Adolescent Reproductive Health Education Research Articles

Comparative analysis of social media-based interventions for adolescent reproductive health education.

Comparative analysis of social media-based interventions for adolescent reproductive health education.

Level of menarche anxiety before and after adolescent reproductive health education in SDN 19 Lahat Students

Women experience menstruation at different ages which makes it difficult for young girls to explain what is happening to their bodies. The lack of information they get from them makes them unprepared and unable to manage their menstruation properly. Thus, teenage girls have feelings of fear, anxiety, discomfort which are signs of anxiety. Anxiety can be reduced by providing interventions in the form of adequate reproductive health education to female students before menarche through video media, presentations, discussions and questions and answers. The experimental approach will be used in this study, with a pre-experimental design and a pretest and posttest one group design. Because the study was conducted on variables for which data did not yet exist, it was necessary to modify the process by administering certain treatments to the research subjects, which were then observed/measured. From 38 respondents, before the intervention, it was known that 22 respondents (58%) were known not to be anxious, 4 respondents (11%) experienced mild anxiety, 7 respondents (18%) experienced moderate anxiety, 5 respondents (13%) experienced anxiety severe and there were no respondents with very severe anxiety. Folowing the health education interventin, it was discovered that 25 respondents (66%) did not experience anxiety, 6 respondents (16%) experienced mild anxiety, 4 respondents (11%) experienced moderate anxiety, 3 respondents (8%) experienced severe anxiety and did not There were respondents with very severe levels of anxiety. There is a significant difference in the level of anxiety facing menarche before and after being given reproductive health education to SD Negeri 19 Lahat students.

Applying ADDIE Model to Develop Multimedia Lessons for Adolescent Reproductive Health Education in Uganda

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a multimedia application intervention for adolescent sexual reproductive health education in secondary schools in Uganda. The lack of access to quality reproductive health education and services, exacerbated by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, contributes to unplanned pregnancies, health complications, and sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) among adolescents in Uganda. Researchers and teachers collaborated to create multimedia lessons covering topics such as sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and SGBV for adolescents in participating schools. The educational content and format were co-designed to better incorporate the local context and address priority issues by involving end users of the software (adolescents and their teachers) as content contributors during the development phase. The innovative multimedia application was developed using the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. A student manual was also created as a teaching tool, providing educators with lesson introductions and guiding questions for post-lesson group discussions. The manual includes a simplified print version of the educational content, ensuring that students and teachers in schools without ICT resources can benefit from the intervention. Questionnaires were developed and administered to 14 Results indicate that all 14 trained teachers demonstrated improved knowledge about the use of multimedia applications to deliver adolescent-friendly sexual reproductive health (SRH) education. Additionally, all 14 teachers self-reported that the multimedia application is a feasible and acceptable method to deliver adolescent-friendly SRH education.

Process evaluation of a parent-child communication intervention for adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Uganda

BackgroundPrevious initiatives concerning adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education in Low-or-Middle Income Countries (LMICs) have been limited by cultural norms and misinformation perpetuated within families. Responding to the paucity of research on the implementation of SRH interventions in LMICs and limited knowledge regarding their mechanisms, this study undertakes a process evaluation of a parent-focused intervention to promote parent-adolescent communication about SRH in Uganda.MethodsThis paper explores the implementation, contextual factors and mechanisms of impact of the intervention, using the Medical Research Council (MRC) guidelines for process evaluations. Implementation was evaluated through indicators of dose, fidelity and adaptations, acceptability and feasibility. The contextual factors and mechanisms of impact were evaluated to refine the intervention’s causal assumptions. Data was collected during April - October 2021 in South-Western Uganda using a mixed-methods approach, including document analysis, intervention observations, interviews, focus group discussions and most significant change stories.ResultsThe acceptability of the intervention was related to its community engagement, the strong rapport with delivery agents, and individual characteristics of participants. Five contextual factors influencing implementation were highlighted; (i) cultural norms, (ii) perceptions about youth SRH, (iii) poverty, (iv) Covid-19 pandemic, and (v) prior research projects in the community. When considering the intervention’s mechanisms of impact, four causal pathways were identified; (i) Awareness of SRH needs helped parents overcome stigma, (ii) Parenting skills training improved SRH communication, (iii) Group learning stimulated shared parenting, and (iv) Group learning improved co-parenting.ConclusionThe paper presented three key learnings and corresponding recommendations for future research. Firstly, implementation success was credited to meaningful community engagement which improved acceptability and uptake. Secondly, the complex influences of contextual factors highlighted the need for contextual analysis in research studies to inform intervention design. Finally, this evaluation recognised the interplay between mechanisms of impact and suggested further research consider such combined impacts when designing intervention content.

