Students of Dhulikhel Municipality

Background Adolescence is a period when an individual experiences a variety of biological, psychological and social changes. These multiple changes during the developmental period can make the adolescents vulnerable to mental health problems. Therefore early detection of psychosocial problems and addressing the need of the adolescents are crucial for promoting their mental health.
 Objective To assess psychosocial problems and its associated factors among school going adolescents of Dhulikhel, Nepal.
 Method A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 513 adolescents studying in grade 8 to 12 of randomly selected schools of Dhulikhel Municipality. Data were collected by using structured questionnaire and Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth Report (Y-PSC). Descriptive and inferential analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.
 Result Out of 513 adolescent students, a total of 133(25.9%) of the adolescents were found to have psychosocial problems. There was significant association between psychosocial problems and respondents’ variables like age, grade, parental education status, respondents’ living status, perceived family disputes, perceived marital problems of parents, relationship problem with family, stress of failure in study, punishment faced in home and school, experienced sexual harassment and death of loved ones.
 Conclusion Various family related factors and stressful life events of adolescents are associated with the psychosocial problems. Hence early intervention focusing on awareness and modification of stressful life events is required.

El uso de una página web como alternativa para el tratamiento del abuso de alcohol en adolescentes: un estudio de caso único

Introduction: the usage of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to treat psychological problems such as addictions, is a recent issue that has allowed the recognition that the use of this type of tools is effective towards the problem they claim to solve, in a similar way as traditional therapy treatments do. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of the Brief Intervention Program for Adolescents who Abuse Drugs (PIBA) and the Brief Advice in the Web Page modality regarding the barriers in the implementation of drug abuse treatments by the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: we started from a A-B-A single-case design with high school adolescent students who reported abusive use and associated consequences. The study consisted of four stages 1) evaluation, 2) admission, 3) PIBA or Brief Advice and 4) follow-up. Results: the results obtained showed a decrease in the pattern of alcohol consumption and an increase in self-efficacy to control consumption in various risk situations. Discussion and conclusions: the program provided the necessary tools for adolescents to maintain their consumption goal.

Bullying Among Early Adolescent Egyptian School Students

Bullying Among Early Adolescent Egyptian School Students

Causative Factors of Substance Abuse Among Adolescent Secondary School Students in Aba: Counselling Implications

Causative Factors of Substance Abuse Among Adolescent Secondary School Students in Aba: Counselling Implications

Intereses vocacionales y aptitudes cognitivas para el aprendizaje en escolares adolescentes

In order to establish the relationship between vocational interests and cognitive aptitudes for learning in adolescent school students, and to establish correlations within each variable and perform comparisons according to gender, a sample of 61 third year high school students from a private school from Lima, Peru (27 men and 34 women, aged between 14 and 15 years) were evaluated with the Talento 3 Test (based on Holland’s theory, RIASEC) and four subtests of BADyG-M (chosen to evaluate Attention/Discrimination, Auditory Memory, Spatial Orientation, Logical Reasoning). The results indicate significant correlations that demonstrate the autonomy of vocational interests of Holland’s theory, and also support Hogan’s model; comparisons between genders indicate averages significantly higher in men in the Entrepreneur and Conventional interests, whereas women’s averages in Artistic and Social was higher. In cognitive aptitude for learning highly significant correlations between Attention/Discrimination, Spatial Orientation and Logical Reasoning were found, suggesting the presence of a general factor, noted by the theories of the structure of intelligence; no differences between genders for any of the aptitudes were found. Finally, to link the two variables, an inverse association between aptitude Attention/Discrimination and Artistic interest, and a direct association between the Entrepreneur interest and aptitudes Attention/Discrimination and Spatial Orientation were found. The importance of these data for career advice and educational guidance is highlighted.

Association between depression, anxiety, and stress with sleep quality in Indonesian people during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: To prevent the spread of COVID-19, authorities implemented health protocols such as quarantine, large-scale social restrictions, and lockdowns. Data on the psychological effects and sleep quality as a result of these health protocols are still limited.Objective: This study was aimed to determine the association between depression, anxiety, and stress with sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.Methods: An online survey was used to do a cross-sectional study among students in Indonesia. Sociodemographic information, including age, gender, religion, level of education, and regions, was analyzed. Levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the DASS-21 questionnaire. Sleep quality was determined using Pittsburgh Sleeping Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Chi-square was used to evaluate the variables for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis.Results: A total of 913 participants from across Indonesia included to this study. Adolescent (OR=0.367, 95% CI=0.199-0.679), female (OR=1.437, 95% CI=1.095-1.886), and high school students (OR= 0.737, 95% CI=0.544-0.999) had a higher risk for having poor sleep quality. In the multivariate analysis there were significant relationship between sleep quality with depression (Adjusted OR= 1.887, 95% CI=1.330-2.679), anxiety (Adjusted OR=1.731, 95% CI=1.221-2.455), stress (Adjusted OR= 2.577, 95% CI=1.617-4.107), use of sleeping medication (Adjusted OR=9.070, 95% CI=2.062-39.896) and age (Adjusted OR= 0.414, 95% CI= 0.205-0.837).Conclusion: There was an association between depression, anxiety, stress, consumption of sleeping medication, age, and poor sleep quality during the pandemic in Indonesia.

Adolescents\u2019 nutritional status and its association with academic performance in South Ethiopia; a facility-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundAdolescence is a particularly vulnerable stages of life in which malnutrition inhibits academic performance through poor growth and development, mental retardation, poor overall cognitive function and poor health status. However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the association between nutritional status and academic performance among adolescent students. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of nutritional status and academic performance among adolescent secondary school students in Wolaita Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 670 systematically selected adolescents in secondary schools of Wolaita Sodo town from April to June 2019. The academic performance of the adolescents was measured using the mean mark score of two consecutive semesters’ results of all subjects. Data were analyzed using Stata software Version 15. Descriptive statistics, binary and multiple linear regression analysis were done. Statistical association of dependent and independent variables was declared at p-value < 0.05.ResultsThe mean academic performance of students was 69.21 ± 0.42 (95% CI: 68.34–70.02%). A mean mark score of students increased by 1.89 (β = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.14, 2.64) for a unit increase in BMI for age z-score. Being female decreased a mean mark score by 2.63 (β = − 2.63; 95%CI: − 4.28, − 0.98) and being from a separated parents decreased by 4.73 (β = − 4. 73; 95%CI: − 6.73, − 2.74). A mean mark score of students from the first wealth class decreased by 9.92 (− 9.92; 95%CI: − 12.79, − 7.04) as compared to students from the highest wealth class. Attending private schools increased the mean mark score of students by 4.18 (β = 4.18; 95% CI: 2.46, 5.90).ConclusionsInterventions targeted at adolescents’ nutritional status should be designed and implemented. The town education office and concerned bodies should launch a school feeding program for public schools. Development and income generation activities should target households in the first wealth status. Schools are recommended to design additional teaching and learning schemes such as tutorial classes for girl students.

Assessment of status of psychological well-being and its determinants among adolescent school students residing in Raipur city, Chhattisgarh

Background: Psychological well-being is a multidimensional concept, including both individual capacities of the adolescents and social competencies. Good overall adjustment and a sense of psychological well-being are very crucial factors for the adolescent’s positive contribution to the society. The objective of this study was to assess the status of psychological well-being and its socio-demographic determinants among adolescent school students of Raipur city.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done on 576 adolescent school students of Raipur city to assess their psychological well-being using Ryff’s scale of psychological well-being along with their socio-demographic characteristics. Association and regression analysis were done.Results: Overall, 79.9% of study subjects were scored as having average psychological well-being followed by 20.1% study subjects having good psychological well-being according to Ryff’s scale. Study subjects with female gender, studying in english medium, private school, following non-state board syllabus, belonging to unreserved category, having educated father or mother, working father or mother, at least one parent working at distant place, residing in joint family whose parents are living together, who gets attended by someone after returning from school are having higher psychological well-being than the other group.Conclusions: Socio-demographic determinants has a significant role to predict the psychological well-being of the study subjects. These determinants are mostly non modifiable displaying the need for integrating key behavioural factors on positive health promotion policies and programs.

Estimated Effects of Web-Based Course from Adult Vocational Students’ Perspective—A PFA Course in Scandinavian Intellectual Disability Practice

In Scandinavia, the field of intellectual disability (ID) practice lacks specific course, professional training, theoretical foundation, guidelines, and practice consensus. However, Pedagogiskt Förhållnings-och Arbetsätt (PFA model) has the potential to offer a pedagogical attitude and a way of working within ID practice. PFA was developed in the context of Swedish ID practice and has attracted national and European interest. Most staff working in ID practice in Scandinavia are educated to upper secondary school (adolescent students) level or vocational course (adult students) level. In the present pilot study, we examined the effects of providing a web-based PFA course as a complement to the Swedish national curriculum. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effects of self-assessed knowledge and learning using a web-based PFA course intervention on an adult vocational course. The study involved a quantitative intervention approach involving two equivalent groups in an experimental design: an experimental group (n = 12) and a comparison group (n = 46). These groups were administered a pre-test and a post-test questionnaire that estimated their knowledge of the course through self-reporting tests. The findings provide empirical evidence of the informed and sustained use of knowledge building through complementary web-based PFA courses.