Edukasi Bahaya Perilaku Seks Bebas Generasi Gen Z Di SMK Mathla’ul Anwar Sukalangu Pandeglang

Generation Z or the so-called Internet generation, the generation of teenagers who will replace the current Millennial generation, is expected to usher in a new era of technological development. Due to the strong influence of Internet technology, there are concerns that it will not only change the mindset of Generation Z, but also turn something taboo into an illegitimate social tradition. Developed and interesting educational activities about the risks of free sex are expected to provide enough knowledge to the younger generation so as not to do things that can endanger their reproductive health in the future. Generation Z Adolescent Reproductive Health Education Using the Edugame Method for Students of SMK Mathla’ul Anwar Sukalang, Pandeglang Regency. The results of this community service show that students are equally aware of the dangers of free sex. This method of educational and counseling games accompanied by animated videos is one of the persuasive activities that effectively make students aware of the dangers of free sex.

Development of Educational Media for Adolescent Reproductive Health

The starting point for the human life cycle in preparing for a healthy reproductive process begins during adolescence. During adolescence, rapid hormonal, physical, psychological and social changes occur. Preparing teenagers from physical, mental and social aspects is very important. The current lack of knowledge among teenagers can result in problems for teenagers related to reproductive health. Hence, scientific researchers aim to develop a media application model that can effectively disseminate knowledge and information regarding adolescent reproductive health education. Developing this application is a dedicated endeavour to deliver accessible education to teenagers about adolescent reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Aims: This research aimed to develop educational media and analyse the suitability of the media from material experts, media experts and users. Study design: The type of research was the Research and Development (RnD) using the ADDIE research and development model (Analysis, design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) by Robert Maribe Branch. This research step uses 3 stages, namely needs analysis, design creation and development stages which will be validated by material experts, media experts and users. The research instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale and was analysed to see the feasibility classification. Results: This research produced educational media for adolescent reproductive health which has screening, education and educational game features. The results of the material expert assessment were 87.5% (very worth it), media experts 95.2% (very worth it) and 50 teenage respondents (100%) assessed this media as very suitable for use. Conclusion: The development of website-based adolescent reproductive health education media has been carried out and received a very appropriate classification from material experts, media experts and users. This media is very suitable to be applied to teenagers as an effort to increase knowledge about reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Apart from that, this media can be accessed anytime and anywhere by teenagers. The starting point for the human life cycle in preparing for a healthy reproductive process begins during adolescence. During adolescence, rapid hormonal, physical, psychological and social changes occur. Preparing teenagers from physical, mental and social aspects is very important. The current lack of knowledge among teenagers can result in problems for teenagers related to reproductive health. Hence, scientific researchers aim to develop a media application model that can effectively disseminate knowledge and information regarding adolescent reproductive health education. Developing this application is a dedicated endeavour to deliver accessible education to teenagers about adolescent reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Aims: This research aimed to develop educational media and analyse the suitability of the media from material experts, media experts and users. Study design: The type of research was the Research and Development (RnD) using the ADDIE research and development model (Analysis, design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) by Robert Maribe Branch. This research step uses 3 stages, namely needs analysis, design creation and development stages which will be validated by material experts, media experts and users. The research instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale and was analysed to see the feasibility classification. Results: This research produced educational media for adolescent reproductive health which has screening, education and educational game features. The results of the material expert assessment were 87.5% (very worth it), media experts 95.2% (very worth it) and 50 teenage respondents (100%) assessed this media as very suitable for use. Conclusion: The development of website-based adolescent reproductive health education media has been carried out and received a very appropriate classification from material experts, media experts and users. This media is very suitable to be applied to teenagers as an effort to increase knowledge about reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Apart from that, this media can be accessed anytime and anywhere by teenagers.

16. ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ON STUDENTS IN TIEN HUNG HIGH SCHOOL, DONG HUNG, THAI BINH IN 2023

Background: Reproductive health of adolescents is a critical issue in Vietnam. Improving knowledge on this subject, attitude toward practicing safe intercourse can prevent reproductive health issues, such as HIV/AIDS, unwanted pregnancy, abortion… and enhance adolescent health in general. 
 Objective: Explore the associated factors on knowledge, attitude and practice toward adolescent reproductive health of students in Tien Hung high school, Dong Hung ward, Thai Binh in 2023. 
 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from 306 students by selfadministered questionnaire. Epidata 3.1 was used for data import, and data analysis was conducted by SPSS 14.0. 
 Results: Knowledge, attitude and practice toward reproductive health of students associated with: (1) Attendance at adolescent reproductive health education sessions; (2) Sharing information regarding adolescent reproductive health with relatives/friends; (3) Seeking help from health practitioners/ school. These factors are statistically significant (p<0.05). 
 Conclusion: Family members and school administrators should enhance their supports and disclosure, and organize educational programs on adolescent reproductive health for students.

Teenage pregnancy matters in refugee setup: early pregnancy among adolescent girls in Kule refugee camp, Gambella, Ethiopia

BackgroundAn estimated 21 million adolescent girls become pregnant with nearly half of these pregnancies being unintended, and more than half end in unsafe abortion in low and middle-income countries every year. Teenage pregnancy causes serious health, social, and economic consequences around the globe. Despite it is a common problem in the whole community it is more devastating when this occurs in a refugee setup. This study assessed the magnitude of teenage pregnancy in the Kule refugee camp, in Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based mixed cross-sectional study was done among 422 adolescent girls. Participants were selected using a systematic sampling technique. A structured, pre-tested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to show the strength and direction of the association. For the qualitative part, four focused group discussion sessions were done, and participants were selected purposely. Thematic analysis was used to analyze, and the finding was triangulated with quantitative findings.ResultA total of 146 adolescents (34.6%, 95% CI: (29.9, 38.9)) have experienced pregnancy at least one time. Age (≤ 16) [AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: (0.27, 0.85)], not attending school [AOR = 3.59, 95% CI: (1.2, 10.8)], having a mother with no history of teenage pregnancy [AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: (0.21, 0.98)], being unmarried [AOR = 0.21, 95% CI: (0.12, 0.36)], and having a sister/s with a history of teenage pregnancy [AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: (1.33, 3.7)] were significantly associated factors.ConclusionMore than one-third of adolescents experience teenage pregnancy. The magnitude of teenage pregnancy was high which may lead to serious health consequences for both the mother and their fetus. Addressing cultural barriers and strengthening adolescent reproductive health education to decrease intergenerational transmission of teenage pregnancy through community awareness and strengthening reproductive parent-adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health communication are important measures to tackle the problem.

Adolescent Reproductive Health, Sex and Sexuality Education Program in a Science-Based Approach for Junior High School Learners

This study was undertaken to determine the stakeholders’ perspective on the adolescent reproductive health (ARH), sex, and sexuality education with the purpose of developing a program using a science-based approach to provide age and developmentally appropriate information for junior high school learners. A descriptive-developmental research design was used to determine any significant difference on the perception of the three groups of respondents on the adolescent reproductive health, sex, and sexuality education. Moreover, it determined the significant relationship between the students’ evaluation of the designed program as to their profile and awareness on ARH, sex, and sexuality education. The results revealed a significant difference on the perception of the respondents on the adolescent reproductive health, sex, and sexuality education. Findings also revealed significant relationship between the students’ profile, except religion and family orientation, and the effectiveness of the designed program. Therefore, the null hypothesis is partially upheld. Likewise, students’ awareness is significantly related to the perceived effectiveness of the program on adolescence reproductive health, sex, and sexuality education. The research suggests that the designed program must be aligned to the holistic development of adolescents ensuring that the information is comprehensible and relevant to their stage of life.

Website-based application development as an alternative media for reproductive health promotion in adolescent

Background: Adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health is not comprehensive—and most adolescents still consider it taboo to discuss reproductive health issues with their parents. Today's adolescents are included in Generation Z; they like to look for alternative sources of information, especially through electronic media, as their social life cannot be separated from electronic media. This condition is the basis for developing a website as an alternative media for promoting adolescent reproductive health. Methods: This study combined qualitative and quantitative research methods with a type of R&D (Research and Development). To determine the feasibility of the reproductive health website, a validity test was carried out by 1 material expert, 1 media expert, a small group trial of 8 adolescents, and a large group trial of 384 adolescents of 15-18 years with an android mobile. Results: The results of validation by the material expert with an average validation value of 81.04% (≥ 61%), the media expert with an average validation value of 82.70% (≥ 61%), a small group trial with an average validation value of 85.56% (≥ 61%), and a large group trial with an average validation value of 90.80% (≥ 61%). There are differences in knowledge before and after treatment; namely, reproductive health education was carried out (p=0.000). Conclusion: Product feasibility based on these indicators makes the website one of the media alternatives for conducting adolescent reproductive health education.

Increasing reproductive health literacy among adolescent females in Islamic boarding schools through peer education

The importance of reproductive health education in Islamic boarding schools is often overlooked. Whereas the prevalence of reproductive health issues among teenage females in Islamic boarding schools remains high, including anemia, vaginal discharge, dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, and personal hygiene. These difficulties have an impact such as absenteeism at school, wasting and infertility. Peer education is seen to be capable of addressing these issues since adolescents in Islamic boarding schools engage with their peers more frequently than with their families, instructors, or health workers. The purpose of this activity is to increase participants' knowledge, attitudes, and skills on peer education and adolescent reproductive health. Adolescent reproductive health education, peer education training, and assistance in extracurricular activities that have the potential to help establish healthy madrasas are among the activities carried out. Thirty students who wanted to become peer educators took part in this activity. The results of the activities were evaluated using pre-test and post-test questionnaires, as well as the practice of health education and counseling. The result of this activity is an increase in participants' knowledge about adolescent reproductive health by 8.28 and peer education by 5.17 after participating in the activity. Participants are also able to recognize reproductive health issues that commonly arise in teens and how to prevent them.

GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG PERNIKAHAN DINI DI DESA KARANGLO KECAMATAN KEREK

Child marriage or early marriage is considered unsafe and harmful practice because of insufficient readiness in various aspects. In 2008, the prevalence of child marriage was 14,67% and decreased by 11,21% in 2018. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of female adolescents about early marriage at Karanglo Village, Kerek Sub-District. This study was descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 155 people. The samples were 115 female adolescents. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Research variables are the knowledge and attitudes of female adolescents about early marriage. The data collection technique used questionnaires and the data were analyzed descriptively in the form of a frequency table.The results found that almost all female adolescents have good knowledge (81%). Most female adolescents have a positive attitude (55%). Most female adolescents have good knowledge with positive attitudes (52,3%). Almost half of the female adolescents have good knowledge with negative attitudes (28,8%).Female adolescents at Karanglo village have good knowledge about early marriage. However, some of them who have good knowledge only know the basic knowledge of early marriage and many still have negative attitudes. Therefore, it is necessary to increase education and counseling about early marriage, starting from understanding the factors that influence the incidence of early marriage to the impact it has. Active participation of the Adolescent Integrated Health Service (Posyandu Remaja) in the Adolescent Reproductive Health (KRR) Education Program is one of the efforts to prevent early marriage. The role of parents and families can be a priority in providing education to children regarding adolescent reproductive health.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitudes, Early Marriage

Impact analysis of felt need-based adolescent reproductive and sexual health module for late adolescent girls in an urban slum