Magnitude of Overweight and Obesity and Associated Factors Among Public and Private Secondary School Adolescent Students in Mekelle City, Tigray Region, Ethiopia, 2019: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundOverweight and obesity emerged as one of the most serious public health concerns in adolescents. Overweight and obesity are problems of not only high income but also low-middle income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of overweight and obesity among public and private secondary school adolescents in Mekelle city, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019.Materials and MethodsA school-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Mekelle city, from April to May 2019. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 858 participants. Chi-square test was checked before bivariate logistic regression analyses. All variables at a p-value <0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were entered into a multivariable logistic regression to determine the association between a set of independent variables with the dependent variable. Finally, statistical significance was declared at a p-value <0.05.ResultsThe magnitude of overweight and obesity in private and public schools were 11.8% and 3.9%, respectively. Consuming dinner not daily [AOR=5.3:95% CI=1.93–14.6] and working moderate-intensity sports at least 10 minutes/day continuously [AOR=0.19:95% CI=0.04–0.9] were associated factors of overweight and obesity in public school adolescent students. Being female [AOR=2.03:95% CI=1.08–3.8], time taken from home to public physical activities ≤15 minutes [AOR=3.6:95% CI=1.13–11.51], using transport from school to home [AOR=2.2:95% CI=1.06–4.18] and good knowledgeable adolescents [AOR=0.5:95% CI=0.27–0.9] were associated factors of overweight and obesity in private schools.ConclusionThe magnitude of overweight and obesity was higher among private schools. Consuming dinner not daily and working moderate-intensity sports at least 10 minutes/day continuously were the associated factors for the occurrence of overweight and obesity in public school adolescent students. Being female, time taken from home to public physical activity facilities ≤15 minutes, using transport from school to home, and nutritional knowledge status of adolescents were associated factors for overweight and obesity in private school adolescent students.

Effectiveness of Educational Video Media to Increased Knowledge and Attitude in Knowing the Dangers of HIV/AIDS Disease In Adolescent Students Junior High School 2 Kupang City In 2020

Abstract. Teenagers are the most vulnerable group physically and psychologically to HIV / AIDS infection, so teenagers become the focus of all strategies to combat the spread of HIV / AIDS virus, many educational media that can be used to provide information about the dangers and prevention of HIV / AIDS, one of which is video media. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of educational video media on the knowledge and attitude of students in knowing HIV / AIDS. This research was conducted with 3 research processes namely the Preparation stage, research data retrieval stage, and final research stage and this research using univariate and bivariate analysis where univariate analysis to find out the distribution and frequency of dependent variables (increased knowledge and attitude) and independent (educational video media) while the bivariate test used is paired t-test (Paired-sample t-test). The results of this study showed that educational video media is effective in increasing the knowledge and attitude of students in knowing the dangers of HIV / AIDS with a significance value of ρ = 0.00 or less (&lt;) value of α 0.05. Video media can be used as one of the media informing about the dangers of HIV / AIDS in adolescent junior high school students.

Social emotional model for coping with learning among adolescent secondary school students

Social emotions are frequently experienced in every individual in the daily life including adolescents’ secondary school students. The mult-social emotional changes such as aggressive and happiness among adolescents influences students coping with learning at school. The purpose of this study was to develop social emotional model for coping with learning among adolescent secondary school students. Specifically the study attempted to answer the extent social emotional model is effective in improving students coping with learning. The study adapted collaborative action research design in which a total of 244 adolescent secondary school students responded to questionnaires and focus group discussion. The effectiveness of the developed social emotional model for student coping with learning was reported by students through the questionnaires. It was found that the aspects incorporated in the model improved practices in learning outcomes to both teachers and students in coping with learning. It was found that, Teachers used guidance and counseling, action oriented activities such as role play, encouraging play and exploration as the strategies to foster active engagement among adolescent secondary school students towards learning adjustment. Furthermore, the study revealed positive significant because the data in the model summary shows that the value of r=.351 indicates that one item for adolescent secondary school students coping with learning increased for about 35.1% with 77.5% standard error of the estimated predictor value. Although this study was conducted in Tanzania employing moderate sample size from which the data was gathered with the help of collaboration action research design. The findings provide guidelines for further replicate research on social emotion behaviours and academic performance in education elsewhere.