Introduction: A timely and accurate intervention regarding reproductive and sexual health in adolescent age group is expected to enhance their knowledge, change their attitudes, and strengthen their decision-making skills regarding their own reproductive health. This study was undertaken to assess the impact of felt need-based adolescent reproductive and sexual health education module, on knowledge, attitude, and practices of their menstrual hygiene. Materials and Methods: It is an interventional quantitative study done in 206 late adolescent girls residing at an urban slum. Focus Group Discussion was held in group of 8–12 girls to assess felt needs regarding puberty and menstrual knowledge. Baseline knowledge, attitude, and practices were assessed through a questionnaire. Analysis of menstrual hygiene practices was done after 3 months of health education intervention. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare the effect of health education on knowledge score. Three paired sample t-tests were used to make post hoc comparisons. Results: Mean age of girls was 16.10 years, with majority from Hindu religion. Sanitary pad usage was 91.26%. Restrictions in attending religious events were observed in 96.12% and 84.47% attended school during menses. Mother's education and facility of sanitary latrine in house were significantly associated with menstrual hygiene practices (P < 0.05). ANOVA test to compare the effect of health education on knowledge score was significant, Wilks Lambda = 0.171, F (2,188) = 456.271, and P< 0.001. Maulchy's test for sphericity was insignificant. Conclusion: Sanitary pad is being used by large majority of adolescent girls, in urban slum setting now. Menstrual hygiene practices were better in daughters of more educated mothers and those who had sanitary latrine in house. Number of girls having good knowledge about puberty and menstruation increased significantly after health education intervention. Although the knowledge increased drastically after the education sessions, the girls could not retain all of it, indicating reinforcement of knowledge is a must.

Parents behavior for delivering adolescent reproductive health education

&lt;p&gt;Adolescence is a period of searching for identity that requires information on reproductive health and sexuality so as not to fall into premarital sexual behavior. Parents play an important role in providing reproductive health information to adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between partner support, perceived barriers, and self-confidence with parents behavior for giving adolescent reproductive health education. The research employed a cross sectional approach which was conducted online in June-August 2020 to 300 parents of teenagers aged 15-19 years. The sampling technique is double sampling using self-administered questionnaire that has been tested for validity. Bivariate analysis was performed using Chi square and multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression test. The results showed that parents' self-confidence was the most influential factor in reproductive health education for adolescents (OR=3.052, CI=1.534-6.071). Parents who have low self-confidence tend not to provide comprehensive reproductive health information to adolescents. Lack of skills to explain the topic of sexuality, lack of knowledge of the material that will be given, and the shame when conveying sexuality material is something that affects parents' self-confidence. Training is needed for parents on how to provide information on reproductive health to adolescents.&lt;/p&gt;

Edukasi Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja untuk Menyongsong Indonesia Emas 2045

The purpose of this community service is to increase adolescent knowledge about reproductive health, which is important for the survival of the youth, offspring, and the future of the Indonesian nation, especially in welcoming “Indonesia Emas 2045”. Adolescent reproductive health education needs to be improved considering that this knowledge is still considered taboo so it gets less attention. The method used in this service is ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) with the main assets being teenagers in Rogomulyo Kayen Pati Village while the community is the Kayen Pati District Health Office. The service steps include: 1) observation, 2) community approach, 3) socialization of activities, 4) socialize the adolescent reproductive health, 5) evaluation and mentoring. The activity was carried out by socializing knowledge, discussing, and giving questionnaires. The results obtained, the average value of the participants was 79.8, meaning that the participants' understanding of reproductive health was high. Based on the questionnaire, most of the participants obtained reproductive health information from the internet. These results are quite worrying because the internet does not only have a positive side. Reproductive health socialization should be provided starting from children, adolescents, pregnant mothers, and parents, so that this knowledge is no longer considered taboo and becomes the needs of each individual.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors of the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad

Puberty is experienced by every teenager which is characterized by the maturity of the reproductive organs thus triggering the sexual impulse. If the sexual drive in adolescents is not controlled then it is at risk to the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with the behavior of the Reproductive Health Triad at SMK Duta Pratama Indonesia Tasikmalaya City in 2021. This type of research is an analytical survey using a cross sectional design. The population and sample of this study are all students of SMK Duta Pratama Indonesia based on inclusion criteria. The instrument uses Gform and the data are analyzed univariately and bivariately. The results showed that the average knowledge score was 4.54, the average attitude score was 17.21, and the average behavior score was 5.51. There is no relationship between knowledge and behavior of the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad p value = 0.135, and there is a relationship between attitudes and behavior of the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad p value = 0.043. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between knowledge and behavior of the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad and there is a relationship between attitudes and behaviors of the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad. It is hoped that the school can instill spiritual values and provide adolescent reproductive health education in preventing risky behaviors in students.

The Effect Of Adolescent Reproductive Health Education On Adolescent's Knowledge About Premarry Sex Behavior

Latar Belakang: Menurut data WHO, satu dari lima wanita di dunia telah melahirkan pada usia 18 tahun. Menurut Media Indonesia, 85% anak usia 15 tahun pernah melakukan hubungan seks pranikah. Di Indonesia, pada tahun 2017 (Kuartal I) data kasus infeksi menular seksual dari Januari hingga Maret sebanyak 10.376 orang. Di Kota Bandar Lampung Penyakit Menular Seksual yang dijadikan laporan utama adalah kasus HIV dan AIDS. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi terhadap pengetahuan remaja tentang perilaku seksual di SMA “X” Bandar Lampung Tahun 2018. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan one group pre-post test design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA “X” Bandar Lampung tahun 2018 dengan usia rentan 14,15 dan 16 tahun yang berjumlah 87 responden, sedangkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 46 orang dengan menggunakan Simple Random Sampling. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji-t dependen. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pengetahuan remaja tentang perilaku seksual sebelum pemberian Konseling Kesehatan Reproduksi di SMA “X” Bandar Lampung tahun 2018 adalah 55,41 dan setelahnya adalah 76,85 dengan p-value pengetahuan yang diperoleh 0,000, Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh Penyuluhan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja terhadap pengetahuan tentang perilaku seksual remaja di SMA “X” Bandar Lampung Tahun 2018. Saran agar dinas kesehatan dan dinas pendidikan lebih memperhatikan masalah kesehatan reproduksi remaja, dan diharapkan remaja dapat menghindari perilaku seksual. yang negatif. Kata kunci: Konseling Kesehatan Reproduksi, Pengetahuan Remaja, Perilaku Seksual ABSTRACT Background: According to WHO data, one in five women in the world has given birth at the age of 18 years. According to Media Indonesia, 85% of 15-year-olds have had premarital sex. In Indonesia, in 2017 (Quarter I) data on cases of sexually transmitted infections from January to March were 10,376 people. In the city of Bandar Lampung Sexually Transmitted Diseases that are used as the main reports are cases of HIV and AIDS. Purpose: To find out the effect of reproductive health counseling on adolescent knowledge about sexual behavior at SMA "X" Bandar Lampung in 2018. Methods: This type of research is quantitative with a one group pre-post test design approach. The research population is class X students at SMA "X" Bandar Lampung in 2018 with a vulnerable age of 14,15 and 16 years, totaling 87 respondents, while the research sample is 46 using Simple Random Sampling. The analysis in this study uses the t-test dependent. Results: The results showed that the average knowledge of adolescents about sexual behavior before giving Reproductive Health Counseling at SMA "X" Bandar Lampung in 2018 was 55.41 and after was 76.85 with the p-value of knowledge obtained 0.000, Conclusion: There is an effect of Adolescent Reproductive Health Counseling on knowledge about adolescent sexual behavior at SMA "X" Bandar Lampung in 201 Suggestion for the health office and education office to pay more attention to adolescent reproductive health problems, and it is hoped that adolescents can avoid sexual behavior. negative ones. Keywords: Adolescent Knowledge,,Reproductive Health Counseling, Sexual Behavior

The Effect of the Commander Application (Gender Equality-Based Adolescent Reproductive Health Education) on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Self-efficacy of High School Students in Yogyakarta City