NEED ASSESSMENT COUNSELING FOR SCHOOL ADOLESCENT STUDENTS

The youth in the 21st century are facing numerous issues that may affect their ability to do well and properly in school. Every student has strong needs and desires to reach some set goals but in this competitive era, their life is being complicated day by day and vastly affected by various mental health problems in schools, and many other educational, vocational, social, emotional, and behavioral problems among them in our country. One of the reasons for these problems is lack of guidance and counseling services in our schools. According to Şahin Kesici, “a student whose personal guidance and counseling need is satisfied can; establish harmonious relationship with friends and parents, knows his/herself, improve problem solving and communication skills. Besides, s/he can improve social skills, cope with test anxiety and make effective decisions” (Kesici, 2007, p. 1327). On the other hand, when the needs are not met, and a student’s functioning in school suffers for an extended period, the student may break away from school completely (DeSocio &amp; Hootman, 2004). To overcome negative psychological aspects which affect the student’s life, the present research paper is an attempt to identify need assessment counseling for school adolescent students. Need assessment questionnaire (NAQ) constructed and developed by Dogar, Azeem, Majoka, Mehmood, and Latif (2011) which included different areas, i.e. educational, vocational, social, emotional and behavioral needs of students counseling was administered to a sample of 168 (84 male and 84 female) adolescent students of 10th class. The results of the present study indicated that the main effect of gender (male and female) branch of study (science and social science) and the interaction effect between branch of study (science and social sciences) and gender (male and female) were found significant on overall counseling needs. Whereas gender and branch (stream) of study differences were not found in the counseling domains (educational, vocational, social, emotional, and behavioral) areas of counseling needs.

Perceived Stress among Adolescent School Students in Hubli: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Psychological morbidity in children and adolescents is high. The present study was done to assess the level of perceived stress and psychological morbidities among secondary school students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 311 adolescent students in 9th and 10th classes of two government and two private schools in Hubli city, Karnataka. A validated and culturally adapted version of the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and perceived stress scale (PSS-10) was administered with Cronbach's alpha of 0.74. coGuide software was used for analysis. Results: Out of 311 students, 159 (51.13%) were males; 50.5% were from government schools, 72.3% were from 10th class while 27.7% were from 9th class. On assessment by PSS-10 scale, 11.9% had low stress, 63.7% had average stress, and 24.4% were highly stressed. According to GHQ scale, 43.4% had evidence of distress while 50.2% had severe psychological distress. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of stress among school students. It calls for regular assessment by trained psychologists. Integration of mental health services with school health services is the need of the hour.

Social challenges of adolescent secondary school students in Ghana: evidence from Cape Coast schools

ABSTRACT The study investigated the social challenges of adolescents in secondary schools in Ghana. A cross-sectional survey design was employed. Data were collected from 376 students from five public senior high schools within Cape Coast Metropolis via a multistage sampling procedure. The data were analysed using means, independent samples t-test and multiple linear regression. The results revealed that the most prevailing social challenges students experience are feeling of rejection by friends, fear or concern about the future, and feeling of not being attracted to the opposite sex. This study provides preliminary understanding into a group of adolescent students that are more susceptible to social challenges. Female adolescent, early adolescent, students without residence on campus and students in their final year of study are more likely to experience social challenges than other groups. Moreover, the study revealed that students prefer seeking help from teachers and parents rather than school counsellors.

Body Image Perception as a Predictor of Self-Esteem among High School Adolescent Students: A Study in Ghion Secondary School, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

The main target of this research article was to know whether body image perception predicts self-esteem of high school adolescent students. To realize this linear regression analysis was computed. Apart from this, the article tried to assess the status of adolescent’s body image perception and self-esteem via one samples t-test. Finally, the study identified sex differences among adolescent male and female students regarding body image perception and self-esteem by employing independent samples t-test. Participants of the study were 94 (male= 47 and female= 47) selected through stratified simple random sampling technique. According to results of the study, adolescent students had higher level of body image perception and self- esteem. On the other hand, finding of the study indicated that body image perception predicted self-esteem of adolescent students. Regarding sex disparity on body image perception and self-esteem among male and female adolescent students, there was no significant distinction between the two sex groups.

School-based dietary intervention to promote healthy eating habits and physical activity among adolescence in rural area

Background: Obesity and overweight are among the fastest growing health issues for children and adolescents, creating health problems later in life and producing an economic burden on the health systems. Unhealthy dietary habits and lifestyle among adolescents is considered as a risk factor for nutrition-related diseases in adulthood. Educational intervention for change in the behavioral for school adolescents can help to develop a better understanding and consumption of the proper food. Aim: To examine the effectiveness of school-based dietary intervention on healthy eating habits and physical activity among adolescences in a rural area. Design:A quasi experimental (pre/post-test) design was used. Setting:The study was conducted at Tala City and Zenara Village at Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Sample: A convenience sample of 347 secondary school adolescent students was selected. The selected schools were located in the rural areas of Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Tools: Semi-structured Demographic Sheet; The Diet Self Efficacy Scale and Healthy Eating Active Living Youth Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of the participants’ dietary self-efficacy post intervention. While, there was no statistically significant difference in the participants’ body mass index and healthy eating habits and physical efficiency post intervention compared to pre intervention. Recommendations: The school authorities and government should pay more attention toward regulating food availability in schools, restricting access to sugary soft drinks and provide the needed actions against the consumption of such foods in schools and increasing the availability of healthy alternatives such as fresh fruit and vegetable options and involving parents in the school-based interventions to help adolescents improve their diet quality.