BACKGROUND: Teenage dating behavior can lead to unsafe dating behavior. There has been an increase in the incidence of sexual violence, involving adolescent girls as victims of abuse. It is imperative to provide more proactive protection and violence prevention by gender equality-based reproductive health education through application media. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the Commander application (gender equality-based adolescent reproductive health education) on knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of high school students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a non-equivalent design (pretest and posttest) and a control group. The intervention group received gender-based adolescent reproductive health education with the media application that was made by the research team, while the control group received routine reproductive health education with lectures organized by the local public health center (Puskesmas). The research population was all high school students in the Yogyakarta City, and the schools were selected based on those in the target area of the Puskesmas that had adolescent health services. School selection based on school characteristic type of school and number of students. Two schools were selected as the intervention and control groups with a minimum sample of 30 male and 30 female students from each school. The total sample was 170 people. The questionnaire used to measure attitude, knowledge, and self-efficacy was previously tested for validity and reliability and declared valid and reliable. Comparative analysis has been carried out in two paired groups using a dependent t-test, while for two unpaired groups using an independent t-test. RESULTS: The mean values of knowledge in the intervention and control groups were 0.628 versus −0.183 and the difference between the two groups was not significant (p = 0.108). The average attitude values of the intervention and control groups were 0.557 versus −2.283 and the difference between the two groups was significantly different (p = 0.000). The average self-efficacy values of the intervention and control groups were 3.785 versus −3.350 and the difference between the two groups was significantly different (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Gender-based adolescent reproductive health education interventions with application media can improve adolescent attitudes and self-efficacy.

Pelatihan Penggunaan Modul Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja bagi Guru di SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Kabupaten Bandung

Adolescent reproductive health education in schools is essential to provide alternative solutions to overcome student reproductive health problems. This fact makes teachers a more appropriate choice for understanding reproductive health in adolescents. Teachers have not been able to provide reproductive health education according to the needs of students, so in implementing reproductive health education in schools, teachers must prepare knowledge and skills in conveying material to facilitate the learning process of their students properly. Teachers need to receive training to be able to provide students with a proper understanding of reproductive health. A module is a tool for absorbing student knowledge; by understanding the adolescent reproductive health module, the teacher will be able to convey the material expected by students. The aim is to provide "training on the use of Adolescent Reproductive Health Modules for Teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Bandung" Regency to increase teachers' knowledge regarding adolescent reproductive health. The results indicate that there is an increase in the knowledge of teachers. The average pre-test result of participants was 84% with a standard deviation of ±0.905, and the average post-test result was 88.18% with a standard deviation of ±1.206. So it can be concluded that there is an increase of 5% from the pre-test and post-test results after training teachers. This community service activity certainly increases knowledge, understanding, and ability to detect early problems of teenagers in their schools.

EVALUATION OF CHILDREN MARRIAGE PREVENTION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN DOMPU DISTRICT IN 2016-2021

Dompu Regency is one of the regencies in West Nusa Tenggara Province with the highest number of child marriage cases. There has been a decrease in the number of cases from year to year. This is a good implication of the implementation of local government policies. The study aims to describe and analyze the process and results of the implementation of the policy to prevent child marriage in Dompu Regency for the 2016-2021 period. The study use descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach. Conducted at the Kantor Perlindungan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (DP3A) Kab. Dompu in May 2021. Data collection techniques used interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used was qualitative consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions by applying inductive logic. The results showed (1) DP3A Dompu Regency implemented several policies to overcome the problem of child marriage. In the period 2016-2021, policies have been implemented to establish the Komisi Perlindungan Anak Desa (KPAD), the Simultaneous Movement Module Program, the creation of Adolescent Reproductive Health Education for each SMP/MTs and SMA/MA/SMK, and the selection of peer counselors. Some of these policies are the result of the formulation and agreement process and are implemented by the Dompu Regency DP3A together with local NGOs and NGOs. (2) The implementation of the policy to prevent child marriage is considered successful in preventing an increase in cases of child marriage; Dompu local government policies currently have an impact on public understanding of the risks of child marriage. (3) the policy becomes a program that only prioritizes sensation and mere formality, costs a lot of money, has incomplete impacts and targets, is faced with difficult regulatory conditions, so that some programs cannot be implemented optimally and have a more positive impact.